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Time of flight

The simplest form of mass analysis that does not use magnetic fields depends on the differing speeds of ions with the same energy but different masses. The ion source is generally of the electron-impact type and has one or more electrodes modulated so as to extract ions for a time that is brief compared with the time it takes them to reach the detector. The ion velocities, as given above by v = 2zV/m , and the distance between source and detector allow the mass to be calculated directly. In practice, the response of the detector is displayed on a cathode-ray oscillograph and recorded by a computer. This method has two advantages: it is fast and, if desired, can display the entire mass spectrum. Its deficiencies are poor resolution, poor accuracy of signal, and poor efficiency, due to the short period during which ions are extracted from the source.

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