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Beata Pawłowska, Agnieszka Kowalik, Aniela Płotka
SELF-IMAGINE OF SHORT – AND LONG-TERM An unemployed is a person who does not work but who is actively looking for employment and is ready to take up a job. Nowadays unemployment is treated as one of the most important social problems because the loss of occupational status contributes to more often disorders in mental health. The period of being unemployed is significant. One can distinguish: short-term unemployment, mid-dling-term unemployment, long-lasting unemployment and long-term unemployment. The objective of this article was to answer the following questions: 1. Do short- and long-term unemployed differ in terms of the features of their real self-images? 2. Which features of self-images of short- and long-term unemployed differ? Subjects and methods. A group of 120 unemployed (64 women and 56 men) was tested. All the unemployed were registered in State Employment Agency in Zamość. 33 women were long-term and 31 short-term unemployed. Among men 27 were long-term and 29 short-term unemployed. Among women 52% had secondary education, 29% elementary education and 20% higher education, while among men 17% had higher education, 49% secondary education and 30% elementary education. Both groups of unemployed were tested with the Personal Questionnaire (constructed by Agnieszka Kowalik) and the ACL Adjective Check List of Gough and Heilbrunn’s, which the subjects filled out answering the question “what are you like?”. On the basis of the ACL Test the real self-images of the subjects have been determined. On the basis of the results received the following conclusions have been put forward: 1. Long-term unemployed are characterized by lower level of self appraisal, greater hostility towards themselves and others, a tendency to abase themselves and to be submissive. They are fearful in social contacts and have difficulties coping with stress. Short-term unemployed, on the other hand, more easily deal with stress, have more self trust and are more autonomous. 2. In comparison to short-term unemployed men, these who are long-term unemployed are less tolerant, more hostile towards others, they seek stabilization and tend to retreat to a narrow range of roles in interpersonal relations. 3. Compared to short-term unemployed women, those who remain without a job for a long period of time display greater need of support and acceptance in their environments, they are more submissive and tend to abase themselves, they experience the feeling of guilt and often try to escape troubles by retreating into dreams. Key words: self-image, short- and long-term unemployed
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Seria wydawnicza EUKRASIA Vol. 5 Unemployment and Health Care |
