| OLMAZSA OLMAZLAR 1. a / an: �ngilizce�de say�labilir tekil isimler tek ba�lar�na kullan�lmazlar. My, this, some, the ... gibi s�zc�klerle kullan�lm�yorlarsa, ba�lar�na a / an gelir. Ben de �eker istiyorum. I want a candy too. Bana elma ver. Give me an apple. B�y�y�nce ��retmen olaca��m. I'll be a teacher when I grow up. S�fatlar tekil bir ismi tan�ml�yorsa, a / an s�fattan �nce gelir. G�zel bir ev: a beautiful house Eski bir ev: an old house 2. plural form: Birden fazla �eyden bahsediyorsan isim mutlaka �o�ul halde olur. �ki kitap: two books Birka� elma: some apples Bir�ok insan. A lot of people Ka� ��renci...? How many students...? ��aret s�fat� da �o�ul olur (these / those) Bu kalemler: these pencils �u �ocuklar: those children 3. apostrophe s : sahiplik belirten �s� i�in kesme i�areti (apostrophe) kullan�l�r, �o�ul yapan �s� i�in kullan�lmaz. a girl � two girls � a girl�s bag: bir k�z, iki k�z, bir k�z�n �antas� �s� tak�s� alarak �o�ul olmu� isimlere sahiplik bildiren �s� tak�s� eklenmez, yaln�zca kesme i�areti konur. the girls� bags: k�zlar�n �antalar� 4. It�s / its: It�s �It is�in k�salt�lmas�d�r. Its bir sahiplik s�fat�d�r. It�s a dog. (It is a dog.) / Its tail�s short. (The dog�s tail is short.) 5. to be: olmak fiilidir. Neyin ne oldu�unu, nerede oldu�unu, nas�l oldu�unu, ne zaman oldu�unu s�yler. Elinde gitmek, yapmak, sevmek gibi ba�ka bir fiil yoksa onsuz olmaz. I�m a student. / The cat is in the house. / Those flowers are beautiful. The exam is on Friday. 6. It�s two o�clock. / It�s at two o�clock: Saatin �u anda ka� oldu�unu s�yl�yorsan �at� edat�na gerek yok. Bir i�in saat ka�ta oldu�unu s�yl�yorsan �at� gerekli. What time is it? It�s two o�clok. What time is the English lesson? It�s at two o�clock. What day is it today? It�s Wednesday. When is the English exam? It�s on Wednesday. 7. yes/no questions: evet/hay�r sorular� yard�mc� fille ba�lar, bunu �zne takip eder. Are you hungry? Has he got a bicyle? Can he speak English well? Do you live in a big city? Does he work in a factory? ... 8. yes/no short answers: K�sa cevaplar zamir + yard�mc� fille yap�l�r. Yes, I am. / No, he isn�t. / Yes, she has. / Yes, we can. / No, they don�t. / Yes, she does. 9. Question words: Soru s�zc�kleri c�mle ba��nda bulunur, bunlar� yard�mc� fill ve �zne takip eder. What�s your name? / How are you? / Who has got a spare pencil? Where does she live? When can you come and visit us? How often do they go for a picnic? 10. short answers for who, what, which: Bu s�zc�kler �zneyi sordu�unda k�sa cevap verilebilir. Who is thirsty? I am. Who has got a guitar? Fatma has. What animal likes cheese? A mouse does. Which rock bands are coming to the festival? Guns �n Roses and Ugly Kid Joe are. 11. is / has / makes / does: ���n�c� tekil �ahs�n bir �s tak�nt�s� vard�r. He is a musician. He has a lot of musical instruments. He makes music. Does he make good music? 12. mustn�t/don�t have to: mustn�t yapmamal�s�n, don�t have to yapmak zorunda de�ilsin anlam�ndad�r. You mustn�t get up late. Ge� kalkmamal�s�n. You don�t have to get up early. Erken kalkmana gerek yok. 13. preposition + objective pronoun: edat + nesne durumunda zamir Listen to me. / Come with us. / Look at him. / Wait for them. 14. like + do-ing / want + to + do: yapmay� sevmek, yapmak istemek I like playing basketball. / I want to play basketball. 15. like / would like: sevmek / istemek Do you like tea? Yes, I do. Would you like tea? Yes, please. 16. like + do-ing / would like + to+ do: yapmay� sevmek, yapmak istemek I like going for a walk. / I�d like to go for a walk. |