The effects of this modernisation on the course of demographic change were summarised by Notestein as follows:
 

• The demographic revolution which takes a country out of the high stationary phase is intiated by a permanent and continuous decline in mortality.
• This decline in mortality is caused by the cumulative influences of the agrigcultural, industrial and sanitary revolutions which lead to better food supplies, an improvement in the standard of living in general, and the improvements in public health.

Rapid population growth results from the widening gap between declining death rates and unchanging birth rates.

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