You know that p = dominant allele ( in this case -brown phenotype)
and q = recesssive allele ( spotted bear)
All of the allele in the population for this trait (color) must add up to 100% , so p + q = 1
Taking into account that each individual has 2 copies, 1 from mom, 1 from dad- their genotype is BB, Bb or bb. In the H-W equation, BB is p2, bb is q2 and since you can get Bb or bB = "Bb", the Bb genotype is calculated as 2pq.
In your charts, you take how many bears counted- for example- 46 bears spotted- out of 90 total (44 were brown) 46/90 = .51 this is "q2" to get just 1 q, you take the square root of q2. For example, .51 Sq root is .71 and this =q. To get p 1-.71 is .29 This is p. Take pXp to get p2 ( here .29 squared is .08) to get 2pq = 2(.29)(.71) this is .41
To see if you did it right- p2 + 2pq + q2 should equal 1
Here: .08 + .41 + .51 do = 1.
generation spotted brown q2 q p p2 2pq
1 51 49
2 36 64
3 30 70
4 33 67
5 24 76
generation spotted brown q2 q p p2 2pq
1 48 42
2 45 45
3 34 56
4 29 61
5 24 66
generation spotted brown q2 q p p2 2pq
1 54 46
2 38 62
3 29 71
4 16 84
5 14 86
generation spotted brown q2 q p p2 2pq
1 46 44
2 32 58
3 18 72
4 14 76
5 15 75