Southeast Georgia
Non-White Ancestry
Below are persons designated as Black, Mulatto, Free Colored and
Free Black in Southeast Georgia census'. Also, some of the North and South Carolina
counties from which the settles migrated and Florida counties to which migration took
place. The ethnicity of persons with these designations cannot truly be determined by the
census' as the classification was up to the discretion of the census taker. These folks
could have been freed African slaves (or their descendants), Native Americans or some
degree of combination of these and white settlers. Many of these were Melungeon I am
attempting to understand who they were, where they came from and where they went. Any help
will be greatly appreciated.
1820 Wayne County, Georgia Census
The following households contained "free colored persons". Can anyone
identify them?
William O'neil, Sr...............1 male < 14
William O'neil, Jr................1 male >= 45
Aaron Rozar......................1 male 26 to 44, 2 females < 14, 1 female 14 to 25.
Mary Ann Brown(widow)..1 male < 14
Shirard Sheffield.................1 male 26 to 44
1840 Wayne County, Georgia Census
The following households contained "free black" persons. Can anyone
identify them?
James Munden .......1 female 24 to 36, 1 female 55 to 100
James Stafford.........1 female 55 to 100
Zachariah Bugg .......1 male 24 to 36
Vicy Shannon...........4 males under 10, 1 male 24 to 36, 1 female under 10, 2 females 10
to 24, 1 female 55 to 100.
William Raulerson....1 male 10 to 24 - William was the only person in the
household so he is the "free black".
He is later listed as Mulatto in 1860 Wayne (see below). Probably Native American. William
was great-grandson of John Raulerson (R.S.), progenitor of this S.E. GA family. His
grandmother, Elizabeth Moore, is noted in Huxford Magazine, volume 13, page 348 as saying
that David Raulerson (William's uncle) was "half Indian from Pitt County, NC".
This Indian line she is speaking of is probably through her Moore line as they were
of Pitt County. Note that Jacob and Nimrod Raulerson (I think they were
"perhaps" William's brothers) and their entire households were all considered
white during this same census.
1850 Wayne County, Georgia Census
The following Todd/Lang/Savalla/Lewis household was identified as a mulatto
family. Can anyone identify them?
10 10 Henry Todd 38 M M
Mechanic 1000 FL
Mary Todd
27 F M
FL
Evestora? Lang 17
F M FL
Teresa Savalla 15
F M FL <---See
1850 McIntosh Co., GA Gany household. John Savally = Minorcan
Henry Lewis 17
F M GA
1850 McIntosh County, Georgia Census
28 24 24 Delegel, C.W. 38 M W Planter 6,000 Georgia
29 24 24 Delegel, Thomas P. 36 M W Planter Georgia
30 24 24 Delegel, Jane 72 F W Georgia
31 24 24 McDonald, Jane S. 22 F W Georgia
32 24 24 McDonald, Norman G. 18 M W Clerk Georgia
33 24 24 McDonald, Edward H. 16 M W Georgia X
34 24 24 McDonald, Donnald 14 M W Georgia X
35 24 24 McDonald, E.M. 12 F W Georgia X
36 24 24 Curry, Mary 90 F M St. Domingo
33 126 126 Smith, L.(or C.) M. 62 M W Merchant 1,500 Mass.
34 126 126 Smith, Levenia 36 F W Mass.
35 126 126 Smith, Camden M. 12 M W Georgia X
36 126 126 Clark, Mary C. 12 F W Georgia X
37 126 126 Clark, William 8 M W Georgia X
38 126 126 Clark, Henry I.(or J?) 4 M W Georgia
39 126 126 Smith, Octavius 2 M W Georgia
40 126 126 Hulan, George 14 M M Georgia
29 131 131 Cannon, William H. 36 M W Planter Georgia
30 131 131 McCloud, Jane 50 F M Georgia
31 131 131 McIntosh, Margret 28 F M Georgia
32 131 131 McIntosh, Mary J. 7 F M Georgia
33 131 131 McIntosh, Eliza 5 F M Georgia
34 131 131 Jourdan, John 26 M M Georgia
35 131 131 Jourdan, William 22 M M Georgia
39 140 140 Harmon, James 52 M M farmer 100 S.C.
40 140 140 Harmon, Mary 50 F M Georgia
41 140 140 Harmon, Sarah 16 F M Georgia
42 140 140 Harmon, Mary 13 F M Georgia
1 140 140 Harmon, Elizabeth 11 F M Georgia
2 140 140 Harmon, Francis 9 M M Georgia
3 140 140 Harmon, James 6 M M Georgia
4 140 140 Harmon, Abram 4 M M Georgia
5 141 141 Hulin, John 48 M M labourer Georgia
6 141 141 Hulin, Unity 30 F M Georgia
7 141 141 Hulin, William 16 M M labourer Georgia
8 141 141 Hulin, John 12 M M Georgia
9 141 141 Hulin, Joseph 11 M M Georgia
1 191 191 Jackson, L.H. 43 M W Carpenter 3,600 Vermont
2 191 191 Baker, Martha 35 F B Georgia
3 191 191 Baker, Juliah 6 F M Georgia
4 191 191 Baker, Merendo 4 F M Georgia
15 196 196 Moran, Charlot 65 F B Georgia
16 196 196 Moran, John 40 M B farmer Georgia
17 196 196 Moran, William 38 M B Carpenter Georgia
18 196 196 Moran, George 34 M B Farmer Georgia
19 196 196 Moran, Nelson 30 M B labourer Georgia
20 196 196 Moran, Gibson 23 M B labourer Georgia
21 196 196 Moran, James 11 M B Georgia
22 197 197 Moran, Sarah 36 F B Georgia
1 229 229 Cousins, Ben 31 M M Labourer Georgia
35 263 263 Gany, William 45 M M Carpenter 500 Georgia
36 263 263 Gany, Elizabeth 29 F M Georgia
37 263 263 Gany, Mary F. 11 F M Georgia
38 263 263 Gany, William A. 9 M M Georgia
39 263 263 Gany, Charles H. 5 M M Georgia
40 263 263 Gany, Joseph F. 1012 M M Georgia
41 264 264 Savally, John 46 M B Florida <--- Note: said to
be Minorcan
42 264 264 Savally, John 7 M B Georgia
1 265 265 Atkinson, George 27 M M Blacksmith Georgia
2 265 265 Atkinson, Eliza 25 F M Georgia
3 265 265 Atkinson, James 4 M B Georgia
4 265 265 Atkinson, George 2 M B Georgia
5 266 266 Savally, Margret 40 F B Florida
6 266 266 Savally, Henry 20 M M Blacksmith Georgia <---Note:
Enlisted as musician 13 August 1861
Company M, 26th Infantry C.S.A. McIntosh Co.
7 266 266 Savally, John 15 M M Georgia
8 267 267 Cooke, James 16 M B Labourer Georgia
9 268 268 Jackson, John 65 M B Carpenter 200 Georgia
10 268 268 Jackson, Mary 55 F B Florida
11 268 268 Jackson, Alexander 15 M B Carpenter Georgia
12 269 269 Wood, Bella 50 F B Georgia
13 270 270 Carter, William 40 M M Labourer Georgia
14 271 271 Myers, Henry 26 M B Labourer Georgia
15 272 272 Carter, Sarah 32 F M Georgia
16 272 272 Carter, Edward 12 M M Georgia
17 272 272 Anderson, Bess 70 F B Georgia
18 273 273 Bengy(?), Mary 88 F M Florida
19 274 274 Cunnaghen, Rachel 51 F B 200 Georgia
20 275 275 Eady, Molsey 53 F B Georgia
21 276 276 Eady, Sally 32 F B Georgia
22 276 276 Eady, Sarah 60 F B Georgia
23 277 277 Delegal, Romeo 37 M B 500 Georgia
24 277 277 Delegal, Georgia A. 7 F B Georgia
25 277 277 Cardone, Francis 22 M B Florida
26 277 277 Cardone, Becenty 24 M B Florida
27 278 278 Haily, William 26 M B Georgia
1850 Glynn County, Georgia Census
10 2 2 Moore, Jacob W. 26 M School Teacher 500 Georgia
11 2 2 Moore, Mary F. 29 F Georgia
12 2 2 Burnett, John J. 12 M Georgia X
13 2 2 Grant, Henry 30 M M Labourer Georgia X
12 56 56 Hazzard, William W. 54 M Farmer 20,000 S. Carolina
13 56 56 Hazzard, Mary B. 40 F S. Carolina
14 56 56 Hazzard, William M. 17 M Student S. Carolina X
15 56 56 Hazzard, Tho. E. 15 M Student Georgia X
16 56 56 Hazzard, Mary S. 13 F Georgia X
17 56 56 Hazzard, R. C. 11 M Georgia X
18 56 56 Hazzard, John P. 9 M Georgia X
19 56 56 Hazzard, Elliot W. 7 M Georgia X
20 56 56 Miles, Mary A. B. 70 F S. Carolina
21 56 56 Harris, Stephen W. 51 M Teacher S. Carolina
22 56 56 Brown, Edward P. 40 M Epct. Clergyman Rhode Island
23 56 56 Brown, Susan 40 F Massachusetts
24 56 56 Brown, Mary E. 3/12 F Georgia
25 56 56 Orr, Abraham 70 M M Brick Layer S. Carolina
14 101 101 Nicholan, Elizabeth 65 F 4,500 St. Domingo
15 101 101 Nicholan, Benj. 31 M Farmer Georgia
16 101 101 Nicholan, Stephen 25 M Farmer Georgia
17 101 101 Nicholan, Joseph 38 M Farmer 4,000 Georgia
18 101 101 N.S., Joseph 38 M M Cooper Georgia X
33 111 111 McDonald, Alx. 53 M Farmer 25,000 Georgia
34 111 111 McDonald, Georgia M. 45 F Georgia
35 111 111 McDonald, Jane F. 18 F Georgia
36 111 111 McDonald, Jesse C. 16 M Student Georgia X
37 111 111 McDonald, ?***** H. 6 F Georgia
38 111 111 McDonald, Georgia M. 4 F Georgia
39 111 111 Houstown, Eliza M. 48 F Georgia
40 111 111 McDonald, Saml. 19 M None Georgia
41 111 111 Stephenson, Phillip 60 M M Tailor Georgia X
15 115 115 Gignilliat, Wm. M. 36 M Farmer 4,000 Georgia
16 115 115 Gignilliat, Henry 63 M None Georgia
17 115 115 Chandler, David B. 63 M None S. Carolina
18 115 115 Couper, Josiah 36 M M Carpenter Florida
1850 Tattnall County, Georgia Census
Visit 384
JONES, Willam 66 1784 M m Carpenter Jefferson
Lucina 41 1809 F m S.Carolina
Willis 17 1833 M m Appling
Rebecca 15 1835 F m Emanuel
Willam 13 1837 M m Emanuel
Abraham 11 1839 M m Emanuel
Lewis 9 1841 M m Emanuel
James 7 1843 M m Emanuel
Elisabeth 4 1846 F m Tattnall
Visit 217
SATURDAY, Rederick 37 1813 M m Farmer Warre
Nancy 40 1810 F m Bulloch Thomas 14 1836 M m Bulloch
Willam 11 1839 M m Bulloch Lucina 9 1841 F m Bulloch
James 7 1843 M m Bulloch Patience 40 1810 F m Emanuel
Washington 13 1837 M m Tattnall
ROSS Sarah 35 1815 F m Farmer Bulloch
Visit 217
SATURDAY, Rederick 37 1813 M m Farmer Warren
Nancy 40 1810 F m Bulloch Thomas 14 1836 M m Bulloch
Willam 11 1839 M m Bulloch Lucina 9 1841 F m Bulloch
James 7 1843 M m Bulloch Patience 40 1810 F m Emanuel
Washington 13 1837 M m Tattnall
ROSS Sarah 35 1815 F m Farmer Bulloch
Visit 187
SATURDAY, Stucky 99 1751 M m Farmer Virginia
Nicy 39 1811 F m Warren
Jackson 15 1835 M m Tattnall
Ann 13 1837 F m Tattnall
Rachael 9 1841 F m Tattnall
1860 Wayne County, Georgia Census
The following households contained Race = "M"(mulatto)
or "B"(black) persons.
23 8 8 Raulerson, William
42 M M Farmer 1,000 700 Georgia
24 8 8 Raulerson, Mary
36 F M Georgia X
25 8 8 Raulerson, Perlester
18 F M
Georgia
26 8 8 Raulerson, James W.
15 M M
Georgia
27 8 8 Raulerson, Roxy
13 F M Georgia
28 8 8 Raulerson, Frankey
11 F M Georgia
29 8 8 Raulerson, Forty S** Warren 10 M M Georgia
30 8 8 Raulerson, John D Coy
7 M M
Georgia
31 8 8 Raulerson, Polly Ann
5 F M Georgia
32 8 8 Raulerson, Peggy
2 F M Georgia
33 8 8 Raulerson, Martha Jane 4/12 F M
This William Raulerson's father was Noel Raulerson (son of John Raulerson,
R.S.). Noel was mentioned in an affidavit in early Wayne County, Georgia. Captain William
Cone filed this affidavit in 1814 that he had known the mother of Noel, his brother
William, and their sister Fanny Rawlinson since she had nursed William and that she was a
fair, white skinned woman and that he also knew John Rawlinson and that he was said to be
their father. Capt. Cone was trying to get voting rights for William. Obviously their race
was being debated. Also, Noel's son, William, was listed in the 1860 Wayne Co., GA census
as race = 'M' (mulatto). John Raulerson's grandson David (1827-1911) was enlisted in the
C.S.A. and was described as 5'6" tall, black eyes, black hair, dark complexion.
Huxford Magazine, volume 13, page 348 has a note concerning this David Raulerson. It
states, "His grandmother, Eliz. Moore, said he was half Indian from Pitt County,
NC".
See Raulerson family at http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/Pettiford_Ridley.htm
16 12 12 Causey, James 46 M
Farmer 200 450 Georgia
17 12 12 Causey, Martha 34 F M Georgia
<----- maiden name = Martha Matilda Hatcher (Native American
ties)
18 12 12 Causey, Margarett 16 F Georgia X
19 12 12 Causey, Eliza 12 F
Georgia X
20 12 12 Causey, Jane 7
F Georgia
21 12 12 Causey, James 5 M
Georgia
22 12 12 Causey, Harriet 2 F
Georgia
See "Indian Jack" Hatcher family at http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/Grace_Hawley.htm
See Causey family at http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/Cane_Charity.htm
Note: Interestingly, this James Causey household and the previously listed
William Raulerson households were in the 1850 Wayne Co., GA census and neither Martha
Hatcher Causey nor her parents and siblings next door nor the William Raulerson family
were designated as Mulatto. I understand that the Hatcher family had Native American
ancestry. A couple of examples of more folks being designated as Mulatto in the later
census' for some reason. Perhaps it was just to the discretion of the census taker or
perhaps the government just started demanding a more accurate representation of the
population. As the Henry Todd household was the only Mulatto family in 1850 Wayne Co., GA
it makes me think it wasn't very accurate. I did notice that in 1850 the census taker
never marked 'W' for anyone, he just left the column blank except for HenryTodd, who was
later also listed as mulatto in 1860, except now Mary Todd is suddenly no longer a Mulatto
(see next entry).
38 88 88 Todd, Henry 47 M M Farming
Raising Turpentine 1,200 3,500 Florida
39 88 88 Todd, Mary E. 33 F Florida
14 148 145 Bugg, John F.
34 M M
Laborer 200 Georgia
15 148 145 Bugg, P. Astoria Lang 33 F M Florida <---
perhaps part of the Lang family?
16 148 145 Bugg, Martha
8 F M Florida
17 148 145 Bugg, Lucretia
4
F M Georgia
18 148 145 Bugg, John Stephen 2 M M
Georgia
19 148 145 Bugg, James Henry W. 1 M M Georgia .
20 148 145 Bugg, Martha
56
F M Georgia <--- Martha Revels, wife of Stephen
Bugg
Note: Martha Revels married Stephen Bugg 11/26/1825. I think this John F. is
their son. The Revels are
a large Lumbee Native American family of Robeson, NC with ties to other Native American
tribes as well.
See Bugg family at http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/Beverly_Byrd.htm
See Revell family at http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/Pettiford_Ridley.htm
32 122 121 Billopp, William W. 26 M Engineer (Civil)
Maryland
33 122 121 Harmon, Celia 48 F M
Cook 500 Georgia
See Harmon family at http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/Grace_Hawley.htm
30 143 140 Bryan, Samuel O. 52
M Farmer 3,000 35,000 South Carolina
31 143 140 Bryan, Georgianna 44 F
Florida
32 143 140 Stafford, Eliza Amanda 19 F
Georgia
33 143 140 Copeland, Harvey 35 M B
S. O Bryan Guardian Virginia
See Copeland family at http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/Church_Daven.htm
7 165 162 Smith, William S. 48 M Rail Road
Overseer 500 500 N. Carolina
8 165 162 Grant, Henry 45 M M
Mechanic Georgia
See Grant family at http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/Grace_Hawley.htm
1860 Pierce County, Georgia Census
The census taker left all the race entries blank so we'll never learn anything
from this one.
It is hard to know if everyone was considered white or if the census taker was just lazy.
1860 Ware County, Georgia Census
24 8 8 Holton, Nancy 59 F 1,000 3,150 Georgia
25 8 8 Holton, Martha A. 31 F Georgia
26 8 8 Holton, Tempy A. 27 F Georgia
27 8 8 Holton, Wm. C. 2 M M Georgia
28 8 8 Holton, Maske 2 M M Georgia
34 45 44 Driggers, Jeremiah 40 M Farmer 100 Georgia X(can read/write)
35 45 44 Driggers, Susan 33 F Georgia
36 45 44 Driggers, Emily 16 F Georgia X (in school)
37 45 44 Driggers, Jonas 12 M Georgia X (in school)
38 45 44 Driggers, Hiram 10 M Georgia X (in school)
39 45 44 Driggers, Bryant 8 M Georgia X (in school)
40 45 44 Driggers, Wiley H. 7 M M Georgia
1 45 44 Driggers, Mary E. 4 F Georgia
2 45 44 Driggers, Martha 4/12 F Georgia
3 45 44 Booth, Wm. B. 34 M Farmer 4,000 1,500 S. C.
4 45 44 Booth, Mazetta 23 F S. C.
5 45 44 Booth, Jesse N. C. 11 M Georgia X
6 45 44 Booth, Margaret A. B. 7 F Georgia X
7 45 44 Booth, William H. 4 M Georgia
8 45 44 Booth, Randal Mc. 2 M Georgia
9 45 44 Sapp, Margaret 18 F Florida
Note: I'm not sure why William B. Booth's family and Margaret Sapp were in Jeremiah
Driggers household.
See Driggers family: http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/Davis_Evans.htm
According to the PBS Frontline series, all with the name Driggers have a mixed-race
ancestry.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/secret/famous/drigger.html
15 257 258 Unis, Alexander 62 M M Farmer 400 500 Georgia
16 257 258 Unis, Sophia 45 F N.C. X
17 257 258 Pitman, Artes 14 M Georgia
18 257 258 Young, Mary 4 F Georgia
37 295 296 Fullwood, James 73 M Farmer 6,500 20,800 N. C.
38 295 296 Fullwood, Mary 55 F N. C. X
39 295 296 Henderson, Nancy 91 F N. C.
40 295 296 Davis, Wm. 75 M S. C.
1 295 296 Henderson, William 26 M Farmer 121 Georgia
2 295 296 Padged, Henry 56 M M Macanic S. C.
X
1790 Robeson County, North Carolina Census (Major migration source for
Southeast Georgia)
Nonwhite
and Slave households
1850 Duval County, Florida Census
Slave Schedule
1870 Duval County, Florida Census
African
Americans