1. The National Judiciary was created because of the different cases that involved people from the different states.

 

2. The federal courts have jurisdiction because of an interpretation and application of the Constitution or a statue or treaty, or a question of admiralty, o a case involving the United States or its officers, or an ambassador, consul or representative or a State suing another State.

 

3. The way that the judges are selected keeps the independence of the branch because it kind of makes them different from the other branches.  Because there are not rally any terms this kind of keeps the judiciary branch from being corrupt.  The salary that the judges gets also provides for the independence of the branch by having the Congress decide on the salary.

 

4. The inferior courts are the courts that have less power than Supreme Court.  They are not really worse off; they just have the lesser power.

 

5. The inferior courts are supposed to basically break down all the cases and separate them into smaller easier parts so that not everyone is going to the Supreme Courts.  It is helpful to have many judges, so the more there are the fewer cases the judges have to go through.

 

6. The district courts are basically there so that there is less going to the higher courts.  They must be the first courts, or the principle courts before one would go to a court of appeal or a higher court.

 

7. The Supreme Court’s exercise of the judicial power is significant because they are basically the top court.  They are like the final decision of the case.  This makes them the authority meaning of the Constitution.

 

8. The Supreme Court hears two different classes of cases.  These cases are those where the State is a party or cases that affect ambassadors, public ministers, and consuls.  They get there by having 4 of the judges on the Supreme Court agreeing to hear it.

 

9. This is important because these would basically represent the decision of the rest of the cases that are similar to that one.

 

10. Once the Supreme Court has decided to hear the case, there is an oral argument which is where the lawyers from both sides comes and gives their case.  After that Briefs are written which are the detailed statements that support the sides of the case.  Next comes in the Solicitor General who is the principal officer in the Department of Justice.  He represents the cases that represent the United States.  The Conference is where the justices meet in a conference room and consider the cases they have after hearing the oral argument.  Next the opinions of the courts comes out and this decides how they would rule other cases similar to it.

 

11. The special courts are the courts that are there to hear cases that involve a few of the subjects that are the expressed powers of the Congress. 

 

12. They have a “narrow jurisdiction” because they do not have all the powers of the other courts that are the power of the United States.

 

13. The United States Tax Court would hear the cases involving the dispute between a person and his/her tax returns.