During Undergraduation, I also designed an edible vaccine for the
course paper "Entrepreneurship Development", where all steps
involved in setting up a Biotechnology venture such as market survey,
extent of market, location, availability of materials and financial
estimates and returns on investment were worked out. Although much has
been achieved in this particular direction I am happy to mention (I
don't have any proof) that I had conceived the idea without any knowledge
of the research work done in the field.
WONDERVAC-The Herpes Vaccine
Unravel Biotech Limited
Submitted on 8-11-1997
Introduction:
Herpes simplex virus(HSV;type1=HSV1;type2=HSV2) has been implicated
as a cancer causing agent. It is known to have common roles in causing
sexually transmitted diseases, severe eye infections and encephalitis.
A vaccine has been designed against HSV2 infections using recombinant
DNA technology. The gene encoding the vaccine has been cloned into the
native Karpooravalli banana (Musa spp.). The banana variety will thus
make the vaccine by expression of the cloned vaccine gene. The vaccine
is a short peptide which is easily absorbed into blood (vascular system)just
like oral vaccines.
Technology:
The coding region for the yeast transposon, Ty particle protein p1 is
ligated with the gene encoding the HSV2 viral envelope protein(antigenic
determinant) and the reporter gus gene. This hybrid construct is transferred
into Karpooravalli plantlets by microprojectile bombardment. Fruit specific
enzyme tagging is ensured. Another method for the transfer of the construct,
which is currently under trial, is the direct gene transfer into protoplasts,
which can then be regenerated into whole viable plants. The recombinants
are selected on the basis of a blue coloration, which is obtained as
a result of the cleavage reaction of b-D-glucuronidase on the substrate,
5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl b-D-glucuronide.
Highlights:
§ The vaccine is biologically preserved by its nature of remaining
embedded in the fruit.
§ It is stable for approximately ten days.
§ Transportation at room temperature is easy and no special storage
is required.
§ Administration is novel and unbelievably simple-JUST EAT IT
This attempt enabled me to discover a new potential within me.
Prof. Jayaraman.G from the A.L.Mudaliar PG Institute of Basic Medical
Sciences helped me with the following doubts I had:
How can the protein be protected such that it is not degraded by proteolytic
enzymes?
At what intervals must another dose be given?
How long will it remain effective?