QUESTIONS
(1)
What’s a PC bottleneck?
(2)
What’s meant by cold boot?
(3)
What’s meant by warm boot?
(4)
What’s access time?
(5) i) What does API stand for?
ii) What’s the purpose of API?
(6) i) What does APM stand for?
ii) What’s the reason to introduce this?
(7) What’s the purpose of ASCII?
(8)What is Asynchronous memory?
(9)
What’s average
seek time?
(10)
What’re
bad sectors?
(11)
i) What’s a batch file?
ii)
Give an example.
(12)
What’s a boot record?
(13)
What’s meant by a Brownout?
(14)
What’s a buffer?
(15)
i) What is L1 cache?
ii) What is L2 cache?
(16)
What’s CHS mode?
(17)
i)
What’s a command interpreter?
ii) Give two examples
(18)
What’s
the purpose of the Config.sys file?
(19)
What’s
a crash?
(20)
i) What
does CRC stand for?
ii) What’s its purpose?
(21)
What is a
data bus?
(22)
Name
three types of backups
(23)
What’s
a directory?
(24)
i) What
does DLL stand for?
ii) What is its purpose?
(25)
i) What does ECC stand for?
ii) What’s its purpose?
(26)
What’s happening when formatting a disk?
(27)
i)
What’s fragmentation?
ii) Give two disadvantages of fragmentation
(28)
What ‘s
HMA? Which part of the memory is belonging to this area?
(29)
i)
What’s vertical scan rate?
ii) Give another name for vertical scan
rate
(30)
What’s
an INF file?
(31)
What’s
a VXD file?
(32)
What’s
an interface?
(33)
What’s
meant by latency of a hard disk?
(34)
What does
LBA stand for? What’s its purpose?
(35)
What’s
a logical drive?
(36)
What’s
low level formatting?
(37)
What’s
a memory resident program? What’s the feature of these programs?
(38)
What’s
overclocking?
(39)
What’s
meant by Parity?
(40)
What’s
a partition?
(41)
What’s
a park program?
(42)
What’s
PIO mode?
(43)
What does
POST Stand for? What is its purpose?
(44)
What does
meant by a shell? Give an example.
(45)
What’re
TSRs?
(46)
What’s
an VFAT?
(47)
What’s
meant by write-protected?
(48)
What’s
known by ZBR? What’s its purpose?
(49)
What’re
lost clusters?
(50)
Why
cross-linked files ate created?
(51)
What’s
the root directory?
(52)
What’s
the purpose of VCACHE?
(53)
What does
meant by a File Allocation Table?
(54)
What is
Enhanced BIOS?
(55)
i) Give a
disadvantage of software cache
ii) Give a disadvantage of
hardware cache
(56)
What’s
a folder?
(57)
i) What
does EPP stand for?
ii) What’s its purpose?
(58)
What’s
meant by parallel transmission?
(59)
i) What
is meant by MBR?
ii) What are the contents of if
(at least four)
(60)
i) Give
another name for DBR.
ii) Where on the hard disk the
DBR is located?
(61)
What’s
the purpose of writeprecompensation?
(62)
What does
ECP stands for?
(63)
What’s
meant by disaster protection?
(64)
What’s
meant by a computer disaster?
(65)
What is
RAID? What are the three types of RAID?
(66)
What does
SCSI stand for? Give two advantages of SCSI technology.
(67)
What’s
disk mirroring? What’s
a disadvantage of it?
(68)
All MBRs
are however the same whether or not the disk is bootable. (True/False)
(69)
FDISK
first creates logical drive (T/F)
(70)
When doe
the message “Track 0 bad, disk not usable” appear. What’s the possible
solution for this?
(71)
What’re
the four types of system resources?
(72)
What does
BASIC stand for?
(73)
What’re
three types of viruses?
(74)
What’s
fault tolerance?
Answers:
1.
A bottleneck is anywhere in the PC where data processing might be slowed,
such as having an older or slower hard disk or memory.
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2.
Starting
or restarting the computer by resetting or turning on the power supply.
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3.
Rebooting a system by means of a software command rather than turning the power
off and then back on.
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4.
The time that elapses from the instant information is requested to the point
that delivery is completed.
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5.
I) Application Programming Interface
II)
API is a routine that gives programmers access to the services provided by the
O/S.
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6.
I) Advanced
Power Management
II) APM
is a specification proposed to extend the life of batteries in battery-powered
computers.
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7.
ASCII
uses 8 bits to represent a character. 7 bits make up the byte plus one check bit
is included in it.
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8.
Memory
that runs using a different timing or clock rate than the motherboard speed.
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9.
The average amount of time it takes to move heads from one random
cylinder to another.
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10.
Disk sectors that can’t hold data reliably because of a media flow or
damaged format markings.
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11.
A file that’s used to store set of commands that are to be executed by
the O/S. E.g. Autoexec.bat
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12.
The first sector on a herd disk or partition that contain disk parameter
information for the BIOS and O/S that instructs the system how to load the o/s
files into the memory.
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13.
An AC supply voltage drop in which the power does not shut off entirely
but continues to be supplied at lower than the normal level.
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14.
A block of memory used as a holding trunk to store data temporary.
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15.
I) A memory cache that’s built into the CPU
core. II) A
second-level memory cache that’s external to the processor core.
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16.
CHS mode is the method that BIOS reads from and writes to hard disks by
addressing the correct cylinder, head and sector.
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17.
I) The O/S that controls a
computer’s shell or user interface
II) E.g. for MS-DOS,
COMMAND.COM and for WINDOWS, WIN.COM
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18.
This file tells DOS how to configure itself when
the machine starts up.
Used to load device drivers, number of DOS buffers,.. Etc.
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19.
A malfunction that brings work to halt. Created by software malfunction.
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20.
I) Cyclic Redundancy Check
II)
CRC is an error detection technique consisting of cyclic algorithms
performed on each block or frame of data
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21.
The connection that transmits data between processor and rest of the
system.
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22.
Full backup, Differential backup, Incremental backup
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23.
Directory is an O/S table that contains file information such as name,
size, time created and date of last modification.
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24.
I) Dynamic Link Library
II) DLL file is an executable driver program module for Windows that can
be loaded on demand and linked in at runtime and unloaded when the driver is no
longer needed.
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25.
I) Error Checking (or Correcting)
Code
II) ECC is a type of system memory
or cache that’s capable of detecting and correcting some type of memory errors
without interrupting processing
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26.
Create the tracks and sectors, Creates the MBR, Creates two copies of the
FAT , Creates the root directory
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27.
I) The state of having a file scattered around a disk in pieces rather
than existing in one contiguous area of the disk
II)
Files are not recoverable if the FAT or directory becomes damaged, files take
long time to load
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28.
High Memory Area. The first 64K of extended memory.
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29.
I) The rate at which the electron gun in a monitor scan or refreshes the
entire screen eachsecond.
II) Refresh rate
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30.
A Windows driver and information file used to install
new drivers or
services.
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31.
Virtual Device Driver is a special windows driver. Run at most privileged CPU
mode and allow low-level interaction with the hardware and internal Windows
functions.
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32.
A
communication device or protocol that enables one device to communicate with
another.
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33.
The
amount of time required for a disk drive to rotate half of a revolution.
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34.
Logical
Block Addressing. This method is used to recognize divers that are larger than
528MB.
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35.
A drive
as named by a DOS drive specified such as c: or d:
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36.
Formatting
that divides tracks into sectors on the platter surfaces of a hard disk.
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37.
A program
that remains in memory after it has been loaded. It consumes memory that
otherwise might be used by application software.
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38.
The
process of running a processor at a speed faster then the marked speed.
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39.
A method
of error checking in which an extra bit is sent to the receiving device to
indicate whether odd or even number of binary 1 bits were transmitted.
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40.
A section
of a hard disk devoted to a particular O/S.
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41.
A program
that seeks to the highest cylinder or just past the highest cylinder of the
drivers so that potential of data loss is minimized if the drive is moved.
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42.
Programmed
Input Output mode is the standard data transfer mode used by IDE drives that
uses the processors registers for data transfer.
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43)
Power
On Self-Test. This is a series of tests run by the computer at power on. Most
computers scan and test many of their circuits and sound a beep.
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44)
The
generic name of any user interface software. E.g. Command.com for DOS.
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45)
TSR is a
program that remains in memory after being loaded, so these programs can be
reactivate by a predefined keystroke or sequence of other operation while
another program is active.
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46)
Virtual
File Allocation Table enables Windows to use 32-bit protected mode.
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47)
Preventing
a removable disk from being overwritten by means of covering a notch or
repositioning a sliding switch.
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48)
Zone Bit
Recording. ZBR is a method of sorting data on a hard disk whereby the drive can
have more sectors per track near the outside of the platter.
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49)
Lost
clusters are clusters that the FAT designates as being in use when they actually
are not.
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50)
Cross-linked
files occur when two directory entries improperly reference the same cluster in
their links to start cluster fields.
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51)
Root
directory is the main directory created when a hard disk or disk is first
formatted.
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52)
VCACHE hook into the BIOS
hard drive interrupt and intercept the read and write calls to the disk BIOS
from application programs and device drivers.
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53)
A table
held near the outer edge of a disk that tells which sectors are allocated to
each file and in what order.
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54)
This
is a newer BIOS that has been written to accommodate larger capacity gigabyte
drives
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55)
I) It
consumes the RAM that otherwise might be used for application software and data
II)
Since hardware cache is a permanent part of the hard disk controller, if a
faster software cache becomes available exchanging the hard disk to upgrade to a
faster hard disk cache is impractical.
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56)
In a GUI a container of documents and other folders.
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57)
I) Enhanced Parallel Port
II)
A type of parallel port developed to operate almost at ISA speed and increases
the throughput over conventional parallel port.
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58)
A method
of transferring data characters in which the bits travel down parallel
electrical paths simultaneously.
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59)
I) Master Boot Record
II) Bytes per sector, Size of the root directory, Sectors per cluster,
Number of FATs, Number of sectors, size of the FAT, Sectors per track, Number of
heads, Number of hidden sectors, Program to load the O/S.
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60)
I)
Boot Sector
II) Track 0, Side 0,
Sector 1
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61)
This speeds up the writing of data to the drive as the tracks become
smaller near the center of the platters.
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62)
Enhanced Capabilities Port.
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63)
The
efforts taken by support engineers to prevent of system failures
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64)
Any
significant occurrence that render the computer unable to work
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65)
Redundant
Array of Independent Disks. RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5
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66)
Small
Computer System Interface
Advantages
a) Each
SCSI drive has its own disk controller that can function independently from the
system CPU
b)
Portability of external devices.
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67)
Disk
mirroring is used to provide fault tolerance.
Here two hard disks are used to write the data. Data is written twice,
once to each hard drive.
The
disadvantages are
1)
Having two hard drives in the same computer is more expensive
2)
Disk writes slowed down because the data must be written twice
3)
Because the data is written twice, the hard drive capacity is cut in half
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68)
True
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69)
False
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70)
This
message is usually occurs when you attempt to format a floppy disk using the
wrong format type.
To
correct this
i. Make sure your format command is for the correct size disk
ii.If this occurs when you boot from the hard drive it is time to buy a new
hard drive.
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71)
IRQ channels, DMA channels, I/O port addresses, Memory addresses
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72)
Beginners
All purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
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73)
File viruses, Boot sector viruses, Macro viruses
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74)
The
ability of a computer or O/S to respond to a catastrophic event such as a hard
disk failure, power outage without loss of data.
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