Basic Facts

Official name

Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Capital

Islāmābād

Area

796,095 sq km

307,374 sq mi

People

Population

150,694,740 (2003 estimate)

Population growth

Population growth rate

2.01 percent (2003 estimate)

Projected population in 2025

213,338,252 (2025 estimate)

Projected population in 2050

267,813,495 (2050 estimate)

Population density

189 persons per sq km (2003 estimate)

490 persons per sq mi (2003 estimate)

Urban/rural distribution

Share urban

33 percent (2001 estimate)

Share rural

67 percent (2001 estimate)

Largest cities, with population

Karāchi

9,269,265 (1998)

Lahore

5,063,499 (1998)

Faisalābād

1,977,246 (1998)

Rāwalpindi

1,406,214 (1998)

Hyderābād

1,151,274 (1998)

Linguistic and Ethnic groups

Punjabi

48 percent

Pashtun

13 percent

Sindhi

12 percent

Saraiki

10 percent

Urdu

8 percent

Other

9 percent

Languages

Urdu (official), English (commonly used), Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Balochi, Saraiki

Religious affiliations

Sunni Muslim

77 percent

Shia Muslim

20 percent

Christian, Hindu, and other

3 percent

Health and Education

Life expectancy

Total

62.2 years (2003 estimate)

Female

63.1 years (2003 estimate)

Male

61.3 years (2003 estimate)

Infant mortality rate

77 deaths per 1,000 live births (2003 estimate)

Population per physician

2,703 people (1999)

Population per hospital bed

1,535 people (1993)

Literacy rate

Total

45.7 percent (2003 estimate)

Female

30.6 percent (2003 estimate)

Male

59.8 percent (2003 estimate)

Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP)

2.7 percent (1998-1999)

Number of years of compulsory schooling

5 years (2000)

Number of students per teacher, primary school

55 students per teacher (1999-2000)

Government

Form of government

Republic

Head of state

President

Head of government

Prime minister

Legislature

Bicameral legislature

National Assembly: 342 members

Senate: 87 members

Voting qualifications

Universal at age 21*

*Voting age lowered to 18 years for 2002 elections.

Constitution

10 April 1973; suspended 5 July 1977; restored 30 December 1985; suspended October 1999; revived in November 2002

Highest court

Supreme Court

Armed forces

Army, Navy, Air Force

Total number of military personnel

620,000 (2001)

Military expenditures as a share of gross domestic product (GDP)

4.4 percent (2001)

First-level political divisions

Four provinces, two federally administered areas, and the Federal Capital Territory of Islāmābād

Economy

Gross domestic product (GDP, in U.S.$)

$59 billion (2001)

GDP per capita (U.S.$)

$410 (2001)

GDP by economic sector

Agriculture, forestry, fishing

25 percent (2001)

Industry

22.9 percent (2001)

Services

52.1 percent (2001)

Employment

Number of workers

53,482,303 (2001)

Workforce share of economic sector

Agriculture, forestry, fishing

47 percent (1999)

Industry

17 percent (1999)

Services

36 percent (1999)

Unemployment rate

5.9 percent (2000)

National budget (U.S.$)

Total revenue

$9,903 million (2000)

Total expenditure

$13,526 million (2000)

Monetary unit

1 Pakistani rupee (PRe), consisting of 100 paisa

Agriculture

Sugarcane, wheat, rice, cotton lint, corn, livestock

Mining

Petroleum, limestone, rock salt, gypsum, silica sand, natural gas, coal

Manufacturing

Textiles, food products, petroleum products, consumer goods, fertilizers, chemicals, cement

Major exports

Cotton clothing, thread, and textiles; raw cotton and rice; petroleum, leather, and fish products

Major imports

Machinery, electrical goods, petroleum products, transportation equipment, metals and metal products, fertilizer, foodstuffs

Major trade partners for exports

United States, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Hong Kong SAR, and Germany

Major trade partners for imports

Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, United States, and Japan

Energy, Communications, and Transportation

Electricity production

Electricity from thermal sources

68.85 percent (2001 estimate)

Electricity from hydroelectric sources

28.20 percent (2001 estimate)

Electricity from nuclear sources

2.96 percent (2001 estimate)

Electricity from geothermal, solar, and wind sources

0 percent (2001 estimate)

Number of radios per 1,000 people

94 (1997)

Number of telephones per 1,000 people

23 (2001)

Number of televisions per 1,000 people

131 (2000 estimate)

Number of Internet hosts per 10,000 people

0.78 (2001)

Daily newspaper circulation per 1,000 people

40 (1999)

Number of motor vehicles per 1,000 people

8.5 (1999)

Paved road as a share of total roads

43 percent (1999)