Jadeite is not the only form of Jade. The amphibole mineral Nephrite also has a gem form of Jade. On a gemological standpoint, all tough masses of Jadeite and Nephrite are called Jade. Jadeite Jade and Nephrite Jade are almost identical, and it may be very difficult to distinguish the two. In fact, they were thought to be one mineral until 1863, when it was discovered that they are scientifically different minerals.

Jadeite Jade is rarer and more valuable than Nephrite Jade. The most common color for both forms of Jade is pale green. Emerald-green Jade, known as "Imperial Jade", is the most valuable form of Jade.