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Details Description of Paddy
Penulis: Radna Safitri
Paddy is the most important plant in our country. It is because paddy can produce rice as our main food. The word “paddy” comes from Malay, meaning simply “rice”. Paddy has the biology name as Oryza sativa. It is part of Poaceae family. Paddy can grow in low land area of rice-field. We can find this plant not only in Indonesia, but also it can grow in Malaysia, Cina, Thailand , India , Vietnam and other countries in Asian continent which has the same ecological soil and weather like in our country. Paddy is a plant just like grasses in clumps. Paddy plantation comes from Asian continent and west African subtropical and tropical area. Paddy plantation sometimes attack by insects, for example mouse, grasshopper, locust, and etc.
Paddy has their own structural part. Paddy include in monocotyledons. It means paddy has single cotyledon in the seed. When it bud, the seed does not split. The leaf of paddy veins are long and parallel. Also, it has fibrous root system. The fibrous root system has many slim roots of the same dimension which spread to every direction and become secondary roots. The characteristic of stem is paddy has stem with no branches. The segments and joints of stem appear clearly. The dimension of the stem from the beginning to the end is almost the same. Usually the stem and the root has no cambium, so there is no secondary growth (can not grow bigger) but the location of vascular bundle in the stem enlarges. The other characteristic, the number of flower parts is three or its multiples. The flower is compound and has small size. Its stigma feather shape. The anther is big, the filament is long and shooting out making it easily shaken by the win. Also, the pollens are small, light, dry and many so they are easily flown by the wind.
Paddy does the reproduction process by the pollination. Pollination is the event of sticking (falling) pollen grain to stigma. Paddy pollination sometimes helped by the wind. It is called as Anemogamy. When the wind comes both of anther and pollen will flow, they landing into other anther or pollen in different paddy-tree in an area. The product of this pollination is the grain. This grain is the main product of rice.
The growth of the paddy is only 4 months. In the third of month paddy tress produce the grain as the product of the pollination. This grain is material of rice. Rice is the main food in some countries. One of the example is in Indonesia. Rice is the food which supply the energy sources for our body. It contain high amount of carbohydrate. Carbohydate also has the function as the structural component of organels and other cells.
some countries in the world has huge rice plantation. Those countries become the supplyer of rice. They export their rice to other countries. Thailand is the first country which has the highest amount of paddy to do export activity. It is arround 26% of the total paddy that they sell in global market.
