I. The Great Liberation
a. The Cold War brought many colonial uprisings for freedom and many nations gave in because their efforts were exhausted following the war.
b. Nearly 100 new countries emerged during the Cold War and this time became known as the developing world.
c. Most of these nations prospered and joined the UN.
II. The Cold War Goes Global
a. Many nations didn�t want to interfere with the superpower nations so they stayed nonaligned.
b. The Superpowers confronted eachother through other nations rather than head to head.
c. The Cold War ended in 1991 when the Soviet Union collapsed.
III. New nations Seek Stability
a. While new nations were developing, borders were shifting, cultures merged, and conflict arose.
b. The new nations wrote constitutions similar to those of the western democracies.
c. Democracy ideals spread and nations that were once ruled by dictators, moved to multi-party elections.
IV. The Shrinking Globe
a. Transportation and communication systems have made the world invreasingly interdependent.
b. Th eUN played a huge role in decolonization and has tried to make peace in many nations.
c. Many nations formed regional groups to promote trade or to meet other common needs.
V. Enduring Issues
a. Many nations signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and an arms race was still continuing.
b. Terrorism rose in many nations and they tried to force governments to give in to their demands.
c. The UN approced the Universal Delclaration of Human Rights which stated everyone had the right to life, liberty, and the security of a person.
VI. The Global North and South: Two Worlds of Development
a. The cld war made a split between the communist East and capitalist West.
b. Nations were split into rich and poor nations and the gap between rich and poor continued to grow.
c. The inbalance creaded resentment and led to the migration of many people from poor to wealthy countries.
VIII. Economic Interdependence
IX. Economic Development and the Environment
a. Nations were continuously expanding and growing in technology and scince, yet these advancements had to come at a price.
b. The environment was greatly affected by the new developments.
c. Acid rain was formed and often the rich nations produced the most pollution due to their extreme use of resources.
X. The Village: Continuity and Change
a. A village is a group of houses built out of stones, bricks or sticks and held together with mud.
b. The Villages were subject to change during these times and were greatly affected by urbanization.
c. Many developments were good and beneficial, yet they also left a mark on the old traditional society.
XI. Old Ways and New
a. Since the Industrial Revolution many cities have grown and unbanization and westernization have become a wide-spread practice.
b. Westernization was happening all over the globe, people were adapting to new traits and fashions.
c. The liberation theology was made to urge the Church to oppose the social conditions that were leading to poverty.
XII. New Rights and Roles for Women
a. Many new women�s movements were taking shape and were taking ideas from western cultures.
b. More and more women were working outside of the home and even began to attend school.
c. Women eventually had many more rights and were involved in the and with the world.
XIII. Science and Technology
a. Science and Technology were greatly shifting and reforming during these times.
b. The Space Age began and in the race to send the first satellite into space, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik.
c. The computer and other technological resources were also becoming better and more widely spread.
XIV. A new International Culture
a. Communication greatly improved and nations were able to communicate on higher levels.
b. The United States was the leading nation in these new cultures and ideals by other nations trying to westernize.
c. There was a spark in the interest of the arts and more attention was payed to national heritage and culture.
XV. Looking Ahead
a. Many new trends that were coming forth during these times molded the world into what it is like today.
b. New conflicts and confusion are always coming about but with the help of new advancements many weill be able to be solved.
c. In many nations the people are taking an interest in the new technological advancements.
XVI. The Cold War in Europe
a. The Cold War divided Europe into a separated nation.
b. This separated nation consisted of two aggressive and harsh military alliances during the Cold War.
c. Gorbachev became the new leader and he tried to loosen the grip that the Soviet Union had on Eastern Europe.
XVII. Recovery and Growth in Western Europe
a. As the years went on, many European nations were recovering from the brutal WWI.
b. The leftists wanted to make a government which would be like a capitalist economy yet would take a greater responsibility for the needs of its people.
c. New jobs became available yet they were in the service industries which would provide service rather than product.
XVIII. Toward European Unity
a. European nations were finally recovering from WWII and were able to cooperate and negotiate one with another.
b. Many of these nations formed the Common Market which was made to expand free trade.
c. The economy in Europe became stronger and were reforming their currency and policies.
XIX. Social Trends
a. Social changes were greatly changing during these times as cultures began to merge with one another.
b. Many immigrans from other continents were settling in Europe due to their strong economy and rich ideals.
c. Women and other minorities were gradually making progress towards gaining more rights.
XX. Britain: Government and the Economy
a. WWII left many nations in an economic downfall and an utter destruction to the nation itself.
b. During the Cold War Britain was trying to pull itself out of the downfall.
c. Britain lost control of their empire and eventually gave up leadership to the United States.
XXI. France: Revival and Prosperity
a. France was also a nation of Europe that was greatly weakened by the effects of WWII.
b. Nationalists in the French colonies began to oppose the French military and visa versa.
c. France�s industries grew and social benefits were extended.
XXII. Germany: Reunited at Last
a. Germany finally began to reunite and pull itself after the desperation that was left after WWII.
b. The US tried to aid Germany during the Cold War rather than oppose it as its enemy.
c. The decline of communism allowed the Soviet Union and Germany make unity attempts.
XXIII. Other Democratic Nations of the West
a. Other nations across the globe were recovering as well.
b. Following the war, Italy was still very separated economically and tried to regain its once-strong economy.
c. Many nations began to make strong economic comebacks including Greece, Italy, the US, Spain, and others.
XXIV. The United States and the Cold War
a. At the opening of the Cold War, the US was the most stable and was the only country to posses the atomic bmb.
b. Many US citizens became paranoid of other nations and began to suspect the Soviet Union of espionage.
c. Governmetns began to change their national deficit to gain more money.
XXV. Economy and the Role of Government
a. Many countries in Europe were destroyed by the war but the US seemed to be unchanged.
b. The US kept growing and soon became the most stable and wealthy industrial power.
c. The Government started the reform their national deficit to make more money for the nation.
XXVI. The Civil Rights Movement
a. The US seemed to be quite peaceful although meny major changes were occurring.
b. The Civil Rights Movement began headed by MLK and many African Americans were trying to take steps to gaining more rights and equality.
c. The African Americans began to make a Civil Rights Movement to gain more rights as citizens.
XXVII. The United States and the Global Economy
a. After the war, the US grew and profited a big deal from the growing world economy.
b. The US�s industries were growing yet they faced competition by other nations industries as well.
c. The US surpassed most others and stayed a rich nation and a gathering center from many immigrants.
XXVIII. Postwar Canada
a. Both Canada and the US were a magnet for immigrants across the globe.
b. Canada was also one of the world greatest industrial and economic leaders in the world.
c. Canada was pretty well off following the war partly due to their rich oil resources in their land.
XXIX. Stalin�s Successors
a. Following World War II, the Soviet Union came to be one of the world�s superpowers.
b. Krushchev became the Soviets new leader after Stalin and did not agree with the steps that Stalin had made.
c. In response he denounced Stalin�s actions, yet did not solve the Soviets economic difficulties.
XXX. The Soviet Economy
a. Following Wwi Stalin tried to solve problems and rebuild industries by using materials taken from Germany.
b. The Soviet Union won the space race to launch the first satellite into orbit, this satellite is known as Sputnik.
c. The Soviet�s economic problems were still a difficult task to solve that many leaders were faced with.
XXXI. Foreign Policy Issues
a. Stalin and other leaders of the Soviet Union were taking control over other European areas.
b. Nations began to form their own independece and merge away from the colonial rule that had once grasped them.
c. The Soviet Union provided supplies, military aid, as well as economic aid.
XXXII. Collapse of the Soviet Empire
a. During the Cold War, Gorbachev tried to solve some of the world�s conflicts and tensions by forming new policies.
b. Gorbachev called for glasnost which means an openness to end censorship and encouraged people to speak their opinions.
c. He also called for perestroika which was to reform the government and economy of the nation.
XXXIII. The Russian Republic
a. Russia was the largest republic following the cold war in size as well as the number of people.
b. Russia had dominated over the Societ Union for many years.
c. They tried to make a constitution, yet they didn�t have any democratic ideals included.
XXXIV. The Other Republics
a. Similar to Russia, the Soviet Union�s new nation tried to make a stable government and economy.
b. The new nations also tried to make their economy good by switching their economic pattern.
c. This economic switch was to use more market economics.
XXXV. In the Soviet Orbit
a. The Soviet Union armies still continued to patrol many areas of Euope.
b. The Communist groups tried to destroy rivals and enemies and they also protested against religion.
c. The soviet Union began to be more controlling and stern on the satellites it controlled.
XXXVI. Poland�s Struggle Toward Democracy
a. As the Soviet tried to tighten its grip on the satellites it became evident that Poland was going to be a problem.
b. At Gdansk many economic difficulties were started due to the shipyard workers going on strike.
c. Gorbachec announced that he would not be interfering any more in Eastern Europe.
XXXVII. Revolution and Freedom
a. A strong democratic movement began to spread through all of Eastern Europe very quickly.
b. These European nations began to try and form stable governments as well as free-market economies.
c. These nations also began to westernize and turned to reforms and negotiations of peace rather than war.
XXXVIII. War Comes to Sarajevo
a. The city of Sarjevo became the center of the Cold War.
b. Sarajevo was directly affected by the war and the environment and conditions became extreme.
c. Many tried to flee as refugees to other nations as the war continued.
XXXIX. Looking Ahead
a. The US continued to become stronger and brought the warning parties towards Ohio.
b. Western powers continued to grow in the years following the Cold War era.
c. Bosnia became a target of the power of the western powers and later people were punished for their crimes taken in Bosnia.