;.l1,6,60,66,1,0,10,75,192,4,15,20,25,127,10,0,
;.l2,15,75,192,2,20,25,127,15,0,
;.l3,20,75,192,2,25,127,20,0,
.h2, =amp21520  --  AMDUR, MIYN GEBOIRN-ShtEtL

INPUT OF TRANSLATION OF AMDUR MI PUEBLO NATALE, pp215-20]
{Start ms. p6}
AMDURER "NAtShALtsVVA" [Natshaltsva] (Government authorities)

THE GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES IN AMDUR
              
During the entire time I can remember, Amdur had only one singlepolice officer and that was the {Yid: "AORADNIQ" [oradanik]constable --  a sort of sergeant who had the shtetl and itssurroundings under his jurisdiction.  There was also a {Yid:stARAstVVA" [starastva]} for the {Yid: "MIEShtShaNEs" [mieshtshanes]} -- GOIYShE AIYNVVUINERE [goyishe oinvineres, gentileenvirons ] --  and a Jewish {Yid: "DEsIAtNIQ [desyatnik]} or {Yid:"SAtsQE" [sotskeh] meaning a supervisor over ten or 
{end text p215}
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{start text p216}

one hundred.  All these posts were of village  {Yid: DARFIShN} 
l2
[TR: Provincial?]
l3
{I assume the distinction here is between shtetl andGubornia - sa}
l1
character with very few exceptions {Yid: a kleinem aoinem -- asmall exception?} , the {Yid: AORADiNIK -- analogous to mod. heb. orach din, lawyer? } "constable" was a certain {Yid: stRIs -- aperson's name?}  a {Yid: GOI [goy] 
l2
[TR: major????],  
l1
who could hardly sign his name and was over 40 years the Amdurgovernor {Yid: MOShL} ; he spoke {Yid: GEREDt} Yiddish and wouldsay about himself "The {Yid: ERL} understands the language."  

l2
{Glossary:  Yid: ERL . Don't know.  Apparently constable. Cf. English, Earl; but also Cf. Yiddish, erlich, honest. }
l1

l2
{BUT Yid:  "DER ERL AIN MevIN B-LaShON" -- The Earl doesnot?? understand of?? [sic] language"] ??}
l1

He also knew the taste of Jewish blows.  When he {Yid: BALEstIQt,balestikt} bothered? several times certain Amdur thieves {Yid:GaNovIM} , they thrust a sack over his head in the middle of thenight and cudgled {Yid: geshlagen MaKOT-RaTzaCh} him with stones. He knew who they were, but he kept quiet , because he know onlytoo well that he couldn't really {Yid: VVEt VVINiTzIQ} do a thingagainst them {Yid: bei di Amdurer shlegers}


	Sunday, when all the goyim would come into town from thesurrounding villages {fun di derfer ain shtat} to go to church{Yid: TzERQVVE, tzerkve} or the cloister {Yid: QLOIster, kloister}
stores had to be closed for the day {Yid: LKoL-HaPaChOt} or atleast half day.  Nu, 
l2
{Glossary: Nu.  Untranslateable.  TR translated it: Now. }
l1

and what do you do when no money can be made off your clientsunless you go into the cloister with them?  Amdur's Jews had asolution {Yid: ETzeH}:  Just turn to stRUsN [Constable Strus]{Yid: Efes hat man dAod tzu tan mit stRUsN ..... {eo TR} and withtwo pounds {Yid: PUNt} of sugar cubes for a present {Yid: M-TaNaH}everything is fine and dandy.  {Yid: Altz KoSheR OiSheR} .  {endms. p6}

	When Jews would get into a fistfight with non-Jews and thelatter would leave with broken {Yid: TzeShPALtENE} heads, no Jewever would go to jail {Yid: "ZiTzN"}
l2
{Curiously, I heard, in English translation, a similar termused for jail, at a military base, when I came to Israel in1984:  "to sit inside" -sa}
l1

  To say that the Amdur Jews were suppressed by the non-Jews {Yid:GEVVEN AIN GLUt BIY DI GOYIM}  is very far from the truth;actually the Jews were in a stronger position than the non-Jews. That was so until the pogroms of 1905.  Then a different regimetook over.  

	Amdur belonged to the {Yid: RAIAN} KRINIQ-BERRstAVVITz-AMDURregional council, which had a ( "stANAVVAI PRIstAVV" (QAMIsAR) }
Commisar whose residence was in the first of the above-mentionedtowns because many leather factories were located there whoemployed many workers and an eye had to be kept on them.  Irememmber well the last {Yid: PRIstAVV} Comissar,  whose name was{Yid: QIRQEVVItS Kirkevits }m  who would come {end text p216}
----------------------------------------------------------------
{start text p217}

to Amdur once a month, on Tuesday to Market [when it was Marketday] when the horse-dealers would arrive.  Goyim [ peasants] fromthe surrounding villages, horse-handlers from surrounding townstogether with various gypsies {YId: TzIGIYNeRs} with black beardsand {Yid: PIYERDIQE , piyerdike}
l2
{Glossary: Rus.(?): PIYERDIQE , piyerdike.  Don't know. 
l1

 ______ thieves {Yid: gonovishe} eyes.  The babble {Yid: KOLOt}reached the heavens; wheeling and dealing  this goes up, that goesdown, {Yid: Man dingt sich, man ampert sich}; horses rear andprance {Yid: tanTzeN} each one tries to cheat the other, ; thisone screams that the {Yid: GEQUIFtER , gekuifter -- nottranslated} horse [he bought] is blind on one eye, that oneshows?? {Yid: BAVVIYZT -- thinks?? } that the {Yid: PARQUIFtN --perfect?} horse he was sold had [[a]] been made to move soimpressively {Yid: AUNtERGELIYGEN ointergelegen} because a hotpotato {Yid: BULoVE} had been put under his tail; 
l2
{Is there a line or so not translated here?}
l1

but really it is just an old corieon??? {Yid: PADeLE} .... {eo} 
S dangerous fght ensues and everyone is in 
{end ms. p 29} {start ms. p 30}
uproar {Yid: BaHaLaH}.   In the middle of it comes KIRQEVVIts[Kirkewits] {Yid: Tzu LUIFN, running up??} riding on a fieryhorse, a whip {Yid: QANtShIQ, kantshik} in his hand, yelling withhis  {Yid: GRAVER GAMaVE} rough voice:  Rus: "tShtA tAQAIE:saVRANIE QANITzI ZDIEs?  [Tshta Takaie? Savranie kanitzi zdies?}"What's that?   " A rabble {Yid: PARZAMLZNG} because of a horse?" 
And right away he swings his whip over the heads of they gypsiesand peasants {YId: TzIGIYNERIShE AIN GUIYShE} , right andleft....{eo}   The latter {Yid: LETztE, last? hindmost?} cry, 
{Rus: "AUtshEQIYEM, TUt DLa NAs sMERt" [outshekiym, tut dla nassmert"]} "Let's run for our lives, he wants to kill us.'" --  Andthe marketplace empties out.  Kirkevits  never raised his handagainst a Jew, even the most miserable {Yid: sAME} Jewishdrunkards and a thieves.  One time it happened that a certainAmdur {Yid: BAVVOstER -- not translated} drunkard got into troubleon marketday in KRENIK and got into a bad fist-fight; 
l2
{Is there anything here that has not been translated?}
l1

Krikewits  arrived with two officers {Yid: AORADNIQEs oradnikes} and swung his stick {Yid: NAGIYQE nogiyke?} liberally, not at theAmdur Jew but at the Krinik gypsies {Yid: TzIGIYNERS }, yelling{Yid: AUIsShrIYENDIK, ouishriyendik} , {Rus: "Nie smiy, An samihindurski pianitza} "'Don't you dare, this is an honorable Amdurboozer {Yid: AIN DER AMtER Amdurer ShiKUR" 

	Amdurs' Jews used to say {Yid: plegn zagn} :  Kirkevits isnot a bad {Yid: ShRRaH} constable, but a violent death {Yid:MIteH-MShUNeH} on him, he won't let you keep a ShMEtNIK  
l2
[TR: I was not able to find a translation for this
? Possibly a club -- Cf. Harduf Shmetern, smash } ] 
l1
next to your house. .... {eo} Nu, it wasn't the worst  as far asreguations go{Yid: ShOIN AIYN MAL A GeZIReH!},!  
{end text p217}
-----------------------------------------------------------------
{start text p218}

Truth to tell the aforementioned constable {Yid: PRistAON,priston} busied himself much with {Rus. "tsIstAtA" [tsistata]}[hygiene and] (cleanliness) {Yid: rienikeit}  and was the first topave the main(?) {Yid: BRINQIRN di Amdurer HUiPtgAsn [brinkirin diAmdurer huiptgasen}  streets of Amdur.  May his name(?) get itsjust due -- through my memories {Yid: zakoronot} .  And also {Yid:VeGem CheRVNeH} should be mentioned for the good {Yid: zakor ltov} 
l2
[TR:  End of the Scroll of Esther, a measure?? helpful?? toJews is read with Khabora???]
l1
{end ms. p30}{start ms. p31}

{Section break in text}

My holy home-shtetle {Yid: GEBOIRN-Shtetele} !
May my recordings {Yid: PARTzIKENIShN,} be a memorial for you andthe life of your Jewish inhabitants {amalike yidishe oiynvuriners}who were murdured {Yid: omgebrokt} so brutally and cruelly by theapocalyptic AShMDAI
l2
[TR: {The name of the demon who} rules over the evil spirits]
l1
{end text p218}
END SECTION
----------------------------------------------------------------
text p219:  This is a full-page photograph of 29 men, allapparently middle-aged, clean-shaven, and bare-headed, all in tieand jacket, in a group photograph before palm trees.             
.a3
caption under photograph:
You see Yedidya Ephron, together with honored leaders of theArgentine Zionist Federation, among them:  Mordecai Rozovski,Yosef Lutzki, Yejev Branfman, Wolf Nikenzon, Nachman Gezang, Shmuel Rabinovits, Y. Shotlander, Yosef Mendelson, YitzchakKaplan, Benjamin Rinsky, Avraham Lutzky, and Yosef Groisman
l1
{end ms. p31}
