TAYLOR SERIES FOR FUNCTIONS log to base e = 2*{((X-1/X+1)^2N+1)/2N+1} X>0 exponent or e^x = (X^N)/N! arctangent = (-1^N)*(X^((2*N)+1))/((2*N)+1) sine = (-1^N)*(X^((2*N)+1))/((2*N)+1)! cosine = (-1^N)*(X^(2*N))/(2*N)!