ARMA virumque cano Troiae qui primus ab oris I sing of arms and the man he who exiled by fate Italiam fato profugus Laviniaque venit first came from the coast of Troy to Italy and to litora multum ille et terris iactatus et alto Lavinian shores Ä hurled about endlessly by land and sea vi superum saevae memorem Iunonis ob iram; by the will of the gods by cruel JunoÌs remorseless anger multa quoque et bello passus dum conderet urbem long suffering also in war until he founded a city inferretque deos Latio genus unde Latinum and brought his gods to Latium: from that the Latin people Albanique patres atque altae moenia Romae. came the lords of Alba Longa the walls of noble Rome. Muse tell me the cause: how was she offended in her divinity Musa mihi causas memora quo numine laeso how was she grieved the Queen of Heaven to drive a man quidve dolens regina deum tot volvere casus noted for virtue to endure such dangers to face so many insignem pietate virum tot adire labores trials? Can there be such anger in the minds of the gods? impulerit. Tantaene animis caelestibus irae? Urbs antiqua fuit Tyrii tenuere coloni There was an ancient city Carthage (held by colonists from Tyre) Karthago Italiam contra Tiberinaque longe opposite Italy and the far-off mouths of the Tiber ostia dives opum studiisque asperrima belli; rich in wealth and very savage in pursuit of war. quam Iuno fertur terris magis omnibus unam They say Juno loved this one land above all others posthabita coluisse Samo; hic illius arma even neglecting Samos: here were her weapons hic currus fuit; hoc regnum dea gentibus esse and her chariot even then the goddess worked at si qua fata sinant iam tum tenditque fovetque. and cherished the idea that it should have supremacy Progeniem sed enim Troiano a sanguine duci over the nations if only the fates allowed. audierat Tyrias olim quae verteret arces; Yet sheÌd heard of offspring derived from Trojan blood hinc populum late regem belloque superbum that would one day overthrow the Tyrian stronghold: venturum excidio Libyae: sic volvere Parcas. that from them a people would come wide-ruling Id metuens veterisque memor Saturnia belli and proud in war to LibyaÌs ruin: so the Fates ordained. prima quod ad Troiam pro caris gesserat Argis--- Fearing this and remembering the ancient war necdum etiam causae irarum saevique dolores she had fought before at Troy for her dear Argos exciderant animo: manet alta mente repostum (and the cause of her anger and bitter sorrows iudicium Paridis spretaeque iniuria formae had not yet passed from her mind: the distant judgement et genus invisum et rapti Ganymedis honores. of Paris stayed deep in her heart the injury to her scorned beauty His accensa super iactatos aequore toto her hatred of the race and abducted GanymedeÌs honours) Troas reliquias Danaum atque immitis Achilli the daughter of Saturn incited further by this arcebat longe Latio multosque per annos hurled the Trojans the Greeks and pitiless Achilles had left errabant acti fatis maria omnia circum. round the whole ocean keeping them far from Latium: Tantae molis erat Romanam condere gentem! they wandered for many years driven by fate over all the seas. Such an effort it was to found the Roman people. Vix e conspectu Siculae telluris in altum They were hardly out of sight of SicilyÌs isle in deeper water vela dabant laeti et spumas salis aere ruebant joyfully spreading sail bronze keel ploughing the brine cum Iuno aeternum servans sub pectore volnus when Juno nursing the eternal wound in her breast haec secum: 'Mene incepto desistere victam spoke to herself: ËAm I to abandon my purpose conquered nec posse Italia Teucrorum avertere regem? unable to turn the Teucrian king away from Italy! Quippe vetor fatis. Pallasne exurere classem Why the fates forbid it. WasnÌt Pallas able to burn Argivom atque ipsos potuit submergere ponto the Argive fleet to sink it in the sea because of the guilt unius ob noxam et furias Aiacis Oilei? and madness of one single man Ajax son of Oileus? Ipsa Iovis rapidum iaculata e nubibus ignem She herself hurled JupiterÌs swift fire from the clouds disiecitque rates evertitque aequora ventis scattered the ships and made the sea boil with storms: illum expirantem transfixo pectore flammas She caught him up in a water-spout as he breathed flame turbine corripuit scopuloque infixit acuto. from his pierced chest and pinned him to a sharp rock: Ast ego quae divom incedo regina Iovisque yet I who walk about as queen of the gods wife et soror et coniunx una cum gente tot annos and sister of Jove wage war on a whole race for so many years. bella gero! Et quisquam numen Iunonis adoret Indeed will anyone worship JunoÌs power from now on praeterea aut supplex aris imponet honorem?' or place offerings humbly on her altars?Ì Talia flammato secum dea corde volutans nimborum in patriam loca feta furentibus austris So debating with herself her heart inflamed the goddess Aeoliam venit. Hic vasto rex Aeolus antro came to Aeolia to the country of storms the place luctantes ventos tempestatesque sonoras of wild gales. Here in his vast cave King Aeolus imperio premit ac vinclis et carcere frenat. keeps the writhing winds and the roaring tempests Illi indignantes magno cum murmure montis under control curbs them with chains and imprisonment. circum claustra fremunt; celsa sedet Aeolus arce They moan angrily at the doors with a mountainÌs vast murmurs: sceptra tenens mollitque animos et temperat iras. Aeolus sits holding his sceptre in his high stronghold Ni faciat maria ac terras caelumque profundum softening their passions tempering their rage: if not quippe ferant rapidi secum verrantque per auras. theyÌd surely carry off seas and lands and the highest heavens Sed pater omnipotens speluncis abdidit atris with them in rapid flight and sweep them through the air. hoc metuens molemque et montis insuper altos But the all-powerful Father fearing this hid them imposuit regemque dedit qui foedere certo in dark caves and piled a high mountain mass over them et premere et laxas sciret dare iussus habenas. and gave them a king who by fixed agreement would know Ad quem tum Iuno supplex his vocibus usa est: how to give the order to tighten or slacken the reins. Juno now offered these words to him humbly: 'Aeole namque tibi divom pater atque hominum rex ËAeolus since the Father of gods and king of men et mulcere dedit fluctus et tollere vento gave you the power to quell and raise the waves with the winds gens inimica mihi Tyrrhenum navigat aequor there is a people I hate sailing the Tyrrhenian Sea Ilium in Italiam portans victosque Penates: bringing TroyÌs conquered gods to Italy: incute vim ventis submersasque obrue puppes Add power to the winds and sink their wrecked boats aut age diversos et disiice corpora ponto. or drive them apart and scatter their bodies over the sea. Sunt mihi bis septem praestanti corpore nymphae I have fourteen Nymphs of outstanding beauty: quarum quae forma pulcherrima Deiopea of whom IÌll name Deiopea the loveliest in looks conubio iungam stabili propriamque dicabo joined in eternal marriage and yours for ever so that omnis ut tecum meritis pro talibus annos for such service to me as yours sheÌll spend all her years exigat et pulchra faciat te prole parentem.' with you and make you the father of lovely children.Ì Aeolus replied: ËYour task O queen is to decide Aeolus haec contra: 'Tuus O regina quid optes what you wish: my duty is to fulfil your orders. explorare labor; mihi iussa capessere fas est. You brought about all this kingdom of mine the sceptre Tu mihi quodcumque hoc regni tu sceptra Iovemque JoveÌs favour you gave me a seat at the feasts of the gods concilias tu das epulis accumbere divom and you made me lord of the storms and the tempests.Ì nimborumque facis tempestatumque potentem.' Haec ubi dicta cavum conversa cuspide montem When he had spoken he reversed his trident and struck impulit in latus: ac venti velut agmine facto the hollow mountain on the side: and the winds formed ranks qua data porta ruunt et terras turbine perflant. rushed out by the door heÌd made and whirled across the earth. Incubuere mari totumque a sedibus imis They settle on the sea East and West wind una Eurusque Notusque ruunt creberque procellis and the wind from Africa together thick with storms Africus et vastos volvunt ad litora fluctus. stir it all from its furthest deeps and roll vast waves to shore: Insequitur clamorque virum stridorque rudentum. follows a cry of men and a creaking of cables. Eripiunt subito nubes caelumque diemque Suddenly clouds take sky and day away Teucrorum ex oculis; ponto nox incubat atra. from the TrojanÌs eyes: dark night rests on the sea. Iutonuere poli et crebris micat ignibus aether It thunders from the pole and the aether flashes thick fire praesentemque viris intentant omnia mortem. and all things threaten immediate death to men. Instantly Aeneas groans his limbs slack with cold: Extemplo Aeneae solvuntur frigore membra: stretching his two hands towards the heavens ingemit et duplicis tendens ad sidera palmas he cries out in this voice: ËOh three four times fortunate talia voce refert: 'O terque quaterque beati were those who chanced to die in front of their fatherÌs eyes quis ante ora patrum Troiae sub moenibus altis under TroyÌs high walls! O Diomede son of Tydeus contigit oppetere! O Danaum fortissime gentis bravest of Greeks! Why could I not have fallen at your hand Tydide! Mene Iliacis occumbere campis in the fields of Ilium and poured out my spirit non potuisse tuaque animam hanc effundere dextra where fierce Hector lies beneath AchillesÌs spear saevus ubi Aeacidae telo iacet Hector ubi ingens and mighty Sarpedon: where Simois rolls and sweeps away Sarpedon ubi tot Simois correpta sub undis so many shields helmets brave bodies of men in its waves!Ì scuta virum galeasque et fortia corpora volvit?' Hurling these words out a howling blast from the north strikes square on the sail and lifts the seas to heaven: Talia iactanti stridens Aquilone procella the oars break: then the prow swings round and offers velum adversa ferit fluctusque ad sidera tollit. the beam to the waves: a steep mountain of water follows in a mass. Franguntur remi; tum prora avertit et undis Some ships hang on the breakerÌs crest: to others the yawning deep dat latus; insequitur cumulo praeruptus aquae mons. shows land between the waves: the surge rages with sand. Hi summo in flucta pendent; his unda dehiscens The south wind catches three and whirls them onto hidden rocks terram inter fluctus aperit; furit aestus harenis. (rocks the Italians call the Altars in mid-ocean Tris Notus abreptas in saxa latentia torquet--- a vast reef on the surface of the sea) three the east wind drives saxa vocant Itali mediis quae in fluctibus aras--- from the deep to the shallows and quick-sands (a pitiful sight) dorsum immane mari summo; tris Eurus ab alto dashes them against the bottom covers them with a gravel mound. in brevia et Syrtis urguet miserabile visu A huge wave toppling strikes one astern in front of his very eyes inliditque vadis atque aggere cingit harenae. one carrying faithful Orontes and the Lycians. Unam quae Lycios fidumque vehebat Oronten The steersmanÌs thrown out and hurled headlong face down: ipsius ante oculos ingens a vertice pontus but the sea turns the ship three times driving her round in puppim ferit: excutitur pronusque magister in place and the swift vortex swallows her in the deep. volvitur in caput; ast illam ter fluctus ibidem Swimmers appear here and there in the vast waste torquet agens circum et rapidus vorat aequore vortex. menÌs weapons planking Trojan treasure in the waves. Adparent rari nantes in gurgite vasto Now the storm conquers IloneusÌs tough ship now Achates arma virum tabulaeque et Troia gaza per undas. now that in which Abas sailed and old AletesÌs: Iam validam Ilionei navem iam fortis Achati their timbers sprung in their sides all the ships et qua vectus Abas et qua grandaevus Aletes let in the hostile tide and split open at the seams. vicit hiems; laxis laterum compagibus omnes accipiunt inimicum imbrem rimisque fatiscunt. Neptune meanwhile greatly troubled saw that the sea Interea magno misceri murmure pontum was churned with vast murmur and the storm was loose emissamque hiemem sensit Neptunus et imis and the still waters welled from their deepest levels: stagna refusa vadis graviter commotus; et alto he raised his calm face from the waves gazing over the deep. prospiciens summa placidum caput extulit unda. He sees AeneasÌs fleet scattered all over the ocean Disiectam Aeneae toto videt aequore classem the Trojans crushed by the breakers and the plummeting sky. fluctibus oppressos Troas caelique ruina And JunoÌs anger and her stratagems do not escape her brother. nec latuere doli fratrem Iunonis et irae. He calls the East and West winds to him and then says: Eurum ad se Zephyrumque vocat dehinc talia fatur: ËDoes confidence in your birth fill you so? Winds do you dare without my intent to mix earth with sky and cause such trouble 'Tantane vos generis tenuit fiducia vestri? now? You whom I Ä ! But itÌs better to calm the running waves: Iam caelum terramque meo sine numine venti youÌll answer to me later for this misfortune with a different punishment. Hurry fly now and say this to your king: miscere et tantas audetis tollere moles? control of the ocean and the fierce trident were given to me Quos ego---sed motos praestat componere fluctus. by lot and not to him. He owns the wild rocks home to you Post mihi non simili poena commissa luetis. and yours East Wind: let Aeolus officiate in his palace Maturate fugam regique haec dicite vestro: and be king in the closed prison of the winds.Ì non illi imperium pelagi saevumque tridentem So he speaks and swifter than his speech he calms the swollen sea sed mihi sorte datum. Tenet ille immania saxa scatters the gathered cloud and brings back the sun. vestras Eure domos; illa se iactet in aula Cymotho‰ and Triton working together thrust the ships Aeolus et clauso ventorum carcere regnet.' from the sharp reef: Neptune himself raises them with his trident parts the vast quicksand tempers the flood Sic ait et dicto citius tumida aequora placat and glides on weightless wheels over the tops of the waves. collectasque fugat nubes solemque reducit. As often when rebellion breaks out in a great nation Cymothoe simul et Triton adnixus acuto and the common rabble rage with passion and soon stones detrudunt navis scopulo; levat ipse tridenti; and fiery torches fly (frenzy supplying weapons) et vastas aperit syrtis et temperat aequor if they then see a man of great virtue and weighty service atque rotis summas levibus perlabitur undas. they are silent and stand there listening attentively: Ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est he sways their passions with his words and soothes their hearts: seditio saevitque animis ignobile volgus so all the uproar of the ocean died as soon as their father iamque faces et saxa volant---furor arma ministrat; gazing over the water carried through the clear sky wheeled tum pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem his horses and gave them their head flying behind in his chariot. conspexere silent arrectisque auribus adstant; ille regit dictis animos et pectora mulcet --- sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor aequora postquam prospiciens genitor caeloque invectus aperto The weary followers of Aeneas made efforts to set a course flectit equos curruque volans dat lora secundo. for the nearest land and tacked towards the Libyan coast. There is a place there in a deep inlet: an island forms a harbour Defessi Aeneadae quae proxima litora cursu with the barrier of its bulk on which every wave from the deep contendunt petere et Libyae vertuntur ad oras. breaks and divides into diminishing ripples. Est in secessu longo locus: insula portum On this side and that vast cliffs and twin crags loom in the sky efficit obiectu laterum quibus omnis ab alto under whose summits the whole sea is calm far and wide: frangitur inque sinus scindit sese unda reductos. then above that is a scene of glittering woods Hinc atque hinc vastae rupes geminique minantur and a dark grove overhangs the water with leafy shade: in caelum scopuli quorum sub vertice late under the headland opposite is a cave curtained with rock aequora tuta silent; tum silvis scaena coruscis inside it fresh water and seats of natural stone desuper horrentique atrum nemus imminet umbra. the home of Nymphs. No hawsers moor the weary ships Fronte sub adversa scopulis pendentibus antrum here no anchor with its hooked flukes fastens them. intus aquae dulces vivoque sedilia saxo Aeneas takes shelter here with seven ships gathered nympharum domus: hic fessas non vincula navis from the fleet and the Trojans with a passion for dry land ulla tenent unco non alligat ancora morsu. disembarking take possession of the sands they longed for Huc septem Aeneas collectis navibus omni and stretch their brine-caked bodies on the shore. ex numero subit; ac magno telluris amore At once Achates strikes a spark from his flint egressi optata potiuntur Troes harena catches the fire in the leaves places dry fuel round it et sale tabentis artus in litore ponunt. and quickly has flames among the kindling. Ac primum silici scintillam excudit Achates Then wearied by events they take out wheat damaged succepitque ignem foliis atque arida circum by the sea and implements of Ceres and prepare to parch nutrimenta dedit rapuitque in fomite flammam. the grain over the flames and grind it on stone. Tum Cererem corruptam undis Cerealiaque arma Aeneas climbs a crag meanwhile and searches the whole prospect expediunt fessi rerum frugesque receptas far and wide over the sea looking if he can see anything et torrere parant flammis et frangere saxo. of Antheus and his storm-tossed Phrygian galleys or Capys or CaicusÌs arms blazoned on a high stern. Aeneas scopulum interea conscendit et omnem ThereÌs no ship in sight: he sees three stags wandering prospectum late pelago petit Anthea si quem on the shore: whole herds of deer follow at their back iactatum vento videat Phrygiasque biremis and graze in long lines along the valley. aut Capyn aut celsis in puppibus arma Caici. He halts at this and grasps in his hand his bow Navem in conspectu nullam tris litore cervos and swift arrows shafts that loyal Achates carries prospicit errantis; hos tota armenta sequuntur and first he shoots the leaders themselves their heads a tergo et longum per vallis pascitur agmen. with branching antlers held high then the mass with his shafts Constitit hic arcumque manu celerisque sagittas and drives the whole crowd in confusion among the leaves: corripuit fidus quae tela gerebat Achates; The conqueror does not stop until heÌs scattered seven huge ductoresque ipsos primum capita alta ferentis carcasses on the ground equal in number to his ships. cornibus arboreis sternit tum volgus Then he seeks the harbour and divides them among all his friends. miscet agens telis nemora inter frondea turbam; Next he shares out the wine that the good Acestes had stowed nec prius absistit quam septem ingentia victor in jars on the Trinacrian coast and that hero had given them corpora fundat humi et numerum cum navibus aequet. on leaving: and speaking to them calmed their sad hearts: Hinc portum petit et socios partitur in omnes. ËO friends (well we were not unknown to trouble before) Vina bonus quae deinde cadis onerarat Acestes O you whoÌve endured worse the god will grant an end to this too. litore Trinacrio dederatque abeuntibus heros YouÌve faced rabid Scylla and her deep-sounding cliffs: dividit et dictis maerentia pectora mulcet: and youÌve experienced the CyclopesÌs rocks: remember your courage and chase away gloomy fears: 'O socii---neque enim ignari sumus ante malorum--- perhaps one day youÌll even delight in remembering this. O passi graviora dabit deus his quoque finem. Through all these misfortunes these dangerous times Vos et Scyllaeam rabiem penitusque sonantis we head for Latium where the fates hold peaceful lives accestis scopulos vos et Cyclopea saxa for us: there TroyÌs kingdom can rise again. Endure experti: revocate animos maestumque timorem and preserve yourselves for happier days.Ì mittite: forsan et haec olim meminisse iuvabit. So his voice utters and sick with the weight of care he pretends Per varios casus per tot discrimina rerum hope in his look and stifles the pain deep in his heart. tendimus in Latium; sedes ubi fata quietas They make ready the game and the future feast: ostendunt; illic fas regna resurgere Troiae. they flay the hides from the ribs and lay the flesh bare: Durate et vosmet rebus servate secundis.' some cut it in pieces quivering and fix it on spits others place cauldrons on the beach and feed them with flames. Talia voce refert curisque ingentibus aeger Then they revive their strength with food stretched on the grass spem voltu simulat premit altum corde dolorem. and fill themselves with rich venison and old wine. Illi se praedae accingunt dapibusque futuris; When hunger is quenched by the feast and the remnants cleared tergora deripiunt costis et viscera nudant; deep in conversation they discuss their missing friends pars in frusta secant veribusque trementia figunt; and between hope and fear question whether they live litore aena locant alii flammasque ministrant. or whether theyÌve suffered death and no longer hear their name. Tum victu revocant vires fusique per herbam Aeneas the virtuous above all mourns the lot of fierce Orontes implentur veteris Bacchi pinguisque ferinae. then that of Amycus together with LycusÌs cruel fate Postquam exempta fames epulis mensaeque remotae and those of brave Gyus and brave Cloanthus. amissos longo socios sermone requirunt spemque metumque inter dubii seu vivere credant sive extrema pati nec iam exaudire vocatos. Praecipue pius Aeneas nunc acris Oronti Now all was complete when Jupiter from the heights of the air nunc Amyci casum gemit et crudelia secum looked down on the sea with its flying sails and the broad lands fata Lyci fortemque Gyan fortemque Cloanthum. and the coasts and the people far and wide and paused at the summit of heaven and fixed his eyes on the Libyan kingdom. Et iam finis erat cum Iuppiter aethere summo And as he weighed such cares as he had in his heart Venus spoke despiciens mare velivolum terrasque iacentis to him sadder still her bright eyes brimming with tears: litoraque et latos populos sic vertice caeli ËOh you who rule things human and divine with eternal law constitit et Libyae defixit lumina regnis. and who terrify them all with your lightning-bolt Atque illum talis iactantem pectore curas what can my Aeneas have done to you thatÌs so serious tristior et lacrimis oculos suffusa nitentis what have the Trojans done whoÌve suffered so much destruction adloquitur Venus: 'O qui res hominumque deumque to whom the whole worldÌs closed because of the Italian lands? aeternis regis imperiis et fulmine terres Surely you promised that at some point as the years rolled by quid meus Aeneas in te committere tantum the Romans would rise from them leaders would rise quid Troes potuere quibus tot funera passis restored from TeucerÌs blood who would hold power cunctus ob Italiam terrarum clauditur orbis? over the sea and all the lands. Father what thought has changed Certe hinc Romanos olim volventibus annis your mind? It consoled me for the fall of Troy and its sad ruin hinc fore ductores revocato a sanguine Teucri weighing one destiny indeed against opposing destinies: qui mare qui terras omni dicione tenerent now the same misfortune follows these men driven on by such pollicitus quae te genitor disasters. Great king what end to their efforts will you give? Hoc equidem occasum Troiae tristisque ruinas Antenor could escape through the thick of the Greek army solabar fatis contraria fata rependens; and safely enter the Illyrian gulfs and deep into the realms nunc eadem fortuna viros tot casibus actos of the Liburnians and pass the founts of Timavus insequitur. Quem das finem rex magne laborum? from which the river bursts with a huge mountainous roar Antenor potuit mediis elapsus Achivis through nine mouths and buries the fields under its noisy flood. Illyricos penetrare sinus atque intima tutus Here nonetheless he sited the city of Padua and homes regna Liburnorum et fontem superare Timavi for Teucrians and gave the people a name and hung up unde per ora novem vasto cum murmure montis the arms of Troy: now heÌs calmly settled in tranquil peace. it mare proruptum et pelago premit arva sonanti. But we your race to whom you permit the heights of heaven Hic tamen ille urbem Patavi sedesque locavit lose our ships (shameful!) betrayed because of one personÌs anger Teucrorum et genti nomen dedit armaque fixit and kept far away from the shores of Italy. Troia; nunc placida compostus pace quiescit: Is this the prize for virtue? Is this how you restore our rule? nos tua progenies caeli quibus adnuis arcem The father of men and gods smiled at her with that look navibus (infandum!) amissis unius ob iram with which he clears the sky of storms prodimur atque Italis longe disiungimur oris. kissed his daughterÌs lips and then said this: Hic pietatis honos? Sic nos in sceptra reponis?' Olli subridens hominum sator atque deorum ËDonÌt be afraid Cytherea your childÌs fate remains unaltered: voltu quo caelum tempestatesque serenat YouÌll see the city of Lavinium and the walls I promised oscula libavit natae dehinc talia fatur: and youÌll raise great-hearted Aeneas high to the starry sky: 'Parce metu Cytherea: manent immota tuorum No thought has changed my mind. This son of yours fata tibi; cernes urbem et promissa Lavini (since this trouble gnaws at my heart IÌll speak moenia sublimemque feres ad sidera caeli and unroll the secret scroll of destiny) magnanimum Aenean; neque me sententia vertit. will wage a mighty war in Italy destroy proud peoples Hic tibi (fabor enim quando haec te cura remordet and establish laws and city walls for his warriors longius et volvens fatorum arcana movebo) until a third summer sees his reign in Latium and bellum ingens geret Italia populosque feroces three winter camps pass since the Rutulians were beaten. contundet moresque viris et moenia ponet But the boy Ascanius surnamed Iulus now (He was Ilus tertia dum Latio regnantem viderit aestas while the Ilian kingdom was a reality) will imperially ternaque transierint Rutulis hiberna subactis. complete thirty great circles of the turning months At puer Ascanius cui nunc cognomen Iulo and transfer his throne from its site at Lavinium additur ---Ilus erat dum res stetit Ilia regno and mighty in power will build the walls of Alba Longa. triginta magnos volvendis mensibus orbis Here kings of HectorÌs race will reign now imperio explebit regnumque ab sede Lavini for three hundred years complete until a royal priestess transferet et longam multa vi muniet Albam. Ilia heavy with child shall bear Mars twins. Hic iam ter centum totos regnabitur annos Then Romulus will further the race proud in his nurse gente sub Hectorea donec regina sacerdos the she-wolfÌs tawny pelt and found the walls of Mars Marte gravis geminam partu dabit Ilia prolem. and call the people Romans from his own name. Inde lupae fulvo nutricis tegmine laetus IÌve fixed no limits or duration to their possessions: Romulus excipiet gentem et Mavortia condet IÌve given them empire without end. Why harsh Juno moenia Romanosque suo de nomine dicet. who now torments land and sea and sky with fear His ego nec metas rerum nec tempora pono; will respond to better judgement and favour the Romans imperium sine fine dedi. Quin aspera Iuno masters of the world and people of the toga with me. quae mare nunc terrasque metu caelumque fatigat So it is decreed. A time will come as the years glide by consilia in melius referet mecumque fovebit when the Trojan house of Assaracus will force Phthia Romanos rerum dominos gentemque togatam: into slavery and be lords of beaten Argos. sic placitum. Veniet lustris labentibus aetas From this glorious source a Trojan Caesar will be born cum domus Assaraci Phthiam clarasque Mycenas who will bound the empire with Ocean his fame with the stars servitio premet ac victis dominabitur Argis. Augustus a Julius his name descended from the great Iulus. Nascetur pulchra Troianus origine Caesar You no longer anxious will receive him one day in heaven imperium oceano famam qui terminet astris --- burdened with Eastern spoils: heÌll be called to in prayer. Iulius a magno demissum nomen Iulo. Then with wars abandoned the harsh ages will grow mild: Hunc tu olim caelo spoliis Orientis onustum White haired Trust and Vesta Quirinus with his brother Remus accipies secura; vocabitur hic quoque votis. will make the laws: the gates of War grim with iron Aspera tum positis mitescent saecula bellis; and narrowed by bars will be closed: inside impious Rage will roar cana Fides et Vesta Remo cum fratre Quirinus frighteningly from blood-stained mouth seated on savage weapons iura dabunt; dirae ferro et compagibus artis hands tied behind his back with a hundred knots of bronze.Ì claudentur Belli portae; Furor impius intus saeva sedens super arma et centum vinctus aenis post tergum nodis fremet horridus ore cruento.' Saying this he sends Mercury MaiaÌs son down from heaven Haec ait et Maia genitum demittit ab alto so that the country and strongholds of this new Carthage ut terrae utque novae pateant Karthaginis arces would open to the Trojans as guests and Dido unaware of fate hospitio Teucris ne fati nescia Dido would not keep them from her territory. He flies through the air finibus arceret: volat ille per aera magnum with a beating of mighty wings and quickly lands on Libyan shore. remigio alarum ac Libyae citus adstitit oris. And soon does as commanded and the Phoenicians set aside Et iam iussa facit ponuntque ferocia Poeni their savage instincts by the godÌs will: the queen above all corda volente deo; in primis regina quietum adopts calm feelings and kind thoughts towards the Trojans. accipit in Teucros animum mentemque benignam. But Aeneas the virtuous turning things over all night decides as soon as kindly dawn appears to go out At pius Aeneas per noctem plurima volvens and explore the place to find what shores he has reached ut primum lux alma data est exire locosque on the wind who owns them (since he sees desert) explorare novos quas vento accesserit oras man or beast and bring back the details to his friends. qui teneant nam inculta videt hominesne feraene He conceals the boats in over-hanging woods quaerere constituit sociisque exacta referre under an arching cliff enclosed by trees Classem in convexo nemorum sub rupe cavata and leafy shadows: accompanied only by Achetes arboribus clausam circum atque horrentibus umbris he goes swinging two broad-bladed spears in his hand. occulit; ipse uno graditur comitatus Achate His mother met him herself among the trees with the face bina manu lato crispans hastilia ferro. and appearance of a virgin and a virginÌs weapons a Spartan girl or such as Harpalyce of Thrace Cui mater media sese tulit obvia silva who wearies horses and outdoes winged Hebrus in flight. virginis os habitumque gerens et virginis arma For sheÌd slung her bow from her shoulders at the ready Spartanae vel qualis equos Threissa fatigat like a huntress and loosed her hair for the wind to scatter Harpalyce volucremque fuga praevertitur Hebrum. her knees bare and her flowing tunic gathered up in a knot. Namque umeris de more habilem suspenderat arcum And she cried first: ËHello you young men tell me venatrix dederatque comam diffundere ventis if youÌve seen my sister wandering here by any chance nuda genu nodoque sinus collecta fluentis. wearing a quiver and the hide of a dappled lynx Ac prior 'Heus' inquit 'iuvenes monstrate mearum or shouting hot on the track of a slavering boar?Ì vidistis si quam hic errantem forte sororum So Venus: and so VenusÌs son began in answer: succinctam pharetra et maculosae tegmine lyncis ËIÌve not seen or heard any of your sisters O Virgin Ä aut spumantis apri cursum clamore prementem.' or how should I name you? Since your looks are not mortal and your voice is more than human: oh a goddess for certain! Sic Venus; et Veneris contra sic filius orsus: Or PhoebusÌs sister? Or one of the race of Nymphs? 'Nulla tuarum audita mihi neque visa sororum--- Be kind whoever you may be and lighten our labour O quam te memorem virgo? Namque haud tibi voltus and tell us only what sky weÌre under and what shores mortalis nec vox hominem sonat: O dea certe--- weÌve landed on: weÌre adrift here driven by wind and vast seas an Phoebi soror? an nympharum sanguinis una?--- knowing nothing of the people or the country: sis felix nostrumque leves quaecumque many a sacrifice to you will fall at the altars under our hand.Ì et quo sub caelo tandem quibus orbis in oris Then Venus said: ËI donÌt think myself worthy of such honours: iactemur doceas. Ignari hominumque locorumque itÌs the custom of Tyrian girls to carry a quiver erramus vento huc vastis et fluctibus acti: and lace our calves high up over red hunting boots. multa tibi ante aras nostra cadet hostia dextra.' You see the kingdom of Carthage Tyrians AgenorÌs city: but bordered by Libyans a people formidable in war. Tum Venus: 'Haud equidem tali me dignor honore; Dido rules this empire having set out from Tyre virginibus Tyriis mos est gestare pharetram fleeing her brother. ItÌs a long tale of wrong with many purpureoque alte suras vincire cothurno. windings: but IÌll trace the main chapters of the story. Punica regna vides Tyrios et Agenoris urbem; Sychaeus was her husband wealthiest in land of Phoenicians sed fines Libyci genus intractabile bello. and loved with a great love by the wretched girl Imperium Dido Tyria regit urbe profecta whose father gave her as a virgin to him and wed them germanum fugiens. Longa est iniuria longae with great solemnity. But her brother Pygmalion savage ambages; sed summa sequar fastigia rerum. in wickedness beyond all others held the kingdom of Tyre. Madness came between them. The king blinded by greed for gold 'Huic coniunx Sychaeus erat ditissimus agri killed the unwary Sychaeus secretly with a knife impiously Phoenicum et magno miserae dilectus amore in front of the altars indifferent to his sisterÌs affections. cui pater intactam dederat primisque iugarat He concealed his actions for a while deceived the lovesick girl ominibus. Sed regna Tyri germanus habebat with empty hopes and many evil pretences. Pygmalion scelere ante alios immanior omnes. But the ghost of her unburied husband came to her in dream: Quos inter medius venit furor. Ille Sychaeum lifting his pale head in a strange manner he laid bare the cruelty impius ante aras atque auri caecus amore at the altars and his heart pierced by the knife clam ferro incautum superat securus amorum and unveiled all the secret wickedness of that house. germanae; factumque diu celavit et aegram Then he urged her to leave quickly and abandon her country multa malus simulans vana spe lusit amantem. and to help her journey revealed an ancient treasure Ipsa sed in somnis inhumati venit imago under the earth an unknown weight of gold and silver. coniugis ora modis attollens pallida miris Shaken by all this Dido prepared her flight and her friends. crudeles aras traiectaque pectora ferro Those who had fierce hatred of the tyrant or bitter fear nudavit caecumque domus scelus omne retexit. gathered together: they seized some ships that by chance Tum celerare fugam patriaque excedere suadet were ready and loaded the gold: greedy PygmalionÌs riches auxiliumque viae veteres tellure recludit are carried overseas: a woman leads the enterprise. thesauros ignotum argenti pondus et auri. The came to this place and bought land where you now see His commota fugam Dido sociosque parabat: the vast walls and resurgent stronghold of new Carthage conveniunt quibus aut odium crudele tyranni as much as they could enclose with the strips of hide aut metus acer erat; navis quae forte paratae from a single bull and from that they called it Byrsa. corripiunt onerantque auro: portantur avari But who then are you? What shores do you come from? Pygmalionis opes pelago; dux femina facti. What course do you take?Ì He sighed as she questioned him Devenere locos ubi nunc ingentia cernis and drawing the words from deep in his heart he replied: moenia surgentemque novae Karthaginis arcem mercatique solum facti de nomine Byrsam taurino quantum possent circumdare tergo. Sed vos qui tandem quibus aut venistis ab oris ËO goddess if I were to start my tale at the very beginning quove tenetis iter? 'Quaerenti talibus ille and you had time to hear the story of our misfortunes suspirans imoque trahens a pectore vocem: Vesper would have shut day away in the closed heavens. A storm drove us at whim to LibyaÌs shores 'O dea si prima repetens ab origine pergam sailing the many seas from ancient Troy et vacet annalis nostrorum audire laborum if by chance the name of Troy has come to your hearing. ante diem clauso componat Vesper Olympo. I am that Aeneas the virtuous who carries my household gods Nos Troia antiqua si vestras forte per auris in my ship with me having snatched them from the enemy Troiae nomen iit diversa per aequora vectos my name is known beyond the sky. forte sua Libycis tempestas adpulit oris. I seek my country Italy and a people born of Jupiter on high. Sum pius Aeneas raptos qui ex hoste Penates I embarked on the Phrygian sea with twenty ships classe veho mecum fama super aethera notus. following my given fate my mother a goddess showing the way: Italiam quaero patriam et genus ab Iove summo. barely seven are left wrenched from the wind and waves. Bis denis Phrygium conscendi navibus aequor I myself wander destitute and unknown in the Libyan desert matre dea monstrante viam data fata secutus; driven from Europe and Asia.Ì Venus did not wait vix septem convolsae undis Euroque supersunt. for further complaint but broke in on his lament like this: Ipse ignotus egens Libyae deserta peragro ËWhoever you are I donÌt think you draw the breath of life Europa atque Asia pulsus.' Nec plura querentem while hated by the gods you whoÌve reached a city of Tyre. passa Venus medio sic interfata dolore est: Only go on from here and take yourself to the queenÌs threshold since I bring you news that your friends are restored 'Quisquis es haud credo and your ships recalled driven to safety by the shifting winds vitalis carpis Tyriam qui adveneris urbem. unless my parents taught me false prophecies in vain. Perge modo atque hinc te reginae ad limina perfer See those twelve swans in exultant line that an eagle Namque tibi reduces socios classemque relatam JupiterÌs bird swooping from the heavens nuntio et in tutum versis aquilonibus actam was troubling in the clear sky: now in a long file they seem ni frustra augurium vani docuere parentes. to have settled or be gazing down now at those who already have. Aspice bis senos laetantis agmine cycnos As returning their wings beat in play and they circle the zenith aetheria quos lapsa plaga Iovis ales aperto in a crowd and give their cry so your ships and your people turbabat caelo; nunc terras ordine longo are in harbour or near its entrance under full sail. aut capere aut captas iam despectare videntur: Only go on turn your steps where the path takes you.Ì ut reduces illi ludunt stridentibus alis She spoke and turning away she reflected the light et coetu cinxere polum cantusque dedere from her rose-tinted neck and breathed a divine perfume haud aliter puppesque tuae pubesque tuorum from her ambrosial hair: her robes trailed down to her feet aut portum tenet aut pleno subit ostia velo. and in her step showed her a true goddess. He recognised Perge modo et qua te ducit via his mother and as she vanished followed her with his voice: ËYou too are cruel why do you taunt your son with false Dixit et avertens rosea cervice refulsit phantoms? Why am I not allowed to join hand ambrosiaeque comae divinum vertice odorem with hand and speak and hear true words?Ì spiravere pedes vestis defluxit ad imos So he accuses her and turns his steps towards the city. et vera incessu patuit dea. Ille ubi matrem But Venus veiled them with a dark mist as they walked adgnovit tali fugientem est voce secutus: and as a goddess spread a thick covering of cloud around them 'Quid natum totiens crudelis tu quoque falsis so that no one could see them or touch them iudis imaginibus? Cur dextrae iungere dextram or cause them delay or ask them where they were going. non datur ac veras audire et reddere voces?' She herself soars high in the air to Paphos and returns to her home with delight where her temple and its hundred altars Talibus incusat gressumque ad moenia tendit: steam with Sabean incense fragrant with fresh garlands. at Venus obscuro gradientes aere saepsit et multo nebulae circum dea fudit amictu cernere ne quis eos neu quis contingere posset molirive moram aut veniendi poscere causas. Meanwhile theyÌve tackled the route the path revealed. Ipsa Paphum sublimis abit sedesque revisit And soon they climbed the hill that looms high over the city laeta suas ubi templum illi centumque Sabaeo and looks down from above on the towers that face it. ture calent arae sertisque recentibus halant. Aeneas marvels at the mass of buildings once huts marvels at the gates the noise the paved roads. Corripuere viam interea qua semita monstrat. The eager Tyrians are busy some building walls Iamque ascendebant collem qui plurimus urbi and raising the citadel rolling up stones by hand imminet adversasque adspectat desuper arces. some choosing the site for a house and marking a furrow: Miratur molem Aeneas magalia quondam they make magistrates and laws and a sacred senate: miratur portas strepitumque et strata viarum. here some are digging a harbour: others lay down Instant ardentes Tyrii pars ducere muros the deep foundations of a theatre and carve huge columns molirique arcem et manibus subvolvere saxa from the cliff tall adornments for the future stage. pars optare locum tecto et concludere sulco. Just as bees in early summer carry out their tasks [Iura magistratusque legunt sanctumque senatum;] among the flowery fields in the sun when they lead out hic portus alii effodiunt; hic alta theatris the adolescent young of their race or cram the cells fundamenta locant alii immanisque columnas with liquid honey and swell them with sweet nectar rupibus excidunt scaenis decora alta futuris. or receive the incoming burdens or forming lines Qualis apes aestate nova per florea rura drive the lazy herd of drones from their hives: exercet sub sole labor cum gentis adultos the work glows and the fragrant honeyÌs sweet with thyme. educunt fetus aut cum liquentia mella ËO fortunate those whose walls already rise!Ì stipant et dulci distendunt nectare cellas Aeneas cries and admires the summits of the city. aut onera accipiunt venientum aut agmine facto He enters among them veiled in mist (marvellous to tell) ignavom fucos pecus a praesepibus arcent: and mingles with the people seen by no one. fervet opus redolentque thymo fragrantia mella. There was a grove in the centre of the city delightful 'O fortunati quorum iam moenia surgunt!' with shade where the wave and storm-tossed Phoenicians Aeneas ait et fastigia suspicit urbis. first uncovered the head of a fierce horse that regal Juno Infert se saeptus nebula mirabile dictu showed them: so the race would be noted in war per medios miscetque viris neque cernitur ulli. and rich in substance throughout the ages. Here Sidonian Dido was establishing a great temple Lucus in urbe fuit media laetissimus umbra to Juno rich with gifts and divine presence quo primum iactati undis et turbine Poeni with bronze entrances rising from stairways and beams effodere loco signum quod regia Iuno jointed with bronze and hinges creaking on bronze doors. monstrarat caput acris equi; sic nam fore bello Here in the grove something new appeared that calmed his fears egregiam et facilem victu per saecula gentem. for the first time here for the first time Aeneas dared to hope Hic templum Iunoni ingens Sidonia Dido for safety and to put greater trust in his afflicted fortunes. condebat donis opulentum et numine divae While waiting for the queen in the vast temple he looks aerea cui gradibus surgebant limina nexaeque at each thing: while he marvels at the cityÌs wealth aere trabes foribus cardo stridebat aenis. the skill of their artistry and the products of their labours Hoc primum in luco nova res oblata timorem he sees the battles at Troy in their correct order leniit hic primum Aeneas sperare salutem the War known through its fame to the whole world ausus et adflictis melius confidere rebus. the sons of Atreus of Priam and Achilles angered with both. Namque sub ingenti lustrat dum singula templo He halted and said with tears: ËWhat place is there reginam opperiens dum quae fortuna sit urbi Achates what region of earth not full of our hardships? artificumque manus inter se operumque laborem See Priam! Here too virtue has its rewards here too miratur videt Iliacas ex ordine pugnas there are tears for events and mortal things touch the heart. bellaque iam fama totum volgata per orbem Lose your fears: this fame will bring you benefit.Ì Atridas Priamumque et saevum ambobus Achillem. Constitit et lacrimans 'Quis iam locus' inquit 'Achate quae regio in terris nostri non plena laboris? So he speaks and feeds his spirit with the insubstantial frieze En Priamus! Sunt hic etiam sua praemia laudi; sighing often and his face wet with the streaming tears. sunt lacrimae rerum et mentem mortalia tangunt. For he saw how here the Greeks fled as they fought round Troy Solve metus; feret haec aliquam tibi fama salutem.' chased by the Trojan youth and there the Trojans fled Sic ait atque animum pictura pascit inani with plumed Achilles pressing them close in his chariot. multa gemens largoque umectat flumine voltum. Not far away through his tears he recognises RhesusÌs white-canvassed tents that blood-stained Diomede TydeusÌs son Namque videbat uti bellantes Pergama circum laid waste with great slaughter betrayed in their first sleep hac fugerent Graii premeret Troiana iuventus diverting the fiery horses to his camp before they could eat hac Phryges instaret curru cristatus Achilles. Trojan fodder or drink from the river Xanthus. Nec procul hinc Rhesi niveis tentoria velis Elsewhere Troilus his weapons discarded in flight adgnoscit lacrimans primo quae prodita somno unhappy boy unequally matched in his battle with Achilles Tydides multa vastabat caede cruentus is dragged by his horses clinging face-up to the empty chariot ardentisque avertit equos in castra prius quam still clutching the reins: his neck and hair trailing pabula gustassent Troiae Xanthumque bibissent. on the ground and his spear reversed furrowing the dust. Parte alia fugiens amissis Troilus armis Meanwhile the Trojan women with loose hair walked infelix puer atque impar congressus Achilli to unjust PallasÌs temple carrying the sacred robe fertur equis curruque haeret resupinus inani mourning humbly and beating their breasts with their hands. lora tenens tamen; huic cervixque comaeque trahuntur The goddess was turned away her eyes fixed on the ground. per terram et versa pulvis inscribitur hasta. Three times had Achilles dragged Hector round the walls of Troy Interea ad templum non aequae Palladis ibant and now was selling the lifeless corpse for gold. crinibus Iliades passis peplumque ferebant Then Aeneas truly heaves a deep sigh from the depths of his heart suppliciter tristes et tunsae pectora palmis; as he views the spoils the chariot the very body of his friend diva solo fixos oculos aversa tenebat. and Priam stretching out his unwarlike hands. Ter circum Iliacos raptaverat Hectora muros He recognised himself as well fighting the Greek princes exanimumque auro corpus vendebat Achilles. and the Ethiopian ranks and black MemnonÌs armour. Tum vero ingentem gemitum dat pectore ab imo Raging Penthesilea leads the file of Amazons ut spolia ut currus utque ipsum corpus amici with crescent shields and shines out among her thousands tendentemque manus Priamum conspexit inermis. her golden girdle fastened beneath her exposed breasts Se quoque principibus permixtum adgnovit Achivis a virgin warrior daring to fight with men. Eoasque acies et nigri Memnonis arma. Ducit Amazonidum lunatis agmina peltis Penthesilea furens mediisque in milibus ardet aurea subnectens exsertae cingula mammae While these wonderful sights are viewed by Trojan Aeneas bellatrix audetque viris concurrere virgo. while amazed he hangs there rapt with fixed gaze Queen Dido of loveliest form reached the temple Haec dum Dardanio Aeneae miranda videntur with a great crowd of youths accompanying her. dum stupet obtutuque haeret defixus in uno Just as Diana leads her dancing throng on EurotasÌs banks regina ad templum forma pulcherrima Dido or along the ridges of Cynthus and following her incessit magna iuvenum stipante caterva. a thousand mountain-nymphs gather on either side: Qualis in Eurotae ripis aut per iuga Cynthi and she carries a quiver on her shoulder and overtops exercet Diana choros quam mille secutae all the other goddesses as she walks: and delight hinc atque hinc glomerantur oreades; illa pharetram seizes her mother LatonaÌs silent heart: fert umero gradiensque deas supereminet omnis: such was Dido so she carried herself joyfully Latonae tacitum pertemptant gaudia pectus: amongst them furthering the work and her rising kingdom. talis erat Dido talem se laeta ferebat Then fenced with weapons and resting on a high throne per medios instans operi regnisque futuris. she took her seat at the goddessÌs doorway under the central vault. Tum foribus divae media testudine templi She was giving out laws and statutes to the people and sharing saepta armis solioque alte subnixa resedit. the workers labour out in fair proportions or assigning it by lot: Iura dabat legesque viris operumque laborem when Aeneas suddenly saw Antheus and Sergestus partibus aequabat iustis aut sorte trahebat: and brave Cloanthus approaching among a large crowd cum subito Aeneas concursu accedere magno with others of the Trojans whom the black storm-clouds Anthea Sergestumque videt fortemque Cloanthum had scattered over the sea and carried far off to other shores. Teucrorumque alios ater quos aequore turbo He was stunned and Achates was stunned as well dispulerat penitusque alias avexerat oras. with joy and fear: they burned with eagerness to clasp hands Obstipuit simul ipse simul perculsus Achates but the unexpected event confused their minds. laetitiaque metuque; avidi coniungere dextras They stay concealed and veiled in the deep mist they watch ardebant; sed res animos incognita turbat. to see what happens to their friends what shore they have left Dissimulant et nube cava speculantur amicti the fleet on and why they are here: the elect of every ship came quae fortuna viris classem quo litore linquant begging favour and made for the temple among the shouting. quid veniant; cunctis nam lecti navibus ibant orantes veniam et templum clamore petebant. When theyÌd entered and freedom to speak in person Postquam introgressi et coram data copia fandi had been granted Ilioneus the eldest began calmly: axumus Ilioneus placido sic pectore coepit: ËO queen whom Jupiter grants the right to found 'O Regina novam cui condere Iuppiter urbem a new city and curb proud tribes with your justice iustitiaque dedit gentis frenare superbas we unlucky Trojans driven by the winds over every sea Troes te miseri ventis maria omnia vecti pray to you: keep the terror of fire away from our ships oramus prohibe infandos a navibus ignis spare a virtuous race and look more kindly on our fate. parce pio generi et propius res aspice nostras. We have not come to despoil Libyan homes with the sword Non nos aut ferro Libycos populare Penatis or to carry off stolen plunder to the shore: that violence venimus aut raptas ad litora vertere praedas; is not in our minds the conquered have not such pride. non ea vis animo nec tanta superbia victis. ThereÌs a place called Hesperia by the Greeks Est locus Hesperiam Grai cognomine dicunt an ancient land strong in men with a rich soil: terra antiqua potens armis atque ubere glaebae; There the Oenotrians lived: now rumour has it Oenotri coluere viri; nunc fama minores that a later people has called it Italy after their leader. Italiam dixisse ducis de nomine gentem. We had set our course there when stormy Orion Hic cursus fuit: rising with the tide carried us onto hidden shoals cum subito adsurgens fluctu nimbosus Orion and fierce winds scattered us far with the overwhelming surge in vada caeca tulit penitusque procacibus austris over the waves among uninhabitable rocks: perque undas superante salo perque invia saxa we few have drifted here to your shores. dispulit; huc pauci vestris adnavimus oris. What race of men is this? What land is so barbaric as to allow Quod genus hoc hominum? Quaeve hunc tam barbara morem this custom that weÌre denied the hospitality of the sands? permittit patria? Hospitio prohibemur harenae; They stir up war and prevent us setting foot on dry land. bella cient primaque vetant consistere terra. If you despise the human race and mortal weapons Si genus humanum et mortalia temnitis arma still trust that the gods remember right and wrong. at sperate deos memores fandi atque nefandi. Aeneas was our king no one more just than him in his duty or greater in war and weaponry. 'Rex erat Aeneas nobis quo iustior alter If fate still protects the man if he still enjoys the ethereal air nec pietate fuit nec bello maior et armis. if he doesnÌt yet rest among the cruel shades thereÌs nothing Quem si fata virum servant si vescitur aura to fear and youÌd not repent of vying with him first in kindness. aetheria neque adhuc crudelibus occubat umbris Then there are cities and fields too in the region of Sicily non metus; officio nec te certasse priorem and famous Acestes of Trojan blood. Allow us poeniteat. Sunt et Siculis regionibus urbes to beach our fleet damaged by the storms arvaque Troianoque a sanguine clarus Acestes. and cut planks from trees and shape oars Quassatam ventis liceat subducere classem so if our kingÌs restored and our friends are found et silvis aptare trabes et stringere remos: we can head for Italy gladly seek Italy and Latium: si datur Italiam sociis et rege recepto and if our saviourÌs lost and the Libyan seas hold you tendere ut Italiam laeti Latiumque petamus; TroyÌs most virtuous father if no hope now remains from Iulus sin absumpta salus et te pater optume Teucrum let us seek the Sicilian straits from which we were driven pontus habet Lybiae nec spes iam restat Iuli and the home prepared for us and a king Acestes.Ì at freta Sicaniae saltem sedesque paratas So Ilioneus spoke: and the Trojans all shouted with one voice. unde huc advecti regemque petamus Acesten.' Talibus Ilioneus; cuncti simul ore fremebant Dardanidae. Then Dido spoke briefly with lowered eyes: ËTrojans free your hearts of fear: dispel your cares. Tum breviter Dido voltum demissa profatur: Harsh events and the newness of the kingdom force me to effect 'Solvite corde metum Teucri secludite curas. such things and protect my borders with guards on all sides. Res dura et regni novitas me talia cogunt Who doesnÌt know of AeneasÌs race and the city of Troy moliri et late finis custode tueri. the bravery the men or so great a blaze of warfare Quis genus Aeneadum quis Troiae nesciat urbem indeed we Phoenicians donÌt possess unfeeling hearts virtutesque virosque aut tanti incendia belli? the sun doesnÌt harness his horses that far from this Tyrian city. Non obtusa adeo gestamus pectora Poeni Whether you opt for mighty Hesperia and SaturnÌs fields nec tam aversus equos Tyria Sol iungit ab urbe. or the summit of Eryx and Acestes for king Seu vos Hesperiam magnam Saturniaque arva IÌll see you safely escorted and help you with my wealth. sive Erycis finis regemque optatis Acesten Or do you wish to settle here with me as equals in my kingdom? auxilio tutos dimittam opibusque iuvabo. The city I build is yours: beach your ships: Voltis et his mecum pariter considere regnis; Trojans and Tyrians will be treated by me without distinction. urbem quam statuo vestra est subducite navis; I wish your king Aeneas himself were here driven Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur. by that same storm! Indeed IÌll send reliable men Atque utinam rex ipse Noto compulsus eodem along the coast and order them to travel the length of Libya adforet Aeneas! Equidem per litora certos in case heÌs driven aground and wandering the woods and towns.Ì dimittam et Libyae lustrare extrema iubebo Brave Achetes and our forefather Aeneas their spirits raised si quibus eiectus silvis aut urbibus errat.' by these words had been burning to break free of the mist. Achates was first to speak saying to Aeneas: ËSon of the goddess His animum arrecti dictis et fortis Achates what intention springs to your mind? You see allÌs safe et pater Aeneas iamdudum erumpere nubem the fleet and our friends have been restored to us. ardebant. Prior Aenean compellat Achates: Only one is missing whom we saw plunged in the waves: 'Nate dea quae nunc animo sententia surgit? all else is in accord with your motherÌs words.Ì omnia tuta vides classem sociosque receptos. Unus abest medio in fluctu quem vidimus ipsi submersum; dictis respondent cetera matris.' HeÌd scarcely spoken when the mist surrounding them suddenly parted and vanished in the clear air. Vix ea fatus erat cum circumfusa repente Aeneas stood there shining in the bright daylight scindit se nubes et in aethera purgat apertum. like a god in shoulders and face: since his mother Restitit Aeneas claraque in luce refulsit had herself imparted to her son beauty to his hair os umerosque deo similis; namque ipsa decoram a glow of youth and a joyful charm to his eyes: caesariem nato genetrix lumenque iuventae like the glory art can give to ivory or as when silver purpureum et laetos oculis adflarat honores: or Parian marble is surrounded by gold. quale manus addunt ebori decus aut ubi flavo Then he addressed the queen suddenly surprising them all argentum Pariusve lapis circumdatur auro. saying: ËI am here in person Aeneas the Trojan him whom you seek saved from the Libyan waves. Tum sic reginam adloquitur cunctisque repente O Dido it is not in our power nor those of our Trojan race improvisus ait: 'Coram quem quaeritis adsum wherever they may be scattered through the wide world Troius Aeneas Lybicis ereptus ab undis. to pay you sufficient thanks you who alone have pitied O sola infandos Troiae miserata labores TroyÌs unspeakable miseries and share your city and home quae nos reliquias Danaum terraeque marisque with us the remnant left by the Greeks wearied omnibus exhaustos iam casibus omnium egenos by every mischance on land and sea and lacking everything. urbe domo socias May the gods and the mind itself conscious of right non opis est nostrae Dido nec quicquid ubique est bring you a just reward if the gods respect the virtuous gentis Dardaniae magnum quae sparsa per orbem. if there is justice anywhere. What happy age gave birth Di tibi si qua pios respectant numina si quid to you? What parents produced such a child? usquam iustitia est et mens sibi conscia recti Your honour name and praise will endure forever praemia digna ferant. Quae te tam laeta tulerunt whatever lands may summon me while rivers run saecula? Qui tanti talem genuere parentes? to the sea while shadows cross mountain slopes In freta dum fluvii current dum montibus umbrae while the sky nourishes the stars.Ì So saying he grasps lustrabunt convexa polus dum sidera pascet his friend Iloneus by the right hand Serestus with the left semper honos nomenque tuum laudesque manebunt then others brave Gyus and brave Cloanthus. quae me cumque vocant terrae.' Sic fatus amicum Ilionea petit dextra laevaque Serestum post alios fortemque Gyan fortemque Cloanthum. Sidonian Dido was first amazed at the heroÌs looks then at his great misfortunes and she spoke saying: Obstipuit primo aspectu Sidonia Dido ËSon of a goddess what fate pursues you through all casu deinde viri tanto et sic ore locuta est: these dangers? What force drives you to these barbarous shores? 'Quis te nate dea per tanta pericula casus Are you truly that Aeneas whom kindly Venus bore insequitur? Quae vis immanibus applicat oris? to Trojan Anchises by the waters of Phrygian Simois? Tune ille Aeneas quem Dardanio Anchisae Indeed I myself remember Teucer coming to Sidon alma Venus Phrygii genuit Simoentis ad undam? exiled from his countryÌs borders seeking a new kingdom Atque equidem Teucrum memini Sidona venire with BelusÌs help: Belus my father was laying waste finibus expulsum patriis nova regna petentem rich Cyprus and as victor held it by his authority. auxilio Beli; genitor tum Belus opimam Since then the fall of the Trojan city is known to me vastabat Cyprum et victor dicione tenebat. and your name and those of the Greek kings. Tempore iam ex illo casus mihi cognitus urbis Even their enemy granted the Teucrians high praise Troianae nomenque tuum regesque Pelasgi. maintaining they were born of the ancient Teucrian stock. Ipse hostis Teucros insigni laude ferebat So come young lords and enter our palace. seque ortum antiqua Teucrorum ab stirpe volebat. Fortune pursuing me too through many similar troubles Quare agite O tectis iuvenes willed that I would find peace at last in this land. Me quoque per multos similis fortuna labores Not being unknown to evil IÌve learned to aid the unhappy.Ì iactatam hac demum voluit consistere terra. So she speaks and leads Aeneas into the royal house Non ignara mali miseris succurrere disco.' and proclaims as well offerings at the godÌs temples. She sends no less than twenty bulls to his friends Sic memorat; simul Aenean in regia ducit on the shore and a hundred of her largest pigs with tecta simul divom templis indicit honorem. bristling backs a hundred fat lambs with the ewes Nec minus interea sociis ad litora mittit and joyful gifts of wine but the interior of the palace viginti tauros magnorum horrentia centum is laid out with royal luxury and they prepare terga suum pinguis centum cum matribus agnos a feast in the centre of the palace: covers worked munera laetitiamque dii. skilfully in princely purple massive silverware on the tables and her forefathersÌ heroic deeds At domus interior regali splendida luxu engraved in gold a long series of exploits traced instruitur mediisque parant convivia tectis: through many heroes since the ancient origins of her people. arte laboratae vestes ostroque superbo Aeneas quickly sends Achates to the ships ingens argentum mensis caelataque in auro to carry the news to Ascanius (since a fatherÌs love fortia facta patrum series longissima rerum wonÌt let his mind rest) and bring him to the city: per tot ducta viros antiqua ab origine gentis. on Ascanius all the care of a fond parent is fixed. He commands him to bring gifts too snatched Aeneas (neque enim patrius consistere mentem from the ruins of Troy a figured robe stiff with gold passus amor) rapidum ad navis praemittit Achaten and a cloak fringed with yellow acanthus Ascanio ferat haec ipsumque ad moenia ducat; worn by Helen of Argos brought from Mycenae omnis in Ascanio cari stat cura parentis. when she sailed to Troy and her unlawful marriage Munera praeterea Iliacis erepta ruinis a wonderful gift from her mother Leda: ferre iubet pallam signis auroque rigentem and the sceptre that Ilione PriamÌs eldest daughter et circumtextum croceo velamen acantho once carried and a necklace of pearls and a double-coronet ornatus Argivae Helenae quos illa Mycenis of jewels and gold. Achates hastening to fulfil Pergama cum peteret inconcessosque hymenaeos these commands took his way towards the ships. extulerat matris Ledae mirabile donum: praeterea sceptrum Ilione quod gesserat olim maxima natarum Priami colloque monile bacatum et duplicem gemmis auroque coronam. But Venus was planning new wiles and stratagems Haec celerans ita ad naves tendebat Achates. in her heart: how Cupid altered in looks might arrive in place of sweet Ascanius and arouse the passionate queen At Cytherea novas artes nova pectore versat by his gifts and entwine the fire in her bones: truly she fears Consilia ut faciem mutatus et ora Cupido the unreliability of this house and the duplicitous Tyrians: pro dulci Ascanio veniat donisque furentem unyielding Juno angers her and her worries increase with nightfall. incendat reginam atque ossibus implicet ignem; So she speaks these words to winged Cupid: quippe domum timet ambiguam Tyriosque bilinguis; ËMy son you who alone are my great strength my power urit atrox Iuno et sub noctem cura recursat. a son who scorns mighty JupiterÌs Typhoean thunderbolts Ergo his aligerum dictis adfatur Amorem: I ask your help and humbly call on your divine will. ItÌs known to you how Aeneas your brother is driven 'Nate meae vires mea magna potentia solus over the sea round all the shores by bitter JunoÌs hatred nate patris summi qui tela Typhoia temnis and you have often grieved with my grief. ad te confugio et supplex tua numina posco. Phoenician Dido holds him there delaying him with flattery Frater ut Aeneas pelago tuus omnia circum and I fear what may come of JunoÌs hospitality: litora iactetur odiis Iunonis iniquae at such a critical turn of events sheÌll not be idle. nota tibi et nostro doluisti saepe dolore. So I intend to deceive the queen with guile and encircle Hunc Phoenissa tenet Dido blandisque moratur her with passion so that no divine will can rescue her vocibus; et vereor quo se Iunonia vertant but sheÌll be seized with me by deep love for Aeneas. hospitia; haud tanto cessabit cardine rerum. Now listen to my thoughts on how you can achieve this. Quocirca capere ante dolis et cingere flamma Summoned by his dear father the royal child reginam meditor ne quo se numine mutet my greatest concern prepares to go to the Sidonian city sed magno Aeneae mecum teneatur amore. carrying gifts that survived the sea and the flames of Troy. Qua facere id possis nostram nunc accipe mentem. IÌll lull him to sleep and hide him in my sacred shrine Regius accitu cari genitoris ad urbem on the heights of Cythera or Idalium so he can know Sidoniam puer ire parat mea maxima cura nothing of my deceptions or interrupt them mid-way. dona ferens pelago et flammis restantia Troiae: For no more than a single night imitate his looks by art hunc ego sopitum somno super alta Cythera and a boy yourself take on the known face of a boy aut super Idalium sacrata sede recondam so that when Dido takes you to her breast joyfully ne qua scire dolos mediusve occurrere possit. amongst the royal feast and the flowing wine Tu faciem illius noctem non amplius unam when she embraces you and plants sweet kisses on you falle dolo et notos pueri puer indue voltus youÌll breathe hidden fire into her deceive her with your poison.Ì ut cum te gremio accipiet laetissima Dido Cupid obeys his dear motherÌs words sets aside his wings regalis inter mensas laticemque Lyaeum and laughingly trips along with IulusÌs step. cum dabit amplexus atque oscula dulcia figet But Venus pours gentle sleep over AscaniusÌs limbs occultum inspires ignem fallasque veneno.' and warming him in her breast carries him with divine power to IdaliaÌs high groves where soft marjoram smothers him Paret Amor dictis carae genetricis et alas in flowers and the breath of its sweet shade. exuit et gressu gaudens incedit Iuli. At Venus Ascanio placidam per membra quietem inrigat et fotum gremio dea tollit in altos Now obedient to her orders delighting in Achetes as guide Idaliae lucos ubi mollis amaracus illum Cupid goes off carrying royal gifts for the Tyrians. floribus et dulci adspirans complectitur umbra. When he arrives the queen has already settled herself in the centre on her golden couch under royal canopies. Iamque ibat dicto parens et dona Cupido Now our forefather Aeneas and the youth of Troy regia portabat Tyriis duce laetus Achate. gather there and recline on cloths of purple. Cum venit aulaeis iam se regina superbis Servants pour water over their hands: serve bread aurea composuit sponda mediamque locavit. from baskets: and bring napkins of smooth cloth. Iam pater Aeneas et iam Troiana iuventus Inside there are fifty female servants in a long line conveniunt stratoque super discumbitur ostro. whose task it is to prepare the meal and tend the hearth fires: Dant famuli manibus lymphas Cereremque canistris a hundred more and as many pages of like age expediunt tonsisque ferunt mantelia villis. to load the tables with food and fill the cups. Quinquaginta intus famulae quibus ordine longam And the Tyrians too are gathered in crowds through the festive cura penum struere et flammis adolere Penatis; halls summoned to recline on the embroidered couches. centum aliae totidemque pares aetate ministri They marvel at AeneasÌs gifts marvel at Iulus qui dapibus mensas onerent et pocula ponant. the godÌs brilliant appearance and deceptive words Nec non et Tyrii per limina laeta frequentes at the robe and the cloak embroidered with yellow acanthus. convenere toris iussi discumbere pictis. The unfortunate Phoenician above all doomed to future ruin Mirantur dona Aeneae mirantur Iulum cannot pacify her feelings and catches fire with gazing flagrantisque dei voltus simulataque verba stirred equally by the child and by the gifts. [pallamque et pictum croceo velamen acantho.] He having hung in an embrace round AeneasÌs neck Praecipue infelix pesti devota futurae and sated the deceived fatherÌs great love expleri mentem nequit ardescitque tuendo seeks out the queen. Dido clings to him with her eyes Phoenissa et pariter puero donisque movetur. and with her heart taking him now and then on her lap Ille ubi complexu Aeneae colloque pependit unaware how great a god is entering her to her sorrow. et magnum falsi implevit genitoris amorem But he remembering his Cyprian motherÌs wishes reginam petit haec oculis haec pectore toto begins gradually to erase all thought of Sychaeus haeret et interdum gremio fovet inscia Dido and works at seducing her mind so long unstirred insidat quantus miserae deus; at memor ille and her heart unused to love with living passion. matris Acidaliae paulatim abolere Sychaeum incipit et vivo temptat praevertere amore iam pridem resides animos desuetaque corda. At the first lull in the feasting the tables were cleared Postquam prima quies epulis mensaeque remotae and they set out vast bowls and wreathed the wine with garlands. crateras magnos statuunt et vina coronant. Noise filled the palace and voices rolled out across the wide halls: Fit strepitus tectis vocemque per ampla volutant bright lamps hung from the golden ceilings atria; dependent lychni laquearibus aureis and blazing candles dispelled the night. incensi et noctem flammis funalia vincunt. Then the queen asked for a drinking-cup heavy Hic regina gravem gemmis auroque poposcit with gold and jewels that Belus and all BelusÌs line implevitque mero pateram quam Belus et omnes were accustomed to use and filled it a Belo soliti; tum facta silentia tectis: with wine. Then the halls were silent. She spoke: 'Iuppiter hospitibus nam te dare iura loquuntur ËJupiter since they say youÌre the one who creates hunc laetum Tyriisque diem Troiaque profectis the laws of hospitality let this be a happy day esse velis nostrosque huius meminisse minores. for the Tyrians and those from Troy Adsit laetitiae Bacchus dator et bona Iuno; and let it be remembered by our children. et vos O coetum Let Bacchus the joy-bringer and kind Juno be present Dixit et in mensam laticum libavit honorem and you O Phoenicians make this gathering festive.Ì primaque libato summo tenus attigit ore She spoke and poured an offering of wine onto the table tum Bitiae dedit increpitans; ille impiger hausit and after the libation was the first to touch the bowl to her lips spumantem pateram et pleno se proluit auro then she gave it to Bitias challenging him: he briskly drained post alii proceres. Cithara crinitus Iopas the brimming cup drenching himself in its golden fullness personat aurata docuit quem maximus Atlas. then other princes drank. Iolas the long-haired made Hic canit errantem lunam solisque labores; his golden lyre resound he whom great Atlas taught. unde hominum genus et pecudes; unde imber et ignes; He sang of the wandering moon and the sunÌs labours Arcturum pluviasque Hyadas geminosque Triones; where men and beasts came from and rain and fire quid tantum Oceano properent se tinguere soles of Arcturus the rainy Hyades the two Bears: hiberni vel quae tardis mora noctibus obstet. why the winter suns rush to dip themselves in the sea Ingeminant plausu Tyrii Troesque sequuntur. and what delay makes the slow nights linger. Nec non et vario noctem sermone trahebat The Tyrians redoubled their applause the Trojans too. infelix Dido longumque bibebat amorem And unfortunate Dido she too spent the night multa super Priamo rogitans super Hectore multa; in conversation and drank deep of her passion nunc quibus Aurorae venisset filius armis asking endlessly about Priam and Hector: nunc quales Diomedis equi nunc quantus Achilles. now about the armour that Memnon son of the Dawn 'Immo age et a prima dic hospes came with to Troy what kind were DiomedÌs horses insidias ' inquit 'Danaum how great was Achilles. ËBut come my guest tell us erroresque tuos; nam te iam septima portat from the start all the Greek trickery your menÌs mishaps omnibus errantem terris et fluctibus aestas.' and your wanderings: since itÌs the seventh summer now CONTICUERE omnes intentique ora tenebant. that brings you here in your journey over every land and sea.Ì Inde toro pater Aeneas sic orsus ab alto: They were all silent and turned their faces towards him intently. Infandum regina iubes renovare dolorem Then from his high couch our forefather Aeneas began: Troianas ut opes et lamentabile regnum ËO queen you command me to renew unspeakable grief eruerint Danai; quaeque ipse miserrima vidi how the Greeks destroyed the riches of Troy et quorum pars magna fui. Quis talia fando and the sorrowful kingdom miseries I saw myself Myrmidonum Dolopumve aut duri miles Ulixi and in which I played a great part. What Myrmidon temperet a lacrimis? Et iam nox umida caelo or Dolopian or warrior of fierce Ulysses could keep praecipitat suadentque cadentia sidera somnos. from tears in telling such a story? Now the dew-filled night Sed si tantus amor casus cognoscere nostros is dropping from the sky and the setting stars urge sleep. et breviter Troiae supremum audire laborem But if you have such desire to learn of our misfortunes quamquam animus meminisse horret luctuque refugit and briefly hear of TroyÌs last agonies though my mind incipiam. Fracti bello fatisque repulsi shudders at the memory and recoils in sorrow IÌll begin. ductores Danaum tot iam labentibus annis ËAfter many years have slipped by the leaders of the Greeks instar montis equum divina Palladis arte opposed by the Fates and damaged by the war aedificant sectaque intexunt abiete costas: build a horse of mountainous size through PallasÌs divine art votum pro reditu simulant; ea fama vagatur. and weave planks of fir over its ribs: Huc delecta virum sortiti corpora furtim they pretend itÌs a votive offering: this rumour spreads. includunt caeco lateri penitusque cavernas They secretly hide a picked body of men chosen by lot ingentis uterumque armato milite complent. there in the dark body filling the belly and the huge cavernous insides with armed warriors. Est in conspectu Tenedos notissima fama Tenedos is within sight an island known to fame insula dives opum Priami dum regna manebant rich in wealth when PriamÌs kingdom remained nunc tantum sinus et statio male fida carinis: now just a bay and an unsafe anchorage for boats: huc se provecti deserto in litore condunt. they sail there and hide themselves on the lonely shore. Nos abiisse rati et vento petiisse Mycenas: We thought they had gone and were seeking Mycenae ergo omnis longo solvit se Teucria luctu; with the wind. So all the Trojan land was free of its long sorrow. panduntur portae; iuvat ire et Dorica castra The gates were opened: it was a joy to go and see the Greek camp desertosque videre locos litusque relictum. the deserted site and the abandoned shore. Hic Dolopum manus hic saevus tendebat Achilles; Here the Dolopians stayed here cruel Achilles classibus hic locus; hic acie certare solebant. here lay the fleet here they used to meet us in battle. Pars stupet innuptae donum exitiale Minervae Some were amazed at virgin MinervaÌs fatal gift et molem mirantur equi; primusque Thymoetes and marvel at the horseÌs size: and at first Thymoetes duci intra muros hortatur et arce locari whether through treachery or because TroyÌs fate was certain sive dolo seu iam Troiae sic fata ferebant. urged that it be dragged inside the walls and placed on the citadel. At Capys et quorum melior sententia menti But Capys and those of wiser judgement commanded us aut pelago Danaum insidias suspectaque dona to either hurl this deceit of the Greeks this suspect gift praecipitare iubent subiectisque urere flammis into the sea or set fire to it from beneath aut terebrare cavas uteri et temptare latebras. or pierce its hollow belly and probe for hiding places. Scinditur incertum studia in contraria volgus. The crowd uncertain was split by opposing opinions. Then Laoco”n rushes down eagerly from the heights Primus ibi ante omnis magna comitante caterva of the citadel to confront them all a large crowd with him Laocoon ardens summa decurrit ab arce and shouts from far off: ËO unhappy citizens what madness? et procul: 'O miseri quae tanta insania cives? Do you think the enemyÌs sailed away? Or do you think Creditis avectos hostis? Aut ulla putatis any Greek giftÌs free of treachery? Is that UlyssesÌs reputation? dona carere dolis Danaum? Sic notus Ulixes? Either there are Greeks in hiding concealed by the wood aut hoc inclusi ligno occultantur Achivi or itÌs been built as a machine to use against our walls aut haec in nostros fabricata est machina muros or spy on our homes or fall on the city from above inspectura domos venturaque desuper urbi or it hides some other trick: Trojans donÌt trust this horse. aut aliquis latet error; equo ne credite Teucri. Whatever it is IÌm afraid of Greeks even those bearing gifts.Ì Quicquid id est timeo Danaos et dona ferentis.' So saying he hurled his great spear with extreme force Sic fatus validis ingentem viribus hastam at the creatureÌs side and into the frame of the curved belly. in latus inque feri curvam compagibus alvum The spear stuck quivering and at the wombÌs reverberation contorsit: stetit illa tremens uteroque recusso the cavity rang hollow and gave out a groan. insonuere cavae gemitumque dedere cavernae. And if the godsÌ fate if our minds had not been ill-omened Et si fata deum si mens non laeva fuisset heÌd have incited us to mar the Greeks hiding-place with steel: impulerat ferro Argolicas foedare latebras Troy would still stand: and you high tower of Priam would remain. Troiaque nunc stares Priamique arx alta Ecce manus iuvenem interea post terga revinctum See meanwhile some Trojan shepherds shouting loudly pastores magno ad regem clamore trahebant dragging a youth his hands tied behind his back to the king. Dardanidae qui se ignotum venientibus ultro In order to contrive this and lay Troy open to the Greeks hoc ipsum ut strueret Troiamque aperiret Achivis he had placed himself in their path calm in mind and ready obtulerat fidens animi atque in utrumque paratus for either course: to engage in deception or find certain death. seu versare dolos seu certae occumbere morti. The Trojan youth run crowding round from all sides Undique visendi studio Troiana iuventus to see him and compete in mocking the captive. circumfusa ruit certantque inludere capto. Listen now to Greek treachery and learn of all their crimes Accipe nunc Danaum insidias et crimine ab uno from just this one. Since as he stood looking troubled disce omnes. unarmed amongst the gazing crowd and cast his eyes around the Phrygian ranks Namque ut conspectu in medio turbatus inermis he said: ËAh! What land what seas would accept me now? constitit atque oculis Phrygia agmina circumspexit: WhatÌs left for me at the last in my misery I who have 'Heu quae nunc tellus' inquit 'quae me aequora possunt no place among the Greeks when the hostile Trojans accipere? Aut quid iam misero mihi denique restat themselves demand my punishment and my blood? cui neque apud Danaos usquam locus et super ipsi At this the mood changed and all violence was checked. Dardanidae infensi poenas cum sanguine poscunt?' We urged him to say what blood he was sprung from Quo gemitu conversi animi compressus et omnis and why he suffered: and tell us what trust could be placed impetus. Hortamur fari; quo sanguine cretus in him as a captive. Setting fear aside at last he speaks: quidve ferat memoret quae sit fiducia capto. ÍO king IÌll tell you the whole truth whatever happens [Ille haec deposita tandem formidine fatur:] and indeed IÌll not deny that IÌm of Argive birth: this first of all: if Fortune has made me wretched 'Cuncta equidem tibi Rex fuerit quodcumque sheÌll not also wrongly make me false and a liar. vera inquit; neque me Argolica de gente negabo: If by any chance some mention of PalamedesÌs name hoc primum; nec si miserum Fortuna Sinonem has reached your ears son of Belus and talk finxit vanum etiam mendacemque improba finget. of his glorious fame he whom the Pelasgians Fando aliquod si forte tuas pervenit ad auris on false charges of treason by atrocious perjury Belidae nomen Palamedis et incluta fama because he opposed the war sent innocent to his death gloria quem falsa sub proditione Pelasgi and who they mourn now heÌs taken from the light: insontem infando indicio quia bella vetabat well my father being poor sent me here to the war demisere neci nunc cassum lumine lugent. when I was young as his friend as we were blood relatives. Illi me comitem et consanguinitate propinquum While Palamades was safe in power and prospered pauper in arma pater primis huc misit ab annis in the kingsÌ council I also had some name and respect. dum stabat regno incolumis regumque vigebat But when he passed from this world above through consiliis et nos aliquod nomenque decusque the jealousy of plausible Ulysses (the taleÌs not unknown) gessimus. Invidia postquam pellacis Ulixi--- I was ruined and spent my life in obscurity and grief haud ignota loquor---superis concessit ab oris inwardly angry at the fate of my innocent friend. adflictus vitam in tenebris luctuque trahebam Maddened I could not be silent and I promised if chance allowed et casum insontis mecum indignabar amici. and if I ever returned as a victor to my native Argos Nec tacui demens et me fors si qua tulisset to avenge him and with my words stirred bitter hatred. si patrios umquam remeassem victor ad Argos The first hint of trouble came to me from this because of it promisi ultorem et verbis odia aspera movi. Ulysses was always frightening me with new accusations Hinc mihi prima mali labes hinc semper Ulixes spreading veiled rumours among the people and guiltily criminibus terrere novis hinc spargere voces seeking to defend himself. He would not rest till with Calchas in volgum ambiguas et quaerere conscius arma. as his instrument Ä but why I do unfold this unwelcome story? Nec requievit enim donec Calchante ministro--- Why hinder you? If you consider all Greeks the same sed quid ego haec autem nequiquam ingrata revolvo? and thatÌs sufficient take your vengeance now: thatÌs what Quidve moror si omnis uno ordine habetis Achivos the Ithacan wants and the sons of Atreus would pay dearly for.Î idque audire sat est? Iamdudum sumite poenas Then indeed we were on fire to ask and seek the cause hoc Ithacus velit et magno mercentur Atridae.' ignorant of such wickedness and Pelasgian trickery. Trembling with fictitious feelings he continued saying: Tum vero ardemus scitari et quaerere causas ÍThe Greeks weary with the long war often longed ignari scelerum tantorum artisque Pelasgae. to leave Troy and execute a retreat: if only they had! Prosequitur pavitans et ficto pectore fatur: Often a fierce storm from the sea land-locked them and the gale terrified them from leaving: 'Saepe fugam Danai Troia cupiere relicta once that horse made of maple-beams stood there moliri et longo fessi discedere bello; especially then storm-clouds thundered in the sky. fecissentque utinam! Saepe illos aspera ponti Anxious we send Eurypylus to consult PhoebusÌs oracle interclusit hiemps et terruit Auster euntis. and he brings back these dark words from the sanctuary: Praecipue cum iam hic trabibus contextus acernis ËWith blood and a virgin sacrifice you calmed the winds staret equus toto sonuerunt aethere nimbi. O Greeks when you first came to these Trojan shores seek your Suspensi Eurypylum scitantem oracula Phoebi return in blood and the well-omened sacrifice of an Argive life.Ì mittimus isque adytis haec tristia dicta reportat: When this reached the ears of the crowd their minds were stunned ''Sanguine placastis ventos et virgine caesa and an icy shudder ran to their deepest marrow: cum primum Iliacas Danai venistis ad oras; who readies this fate whom does Apollo choose? sanguine quaerendi reditus animaque litandum At this the Ithacan thrust the seer Calchas into their midst Argolica.'' Volgi quae vox ut venit ad auris demanding to know what the godÌs will might be obstipuere animi gelidusque per ima cucurrit among the uproar. Many were already cruelly prophesying ossa tremor cui fata parent quem poscat Apollo. that ingenious manÌs wickedness towards me and silently saw what was coming. For ten days the seer kept silence refusing 'Hic Ithacus vatem magno Calchanta tumultu to reveal the secret by his words or condemn anyone to death. protrahit in medios; quae sint ea numina divom But at last urged on by UlyssesÌs loud clamour he broke flagitat; et mihi iam multi crudele canebant into speech as agreed and doomed me to the altar. artificis scelus et taciti ventura videbant. All acclaimed it and what each feared himself they endured Bis quinos silet ille dies tectusque recusat when directed alas towards one manÌs destruction. prodere voce sua quemquam aut opponere morti. Now the terrible day arrived the rites were being prepared Vix tandem magnis Ithaci clamoribus actus for me the salted grain and the headbands for my forehead. composito rumpit vocem et me destinat arae. I confess I saved myself from death burst my bonds Adsensere omnes et quae sibi quisque timebat and all that night hid by a muddy lake among the reeds unius in miseri exitium conversa tulere. till they set sail if as it happened they did. Iamque dies infanda aderat; mihi sacra parari And now IÌve no hope of seeing my old country again et salsae fruges et circum tempora vittae: or my sweet children or the father I long for: eripui fateor leto me perhaps theyÌll seek to punish them for my flight limosoque lacu per noctem obscurus in ulva and avenge my crime through the death of these unfortunates. delitui dum vela darent si forte dedissent. But I beg you by the gods by divine power that knows the truth Nec mihi iam patriam antiquam spes ulla videndi by whatever honour anywhere remains pure among men have pity nec dulcis natos exoptatumque parentem; on such troubles pity the soul that endures undeserved suffering.Î quos illi fors et poenas ob nostra reposcent effugia et culpam hanc miserorum morte piabunt. Quod te per superos et conscia numina veri per si qua est quae restet adhuc mortalibus usquam With these tears we grant him his life and also pity him. intemerata fides oro miserere laborum Priam himself is the first to order his manacles and tight bonds tantorum miserere animi non digna ferentis.' removed and speaks these words of kindness to him: ÍFrom now on whoever you are forget the Greeks lost to you: His lacrimis vitam damus et miserescimus ultro. youÌll be one of us. And explain to me truly what I ask: Ipse viro primus manicas atque arta levari Why have they built this huge hulk of a horse? Who created it? vincla iubet Priamus dictisque ita fatur amicis: What do they aim at? What religious object or war machine is it?Î 'Quisquis es amissos hinc iam obliviscere Graios; He spoke: the other schooled in Pelasgian art and trickery noster eris mihique haec edissere vera roganti: raised his unbound palms towards the stars saying: Quo molem hanc immanis equi statuere? Quis auctor? ÍYou eternal fires in your invulnerable power be witness Quidve petunt? Quae religio aut quae machina belli?' you altars and impious swords I escaped Dixerat. Ille dolis instructus et arte Pelasga you sacrificial ribbons of the gods that I wore as victim: sustulit exutas vinclis ad sidera palmas: with right I break the GreekÌs solemn oaths with right I hate them and if things are hidden 'Vos aeterni ignes et non violabile vestrum bring them to light: IÌm bound by no laws of their country. testor numen' ait 'vos arae ensesque nefandi Only Troy maintain your assurances if I speak truth if I repay quos fugi vittaeque deum quas hostia gessi: you handsomely: kept intact yourself keep your promises intact. fas mihi Graiorum sacrata resolvere iura All the hopes of the Greeks and their confidence to begin the war fas odisse viros atque omnia ferre sub auras always depended on PallasÌs aid. But from that moment si qua tegunt; teneor patriae nec legibus ullis. when the impious son of Tydeus Diomede and Ulysses Tu modo promissis maneas servataque serves inventor of wickedness approached the fateful Palladium to snatch Troia fidem si vera feram si magna rependam. it from its sacred temple killing the guards on the citadelÌs heights and dared to seize the holy statue and touch the sacred ribbons 'Omnis spes Danaum et coepti fiducia belli of the goddess with blood-soaked hands: from that moment Palladis auxiliis semper stetit. Impius ex quo the hopes of the Greeks receded and slipping backwards ebbed: Tydides sed enim scelerumque inventor Ulixes their power fragmented and the mind of the goddess opposed them. fatale adgressi sacrato avellere templo Pallas gave sign of this and not with dubious portents Palladium caesis summae custodibus arcis for scarcely was the statue set up in camp when glittering flames corripuere sacram effigiem manibusque cruentis shone from the upturned eyes a salt sweat ran over its limbs virgineas ausi divae contingere vittas; and (wonderful to tell) she herself darted from the ground ex illo fluere ac retro sublapsa referri with shield on her arm and spear quivering. spes Danaum fractae vires aversa deae mens. Calchas immediately proclaimed that the flight by sea must be Nec dubiis ea signa dedit Tritonia monstris. attempted and that Troy cannot be uprooted by Argive weapons Vix positum castris simulacrum arsere coruscae unless they renew the omens at Argos and take the goddess home luminibus flammae arrectis salsusque per artus whom they have indeed taken by sea in their curved ships. sudor iit terque ipsa solo---mirabile dictu--- And now they are heading for their native Mycenae with the wind emicuit parmamque ferens hastamque trementem. obtaining weapons and the friendship of the gods re-crossing the sea to arrive unexpectedly So Calchas reads the omens. 'Extemplo temptanda fuga canit aequora Calchas Warned by him theyÌve set up this statue of a horse nec posse Argolicis exscindi Pergama telis for the wounded goddess instead of the Palladium omina ni repetant Argis numenque reducant to atone severely for their sin. And Calchas ordered them quod pelago et curvis secum avexere carinis. to raise the huge mass of woven timbers raised to the sky Et nunc quod patrias vento petiere Mycenas so the gates would not take it nor could it be dragged arma deosque parant comites pelagoque remenso inside the walls or watch over the people in their ancient rites. improvisi aderunt: ita digerit omina Calchas. Since if your hands violated MinervaÌs gift Hanc pro Palladio moniti pro numine laeso then utter ruin (may the gods first turn that prediction effigiem statuere nefas quae triste piaret. on themselves!) would come to Priam and the Trojans: Hanc tamen immensam Calchas attollere molem yet if it ascended into your citadel dragged by your hands roboribus textis caeloque educere iussit Asia would come to the very walls of Pelops in mighty war ne recipi portis aut duci in moenia possit and a like fate would await our children.Î neu populum antiqua sub religione tueri. Nam si vestra manus violasset dona Minervae tum magnum exitium (quod di prius omen in ipsum convertant!) Priami imperio Phrygibusque futurum; Through these tricks and the skill of perjured Sinon the thing was sin manibus vestris vestram ascendisset in urbem credited and we were trapped by his wiliness and false tears ultro Asiam magno Pelopea ad moenia bello we who were not conquered by Diomede or Larissan Achilles venturam et nostros ea fata manere nepotes.' nor by the ten years of war nor those thousand ships. Then something greater and more terrible befalls Talibus insidiis periurique arte Sinonis us wretches and stirs our unsuspecting souls. credita res captique dolis lacrimisque coactis Laoco”n chosen by lot as priest of Neptune quos neque Tydides nec Larisaeus Achilles was sacrificing a huge bull at the customary altar. non anni domuere decem non mille carinae. See a pair of serpents with huge coils snaking over the sea from Tenedos through the tranquil deep (I shudder to tell it) Hic aliud maius miseris multoque tremendum and heading for the shore side by side: their fronts lift high obicitur magis atque improvida pectora turbat. over the tide and their blood-red crests top the waves Laocoon ductus Neptuno sorte sacerdos the rest of their body slides through the ocean behind sollemnis taurum ingentem mactabat ad aras. and their huge backs arch in voluminous folds. Ecce autem gemini a Tenedo tranquilla per alta--- ThereÌs a roar from the foaming sea: now they reach the shore horresco referens---immensis orbibus angues and with burning eyes suffused with blood and fire incumbunt pelago pariterque ad litora tendunt; lick at their hissing jaws with flickering tongues. pectora quorum inter fluctus arrecta iubaeque Blanching at the sight we scatter. They move sanguineae superant undas; pars cetera pontum on a set course towards Laoco”n: and first each serpent pone legit sinuatque immensa volumine terga. entwines the slender bodies of his two sons Fit sonitus spumante salo; iamque arva tenebant and biting at them devours their wretched limbs: ardentisque oculos suffecti sanguine et igni then as he comes to their aid weapons in hand they seize him too sibila lambebant linguis vibrantibus ora. and wreathe him in massive coils: now encircling his waist twice Diffugimus visu exsangues: illi agmine certo twice winding their scaly folds around his throat Laocoonta petunt; et primum parva duorum their high necks and heads tower above him. corpora natorum serpens amplexus uterque He strains to burst the knots with his hands implicat et miseros morsu depascitur artus; his sacred headband drenched in blood and dark venom post ipsum auxilio subeuntem ac tela ferentem while he sends terrible shouts up to the heavens corripiunt spirisque ligant ingentibus; et iam like the bellowing of a bull that has fled wounded bis medium amplexi bis collo squamea circum from the altar shaking the useless axe from its neck. terga dati superant capite et cervicibus altis. But the serpent pair escape slithering away to the high temple Ille simul manibus tendit divellere nodos and seek the stronghold of fierce Pallas to hide there perfusus sanie vittas atroque veneno under the goddessÌs feet and the circle of her shield. clamores simul horrendos ad sidera tollit: quales mugitus fugit cum saucius aram taurus et incertam excussit cervice securim. Then in truth a strange terror steals through each shuddering heart At gemini lapsu delubra ad summa dracones and they say that Laoco”n has justly suffered for his crime effugiunt saevaeque petunt Tritonidis arcem in wounding the sacred oak-tree with his spear sub pedibusque deae clipeique sub orbe teguntur. by hurling its wicked shaft into the trunk. Tum vero tremefacta novus per pectora cunctis ÍPull the statue to her houseÎ they shout insinuat pavor et scelus expendisse merentem Íand offer prayers to the goddessÌs divinity.Î Laocoonta ferunt sacrum qui cuspide robur We breached the wall and opened up the defences of the city. laeserit et tergo sceleratam intorserit hastam. All prepare themselves for the work and they set up wheels Ducendum ad sedes simulacrum orandaque divae allowing movement under its feet and stretch hemp ropes numina conclamant. round its neck. That engine of fate mounts our walls pregnant with armed men. Around it boys and virgin girls Dividimus muros et moenia pandimus urbis. sing sacred songs and delight in touching their hands to the ropes: Accingunt omnes operi pedibusque rotarum Up it glides and rolls threateningly into the midst of the city. subiciunt lapsus et stuppea vincula collo O my country O Ilium house of the gods and you intendunt: scandit fatalis machina muros Trojan walls famous in war! Four times it sticks at the threshold feta armis. Pueri circum innuptaeque puellae of the gates and four times the weapons clash in its belly: sacra canunt funemque manu contingere gaudent. yet we press on regardless blind with frenzy Illa subit mediaeque minans inlabitur urbi. and site the accursed creature on top of our sacred citadel. O patria O divom domus Ilium et incluta bello Even then Cassandra who by the godÌs decree is never moenia Dardanidum quater ipso in limine portae to be believed by Trojans reveals our future fate with her lips. substitit atque utero sonitum quater arma dedere: We unfortunate ones for whom that day is our last instamus tamen inmemores caecique furore clothe the godsÌ temples throughout the city with festive branches. et monstrum infelix sacrata sistimus arce. Meanwhile the heavens turn and night rushes from the Ocean Tunc etiam fatis aperit Cassandra futuris wrapping the earth and sky and the MyrmidonsÌ tricks ora dei iussu non umquam credita Teucris. in its vast shadow: through the city the Trojans Nos delubra deum miseri quibus ultimus esset fall silent: sleep enfolds their weary limbs. ille dies festa velamus fronde per urbem. 'Vertitur interea caelum et ruit oceano nox And now the Greek phalanx of battle-ready ships sailed involvens umbra magna terramque polumque from Tenedos in the benign stillness of the silent moon Myrmidonumque dolos; fusi per moenia Teucri seeking the known shore when the royal galley raised conticuere sopor fessos complectitur artus: a torch and Sinon protected by the godsÌ unjust doom et iam Argiva phalanx instructis navibus ibat sets free the Greeks imprisoned by planks of pine a Tenedo tacitae per amica silentia lunae in the horsesÌ belly. Opened it releases them to the air litora nota petens flammas cum regia puppis and sliding down a lowered rope Thessandrus and Sthenelus extulerat fatisque deum defensus iniquis the leaders and fatal Ulysses emerge joyfully inclusos utero Danaos et pinea furtim from their wooden cave with Acamas Thoas laxat claustra Sinon. Illos patefactus ad auras PeleusÌs son Neoptolemus the noble Machaon reddit equus laetique cavo se robore promunt Menelaus and Epeus who himself devised this trick. Thessandrus Sthenelusque duces et dirus Ulixes They invade the city thatÌs drowned in sleep and wine demissum lapsi per funem Acamasque Thoasque kill the watchmen welcome their comrades Pelidesque Neoptolemus primusque Machaon at the open gates and link their clandestine ranks. et Menelaus et ipse doli fabricator Epeos. It was the hour when first sleep begins for weary mortals Invadunt urbem somno vinoque sepultam; and steals over them as the sweetest gift of the gods. caeduntur vigiles portisque patentibus omnis See in dream before my eyes Hector seemed to stand there accipiunt socios atque agmina conscia iungunt. saddest of all and pouring out great tears torn by the chariot as once he was black with bloody dust Tempus erat quo prima quies mortalibus aegris and his swollen feet pierced by the thongs. incipit et dono divom gratissima serpit. Ah how he looked! How changed he was In somnis ecce ante oculos maestissimus Hector from that Hector who returned wearing AchillesÌs armour visus adesse mihi largosque effundere fletus or who set Trojan flames to the Greek ships! His beard was ragged raptatus bigis ut quondam aterque cruento his hair matted with blood bearing those many wounds he received pulvere perque pedes traiectus lora tumentis. dragged around the walls of his city. Ei mihi qualis erat quantum mutatus ab illo And I seemed to weep myself calling out to him Hectore qui redit exuvias indutus Achilli and speaking to him in words of sorrow: vel Danaum Phrygios iaculatus puppibus ignis ÍOh light of the Troad surest hope of the Trojans squalentem barbam et concretos sanguine crinis what has so delayed you? What shore do you come from volneraque illa gerens quae circum plurima muros Hector the long-awaited? Weary from the many troubles accepit patrios. Ultro flens ipse videbar of our people and our city I see you oh after the death Compellare virum et maestas expromere voces: of so many of your kin! What shameful events have marred 'O lux Dardaniae spes O fidissima Teucrum that clear face? And why do I see these wounds?Ì quae tantae tenuere morae? Quibus Hector ab oris He does not reply nor does he wait on my idle questions exspectate venis? Ut te post multa tuorum but dragging heavy sighs from the depths of his heart he says: funera post varios hominumque urbisque labores ÍAh! Son of the goddess fly tear yourself from the flames. defessi aspicimus! Quae causa indigna serenos The enemy has taken the walls: Troy falls from her high place. foedavit voltus? Aut cur haec volnera cerno?' Enough has been given to Priam and your country: if Pergama could be saved by any hand it would have been saved by this. Ille nihil nec me quaerentem vana moratur Troy entrusts her sacred relics and household gods to you: sed graviter gemitus imo de pectore ducens take them as friends of your fate seek mighty walls for them 'Heu fuge nate dea teque his those you will found at last when you have wandered the seas.Î Hostis habet muros; ruit alto a culmine Troia. So he speaks and brings the sacred headbands in his hands Sat patriae Priamoque datum: si Pergama dextra from the innermost shrine potent Vesta and the undying flame. defendi possent etiam hac defensa fuissent. Sacra suosque tibi commendat Troia penatis: hos cape fatorum comites his moenia quaere Meanwhile the city is confused with grief on every side magna pererrato statues quae denique ponto.' and though my father AnchisesÌs house is remote secluded Sic ait et manibus vittas Vestamque potentem and hidden by trees the sounds grow clearer and clearer aeternumque adytis effert penetralibus ignem. and the terror of war sweeps upon it. I shake off sleep and climb to the highest roof-top Diverso interea miscentur moenia luctu and stand there with ears strained: et magis atque magis quamquam secreta parentis as when fire attacks a wheat-field when the south-wind rages Anchisae domus arboribusque obtecta recessit or the rushing torrent from a mountain stream covers the fields clarescunt sonitus armorumque ingruit horror. drowns the ripe crops the labour of oxen Excutior somno et summi fastigia tecti and brings down the trees headlong and the dazed shepherd ascensu supero atque arrectis auribus adsto: unaware hears the echo from a high rocky peak. in segetem veluti cum flamma furentibus austris Now the truth is obvious and the Greek plot revealed. incidit aut rapidus montano flumine torrens Now the vast hall of Deiphobus is given to ruin sternit agros sternit sata laeta boumque labores the fire over it: now UcalegonÌs nearby blazes: praecipitisque trahit silvas stupet inscius alto the wide Sigean straits throw back the glare. accipiens sonitum saxi de vertice pastor. Then the clamour of men and the blare of trumpets rises. Tum vero manifesta fides Danaumque patescunt Frantically I seize weapons: not because there is much use insidiae. Iam Deiphobi dedit ampla ruinam for weapons but my spirit burns to gather men for battle Volcano superante domus; iam proxumus ardet and race to the citadel with my friends: madness and anger Ucalegon; Sigea igni freta lata relucent. hurl my mind headlong and I think it beautiful to die fighting. Exoritur clamorque virum clangorque tubarum. Now see Panthus escaping the Greek spears Arma amens capio; nec sat rationis in armis Panthus son of Othrys ApolloÌs priest on the citadel sed glomerare manum bello et concurrere in arcem dragging along with his own hands the sacred relics cum sociis ardent animi; furor iraque mentem the conquered gods his little grandchild running frantically praecipitant pulchrumque mori succurrit in armis. to my door: ÍWhereÌs the best advantage Panthus what position should we take?Î IÌd barely spoken when he answered Ecce autem telis Panthus elapsus Achivom with a groan: ÍThe last day comes TroyÌs inescapable hour. Panthus Othryades arcis Phoebique sacerdos Troy is past Ilium is past and the great glory of the Trojans: sacra manu victosque deos parvumque nepotem Jupiter carries all to Argos: the Greeks are lords of the burning city. ipse trahit cursuque amens ad limina tendit. The horse standing high on the ramparts pours out warriors 'Quo res summa loco Panthu? Quam prendimus arcem?' and Sinon the conqueror exultantly stirs the flames. Vix ea fatus eram gemitu cum talia reddit: Others are at the wide-open gates as many thousands 'Venit summa dies et ineluctabile tempus as ever came from great Mycenae: more have blocked Dardaniae: fuimus Troes fuit Ilium et ingens the narrow streets with hostile weapons: gloria Teucrorum; ferus omnia Iuppiter Argos a line of standing steel with naked flickering blades transtulit; incensa Danai dominantur in urbe. is ready for the slaughter: barely the first few guards Arduus armatos mediis in moenibus adstans at the gates attempt to fight and they resist in blind conflict.Î fundit equus victorque Sinon incendia miscet By these words from OthrysÌ son and divine will IÌm thrust insultans; portis alii bipatentibus adsunt amongst the weapons and the flames where the dismal Fury milia quot magnis umquam venere Mycenis; sounds and the roar and the clamour rising to the sky. obsedere alii telis angusta viarum Friends joined me visible in the moonlight Ripheus oppositi; stat ferri acies mucrone corusco and Epytus mighty in battle Hypanis and Dymas stricta parata neci; vix primi proelia temptant gathered to my side and young Coroebus MygdonÌs son: portarum vigiles et caeco Marte resistunt.' by chance heÌd arrived in Troy at that time burning with mad love for Cassandra and brought help Talibus Othryadae dictis et numine divom as a potential son-in-law to Priam and the Trojans in flammas et in arma feror quo tristis Erinys unlucky man who didnÌt listen to the prophecy ullo fremitus vocat et sublatus ad aethera clamor. of his frenzied bride! When I saw them crowded there Addunt se socios Rhipeus et maximus armis eager for battle I began as follows: ÍWarriors bravest Epytus oblati per lunam Hypanisque Dymasque of frustrated spirits if your ardent desire is fixed et lateri adglomerant nostro iuvenisque Coroebus on following me to the end you can see our causeÌs fate. Mygdonides: illis ad Troiam forte diebus All the gods by whom this empire was supported venerat insano Cassandrae incensus amore have departed leaving behind their temples and their altars: et gener auxilium Priamo Phrygibusque ferebat you aid a burning city: let us die and rush into battle. infelix qui non sponsae praecepta furentis The beaten have one refuge to have no hope of refuge.Î audierit. Quos ubi confertos audere in proelia vidi incipio super his: 'Iuvenes fortissima frustra So their young spirits were roused to fury. Then like ravaging pectora si vobis audentem extrema cupido wolves in a dark mist driven blindly by the cruel rage certa sequi quae sit rebus fortuna videtis: of their bellies leaving their young waiting with thirsty jaws excessere omnes adytis arisque relictis we pass through our enemies to certain death and make our way di quibus imperium hoc steterat; succurritis urbi to the heart of the city: dark night envelops us in deep shadow. incensae; moriamur et in media arma ruamus. Who could tell of that destruction in words or equal our pain Una salus victis nullam sperare salutem.' with tears? The ancient city falls she who ruled for so many years: crowds of dead bodies lie here and there in the streets Sic animis iuvenum furor additus: inde lupi ceu among the houses and on the sacred thresholds of the gods. raptores atra in nebula quos improba ventris Nor is it Trojans alone who pay the penalty with their blood: exegit caecos rabies catulique relicti courage returns at times to the hearts of the defeated faucibus exspectant siccis per tela per hostis and the Greek conquerors die. Cruel mourning is everywhere vadimus haud dubiam in mortem mediaeque tenemus everywhere there is panic and many a form of death. urbis iter; nox atra cava circumvolat umbra. First Androgeos meets us with a great crowd of Greeks Quis cladem illius noctis quis funera fando around him unknowingly thinking us allied troops explicet aut possit lacrimis aequare labores? and calls to us in friendly speech as well: Urbs antiqua ruit multos dominata per annos; ÍHurry men! What sluggishness makes you delay so? plurima perque vias sternuntur inertia passim The others are raping and plundering burning Troy: corpora perque domos et religiosa deorum are you only now arriving from the tall ships?Î limina. Nec soli poenas dant sanguine Teucri; He spoke and straight away (since no reply given was quondam etiam victis redit in praecordia virtus credible enough) he knew heÌd fallen into the enemy fold. victoresque cadunt Danai: crudelis ubique He was stunned drew back and stifled his voice. luctus ubique pavor et plurima mortis imago. Like a man who unexpectedly treads on a snake in rough briars as he strides over the ground and shrinks back in sudden fear Primus se Danaum magna comitante caterva as it rears in anger and swells its dark-green neck Androgeos offert nobis socia agmina credens so Androgeos shuddering at the sight of us drew back. inscius atque ultro verbis compellat amicis: We charge forward and surround them closely with weapons 'Festinate viri: nam quae tam sera moratur and ignorant of the place seized by terror as they are we slaughter segnities? Alii rapiunt incensa feruntque them wholesale. Fortune favours our first efforts. Pergama; vos celsis nunc primum a navibus itis.' And at this Coroebus exultant with courage and success cries: Dixit et extemplo neque enim responsa dabantur ÍOh my friends where fortune first points out the path to safety fida satis sensit medios delapsus in hostis. and shows herself a friend let us follow. LetÌs change our shields Obstipuit retroque pedem cum voce repressit: adopt Greek emblems. Courage or deceit: whoÌll question it in war? inprovisum aspris veluti qui sentibus anguem TheyÌll arm us themselves.Î With these words he takes up AndrogeosÌs plumed helmet his shield with its noble markings pressit humi nitens trepidusque repente refugit and straps the GreekÌs sword to his side. Ripheus does likewise attollentem iras et caerula colla tumentem; Dymas too and all the warriors delight in it. Each man haud secus Androgeos visu tremefactus abibat. arms himself with the fresh spoils. We pass on Inruimus densis et circumfundimur armis mingling with the Greeks with gods that are not our known ignarosque loci passim et formidine captos and clash in many an armed encounter in the blind night sternimus: adspirat primo fortuna labori. and we send many a Greek down to Orcus. Some scatter to the ships and run for safer shores Atque hic successu exsultans animisque Coroebus some in humiliated terror climb the vast horse again 'O socii qua prima' inquit 'fortuna salutis and hide in the womb they know. monstrat iter quoque ostendit se dextra sequamur mutemus clipeos Danaumque insignia nobis aptemus: dolus an virtus quis in hoste requirat? ÍAh put no faith in anything the will of the gods opposes! Arma dabunt ipsi.' Sic fatus deinde comantem See PriamÌs virgin daughter dragged with streaming hair Androgei galeam clipeique insigne decorum from the sanctuary and temple of Minerva induitur laterique Argivum accommodat ensem. lifting her burning eyes to heaven in vain: Hoc Rhipeus hoc ipse Dymas omnisque iuventus her eyes since cords restrained her gentle hands. laeta facit; spoliis se quisque recentibus armat. Coroebus could not stand the sight maddened in mind Vadimus immixti Danais haud numine nostro and hurled himself among the ranks seeking death. multaque per caecam congressi proelia noctem We follow him and weapons locked charge together. conserimus multos Danaum demittimus Orco. Here at first we were overwhelmed by Trojan spears Diffugiunt alii ad navis et litora cursu hurled from the high summit of the temple fida petunt: pars ingentem formidine turpi and wretched slaughter was caused by the look of our armour scandunt rursus equum et nota conduntur in alvo. and the confusion arising from our Greek crests. Then the Danaans gathering from all sides groaning with anger Heu nihil invitis fas quemquam fidere divis! at the girl being pulled away from them rush us Ecce trahebatur passis Priameia virgo Ajax the fiercest the two Atrides all the Greek host: crinibus a templo Cassandra adytisque Minervae just as at the onset of a tempest conflicting winds clash the west ad caelum tendens ardentia lumina frustra --- the south and the east that joys in the horses of dawn: lumina nam teneras arcebant vincula palmas. the forest roars brine-wet Nereus rages with his trident Non tulit hanc speciem furiata mente Coroebus and stirs the waters from their lowest depths. et sese medium iniecit periturus in agmen. Even those we have scattered by a ruse in the dark of night Consequimur cuncti et densis incurrimus armis. and driven right through the city re-appear: for the first time they recognise our shields and deceitful weapons Hic primum ex alto delubri culmine telis and realise our speech differs in sound to theirs. nostrorum obruimur oriturque miserrima caedes In a moment weÌre overwhelmed by weight of numbers: armorum facie et Graiarum errore iubarum. first Coroebus falls by the armed goddessÌs altar at the hands Tum Danai gemitu atque ereptae virginis ira of Peneleus: and Ripheus who was the most just of all the Trojans undique collecti invadunt acerrimus Aiax and keenest for what was right (the godsÌ vision was otherwise): et gemini Atridae Dolopumque exercitus omnis; Hypanis and Dymas die at the hands of allies: adversi rupto ceu quondam turbine venti and your great piety Panthus and ApolloÌs sacred headband confligunt Zephyrusque Notusque et laetus Eois can not defend you in your downfall. Eurus equis; stridunt silvae saevitque tridenti Ashes of Ilium death flames of my people be witness spumeus atque imo Nereus ciet aequora fundo. that at your ruin I did not evade the Danaan weapons Illi etiam si quos obscura nocte per umbram nor the risks and if it had been my fate to die fudimus insidiis totaque agitavimus urbe I earned it with my sword. Then we are separated apparent; primi clipeos mentitaque tela Iphitus and Pelias with me Iphitus weighed down by the years adgnoscunt atque ora sono discordia signant. and Pelias slow-footed wounded by Ulysses: Ilicet obruimur numero; primusque Coroebus immediately weÌre summoned to PriamÌs palace by the clamour. Penelei dextra divae armipotentis ad aram procumbit; cadit et Rhipeus iustissimus unus qui fuit in Teucris et servantissimus aequi: HereÌs a great battle indeed as if the rest of the war were nothing dis aliter visum; pereunt Hypanisque Dymasque as if others were not dying throughout the whole city confixi a sociis; nec te tua plurima Panthu so we see wild War and the Greeks rushing to the palace labentem pietas nec Apollinis infula texit. and the entrance filled with a press of shields. Iliaci cineres et flamma extrema meorum Ladders cling to the walls: men climb the stairs under the very testor in occasu vestro nec tela nec ullas doorposts with their left hands holding defensive shields vitavisse vices Danaum et si fata fuissent against the spears grasping the sloping stone with their right. ut caderem meruisse manu. Divellimur inde In turn the Trojans pull down the turrets and roof-tiles Iphitus et Pelias mecum quorum Iphitus aevo of the halls prepared to defend themselves even in death iam gravior Pelias et volnere tardus Ulixi; seeing the end near them with these as weapons: protinus ad sedes Priami clamore vocati. and send the gilded roof-beams down the glory of their ancient fathers. Others with naked swords block Hic vero ingentem pugnam ceu cetera nusquam the inner doors: these they defend in massed ranks. bella forent nulli tota morerentur in urbe. Our spirits were reinspired to bring help to the kingÌs palace Sic Martem indomitum Danaosque ad tecta ruentis to relieve our warriors with our aid and add power to the beaten. cernimus obsessumque acta testudine limen. There was an entrance with hidden doors and a passage in use Haerent parietibus scalae postisque sub ipsos between PriamÌs halls and a secluded gateway beyond nituntur gradibus clipeosque ad tela sinistris which the unfortunate Andromache while the kingdom stood protecti obiciunt prensant fastigia dextris. often used to traverse going unattended to her husbandÌs parents Dardanidae contra turris ac tota domorum taking the little Astyanax to his grandfather. culmina convellunt; his se quando ultima cernunt I reached the topmost heights of the pediment from which extrema iam in morte parant defendere telis; the wretched Trojans were hurling their missiles in vain. auratasque trabes veterum decora alta parentum A turret standing on the sloping edge and rising from the roof devolvunt; alii strictis mucronibus imas to the sky was one from which all Troy could be seen obsedere fores; has servant agmine denso. the Danaan ships and the Greek camp: and attacking its edges Instaurati animi regis succurrere tectis with our swords where the upper levels offered weaker mortar auxilioque levare viros vimque addere victis. we wrenched it from its high place and sent it flying: falling suddenly it dragged all to ruin with a roar Limen erat caecaeque fores et pervius usus and shattered far and wide over the Greek ranks. tectorum inter se Priami postesque relicti But more arrived and meanwhile neither the stones a tergo infelix qua se dum regna manebant nor any of the various missiles ceased to fly. saepius Andromache ferre incomitata solebat In front of the courtyard itself in the very doorway of the palace ad soceros et avo puerum Astyanacta trahebat. Pyrrhus exults glittering with the sheen of bronze: Evado ad summi fastigia culminis unde like a snake fed on poisonous herbs in the light tela manu miseri iactabant inrita Teucri. that cold winter has held swollen under the ground Turrim in praecipiti stantem summisque sub astra and now gleaming with youth its skin sloughed eductam tectis unde omnis Troia videri ripples its slimy back lifts its front high towards the sun et Danaum solitae naves et Achaia castra and darts its triple-forked tongue from its jaws. adgressi ferro circum qua summa labantis Huge Periphas and Automedon the armour-bearer iuncturas tabulata dabant convellimus altis driver of AchillesÌs team and all the Scyrian youths sedibus impulimusque; ea lapsa repente ruinam advance on the palace together and hurl firebrands onto the roof. cum sonitu trahit et Danaum super agmina late Pyrrhus himself among the front ranks clutching a double-axe incidit: ast alii subeunt nec saxa nec ullum breaks through the stubborn gate and pulls the bronze doors telorum interea cessat genus. from their hinges: and now hewing out the timber he breaches the solid oak and opens a huge window with a gaping mouth. Vestibulum ante ipsum primoque in limine Pyrrhus The palace within appears and the long halls are revealed: exsultat telis et luce coruscus aena; the inner sanctums of Priam and the ancient kings appear qualis ubi in lucem coluber mala gramina pastus and armed men are seen standing on the very threshold. frigida sub terra tumidum quem bruma tegebat nunc positis novus exuviis nitidusque iuventa lubrica convolvit sublato pectore terga arduus ad solem et linguis micat ore trisulcis. But inside the palace groans mingle with sad confusion Una ingens Periphas et equorum agitator Achillis and deep within the hollow halls howl armiger Automedon una omnis Scyria pubes with womenÌs cries: the clamour strikes the golden stars. succedunt tecto et flammas ad culmina iactant. Trembling mothers wander the vast building clasping Ipse inter primos correpta dura bipenni the doorposts and placing kisses on them. Pyrrhus drives forward limina perrumpit postisque a cardine vellit with his father AchillesÌs strength no barricades nor the guards aeratos; iamque excisa trabe firma cavavit themselves can stop him: the door collapses under the ramÌs blows robora et ingentem lato dedit ore fenestram. and the posts collapse wrenched from their sockets. Adparet domus intus et atria longa patescunt; Strength makes a road: the Greeks pour through force a passage adparent Priami et veterum penetralia regum slaughter the front ranks and fill the wide space with their men. armatosque vident stantis in limine primo. A foaming river is not so furious when it floods bursting its banks overwhelms the barriers against it At domus interior gemitu miseroque tumultu and rages in a mass through the fields sweeping cattle and stables miscetur penitusque cavae plangoribus aedes across the whole plain. I saw Pyrrhus myself on the threshold femineis ululant; ferit aurea sidera clamor. mad with slaughter and the two sons of Atreus: Tum pavidae tectis matres ingentibus errant; I saw Hecuba her hundred women and Priam at the altars amplexaeque tenent postis atque oscula figunt. polluting with blood the flames that he himself had sanctified. Instat vi patria Pyrrhus; nec claustra neque ipsi Those fifty chambers the promise of so many offspring custodes sufferre valent; labat ariete crebro the doorposts rich with spoils of barbarian gold ianua et emoti procumbunt cardine postes. crash down: the Greeks possess what the fire spares. Fit via vi; rumpunt aditus primosque trucidant And maybe you ask what was PriamÌs fate. immissi Danai et late loca milite complent. When he saw the end of the captive city the palace doors Non sic aggeribus ruptis cum spumeus amnis wrenched away and the enemy among the inner rooms exiit oppositasque evicit gurgite moles the aged man clasped his long-neglected armour fertur in arva furens cumulo camposque per omnis on his old trembling shoulders and fastened on his useless sword cum stabulis armenta trahit. Vidi ipse furentem and hurried into the thick of the enemy seeking death. caede Neoptolemum geminosque in limine Atridas; In the centre of the halls and under the skyÌs naked arch vidi Hecubam centumque nurus Priamumque per aras was a large altar with an ancient laurel nearby that leant sanguine foedantem quos ipse sacraverat ignis. on the altar and clothed the household gods with shade. Quinquaginta illi thalami spes tanta nepotum Here Hecuba and her daughters like doves driven barbarico postes auro spoliisque superbi by a dark storm crouched uselessly by the shrines procubuere; tenent Danai qua deficit ignis. huddled together clutching at the statues of the gods. And when she saw Priam himself dressed in youthful armour Forsitan et Priami fuerint quae fata requiras. she cried: ÍWhat mad thought poor husband urges you Urbis uti captae casum convolsaque vidit to fasten on these weapons? Where do you run? limina tectorum et medium in penetralibus hostem The hour demands no such help nor defences such as these arma diu senior desueta trementibus aevo not if my own Hector were here himself. Here I beg you circumdat nequiquam umeris et inutile ferrum this altar will protect us all or weÌll die together.Î cingitur ac densos fertur moriturus in hostis. So she spoke and drew the old man towards her Aedibus in mediis nudoque sub aetheris axe and set him down on the sacred steps. ingens ara fuit iuxtaque veterrima laurus See Polites one of PriamÌs sons escaping PyrrhusÌs slaughter incumbens arae atque umbra complexa Penatis. runs down the long hallways through enemies and spears Hic Hecuba et natae nequiquam altaria circum and wounded crosses the empty courts. praecipites atra ceu tempestate columbae Pyrrhus chases after him eager to strike him condensae et divom amplexae simulacra sedebant. and grasps at him now and now with his hand at spear-point. Ipsum autem sumptis Priamum iuvenalibus armis When finally he reached the eyes and gaze of his parents ut vidit 'Quae mens tam dira miserrime coniunx he fell and poured out his life in a river of blood. impulit his cingi telis? Aut quo ruis?' inquit; Priam though even now in deathÌs clutches 'Non tali auxilio nec defensoribus istis did not spare his voice at this or hold back his anger: tempus eget non si ipse meus nunc adforet Hector. ÍIf there is any justice in heaven that cares about such things Huc tandem concede; haec ara tuebitur omnis may the gods repay you with fit thanks and due reward aut moriere simul.' Sic ore effata recepit for your wickedness for such acts you who have ad sese et sacra longaevum in sede locavit. made me see my own sonÌs death in front of my face and defiled a fatherÌs sight with murder. Ecce autem elapsus Pyrrhi de caede Polites Yet Achilles whose son you falsely claim to be was no unus natorum Priami per tela per hostis such enemy to Priam: he respected the suppliantÌs rights porticibus longis fugit et vacua atria lustrat and honour and returned HectorÌs bloodless corpse saucius: illum ardens infesto volnere Pyrrhus to its sepulchre and sent me home to my kingdom.Î insequitur iam iamque manu tenet et premit hasta. So the old man spoke and threw his ineffectual spear Ut tandem ante oculos evasit et ora parentum without strength which immediately spun from the clanging bronze concidit ac multo vitam cum sanguine fudit. and hung uselessly from the centre of the shieldÌs boss. Hic Priamus quamquam in media iam morte tenetur Pyrrhus spoke to him: ÍThen you can be messenger carry non tamen abstinuit nec voci iraeque pepercit: the news to my father to PeleusÌs son: remember to tell him 'At tibi pro scelere ' exclamat 'pro talibus ausis of degenerate Pyrrhus and of my sad actions: di si qua est caelo pietas quae talia curet now die.Î Saying this he dragged him trembling persolvant grates dignas et praemia reddant and slithering in the pool of his sonÌs blood to the very altar debita qui nati coram me cernere letum and twined his left hand in his hair raised the glittering sword fecisti et patrios foedasti funere voltus. in his right and buried it to the hilt in his side. At non ille satum quo te mentiris Achilles This was the end of PriamÌs life: this was the death that fell to him talis in hoste fuit Priamo; sed iura fidemque by lot seeing Troy ablaze and its citadel toppled he who was supplicis erubuit corpusque exsangue sepulchro once the magnificent ruler of so many Asian lands and peoples. reddidit Hectoreum meque in mea regna remisit.' A once mighty body lies on the shore the head shorn from its shoulders a corpse without a name. Sic fatus senior telumque imbelle sine ictu coniecit rauco quod protinus aere repulsum e summo clipei nequiquam umbone pependit. Then for the first time a wild terror gripped me. Cui Pyrrhus: 'Referes ergo haec et nuntius ibis I stood amazed: my dear fatherÌs image rose before me Pelidae genitori; illi mea tristia facta as I saw a king of like age with a cruel wound degeneremque Neoptolemum narrare memento. breathing his life away: and my Creusa forlorn Nunc morere.' Hoc dicens altaria ad ipsa trementem and the ransacked house and the fate of little Iulus. traxit et in multo lapsantem sanguine nati I looked back and considered the troops that were round me. implicuitque comam laeva dextraque coruscum They had all left me wearied and hurled their bodies to earth extulit ac lateri capulo tenus abdidit ensem. or sick with misery dropped into the flames. Haec finis Priami fatorum; hic exitus illum So I was alone now when I saw the daughter of Tyndareus sorte tulit Troiam incensam et prolapsa videntem Helen close to VestaÌs portal hiding silently Pergama tot quondam populis terrisque superbum in the secret shrine: the bright flames gave me light regnatorem Asiae. Iacet ingens litore truncus as I wandered gazing everywhere randomly. avolsumque umeris caput et sine nomine corpus. Afraid of Trojans angered at the fall of Troy Greek vengeance and the fury of a husband she deserted At me tum primum saevus circumstetit horror she the mutual curse of Troy and her own country Obstipui; subiit cari genitoris imago had concealed herself and crouched a hated thing by the altars. ut regem aequaevum crudeli volnere vidi Fire blazed in my spirit: anger rose to avenge my fallen land vitam exhalantem; subiit deserta Creusa and to exact the punishment for her wickedness. et direpta domus et parvi casus Iuli. ÍShall she unharmed see Sparta again and her native Mycenae Respicio et quae sit me circum copia lustro. and see her house and husband parents and children Deseruere omnes defessi et corpora saltu and go in the triumphant role of a queen ad terram misere aut ignibus aegra dedere. attended by a crowd of Trojan women and Phrygian servants? When Priam has been put to the sword? Troy consumed with fire? [Iamque adeo super unus eram cum limina Vestae The Dardanian shore soaked again and again with blood? servantem et tacitam secreta in sede latentem No. Though thereÌs no great glory in a womanÌs punishment Tyndarida aspicio: dant clara incendia lucem and such a conquest wins no praise still I will be praised erranti passimque oculos per cuncta ferenti. for extinguishing wickedness and exacting well-earned Illa sibi infestos eversa ob Pergama Teucros punishment and IÌll delight in having filled my soul et poenas Danaum et deserti coniugis iras with the flame of revenge and appeased my peopleÌs ashes.Î praemetuens Troiae et patriae communis Erinys abdiderat sese atque aris invisa sedebat. Exarsere ignes animo; subit ira cadentem I blurted out these words and was rushing on with raging mind ulcisci patriam et sceleratas sumere poenas. when my dear mother came to my vision never before so bright 'Scilicet haec Spartam incolumis patriasque Mycenas to my eyes shining with pure light in the night aspiciet partoque ibit regina triumpho goddess for sure such as she may be seen by the gods coniugiumque domumque patres and taking me by the right hand stopped me and then Iliadum turba et Phrygiis comitata ministris? imparted these words to me from her rose-tinted lips: Occiderit ferro Priamus Troia arserit igni? ÍMy son what pain stirs such uncontrollable anger? Dardanium totiens sudarit sanguine litus? Why this rage? Where has your care for what is ours vanished? Non ita: namque etsi nullum memorabile nomen First will you not see whether Creusa your wife and your child feminea in poena est nec habet victoria laudem Ascanius still live and where you have left your father Anchises extinxisse nefas tamen et sumpsisse merentis worn-out with age? The Greek ranks surround them on all sides laudabor poenas animumque explesse iuvabit and if my love did not protect them the flames would have caught ultricis flammae et cineres satiasse meorum.' them before now and the enemy swords drunk of their blood. You do not hate the face of the Spartan daughter of Tyndareus Talia iactabam et furiata mente ferebar :] nor is Paris to blame: the ruthlessness of the gods of the gods cum mihi se non ante oculis tam clara videndam brought down this power and toppled Troy from its heights. obtulit et pura per noctem in luce refulsit See (for IÌll tear away all the mist that now shrouding your sight alma parens confessa deam qualisque videri dims your mortal vision and darkens everything with moisture: caelicolis et quanta solet dextraque prehensum donÌt be afraid of what your mother commands or refuse to obey continuit roseoque haec insuper addidit ore: her wisdom): here where you see shattered heaps of stone 'Nate quis indomitas tantus dolor excitat iras? torn from stone and smoke billowing mixed with dust Quid furis aut quonam nostri tibi cura recessit? Neptune is shaking the walls and the foundations stirred Non prius aspicies ubi fessum aetate parentem by his mighty trident and tearing the whole city up by it roots. liqueris Anchisen; superet coniunxne Creusa There Juno the fiercest is first to take the Scaean Gate and Ascaniusque puer? Quos omnes undique Graiae sword at her side calls on her troops from the ships in rage. circum errant acies et ni mea cura resistat Now see Tritonian Pallas standing on the highest towers iam flammae tulerint inimicus et hauserit ensis. sending lightning from the storm-cloud and her grim Gorgon Non tibi Tyndaridis facies invisa Lacaenae breastplate. Father Jupiter himself supplies the Greeks with culpatusve Paris: divom inclementia divom courage and fortunate strength himself excites the gods against has evertit opes sternitque a culmine Troiam. the Trojan army. Hurry your departure son and put an end Aspice---namque omnem quae nunc obducta tuenti to your efforts. I will not leave you and I will place you mortalis hebetat visus tibi et umida circum safe at your fatherÌs door.Î She spoke and hid herself caligat nubem eripiam; tu ne qua parentis in the dense shadows of night. Dreadful shapes appeared iussa time neu praeceptis parere recusa:--- and the vast powers of gods opposed to Troy. hic ubi disiectas moles avolsaque saxis saxa vides mixtoque undantem pulvere fumum. Neptunus muros magnoque emota tridenti Then in truth all Ilium seemed to me to sink in flames fundamenta quatit totamque a sedibus urbem and NeptuneÌs Troy was toppled from her base: eruit; hic Iuno Scaeas saevissima portas just as when foresters on the mountain heights prima tenet sociumque furens a navibus agmen compete to uproot an ancient ash tree struck ferro accincta vocat. time and again by axe and blade it threatens continually Iam summas arces Tritonia respice Pallas to fall with trembling foliage and shivering crown insedit nimbo effulgens et Gorgone saeva. till gradually vanquished by the blows it groans at last Ipse pater Danais animos viresque secundas and torn from the ridge crashes down in ruin. sufficit ipse deos in Dardana suscitat arma. I descend and led by a goddess am freed from flames Eripe nate fugam and enemies: the spears give way and the flames recede. Nusquam abero et tutum patrio te limine sistam.' And now when I reached the threshold of my fatherÌs house Dixerat et spissis noctis se condidit umbris. and my former home my father whom it was my first desire Adparent dirae facies inimicaque Troiae to carry into the high mountains and whom I first sought out numina magna deum. refused to extend his life or endure exile since Troy had fallen. ÍOh you Î he cried Íwhose blood has the vigour of youth Tum vero omne mihi visum considere in ignis and whose power is unimpaired in its force itÌs for you Ilium et ex imo verti Neptunia Troia; to take flight. As for me if the gods had wished to lengthen ac veluti summis antiquam in montibus ornum the thread of my life theyÌd have spared my house. It is cum ferro accisam crebrisque bipennibus instant more than enough that I saw one destruction and survived eruere agricolae certatim ---illa usque minatur one taking of the city. Depart saying farewell to my body et tremefacta comam concusso vertice nutat lying here so yes so. I shall find death with my own hand: volneribus donec paulatim evicta supremum the enemy will pity me and look for plunder. The loss congemuit traxitque iugis avolsa ruinam. of my burial is nothing. Clinging to old age for so long Descendo ac ducente deo flammam inter et hostis I am useless and hated by the gods ever since expedior; dant tela locum flammaeque recedunt. the father of the gods and ruler of men breathed the winds of his lightning-bolt onto me and touched me with fire.Î Atque ubi iam patriae perventum ad limina sedis So he persisted in saying and remained adamant. antiquasque domos genitor quem tollere in altos We on our side Creusa my wife and Ascanius all our household optabam primum montis primumque petebam weeping bitterly determined that he should not destroy everything abnegat excisa vitam producere Troia along with himself and crush us by urging our doom. exsiliumque pati. 'Vos O quibus integer aevi He refused and clung to his place and his purpose. sanguis ' ait 'solidaeque suo stant robore vires I hurried to my weapons again and miserably longed for death vos agitate fugam: since what tactic or opportunity was open to us now? me si caelicolae voluissent ducere vitam Í Did you think I could leave you father and depart? has mihi servassent sedes. Satis una superque Did such sinful words fall from your lips? vidimus exscidia et captae superavimus urbi. If it pleases the gods to leave nothing of our great city standing Sic O sic positum adfati discedite corpus. if this is set in your mind if it delights you to add yourself Ipse manu mortem inveniam; miserebitur hostis and all thatÌs yours to the ruins of Troy the door is open exuviasque petet; facilis iactura sepulcri. to that death: soon Pyrrhus comes drenched in PriamÌs blood Iam pridem invisus divis et inutilis annos he who butchers the son in front of the father the father at the altar. demoror ex quo me divom pater atque hominum rex Kind mother did you rescue me from fire and sword fulminis adflavit ventis et contigit igni.' for this to see the enemy in the depths of my house and Ascanius and my father and Creusa slaughtered Talia perstabat memorans fixusque manebat. thrown together in a heap in one anotherÌs blood? Nos contra effusi lacrimis coniunxque Creusa Weapons men bring weapons: the last day calls to the defeated. Ascaniusque omnisque domus ne vertere secum Lead me to the Greeks again: let me revisit the battle anew. cuncta pater fatoque urguenti incumbere vellet. This day we shall not all perish unavenged.Î Abnegat inceptoque et sedibus haeret in isdem. Rursus in arma feror mortemque miserrimus opto: nam quod consilium aut quae iam fortuna dabatur? 'Mene efferre pedem genitor te posse relicto So again I fasten on my sword slip my left arm sperasti tantumque nefas patrio excidit ore? into the shieldÌs strap adjust it and rush from the house. Si nihil ex tanta Superis placet urbe relinqui But see my wife clings to the threshold clasps my foot et sedet hoc animo perituraeque addere Troiae and holds little Iulus up towards his father: teque tuosque iuvat patet isti ianua leto ÍIf you go to die take us with you too at all costs: but if iamque aderit multo Priami de sanguine Pyrrhus as youÌve proved you trust in the weapons you wear natum ante ora patris patrem qui obtruncat ad aras. defend this house first. To whom do you abandon little Iulus Hoc erat alma parens quod me per tela and your father and me I who was once spoken of as your wife?Î eripis ut mediis hostem in penetralibus utque Crying out like this she filled the whole house with her groans Ascanium patremque meum iuxtaque Creusam when suddenly a wonder marvellous to speak of occurred. alterum in alterius mactatos sanguine cernam? See between the hands and faces of his grieving parents Arma viri ferte arma; vocat lux ultima victos. a gentle light seemed to shine from the crown Reddite me Danais; sinite instaurata revisam of IulusÌs head and a soft flame harmless in its touch proelia: Numquam omnes hodie moriemur inulti.' licked at his hair and grazed his forehead. Trembling with fear we hurry to flick away the blazing strands Hinc ferro accingor rursus clipeoque sinistram and extinguish the sacred fires with water. insertabam aptans meque extra tecta ferebam. But Anchises my father lifts his eyes to the heavens in delight Ecce autem complexa pedes in limine coniunx and raises his hands and voice to the sky: haerebat parvumque patri tendebat Iulum: ÍAll-powerful Jupiter if youÌre moved by any prayers 'Si periturus abis et nos rape in omnia tecum; see us and grant but this: if we are worthy through our virtue sin aliquam expertus sumptis spem ponis in armis show us a sign of it Father and confirm your omen.Î hanc primum tutare domum. Cui parvus Iulus The old man had barely spoken when with a sudden crash cui pater et coniunx quondam tua dicta relinquor?' it thundered on the left and a star through the darkness slid from the sky and flew trailing fire in a burst of light. Talia vociferans gemitu tectum omne replebat We watched it glide over the highest rooftops cum subitum dictuque oritur mirabile monstrum. and bury its brightness and the sign of its passage Namque manus inter maestorumque ora parentum in the forests of Mount Ida: then the furrow of its long track ecce levis summo de vertice visus Iuli gave out a glow and all around the place smoked with sulphur. fundere lumen apex tactuque innoxia mollis At this my father truly overcome raised himself towards the sky lambere flamma comas et circum tempora pasci. and spoke to the gods and proclaimed the sacred star. Nos pavidi trepidare metu crinemque flagrantem ÍNow no delay: I follow and where you lead there am I. excutere et sanctos restinguere fontibus ignis. Gods of my fathers save my line save my grandson. At pater Anchises oculos ad sidera laetus This omen is yours and Troy is in your divine power. extulit et caelo palmas cum voce tetendit: I accept my son and I will not refuse to go with you.Î 'Iuppiter omnipotens precibus si flecteris ullis aspice nos; hoc tantum et si pietate meremur He speaks and now the fire is more audible da deinde auxilium pater atque haec omina firma.' through the city and the blaze rolls its tide nearer. Vix ea fatus erat senior subitoque fragore ÍCome then dear father clasp my neck: I will intonuit laevum et de caelo lapsa per umbras carry you on my shoulders: that task wonÌt weigh on me. stella facem ducens multa cum luce cucurrit. Whatever may happen it will be for us both the same shared risk Illam summa super labentem culmina tecti and the same salvation. Let little Iulus come with me cernimus Idaea claram se condere silva and let my wife follow our footsteps at a distance. signantemque vias; tum longo limite sulcus You servants give your attention to what IÌm saying. dat lucem et late circum loca sulphure fumant. At the entrance to the city thereÌs a mound an ancient temple Hic vero victus genitor se tollit ad auras of forsaken Ceres and a venerable cypress nearby adfaturque deos et sanctum sidus adorat. protected through the years by the reverence of our fathers: 'Iam iam nulla mora est; sequor et qua ducitis adsum. letÌs head to that one place by diverse paths. Di patrii servate domum servate nepotem. You father take the sacred objects and our countryÌs gods Vestrum hoc augurium vestroque in numine Troia est. in your hands: until IÌve washed in running water Cedo equidem nec nate it would be a sin for me coming from such fighting and recent slaughter to touch them.Î So saying bowing my neck Dixerat ille; et iam per moenia clarior ignis I spread a cloak made of a tawny lionÌs hide over my broad shoulders and bend to the task: little Iulus clasps his hand auditur propiusque aestus incendia volvunt. in mine and follows his fatherÌs longer strides. 'Ergo age care pater cervici imponere nostrae; My wife walks behind. We walk on through the shadows ipse subibo umeris nec me labor iste gravabit: of places and I whom till then no shower of spears quo res cumque cadent unum et commune periclum nor crowd of Greeks in hostile array could move una salus ambobus erit. Mihi parvus Iulus now IÌm terrified by every breeze and startled by every noise sit comes et longe servet vestigia coniunx: anxious and fearful equally for my companion and my burden. vos famuli quae dicam Est urbe egressis tumulus templumque vetustum And now I was near the gates and thought I had completed desertae Cereris iuxtaque antiqua cupressus my journey when suddenly the sound of approaching feet religione patrum multos servata per annos. filled my hearing and peering through the darkness Hanc ex diverso sedem veniemus in unam. my father cried: ÍMy son run my son they are near us: Tu genitor cape sacra manu patriosque Penatis; I see their glittering shields and gleaming bronze.Î me bello e tanto digressum et caede recenti Some hostile power at this scattered my muddled wits. attrectare nefas donec me flumine vivo for while I was following alleyways and straying abluero.' from the region of streets we knew did my wife Creusa halt snatched away from me by wretched fate? Haec fatus latos umeros subiectaque colla Or did she wander from the path or collapse with weariness? veste super fulvique insternor pelle leonis Who knows? She was never restored to our sight succedoque oneri; dextrae se parvus Iulus nor did I look back for my lost one or cast a thought behind me implicuit sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis; until we came to the mound and ancient CeresÌs sacred place. pone subit coniunx: ferimur per opaca locorum; Here when all were gathered together at last one was missing et me quem dudum non ulla iniecta movebant and had escaped the notice of friends child and husband. tela neque adverso glomerati ex agmine Grai What man or god did I not accuse in my madness: nunc omnes terrent aurae sonus excitat omnis what did I know of in the cityÌs fall crueller than this? suspensum et pariter comitique onerique timentem. I place Ascanius and my father Anchises and the gods of Troy in my companionsÌ care and conceal them in a winding valley: Iamque propinquabam portis omnemque videbar I myself seek the city once more and take up my shining armour. evasisse viam subito cum creber ad auris IÌm determined to incur every risk again and retrace visus adesse pedum sonitus genitorque per umbram all Troy and once more expose my life to danger. prospiciens; 'Nate' exclamat 'fuge nate propinquant. First I look for the wall and the dark threshold of the gate Ardentis clipeos atque aera micantia cerno!'--- from which my path led and I retrace the landmarks Hic mihi nescio quod trepido male numen amicum of my course in the night scanning them with my eye. confusam eripuit mentem. Namque avia cursu Everywhere the terror in my heart and the silence itself dum sequor et nota excedo regione viarum dismay me. Then I take myself homewards in case heu misero coniunx fatone erepta Creusa by chance by some chance she has made her way there. substitit erravitne via seu lassa resedit The Greeks have invaded and occupied the whole house. incertum; nec post oculis est reddita nostris. Suddenly eager fire rolls over the rooftop in the wind: Nec prius amissam respexi animumque reflexi the flames take hold the blaze rages to the heavens. quam tumulum antiquae Cereris sedemque sacratam I pass by and see again PriamÌs palace and the citadel. venimus; hic demum collectis omnibus una Now Phoenix and fatal Ulysses the chosen guards watch over defuit et comites natumque virumque fefellit. the spoils in the empty courts of JunoÌs sanctuary. Quem non incusavi amens hominumque deorumque Here the Trojan treasures are gathered from every part aut quid in eversa vidi crudelius urbe? ripped from the blazing shrines tables of the gods Ascanium Anchisenque patrem Teucrosque Penatis solid gold bowls and plundered robes. commendo sociis et curva valle recondo; Mothers and trembling sons stand round in long ranks. ipse urbem repeto et cingor fulgentibus armis. I even dared to hurl my shouts through the shadows Stat casus renovare omnis omnemque reverti filling the streets with my clamour and in my misery per Troiam et rursus caput obiectare periclis. redoubling my useless cries again and again. Searching and raging endlessly among the city roofs Principio muros obscuraque limina portae the unhappy ghost and true shadow of Creusa qua gressum extuleram repeto et vestigia retro appeared before my eyes in a form greater than IÌd known. observata sequor per noctem et lumine lustro. I was dumbfounded my hair stood on end and my voice Horror ubique animo simul ipsa silentia terrent. stuck in my throat. Then she spoke and with these words Inde domum si forte pedem si forte tulisset mitigated my distress: ÍOh sweet husband what use is it me refero: inruerant Danai et tectum omne tenebant. to indulge in such mad grief? This has not happened Ilicet ignis edax summa ad fastigia vento without the divine will: neither its laws nor the ruler volvitur; exsuperant flammae furit aestus ad auras. of great Olympus let you take Creusa with you Procedo et Priami sedes arcemque reviso. away from here. Yours is long exile you must plough Et iam porticibus vacuis Iunonis asylo a vast reach of sea: and you will come to HesperiaÌs land custodes lecti Phoenix et dirus Ulixes where Lydian Tiber flows in gentle course among the farmersÌ praedam adservabant. Huc undique Troia gaza rich fields. There happiness kingship and a royal wife incensis erepta adytis mensaeque deorum will be yours. Banish these tears for your beloved Creusa. crateresque auro solidi captivaque vestis I a Trojan woman and daughter-in-law to divine Venus congeritur; pueri et pavidae longo ordine matres shall never see the noble halls of the Dolopians stant circum. or Myrmidons or go as slave to some Greek wife: instead the great mother of the gods keeps me on this shore. Ausus quin etiam voces iactare per umbram Now farewell and preserve your love for the son we share.Î implevi clamore vias maestusque Creusam When she had spoken these words leaving me weeping nequiquam ingeminans iterumque iterumque vocavi. and wanting to say so many things she faded into thin air. Quaerenti et tectis urbis sine fine furenti Three times I tried to throw my arms about her neck: infelix simulacrum atque ipsius umbra Creusae three times her form fled my hands clasped in vain visa mihi ante oculos et nota maior imago. like the light breeze most of all like a winged dream. Obstipui steteruntque comae et vox faucibus haesit. So at last when night was done I returned to my friends. [Tum sic adfari et curas his demere dictis :] 'Quid tantum insano iuvat indulgere dolori O dulcis coniunx? Non haec sine numine divom And here amazed I found that a great number of new eveniunt; nec te hinc comitem asportare Creusam companions had streamed in women and men fas aut ille sinit superi regnator Olympi. a crowd gathering for exile a wretched throng. Longa tibi exsilia et vastum maris aequor arandum They had come from all sides ready with courage and wealth et terram Hesperiam venies ubi Lydius arva for whatever land I wished to lead them to across the seas. inter opima virum leni fluit agmine Thybris: And now Lucifer was rising above the heights of Ida illic res laetae regnumque et regia coniunx bringing the dawn and the Greeks held the barricaded parta tibi. Lacrimas dilectae pelle Creusae. entrances to the gates nor was there any hope of rescue. Non ego Myrmidonum sedes Dolopumve superbas I desisted and carrying my father took to the hills. aspiciam aut Graiis servitum matribus ibo Dardanis et divae Veneris nurus. After the gods had seen fit to destroy AsiaÌs power Sed me magna deum genetrix his detinet oris: and PriamÌs innocent people and proud Ilium had fallen iamque vale et nati serva communis amorem.' and all of NeptuneÌs Troy breathed smoke from the soil Haec ubi dicta dedit lacrimantem et multa volentem we were driven by the godsÌ prophecies to search out dicere deseruit tenuisque recessit in auras. distant exile and deserted lands and we built a fleet Ter conatus ibi collo dare bracchia circum: below Antandros and the peaks of Phrygian Ida unsure ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago where fate would carry us or where weÌd be allowed to settle par levibus ventis volucrique simillima somno. and we gathered our forces together. Summer had barely begun when Anchises my father ordered us to set sail with destiny: Sic demum socios consumpta nocte reviso. I left my native shore with tears the harbour and the fields Atque hic ingentem comitum adfluxisse novorum where Troy once stood. I travelled the deep an exile invenio admirans numerum matresque virosque with my friends and my son and the great gods of our house. collectam exsilio pubem miserabile volgus. Far off is a land of vast plains where Mars is worshipped Undique convenere animis opibusque parati (worked by the Thracians) once ruled by fierce Lycurgus in quascumque velim pelago deducere terras. a friend of Troy in the past and with gods who were allies Iamque iugis summae surgebat Lucifer Idae while fortune lasted. I went there and founded my first city ducebatque diem Danaique obsessa tenebant named Aeneadae from my name on the shore limina portarum nec spes opis ulla dabatur; in the curving bay beginning it despite fateÌs adversity. cessi et sublato montes genitore petivi. POSTQUAM res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem immeritam visum Superis ceciditque superbum I was making a sacrifice to the gods and my mother Venus Ilium et omnis humo fumat Neptunia Troia DioneÌs daughter with auspices for the work begun and had killed diversa exsilia et desertas quaerere terras a fine bull on the shore for the supreme king of the sky-lords. auguriis agimur divom classemque sub ipsa By chance there was a mound nearby crowned with cornel Antandro et Phrygiae molimur montibus Idae bushes and bristling with dense spikes of myrtle. incerti quo fata ferant ubi sistere detur I went near and trying to tear up green wood from the soil contrahimusque viros. Vix prima inceperat aestas to decorate the altar with leafy branches I saw et pater Anchises dare fatis vela iubebat; a wonder dreadful and marvellous to tell of. litora cum patriae lacrimans portusque relinquo From the first bush its broken roots torn from the ground et campos ubi Troia fuit: feror exsul in altum drops of dark blood dripped and stained the earth with fluid. cum sociis natoque Penatibus et magnis dis. An icy shiver gripped my limbs and my blood chilled with terror. Again I went on to pluck a stubborn shoot from another Terra procul vastis colitur Mavortia campis probing the hidden cause within: and dark blood Thraces arant acri quondam regnata Lycurgo flowed from the bark of the second. Troubled greatly hospitium antiquum Troiae sociique Penates in spirit I prayed to the Nymphs of the wild dum Fortuna fuit. Feror huc et litore curvo and father Gradivus who rules the Thracian fields moenia prima loco fatis ingressus iniquis to look with due kindness on this vision and lessen Aeneadasque meo nomen de nomine fingo. its significance. But when I attacked the third with greater effort straining with my knees against the sand Sacra Dionaeae matri divisque ferebam (to speak or be silent?) a mournful groan was audible auspicibus coeptorum operum superoque nitentem from deep in the mound and a voice came to my ears: caelicolum regi mactabam in litore taurum. ÍWhy do you wound a poor wretch Aeneas? Spare me now Forte fuit iuxta tumulus quo cornea summo in my tomb donÌt stain your virtuous hands Troy bore me virgulta et densis hastilibus horrida myrtus. who am no stranger to you nor does this blood flow from Accessi viridemque ab humo convellere silvam some dull block. Oh leave this cruel land: leave this shore conatus ramis tegerem ut frondentibus aras of greed. For I am Polydorus. Here a crop of iron spears horrendum et dictu video mirabile monstrum. carpeted my transfixed corpse and has ripened into sharp spines.Î Nam quae prima solo ruptis radicibus arbos Then truly I was stunned my mind crushed by anxious dread vellitur huic atro liquuntur sanguine guttae my hair stood up on end and my voice stuck in my throat. et terram tabo maculant. Mihi frigidus horror Priam the unfortunate seeing the city encircled by the siege membra quatit gelidusque coit formidine sanguis. and despairing of Trojan arms once sent this Polydorus secretly Rursus et alterius lentum convellere vimen with a great weight of gold to be raised by the Thracian king. insequor et causas penitus temptare latentis: When the power of Troy was broken and her fortunes ebbed ater et alterius sequitur de cortice sanguis. the Thracian broke every divine law to follow AgamemnonÌs Multa movens animo nymphas venerabar agrestis cause and his victorious army murders Polydorus and takes Gradivumque patrem Geticis qui praesidet arvis the gold by force. Accursed hunger for gold to what do you rite secundarent visus omenque levarent. not drive human hearts! When terror had left my bones Tertia sed postquam maiore hastilia nisu I referred this divine vision to the peopleÌs appointed leaders adgredior genibusque adversae obluctor harenae--- my father above all and asked them what they thought. eloquar an sileam?---gemitus lacrimabilis imo All were of one mind to leave this wicked land and depart auditur tumulo et vox reddita fertur ad auris: a place of hospitality defiled and sail our fleet before the wind. 'Quid miserum Aenea laceras? Iam parce sepulto; So we renewed the funeral rites for Polydorus and piled parce pias scelerare manus. Non me tibi Troia the earth high on his barrow: sad altars were raised externum tulit aut cruor hic de stipite manat. to the Shades with dark sacred ribbons and black cypress Heu fuge crudelis terras fuge litus avarum: the Trojan women around hair streaming nam Polydorus ego; hic confixum ferrea texit as is the custom: we offered foaming bowls of warm milk telorum seges et iaculis increvit acutis.' and dishes of sacrificial blood and bound the spirit to its tomb and raised a loud shout of farewell. Tum vero ancipiti mentem formidine pressus obstipui steteruntque comae et vox faucibus haesit. Hunc Polydorum auri quondam cum pondere magno Then as soon as weÌve confidence in the waves and the winds infelix Priamus furtim mandarat alendum grant us calm seas and the soft whispering breeze calls to the deep Threicio regi cum iam diffideret armis my companions float the ships and crowd to the shore. Dardaniae cingique urbem obsidione videret. We set out from harbour and lands and cities recede. Ille ut opes fractae Teucrum et Fortuna recessit In the depths of the sea lies a sacred island dearest of all res Agamemnonias victriciaque arma secutus to the mother of the Nereids and Aegean Neptune fas omne abrumpit; Polydorum obtruncat et auro that wandered by coasts and shores until Apollo vi potitur. Quid non mortalia pectora cogis affectionately tied it to high Myconos and Gyaros auri sacra fames? Postquam pavor ossa reliquit making it fixed and inhabitable scorning the storms. delectos populi ad proceres primumque parentem I sail there: it welcomes us peacefully weary as we are monstra deum refero et quae sit sententia posco. to its safe harbour. Landing we do homage to ApolloÌs city. Omnibus idem animus scelerata excedere terra King Anius both king of the people and high-priest of Apollo linqui pollutum hospitium et dare classibus austros. his forehead crowned with the sacred headband and holy laurel Ergo instauramus Polydoro funus et ingens meets us and recognises an old friend in Anchises: aggeritur tumulo tellus; stant Manibus arae we clasp hands in greeting and enter his house. caeruleis maestae vittis atraque cupresso I paid homage to the godÌs temple of ancient stone: et circum Iliades crinem de more solutae; ÍGrant us a true home Apollo grant a weary people walls inferimus tepido spumantia cymbia lacte and a race and a city that will endure: protect this second sanguinis et sacri pateras animamque sepulchro citadel of Troy that survives the Greeks and pitiless Achilles. condimus et magna supremum voce ciemus. Whom should we follow? Where do you command us to go? Where should we settle? Grant us an omen father to stir our hearts. Inde ubi prima fides pelago placataque venti I had scarcely spoken: suddenly everything seemed to tremble dant maria et lenis crepitans vocat Auster in altum the godÌs thresholds and his laurel crowns and the whole hill deducunt socii navis et litora complent: round us moved and the tripod groaned as the shrine split open. provehimur portu terraeque urbesque recedunt. Humbly we seek the earth and a voice comes to our ears: Sacra mari colitur medio gratissima tellus ÍEnduring Trojans the land which first bore you from its Nereidum matri et Neptuno Aegaeo parent stock that same shall welcome you restored to its quam pius arquitenens oras et litora circum fertile breast. Search out your ancient mother. errantem Mycono e celsa Gyaroque revinxit There the house of Aeneas shall rule all shores immotamque coli dedit et contemnere ventos. his childrenÌs children and those that are born to them.Î Huc feror; haec fessos tuto placidissima portu So Phoebus spoke: and there was a great shout of joy mixed accipit: egressi veneramur Apollinis urbem. with confusion and all asked what walls those were and where Rex Anius rex idem hominum Phoebique sacerdos it is Phoebus calls the wanderers to commanding them to return. vittis et sacra redimitus tempora lauro Then my father thinking of the records of the ancients said: occurrit; veterem Anchisen adgnovit amicum. ÍListen O princes and learn what you may hope for. Iungimus hospitio dextras et tecta subimus. Crete lies in the midst of the sea the island of mighty Jove where Mount Ida is the cradle of our race. Templa dei saxo venerabar structa vetusto: They inhabit a hundred great cities in the richest of kingdoms 'Da propriam Thymbraee domum; da moenia fessis from which our earliest ancestor Teucer if I remember the tale et genus et mansuram urbem; serva altera Troiae rightly first sailed to Trojan shores and chose a site Pergama reliquias Danaum atque immitis Achilli. for his royal capital. Until then Ilium and the towers of the citadel Quem sequimur? Quove ire iubes? Ubi ponere sedes? did not stand there: men lived in the depths of the valleys. Da pater augurium The Mother who inhabits Cybele is Cretan and the cymbals of the Corybantes and the grove of Ida: from Crete came Vix ea fatus eram: tremere omnia visa repente the faithful silence of her rites and the yoked lions liminaque laurusque dei totusque moveri drawing the ladyÌs chariot. So come and let us follow mons circum et mugire adytis cortina reclusis. where the godÌs command may lead let us placate Submissi petimus terram et vox fertur ad auris: the winds and seek out the Cretan kingdom. 'Dardanidae duri quae vos a stirpe parentum It is no long journey away: if only Jupiter is with us prima tulit tellus eadem vos ubere laeto the third dawn will find our fleet on the Cretan shores.Î accipiet reduces. Antiquam exquirite matrem: So saying he sacrificed the due offerings at the altars hic domus Aeneae cunctis dominabitur oris a bull to Neptune a bull to you glorious Apollo a black sheep et nati natorum et qui nascentur ab illis.' to the Storm god a white to the auspicious Westerlies. Haec Phoebus; mixtoque ingens exorta tumultu laetitia et cuncti quae sint ea moenia quaerunt quo Phoebus vocet errantis iubeatque reverti? A rumour spread that Prince Idomeneus had been driven Tum genitor veterum volvens monumenta virorum from his fatherÌs kingdom and the Cretan shores were deserted 'Audite O proceres' ait 'et spes discite vestras: her houses emptied of enemies and the abandoned homes Creta Iovis magni medio iacet insula ponto; waiting for us. We left OrtygiaÌs harbour and sped over the sea mons Idaeus ubi et gentis cunabula nostrae. threading the foaming straits thick with islands Naxos Centum urbes habitant magnas uberrima regna; with its Bacchic worship in the hills green Donysa Olearos maximus unde pater si rite audita recordor snow-white Paros and the Cyclades scattered over the waters. Teucrus Rhoeteas primum est advectus in oras The sailorsÌ cries rose as they competed in their various tasks: optavitque locum regno. Nondum Ilium et arces the crew shouted: ÍWeÌre headed for Crete and our ancestors.Î Pergameae steterant; habitabant vallibus imis. A wind rising astern sent us on our way and at last hinc mater cultrix Cybeli Corybantiaque aera we glided by the ancient shores of the Curetes. Idaeumque nemus; hinc fida silentia sacris Then I worked eagerly on the walls of our chosen city and called et iuncti currum dominae subiere leones. it Pergamum and exhorted my people delighting in the name Ergo agite et divom ducunt qua iussa to show love for their homes and build a covered fortress. placemus ventos et Gnosia regna petamus. Now the ships were usually beached on the dry sand: Nec longo distant cursu; modo Iuppiter adsit the young men were busy with weddings and their fresh fields: tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris.' I was deciding on laws and homesteads: suddenly Sic fatus meritos aris mactavit honores from some infected region of the sky came a wretched plague taurum Neptuno taurum tibi pulcher Apollo corrupting bodies trees and crops and a season of death. nigram Hiemi pecudem Zephyris felicibus albam. They relinquished sweet life or dragged their sick limbs around: then Sirius blazed over barren fields: Fama volat pulsum regnis cessisse paternis the grass withered and the sickly harvest denied its fruits. Idomenea ducem desertaque litora Cretae My father urged us to retrace the waves and revisit hoste vacare domos sedesque adstare relictas. the oracle of Apollo at Delos and beg for protection Linquimus Ortygiae portus pelagoque volamus ask where the end might be to our weary fate where he commands bacchatamque iugis Naxon viridemque Donysam that we seek help for our trouble where to set our course. Olearon niveamque Paron sparsasque per aequor It was night and sleep had charge of earthÌs creatures: Cycladas et crebris legimus freta consita terris. The sacred statues of the gods the Phrygian Penates Nauticus exoritur vario certamine clamor; that I had carried with me from Troy out of the burning city hortantur socii: ''Cretam proavosque petamus!'' seemed to stand there before my eyes as I lay in sleep Prosequitur surgens a puppi ventus euntis perfectly clear in the light where the full moon et tandem antiquis Curetum adlabimur oris. streamed through the window casements: then they spoke Ergo avidus muros optatae molior urbis to me and with their words dispelled my cares: Pergameamque voco et laetam cognomine gentem ÍApollo speaks here what he would say to you on reaching Delos hortor amare focos arcemque attollere tectis. and sends us besides as you see to your threshold. When Try burned we followed you and your weapons Iamque fere sicco subductae litore puppes; we crossed the swelling seas with you on your ships conubiis arvisque novis operata iuventus; we too shall raise your descendants yet to be to the stars iura domosque dabam: subito cum tabida membris and grant empire to your city. Build great walls for the great corrupto caeli tractu miserandaque venit and do not shrink from the long labour of exile. arboribusque satisque lues et letifer annus. Change your country. These are not the shores that Delian Linquebant dulcis animas aut aegra trahebant Apollo urged on you he did not order you to settle in Crete. corpora; tum sterilis exurere Sirius agros; There is a place the Greeks call Hesperia by name arebant herbae et victum seges aegra negabat. an ancient land powerful in arms and in richness of the soil: Rursus ad oraclum Ortygiae Phoebumque remenso There the Oenotrians lived: now the rumour is that hortatur pater ire mari veniamque precari: a younger race has named it Italy after their leader. quam fessis finem rebus ferat; unde laborum That is our true home Dardanus and father Iasius temptare auxilium iubeat; quo vertere cursus. from whom our race first came sprang from there. Come bear these words of truth joyfully to your old father Nox erat et terris animalia somnus habebat: that he might seek Corythus and AusoniaÌs lands: effigies sacrae divom Phrygiique Penates Jupiter denies the fields of Dicte to you.Î quos mecum a Troia mediisque ex ignibus urbis extuleram visi ante oculos adstare iacentis in somnis multo manifesti lumine qua se plena per insertas fundebat luna fenestras; Amazed by such a vision and the voices of the gods tum sic adfari et curas his demere dictis: (it was not a dream but I seemed to recognise their expression 'Quod tibi delato Ortygiam dicturus Apollo est before me their wreathed hair their living faces: hic canit et tua nos en ultro ad limina mittit. then a cold sweat bathed all my limbs) Nos te Dardania incensa tuaque arma secuti my body leapt from the bed and I lifted my voice nos tumidum sub te permensi classibus aequor and upturned palms to heaven and offered pure idem venturos tollemus in astra nepotes gifts on the hearth-fire. The rite completed with joy imperiumque urbi dabimus: tu moenia magnis I told Anchises of this revelation revealing it all in order. magna para longumque fugae ne linque laborem. He understood about the ambiguity in our origins and the dual Mutandae sedes: non haec tibi litora suasit descent and that he had been deceived by a fresh error Delius aut Cretae iussit considere Apollo. about our ancient country. Then he spoke: ÍMy son troubled Est locus Hesperiam Grai cognomine dicunt by TroyÌs fate Only Cassandra prophesied such an outcome. terra antiqua potens armis atque ubere glaebae; Now I remember her foretelling that this was destined for our race Oenotri coluere viri; nunc fama minores and often spoke of Hesperia and the Italian kingdom. Italiam dixisse ducis de nomine gentem: WhoÌd believe that Trojans would travel to HesperiaÌs shores? hae nobis propriae sedes; hinc Dardanus ortus WhoÌd have been moved by Cassandra the prophetess then? Iasiusque pater genus a quo principe nostrum. LetÌs trust to Apollo and warned by him take the better course.Î Surge age et haec laetus longaevo dicta parenti So he spoke and we were delighted to obey his every word. haud dubitanda refer: Corythum terrasque requirat We departed this home as well and leaving some people behind Ausonias; Dictaea negat tibi Iuppiter arva.' set sail and ran through the vast ocean in our hollow ships. When the fleet had reached the high seas and the land Talibus attonitus visis et voce deorum--- was no longer seen sky and ocean on all sides then nec sopor illud erat sed coram adgnoscere voltus a dark-blue rain cloud settled overhead bringing velatasque comas praesentiaque ora videbar; night and storm and the waves bristled with shadows. tum gelidus toto manabat corpore sudor Immediately the winds rolled over the water and great seas rose: corripio e stratis corpus tendoque supinas we were scattered here and there in the vast abyss. ad caelum cum voce manus et munera libo Storm-clouds shrouded the day and the night mists intemerata focis. Perfecto laetus honore hid the sky: lightning flashed again from the torn clouds. Anchisen facio certum remque ordine pando. We were thrown off course and wandered the blind waves. Adgnovit prolem ambiguam geminosque parentes Palinurus himself was unable to tell night from day in the sky seque novo veterum deceptum errore locorum. and could not determine his path among the waves. Tum memorat: 'Nate Iliacis exercite fatis So for three days and as many starless nights sola mihi talis casus Cassandra canebat. we wandered uncertainly in a dark fog over the sea. Nunc repeto haec generi portendere debita nostro At last on the fourth day land was first seen to rise et saepe Hesperiam saepe Itala regna vocare. revealing far off mountains and rolling smoke. Sed quis ad Hesperiae venturos litora Teucros The sails fell we stood to the oars: without pause the sailors crederet aut quem tum vates Cassandra moveret? at full stretch churned the foam and swept the blue sea. Cedamus Phoebo et moniti meliora sequamur.' Sic ait et cuncti dicto paremus ovantes. Hanc quoque deserimus sedem paucisque relictis Free of the waves IÌm welcomed first by the shores vela damus vastumque cava trabe currimus aequor. of the Strophades the Clashing Islands. The Strophades are fixed now in the great Ionian Sea but are called Postquam altum tenuere rates nec iam amplius ullae by the Greek name. There dread Celaeno and the rest adparent terrae caelum undique et undique pontus of the Harpies live since PhineusÌs house was denied them tum mihi caeruleus supra caput adstitit imber and they left his tables where they fed in fear. noctem hiememque ferens et inhorruit unda tenebris. No worse monsters than these no crueller plague Continuo venti volvunt mare magnaque surgunt ever rose from the waters of Styx at the godsÌ anger. aequora; dispersi iactamur gurgite vasto; These birds have the faces of virgin girls involvere diem nimbi et nox umida caelum foulest excrement flowing from their bellies abstulit; ingeminant abruptis nubibus ignes. clawed hands and faces always thin with hunger. Excutimur cursu et caecis erramus in undis. Now when arriving here we enter port Ipse diem noctemque negat discernere caelo we see fat herds of cattle scattered over the plains nec meminisse viae media Palinurus in unda. and flocks of goats unguarded in the meadows. Tris adeo incertos caeca caligine soles We rush at them with our swords calling on Jove himself erramus pelago totidem sine sidere noctes. and the gods to join us in our plunder: then we build Quarto terra die primum se attollere tandem seats on the curving beach and feast on the rich meats. visa aperire procul montis ac volvere fumum. But suddenly the Harpies arrive in a fearsome swoop Vela cadunt remis insurgimus; haud mora nautae from the hills flapping their wings with a huge noise adnixi torquent spumas et caerula verrunt. snatching at the food and fouling everything with their filthy touch: then thereÌs a deadly shriek amongst the foul stench. Servatum ex undis Strophadum me litora primum We set out the tables again and relight the altar fires accipiunt; Strophades Graio stant nomine dictae in a deep recess under an overhanging rock insulae Ionio in magno quas dira Celaeno closed off by trees and trembling shadows: Harpyiaeque colunt aliae Phineia postquam again from another part of the sky some hidden lair clausa domus mensasque metu liquere priores. the noisy crowd hovers with taloned feet around their prey Tristius haud illis monstrum nec saevior ulla polluting the food with their mouths. Then I order my friends pestis et ira deum Stygiis sese extulit undis. to take up their weapons and make war on that dreadful race. Virginei volucrum voltus foedissima ventris They do exactly that obeying orders placing hidden swords proluvies uncaeque manus et pallida semper in the grass and burying their shields out of sight. ora fame. Then when the birds swoop screaming along the curved beach Misenus from his high lookout gives the signal on hollow bronze. Huc ubi delati portus intravimus ecce My friends charge and in a new kind of battle attempt laeta boum passim campis armenta videmus to wound these foul ocean birds with their swords. caprigenumque pecus nullo custode per herbas. But they donÌt register the blows to their plumage or the wounds Inruimus ferro et divos ipsumque vocamus to their backs they flee quickly soaring beneath the heavens in partem praedamque Iovem; tum litore curvo leaving behind half-eaten food and the traces of their filth. exstruimusque toros dapibusque epulamur opimis. Only Celaeno ominous prophetess settles on a high cliff At subitae horrifico lapsu de montibus adsunt and bursts out with this sound from her breast: Harpyiae et magnis quatiunt clangoribus alas ÍAre you ready to bring war to us sons of Laomedon is it war diripiuntque dapes contactuque omnia foedant for the cows you killed the bullocks you slaughtered immundo; tum vox taetrum dira inter odorem. driving the innocent Harpies from their fatherÌs country? Rursum in secessu longo sub rupe cavata Take these words of mine to your hearts then and set them there. arboribus clausi circum atque horrentibus umbris I the eldest of the Furies reveal to you what the all-powerful instruimus mensas arisque reponimus ignem: Father prophesied to Apollo and Phoebus Apollo to me. rursum ex diverso caeli caecisque latebris Italy is the path you take and invoking the winds turba sonans praedam pedibus circumvolat uncis you shall go to Italy and enter her harbours freely: polluit ore dapes. Sociis tunc arma capessant but you will not surround the city granted you with walls edico et dira bellum cum gente gerendum. until dire hunger and the sin of striking at us force you Haud secus ac iussi faciunt tectosque per herbam to consume your very tables with devouring jaws.Î disponunt enses et scuta latentia condunt. She spoke and fled back to the forest borne by her wings. Ergo ubi delapsae sonitum per curva dedere But my companionsÌ chill blood froze with sudden fear: litora dat signum specula Misenus ab alta their courage dropped and they told me to beg for peace aere cavo. Invadunt socii et nova proelia temptant with vows and prayers forgoing weapons obscenas pelagi ferro foedare volucres: no matter if these were goddesses or fatal vile birds. sed neque vim plumis ullam nec volnera tergo And my father Anchises with outstretched hands on the shore accipiunt celerique fuga sub sidera lapsae called to the great gods and declared the due sacrifice: semesam praedam et vestigia foeda relinquunt. ÍGods avert these threats gods prevent these acts and in peace protect the virtuous!Î Then he ordered us Una in praecelsa consedit rupe Celaeno to haul in the cables from the shore unfurl and spread the sails. infelix vates rumpitque hanc pectore vocem: South winds stretched the canvas: we coursed over foaming seas 'Bellum etiam pro caede boum stratisque iuvencis wherever the winds and the helmsman dictated our course. Laomedontiadae bellumne inferre paratis Now wooded Zacynthus appeared amongst the waves et patrio Harpyias insontis pellere regno? Dulichium Same and NeritosÌs steep cliffs. Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta We ran past LaertesÌs kingdom IthacasÌs reefs quae Phoebo pater omnipotens mihi Phoebus Apollo and cursed the land that reared cruel Ulysses. praedixit vobis Furiarum ego maxuma pando. Soon the cloudy heights of Mount Leucata were revealed Italiam cursu petitis ventisque vocatis as well and ApolloÌs headland feared by sailors. ibitis Italiam portusque intrare licebit; We headed wearily for it and approached the little town: sed non ante datam cingetis moenibus urbem the anchor was thrown from the prow the stern rested on the beach. quam vos dira fames nostraeque iniuria caedis ambesas subigat malis absumere mensas.' Dixit et in silvam pennis ablata refugit. So beyond hope achieving land at last we purify ourselves for Jove and light offerings on the altars At sociis subita gelidus formidine sanguis and celebrate Trojan games on the shore of Actium. deriguit; cecidere animi nec iam amplius armis My naked companions slippery with oil sed votis precibusque iubent exposcere pacem indulge in the wrestling-bouts of their homeland: sive deae seu sint dirae obscenaeque volucres. itÌs good to have slipped past so many Greek cities Et pater Anchises passis de litore palmis and held our course in flight through the midst of the enemy. numina magna vocat meritosque indicit honores: Meanwhile the sun rolls through the long year 'Di prohibete minas; di talem avertite casum and icy winter stirs the waves with northerly gales: et placidi servate pios!' Tum litore funem I fix a shield of hollow bronze once carried by mighty Abas deripere excussosque iubet laxare rudentes. on the entrance pillars and mark the event with a verse: Tendunt vela Noti; fugimus spumantibus undis qua cursum ventusque gubernatorque vocabat. AENEAS OFFERS THIS ARMOUR FROM CONQUERING GREEKS Iam medio adparet fluctu nemorosa Zacynthos Dulichiumque Sameque et Neritos ardua saxis. then I order them to man the benches and leave harbour: Effugimus scopulos Ithacae Laertia regna in rivalry my friends strike the sea and sweep the waves. et terram altricem saevi exsecramur Ulixi. We soon leave behind the windblown heights of Phaeacia Mox et Leucatae nimbosa cacumina montis pass the shores of Epirus enter ChaoniaÌs harbour et formidatus nautis aperitur Apollo. and approach the lofty city of Buthrotum. Hunc petimus fessi et parvae succedimus urbi; ancora de prora iacitur stant litore puppes. Here a rumour of something unbelievable greeted our ears: Ergo insperata tandem tellure potiti PriamÌs son Helenus reigning over Greek cities lustramurque Iovi votisque incendimus aras having won the wife and kingdom of Pyrrhus AeacusÌs scion Actiaque Iliacis celebramus litora ludis. Andromache being given again to a husband of her race. Exercent patrias oleo labente palaestras I was astounded and my heart burned with an amazing passion nudati socii; iuvat evasisse tot urbes to speak to the man and learn of such events. Argolicas mediosque fugam tenuisse per hostis. I walked from the harbour leaving the fleet and the shore Interea magnum sol circumvolvitur annum when by chance in a sacred grove near the city by a false Simois et glacialis hiemps aquilonibus asperat undas. Andromache was making an annual offering sad gifts Aere cavo clipeum. magni gestamen Abantis to HectorÌs ashes and calling his spirit to the tomb postibus adversis figo et rem carmine signo: an empty mound of green turf and twin altars she had sanctified AENEAS HAEC DE DANAIS VICTORIBVS ARMA. a place for tears. When she saw me approaching and recognised Linquere tum portus iubeo et considere transtris: with amazement Trojan weapons round her she froze as she gazed certatim socii feriunt mare et aequora verrunt. terrified by these great wonders and the heat left her limbs. Protinus aerias Phaeacum abscondimus arces She half-fell and after a long while scarcely able to said: litoraque Epiri legimus portuque subimus ÍAre you a real person a real messenger come here to me Chaonio et celsam Buthroti accedimus urbem. son of the goddess? Are you alive? Or if the kindly light has faded where then is Hector?Î She spoke and poured out her tears Hic incredibilis rerum fama occupat auris and filled the whole place with her weeping. Given her frenzy Priamiden Helenum Graias regnare per urbes I barely replied with a few words and moved I spoke disjointedly: coniugio Aeacidae Pyrrhi sceptrisque potitum ÍSurely I live and lead a life full of extremes: donÌt be unsure et patrio Andromachen iterum cessisse marito. for you see truly. Ah! What fate has overtaken you fallen Obstipui miroque incensum pectus amore from so great a husband? Or has good fortune worthy enough compellare virum et casus cognoscere tantos. for HectorÌs Andromache visited you again? Are you still Progredior portu classis et litora linquens PyrrhusÌs wife?Î She lowered her eyes and spoke quietly: sollemnis cum forte dapes et tristia dona ÍO happy beyond all others was that virgin daughter ante urbem in luco falsi Simoentis ad undam of Priam commanded to die beside an enemy tomb libabat cineri Andromache Manisque vocabat under TroyÌs high walls who never suffered fateÌs lottery Hectoreum ad tumulum viridi quem caespite inanem or as a prisoner reached her victorious masterÌs bed! et geminas causam lacrimis sacraverat aras. Carried over distant seas my country set afire I endured the scorn of AchillesÌs son and his youthful arrogance Ut me conspexit venientem et Troia circum giving birth as a slave: he who then pursuing Hermione arma amens vidit magnis exterrita monstris HelenÌs daughter and a Spartan marriage transferred me deriguit visu in medio calor ossa reliquit; to HelenusÌs keeping a servant to a servant. labitur et longo vix tandem tempore fatur: But Orestes inflamed by great love for his stolen bride 'Verane te facies verus mihi nuntius adfers and driven by the Furies for his crime caught him nate dea? Vivisne aut si lux alma recessit unawares and killed him by his fatherÌs altar. Hector ubi est?' Dixit lacrimasque effudit et omnem At PyrrhusÌs death a part of the kingdom passed by right implevit clamore locum. Vix pauca furenti to Helenus who named the Chaonian fields and all subicio et raris turbatus vocibus hisco: Chaonia after Chaon of Troy and built a Pergamus 'vivo equidem vitamque extrema per omnia duco; and this fortress of Ilium on the mountain ridge. ne dubita nam vera vides. But what winds what fates set your course for you? Heu quis te casus deiectam coniuge tanto Or what god drives you unknowingly to our shores? excipit aut quae digna satis fortuna revisit What of the child Ascanius? Does he live and graze on air Hectoris Andromachen? Pyrrhin' conubia servas?' he whom Creusa bore to you in vanished Troy? Has he any love still for his lost mother? Deiecit voltum et demissa voce locuta est: Have his father Aeneas and his uncle Hector roused 'O felix una ante alias Priameia virgo in him any of their ancient courage or virile spirit?Î hostilem ad tumulum Troiae sub moenibus altis Weeping she poured out these words and was starting iussa mori quae sortitus non pertulit ullos a long vain lament when heroic Helenus PriamÌs son nec victoris eri tetigit captiva cubile! approached from the city with a large retinue nos patria incensa diversa per aequora vectae and recognised us as his own and lead us joyfully stirpis Achilleae fastus iuvenemque superbum to the gates and poured out tears freely at every word. servitio enixae tulimus: qui deinde secutus I walked on and saw a little Troy and a copy of the great Ledaeam Hermionen Lacedaemoniosque hymenaeos citadel and a dry stream named after the Xanthus me famulo famulamque Heleno transmisit habendam. and embraced the doorposts of a Scaean Gate. Ast illum ereptae magno inflammatus amore My Trojans enjoyed the friendly city with me no less. coniugis et scelerum Furiis agitatus Orestes The king received them in a broad colonnade: excipit incautum patriasque obtruncat ad aras. they poured out cups of wine in the centre of a courtyard Morte Neoptolemi regnorum reddita cessit and held out their dishes while food was served on gold. pars Heleno qui Chaonios cognomine campos Chaoniamque omnem Troiano a Chaone dixit Pergamaque Iliacamque iugis hanc addidit arcem. Sed tibi qui cursum venti quae fata dedere? Now day after day has gone by and the breezes call Aut quisnam ignarum nostris deus adpulit oris? to the sails and the canvas swells with a rising Southerly: Quid puer Ascanius? superatne et vescitur aura I go to Helenus the seer with these words and ask: quem tibi iam Troia--- ÍTrojan-born agent of the gods you who know ApolloÌs will Ecqua tamen puero est amissae cura parentis? the tripods the laurels at Claros the stars the language Ecquid in antiquam virtutem animosque virilis of birds and the omens of their wings in flight et pater Aeneas et avunculus excitat Hector?' come speak (since a favourable oracle told me all my route and all the gods in their divinity urged me Talia fundebat lacrimans longosque ciebat to seek Italy and explore the furthest lands: incassum fletus cum sese a moenibus heros only the Harpy Celaeno predicts fresh portents Priamides multis Helenus comitantibus adfert evil to tell of and threatens bitter anger adgnoscitque suos laetusque ad limina ducit and vile famine) first what dangers shall I avoid? et multum lacrimas verba inter singula fundit. Following what course can I overcome such troubles?Î Procedo et parvam Troiam simulataque magnis Helenus first sacrificing bullocks according to the ritual Pergama et arentem Xanthi cognomine rivum obtained the godsÌ grace then loosened the headband adgnosco Scaeaeque amplector limina portae. from his holy brow and led me anxious at so much Nec non et Teucri socia simul urbe fruuntur: divine power with his own hand to your threshold Apollo illos porticibus rex accipiebat in amplis; and then the priest prophesied this from the divine mouth: aulai medio libabant pocula Bacchi ÍSon of the goddess since the truth is clear that you sail impositis auro dapibus paterasque tenebant. the deep blessed by the higher powers (so the king of the gods allots our fates and rolls the changes so the order alters) Iamque dies alterque dies processit et aurae IÌll explain a few things of many in my words to you vela vocant tumidoque inflatur carbasus austro. so you may travel foreign seas more safely and can find His vatem adgredior dictis ac talia quaeso: rest in an Italian haven: for the Fates forbid Helenus 'Troiugena interpres divom qui numina Phoebi to know further and Saturnian Juno denies him speech. qui tripodas Clarii laurus qui sidera sentis Firstly a long pathless path by long coastlines separates et volucrum linguas et praepetis omina pennae you from that far-off Italy whose neighbouring port fare age---namque omnem cursum mihi prospera dixit you intend to enter unknowingly thinking it nearby. religio et cuncti suaserunt numine divi Before you can build your city in a safe land Italiam petere et terras temptare repostas: you must bend the oar in Sicilian waters sola novum dictuque nefas Harpyia Celaeno and pass the levels of the Italian seas in your ships prodigium canit et tristis denuntiat iras the infernal lakes and Aeaean CirceÌs island. obscenamque famem---quae prima pericula vito? IÌll tell you of signs: keep them stored in your memory. Quidve sequens tantos possim superare labores?' When in your distress you find a huge sow lying on the shore by the waters of a remote river under the oak trees Hic Helenus caesis primum de more iuvencis that has farrowed a litter of thirty young a white sow exorat pacem divom vittasque resolvit lying on the ground with white piglets round her teats sacrati capitis meque ad tua limina Phoebe that place shall be your city thereÌs true rest from your labours. ipse manu multo suspensum numine ducit And do not dread that gnawing of tables in your future: atque haec deinde canit divino ex ore sacerdos: the fates will find a way Apollo will be there at your call. But avoid these lands and this nearer coastline 'Nate dea ---nam te maioribus ire per altum of the Italian shore washed by our own auspiciis manifesta fides: sic fata deum rex ocean tide: hostile Greeks inhabit every town. sortitur volvitque vices; is vertitur ordo--- The Narycian Locri have built a city here pauca tibi e multis quo tutior hospita lustres and Lyctian Idomeneus has filled the plain aequora et Ausonio possis considere portu with soldiers: here is that little Petelia of Philoctetes expediam dictis; prohibent nam cetera Parcae leader of the Meliboeans relying on its walls. scire Helenum farique vetat Saturnia Iuno. Then when your fleet has crossed the sea and anchored Principio Italiam quam tu iam rere propinquam and the altars are raised for your offerings on the shore vicinosque ignare paras invadere portus veil your hair clothed in your purple robes so that longa procul longis via dividit invia terris. in worshipping the gods no hostile face may intrude Ante et Trinacria lentandus remus in unda among the sacred flames and disturb the omens. et salis Ausonii lustrandum navibus aequor Let your friends adopt this mode of sacrifice and yourself: infernique lacus Aeaeaeque insula Circae and let your descendants remain pure in this religion. quam tuta possis urbem componere terra: But when the wind carries you on leaving to the Sicilian shore signa tibi dicam tu condita mente teneto: and the barriers of narrow Pelorus open ahead cum tibi sollicito secreti ad fluminis undam make for the seas and land to port in a long circuit: litoreis ingens inventa sub ilicibus sus avoid the shore and waters on the starboard side. triginta capitum fetus enixa iacebit. They say when the two were one continuous stretch of land alba solo recubans albi circum ubera nati they one day broke apart torn by the force of a vast upheaval is locus urbis erit requies ea certa laborum. (timeÌs remote antiquity enables such great changes). Nec tu mensarum morsus horresce futuros: The sea flowed between them with force and severed fata viam invenient aderitque vocatus Apollo. the Italian from the Sicilian coast and a narrow tideway washes the cities and fields on separate shores. 'Has autem terras Italique hanc litoris oram Scylla holds the right side implacable Charybdis the left proxuma quae nostri perfunditur aequoris aestu who in the depths of the abyss swallows the vast flood effuge; cuncta malis habitantur moenia Grais. three times into the downward gulf and alternately lifts Hic et Narycii posuerunt moenia Locri it to the air and lashes the heavens with her waves. et Sallentinos obsedit milite campos But a cave surrounds Scylla with dark hiding-places Lyctius Idomeneus; hic illa ducis Meliboei and she thrusts her mouths out and drags ships onto the rocks. parva Philoctetae subnixa Petelia muro. Above she has human shape and is a girl with lovely breasts Quin ubi transmissae steterint trans aequora classes a girl down to her sex below it she is a sea-monster of huge size et positis aris iam vota in litore solves with dolphinsÌ tails joined to a belly formed of wolves. purpureo velare comas adopertus amictu It is better to round the point of Pachynus ne qua inter sanctos ignis in honore deorum lingering and circling Sicily on a long course hostilis facies occurrat et omina turbet. than to once catch sight of hideous Scylla in her vast cave Hunc socii morem sacrorum hunc ipse teneto: and the rocks that echo to her sea-dark hounds. hac casti maneant in religione nepotes. Beyond this if Helenus has any knowledge if the seer can be believed if Apollo fills his spirit with truth 'Ast ubi digressum Siculae te admoverit orae son of the goddess I will say this one thing this one thing ventus et angusti rarescent claustra Pelori that is worth all and IÌll repeat the warning again and again laeva tibi tellus et longo laeva petantur honour great JunoÌs divinity above all with prayer and recite aequora circuitu: dextrum fuge litus et undas. your vows to Juno freely and win over that powerful lady Haec loca vi quondam et vasta convolsa ruina--- with humble gifts: so at last youÌll leave Sicily behind tantum aevi longinqua valet mutare vetustas--- and reach the coast of Italy victorious. dissiluisse ferunt cum protinus utraque tellus Once brought there approach the city of Cumae una foret; venit medio vi pontus et undis the ghostly lakes and Avernus with its whispering groves Hesperium Siculo latus abscidit arvaque et urbes gaze on the raving prophetess who sings the fates litore diductas angusto interluit aestu. deep in the rock and commits names and signs to leaves. Dextrum Scylla latus laevum implacata Charybdis Whatever verses the virgin writes on the leaves obsidet atque imo barathri ter gurgite vastos she arranges in order and stores them high up in her cave. sorbet in abruptum fluctus rursusque sub auras They stay in place motionless and keep in rank: erigit alternos et sidera verberat unda. but once a light breeze ruffles them at the turn of a hinge At Scyllam caecis cohibet spelunca latebris and the opening door disturbs the delicate leaves she never ora exsertantem et navis in saxa trahentem. thinks to retrieve them as they flutter through the rocky cave Prima hominis facies et pulchro pectore virgo or to return them to their places or reconstitute the prophecies: pube tenus postrema immani corpore pristis men go away unanswered and detest the SibylÌs lair. delphinum caudas utero commissa luporum. Though your friends complain and though your course Praestat Trinacrii metas lustrare Pachyni calls your sails urgently to the deep and a following wind cessantem longos et circumflectere cursus might fill the canvas donÌt overvalue the loss in any delay quam semel informem vasto vidisse sub antro but visit the prophetess and beg her with prayers to speak Scyllam et caeruleis canibus resonantia saxa. the oracle herself and loose her voice through willing lips. She will rehearse the peoples of Italy the wars to come 'Praeterea si qua est Heleno prudentia vati and how you might evade or endure each trial si qua fides animum si veris implet Apollo and shown respect sheÌll grant you a favourable journey. unum illud tibi nate dea proque omnibus unum These are the things you can be warned of by my voice. praedicam et repetens iterumque iterumque monebo: Go now and by your actions raise great Troy to the stars.Î Iunonis magnae primum prece numen adora; Iunoni cane vota libens dominamque potentem supplicibus supera donis: sic denique victor After the seer had spoken these words with benign lips Trinacria finis Italos mittere relicta. he ordered heavy gifts of gold and carved ivory to be carried to our ships and stored massive silverware 'Huc ubi delatus Cumaeam accesseris urbem in the holds cauldrons from Dodona a hooked breastplate divinosque lacus et Averna sonantia silvis woven with triple-linked gold and a fine conical helmet insanam vatem aspicies quae rupe sub ima with a crest of horse-hair PyrrhusÌs armour. fata canit foliisque notas et nomina mandat. There were gifts of his own for my father too. Quaecumque in foliis descripsit carmina virgo Helenus added horses and sea-pilots: he manned digerit in numerum atque antro seclusa relinquit. our oars: he also equipped my friends with weapons. Illa manent immota locis neque ab ordine cedunt; Meanwhile Anchises ordered us to rig sails on the ships verum eadem verso tenuis cum cardine ventus so the rushing wind would not be lost by our delay. impulit et teneras turbavit ianua frondes ApolloÌs agent spoke to him with great respect: numquam deinde cavo volitantia prendere saxo ÍAnchises worthy of proud marriage with Venus nec revocare situs aut iungere carmina curat: cared for by the gods twice saved from the ruins of Troy inconsulti abeunt sedemque odere Sibyllae. behold your land of Italy: sail and take it. Hic tibi ne qua morae fuerint dispendia tanti --- But still you must slide past it on the seas: quamvis increpitent socii et vi cursus in altum the part of Italy that Apollo named is far away. vela vocet possisque sinus implere secundos --- Go onward happy in your sonÌs love. Why should I say more quin adeas vatem precibusque oracula poscas and delay your catching the rising wind?Î ipsa canat vocemque volens atque ora resolvat. Andromache also grieved at this final parting brought robes Illa tibi Italiae populos venturaque bella embroidered with gold weave and a Phrygian cloak et quo quemque modo fugiasque ferasque laborem for Ascanius nor did she fail to honour him expediet cursusque dabit venerata secundos. and loaded him down with gifts of cloth and said: Haec sunt quae nostra liceat te voce moneri. ÍTake these as well my child remembrances for you Vade age et ingentem factis fer ad aethera Troiam.' from my hand and witness of the lasting love of Andromache HectorÌs wife. Take these last gifts from your kin Quae postquam vates sic ore effatus amico est O you the sole image left to me of my Astyanax. dona dehinc auro gravia sectoque elephanto He had the same eyes the same hands the same lips: imperat ad navis ferri stipatque carinis and now he would be growing up like you equal in age.Î ingens argentum Dodonaeosque lebetas My tears welled as I spoke these parting words: loricam consertam hamis auroque trilicem ÍLive happily you whose fortunes are already determined: et conum insignis galeae cristasque comantis we are summoned onwards from destiny to destiny. arma Neoptolemi; sunt et sua dona parenti. For you peace is achieved: youÌve no need to plough the levels Addit equos additque duces; of the sea youÌve no need to seek ItalyÌs ever-receding fields. remigium supplet; socios simul instruit armis. I wish that you might gaze at your likeness of Xanthus and a Troy built by your own hands under happier auspices Interea classem velis aptare iubebat one which might be less exposed to the Greeks. Anchises fieret vento mora ne qua ferenti. If I ever reach the Tiber and the TiberÌs neighbouring fields Quem Phoebi interpres multo compellat honore: and gaze on city walls granted to my people weÌll one day 'Coniugio Anchise Veneris dignate superbo make one Troy in spirit from each of our kindred cities cura deum bis Pergameis erepte ruinis and allied peoples in Epirus in Italy who have the same Dardanus ecce tibi Ausoniae tellus; hanc arripe velis. for ancestor the same history: let it be left to our descendants care.Î Et tamen hanc pelago praeterlabare necesse est; Ausoniae pars illa procul quam pandit Apollo. Vade' ait 'O felix nati pietate. Quid ultra We sail on over the sea close to the Ceraunian cliffs nearby provehor et fando surgentis demoror austros?' on course for Italy and the shortest path over the waves. Meanwhile the sun is setting and the darkened hills are in shadow. Nec minus Andromache digressu maesta supremo Having shared oars we stretch out near the waves on the surface fert picturatas auri subtemine vestes of the long-desired land and scattered across the dry beach et Phrygiam Ascanio chlamydem (nec cedit honore) we rest our bodies: sleep refreshes our weary limbs. textilibusque onerat donis ac talia fatur: Night lead by the Hours is not yet in mid-course: 'Accipe et haec manuum tibi quae monumenta mearum Palinurus rises alertly from his couch tests all sint puer et longum Andromachae testentur amorem the winds and listens to the breeze: he notes coniugis Hectoreae. Cape dona extrema tuorum all the stars gliding through the silent sky O milli sola mei super Astyanactis imago: Arcturus the rainy Pleiades both the Bears sic oculos sic ille manus sic ora ferebat; and surveys Orion armed with gold. When he sees et nunc aequali tecum pubesceret aevo.' that all tallies and the sky is calm he sounds a loud call from the shipÌs stern: we break camp Hos ego digrediens lacrimis adfabar obortis: attempt our route and spread the winged sails. 'Vivite felices quibus est fortuna peracta And now Dawn blushes as she puts the stars to flight iam sua; nos alia ex aliis in fata vocamur. when we see far off dark hills and low-lying Italy. Vobis parta quies; nullum maris aequor arandum First Achates proclaims Italy then my companions arva neque Ausoniae semper cedentia retro hail Italy with a joyful shout. Then my father Anchises quaerenda. Effigiem Xanthi Troiamque videtis took up a large bowl filled it with wine quam vestrae fecere manus melioribus opto and standing in the high stern called to the heavens: auspiciis et quae fuerit minus obvia Graiis. ÍYou gods lords of the sea and earth and storms carry us Si quando Thybrim vicinaque Thybridis arva onward on a gentle breeze and breathe on us with kindness!Î intraro gentique meae data moenia cernam The wind we longed-for rises now as we near a harbour opens cognatas urbes olim populosque propinquos and a temple is visible on MinervaÌs Height. Epiro Hesperia quibus idem Dardanus auctor My companions furl the sails and turn the prows to shore. atque idem casus unam faciemus utramque The harbour is carved in an arc by the eastern tides: Troiam animis; maneat nostros ea cura nepotes.' its jutting rocks boil with salt spray so that it itself is hidden: towering cliffs extend their arms in a twin wall Provehimur pelago vicina Ceraunia iuxta and the temple lies back from the shore. unde iter Italiam cursusque brevissimus undis. Here I see four horses in the long grass white as snow Sol ruit interea et montes umbrantur opaci; grazing widely over the plain our first omen. sternimur optatae gremio telluris ad undam And my father Anchises cries: ÍO foreign land you bring us war: sortiti remos passimque in litore sicco horses are armed for war war is what this herd threatens. corpora curamus; fessos sopor inrigat artus. Yet those same creatures one day can be yoked to a chariot Necdum orbem medium Nox horis acta subibat: and once yoked will suffer the bridle in harmony: haud segnis strato surgit Palinurus et omnis thereÌs also hope of peace.Î Then we pray to the sacred power explorat ventos atque auribus aera captat; of Pallas of the clashing weapons first to receive our cheers sidera cuncta notat tacito labentia caelo and clothed in Phrygian robes we veiled our heads before the altar Arcturum pluviasque Hyadas geminosque Triones and following the urgent command Helenus had given armatumque auro circumspicit Oriona. we duly made burnt offerings to Argive Juno as ordered. Postquam cuncta videt caelo constare sereno dat clarum e puppi signum; nos castra movemus temptamusque viam et velorum pandimus alas. Without delay as soon as our vows are fully paid Iamque rubescebat stellis Aurora fugatis we haul on the ends of our canvas-shrouded yard-arms cum procul obscuros collis humilemque videmus and leave the home of the Greek race and the fields we mistrust. Italiam. ''Italiam'' primus conclamat Achates Then TarentumÌs bay is seen HerculesÌs city if the tale is true: ''Italiam'' laeto socii clamore salutant. Lacinian JunoÌs temple rises against it CaulonÌs fortress Tum pater Anchises magnum cratera corona and ScylaceumÌs shore of shipwreck. induit implevitque mero divosque vocavit Then far off Sicilian Etna appears from the waves stans celsa in puppi: and we hear the loud roar of the sea and the distant 'Di maris et terrae tempestatumque potentes tremor of the rocks and the broken murmurs of the shore ferte viam vento facilem et spirate secundi.' the shallows boil and sand mixes with the flood. Crebrescunt optatae aurae portusque patescit Then my father Anchises said: ÍThis must be Charybdis: iam propior templumque adparet in arce Minervae. these are the cliffs these are the horrendous rocks Helenus foretold. Vela legunt socii et proras ad litora torquent. Pull away O comrades and stand to the oars together.Î Portus ab Euroo fluctu curvatus in arcum They do no less than theyÌre asked and Palinurus is the first obiectae salsa spumant aspargine cautes; to heave his groaning ship into the portside waves: ipse latet; gemino demittunt bracchia muro all our company seek port with oars and sail. turriti scopuli refugitque ab litore templum. We climb to heaven on the curving flood and again Quattuor hic primum omen equos in gramine vidi sink down with the withdrawing waves to the depths of Hades. tondentis campum late candore nivali. The cliffs boom three times in their rocky caves Et pater Anchises: 'Bellum O terra hospita portas three times we see the spray burst and the dripping stars. bello armantur equi bellum haec armenta minantur. Then the wind and sunlight desert weary men Sed tamen idem olim curru succedere sueti and not knowing the way we drift to the CyclopesÌs shore. quadrupedes et frena iugo concordia ferre; ThereÌs a harbour itself large and untroubled by the passing winds spes et pacis' ait. Tum numina sancta precamur but Etna rumbles nearby with fearsome avalanches Palladis armisonae quae prima accepit ovantis now it spews black clouds into the sky smoking et capita ante aras Phrygio velamur amictu; with pitch-black turbulence and glowing ashes praeceptisque Heleni dederat quae maxima rite and throws up balls of flame licking the stars: Iunoni Argivae iussos adolemus honores. now it hurls high the rocks it vomits and the mountainÌs torn entrails and gathers molten lava together in the air Haud mora continuo perfectis ordine votis with a roar boiling from its lowest depths. cornua velatarum obvertimus antemarum The tale is that EnceladusÌs body scorched by the lightning-bolt Graiugenumque domos suspectaque linquimus arva. is buried by that mass and piled above him mighty Etna Hinc sinus Herculei (si vera est fama) Tarenti breathes flames from its riven furnaces cernitur; attollit se diva Lacinia contra and as often as he turns his weary flank all Sicily Caulonisque arces et navifragum Scylaceum. quakes and rumbles and clouds the sky with smoke. Tum procul e fluctu Trinacria cernitur Aetna That night we hide in the woods enduring the dreadful shocks et gemitum ingentem pelagi pulsataque saxa unable to see what the cause of the sound is audimus longe fractasque ad litora voces since there are no heavenly fires no bright pole exsultantque vada atque aestu miscentur harenae. in the starry firmament but clouds in a darkened sky Et pater Anchises: 'Nimirum haec illa Charybdis: and the dead of night holds the moon in shroud. hos Helenus scopulos haec saxa horrenda canebat. Eripite O socii pariterque insurgite remis!' Now the next day was breaking with the first light of dawn Haud minus ac iussi faciunt primusque rudentem and Aurora had dispersed the moist shadows from the sky contorsit laevas proram Palinurus ad undas. when suddenly the strange form of an unknown man came out laevam cuncta cohors remis ventisque petivit. of the woods exhausted by the last pangs of hunger Tollimur in caelum curvato gurgite et idem pitifully dressed and stretched his hands in supplication subducta ad Manis imos desedimus unda. towards the shore. We looked back. Vile with filth his beard uncut Ter scopuli clamorem inter cava saxa dedere: his clothing fastened together with thorns: but otherwise a Greek ter spumam elisam et rorantia vidimus astra. once sent to Troy in his countryÌs armour. Interea fessos ventus cum sole reliquit When he saw the Dardan clothes and Trojan weapons far off ignarique viae Cyclopum adlabimur oris. he hesitated a moment frightened at the sight and checked his steps: then ran headlong to the beach Portus ab accessu ventorum immotus et ingens with tears and prayers: ÍThe stars be my witness ipse; sed horrificis iuxta tonat Aetna ruinis; the gods the light in the life-giving sky Trojans interdumque atram prorumpit ad aethera nubem take me with you: carry me to any country whatsoever turbine fumantem piceo et candente favilla that will be fine by me. I know IÌm from one of the Greek ships attollitque globos flammarum et sidera lambit; and I confess that I made war against Trojan gods interdum scopulos avolsaque viscera montis if my crime is so great an injury to you scatter me erigit eructans liquefactaque saxa sub auras over the waves for it or drown me in the vast ocean: cum gemitu glomerat fundoque exaestuat imo. if I die IÌll delight in dying at the hands of men.Î Fama est Enceladi semustum fulmine corpus He spoke and clung to my knees embracing them urgueri mole hac ingentemque insuper Aetnam and grovelling there. We urged him to say who he was impositam ruptis flammam exspirare caminis; born of what blood then to say what fate pursued him. et fessum quotiens mutet latus intremere omnem Without much delay my father Anchises himself gave murmure Trinacriam et caelum subtexere fumo. the young man his hand lifting his spirits by this ready trust. Noctem illam tecti silvis immania monstra At last he set his fears aside and told us: perferimus nec quae sonitum det causa videmus. ÍIÌm from the land of Ithaca a companion of unlucky Ulysses Nam neque erant astrorum ignes nec lucidus aethra Achaemenides by name and my father Adamastus being poor siderea polus obscuro sed nubila caelo (I wish fate had kept me so!) I set out for Troy. et lunam in nimbo nox intempesta tenebat. My comrades left me here in the CyclopsÌ vast cave forgetting me as they hurriedly left that grim Postera iamque dies primo surgebat Eoo threshold. ItÌs a house of blood and gory feasts umentemque Aurora polo dimoverat umbram: vast and dark inside. He himself is gigantic striking against cum subito e silvis macie confecta suprema the high stars Ä gods remove plagues like that from the earth! Ä ignoti nova forma viri miserandaque cultu not pleasant to look at affable to no one. procedit supplexque manus ad litora tendit. He eats the dark blood and flesh of wretched men. Respicimus: dira inluvies inmissaque barba I saw myself how he seized two of our number in his huge hands consertum tegumen spinis; at cetera Graius and reclining in the centre of the cave broke them [et quondam patriis ad Troiam missus in armis.] on the rock so the threshold drenched swam with blood: Isque ubi Dardanios habitus et Troia vidit I saw how he gnawed their limbs dripping with dark clots arma procul paulum aspectu conterritus haesit of gore and the still-warm bodies quivered in his jaws. continuitque gradum; mox sese ad litora praeceps Yet he did not go unpunished: Ulysses didnÌt suffer it cum fletu precibusque tulit: 'Per sidera testor nor did the Ithacan forget himself in a crisis. per superos atque hoc caeli spirabile lumen As soon as the Cyclops full of flesh and sated with wine tollite me Teucri; quascumque abducite terras; relaxed his neck and lay huge in size across the cave hoc sat erit. Scio me Danais e classibus unum drooling gore and blood and wine-drenched fragments et bello Iliacos fateor petiisse Penatis; in his sleep we prayed to the great gods and our roles fixed pro quo si sceleris tanta est iniuria nostri surrounded him on all sides and stabbed his one huge eye spargite me in fluctus vastoque inmergite ponto. solitary and half-hidden under his savage brow Si pereo hominum manibus periisse iuvabit.' like a round Greek shield or the sun-disc of Phoebus Dixerat et genua amplexus genibusque volutans with a sharpened stake: and so we joyfully avenged haerebat. Qui sit fari quo sanguine cretus the spirits of our friends. But fly from here wretched men hortamur; quae deinde agitet fortuna fateri. and cut your mooring ropes. Since like Polyphemus who pens Ipse pater dextram Anchises haud multa moratus woolly flocks in the rocky cave and milks their udders there are dat iuveni atque animum praesenti pignore firmat. a hundred other appalling Cyclopes the same in shape and size Ille haec deposita tandem formidine fatur: everywhere inhabiting the curved bay and wandering the hills. The moonÌs horns have filled with light three times now while I 'Sum patria ex Ithaca comes infelicis Ulixi have been dragging my life out in the woods among the lairs nomine Achaemenides Troiam genitore Adamasto and secret haunts of wild creatures watching the huge Cyclopes paupere---mansissetque utinam fortuna!---profectus. from the cliffs trembling at their voices and the sound of their feet. Hic me dum trepidi crudelia limina linquunt The branches yield a miserable supply of fruits and stony cornelian inmemores socii vasto Cyclopis in antro cherries and the grasses torn up by their roots feed me. deseruere. Domus sanie dapibusque cruentis Watching for everything I saw for the first time this fleet intus opaca ingens; ipse arduus altaque pulsat approaching shore. Whatever might happen I surrendered myself sidera---Di talem terris avertite pestem!--- to you: itÌs enough for me to have escaped that wicked people. nec visu facilis nec dictu adfabilis ulli. IÌd rather you took this life of mine by any death whatsoever.Î Visceribus miserorum et sanguine vescitur atro. Vidi egomet duo de numero cum corpora nostro prensa manu magna medio resupinus in antro HeÌd barely spoken when we saw the shepherd Polyphemus frangeret ad saxum sanieque aspersa natarent himself moving his mountainous bulk on the hillside limina; vidi atro cum membra fluentia tabo among the flocks and heading for the familiar shore manderet et tepidi tremerent sub dentibus artus. a fearful monster vast and shapeless robbed of the light. Haud impune quidem; nec talia passus Ulixes A lopped pine-trunk in his hand steadied and guided oblitusve sui est Ithacus discrimine tanto. his steps: his fleecy sheep accompanied him: Nam simul expletus dapibus vinoque sepultus his sole delight and the solace for his evils. cervicem inflexam posuit iacuitque per antrum As soon as he came to the sea and reached the deep water immensus saniem eructans et frusta cruento he washed away the blood oozing from the gouged eye-socket per somnum commixta mero nos magna precati groaning and gnashing his teeth. Then he walked through numina sortitique vices una undique circum the depths of the waves without the tide wetting his vast thighs. fundimur et telo lumen terebramus acuto --- Anxiously we hurried our departure from there accepting ingens quod torva solum sub fronte latebat the worthy suppliant on board and cutting the cable in silence: Argolici clipei aut Phoebeae lampadis instar --- then leaning into our oars we vied in sweeping the sea. et tandem laeti sociorum ulciscimur umbras. He heard and bent his course towards the sound of splashing. Sed fugite O miseri fugite But when he was denied the power to set hands on us rumpite. and unable to counter the force of the Ionian waves in pursuit he raised a mighty shout at which the sea and all the waves Nam qualis quantusque cavo Polyphemus in antro shook and the land of Italy was frightened far inland lanigeras claudit pecudes atque ubera pressat and Etna bellowed from its winding caverns but the tribe centum alii curva haec habitant ad litora volgo of Cyclopes roused from their woods and high mountains infandi Cyclopes et altis montibus errant. rushed to the harbour and crowded the shore. Tertia iam lunae se cornua lumine complent We saw them standing there impotently wild-eyed cum vitam in silvis inter deserta ferarum the Aetnean brotherhood heads towering into the sky lustra domosque traho vastosque ab rupe Cyclopas a fearsome gathering: like tall oaks rooted on a summit prospicio sonitumque pedum vocemque tremesco. or cone-bearing cypresses in JoveÌs high wood or DianaÌs grove. Victum infelicem bacas lapidosaque corna Acute fear drove us on to pay out the ropes on whatever tack dant rami et volsis pascunt radicibus herbae. and spread our sails to any favourable wind. Omnia conlustrans hanc primum ad litora classem HelenusÌs orders warned against taking a course between conspexi venientem. Huic me quaecumque fuisset Scylla and Charybdis a hairÌs breadth from death addixi: satis est gentem effugisse nefandam. on either side: we decided to beat back again. Vos animam hanc potius quocumque absumite leto.' When behold a northerly arrived from the narrow headland of Pelorus: I sailed past the natural rock mouth Vix ea fatus erat summo cum monte videmus of the Pantagias MegaraÌs bay and low-lying Thapsus. ipsum inter pecudes vasta se mole moventem Such were the shores Achaemenides the friend of unlucky Ulysses pastorem Polyphemum et litora nota petentem showed me sailing his wandering journey again in reverse. monstrum horrendum informe ingens Trunca manu pinus regit et vestigia firmat; lanigerae comitantur oves---ea sola voluptas solamenque mali. An island lies over against wave-washed Plemyrium Postquam altos tetigit fluctus et ad aequora venit stretched across a Sicilian bay: named Ortygia by men of old. luminis effossi fluidum lavit inde cruorem The story goes that Alpheus a river of Elis forced dentibus infrendens gemitu graditurque per aequor a hidden path here under the sea and merges iam medium necdum fluctus latera ardua tinxit. with the Sicilian waters of your fountain Arethusa. Nos procul inde fugam trepidi celerare recepto As commanded we worshipped the great gods of this land supplice sic merito tacitique incidere funem; and from there I passed marshy HelorusÌs marvellously rich soil. vertimus et proni certantibus aequora remis. Next we passed the tall reefs and jutting rocks of Pachynus Sensit et ad sonitum vocis vestigia torsit; and Camerina appeared in the distance granted verum ubi nulla datur dextra adfectare potestas immoveable by prophecy and the Geloan plains nec potis Ionios fluctus aequare sequendo and Gela named after its savage river. clamorem immensum tollit quo pontus et omnes Then steep Acragas once the breeder of brave horses contremuere undae penitusque exterrita tellus showed its mighty ramparts in the distance: Italiae curvisque immugiit Aetna cavernis. and granted the wind I left palmy Selinus and passed the tricky shallows of Lilybaeum with their blind reefs. At genus e silvis Cyclopum et montibus altis Next the harbour of Drepanum and its joyless shore excitum ruit ad portus et litora complent. received me. Here alas I lost my father Anchises Cernimus adstantis nequiquam lumine torvo my comfort in every trouble and misfortune I whoÌd Aetnaeos fratres caelo capita alta ferentis been driven by so many ocean storms: here you left me concilium horrendum: quales cum vertice celso weary best of fathers saved from so many dangers in vain! aeriae quercus aut coniferae cyparissi Helenus the seer did not prophesy this grief of mine constiterunt silva alta Iovis lucusve Dianae. when he warned me of many horrors nor did grim Celaeno. Praecipites metus acer agit quocumque rudentis This was my last trouble this the end of my long journey: excutere et ventis intendere vela secundis. leaving there the god drove me to your shores.Ì Contra iussa monent Heleni Scyllam atque Charybdin So our ancestor Aeneas as all listened to one man inter utramque viam leti discrimine parvo recounted divine fate and described his journey. ni teneant cursus; certum est dare lintea retro. At last he stopped and making an end here rested. Ecce autem Boreas angusta ab sede Pelori missus adest. Vivo praetervehor ostia saxo Pantagiae Megarosque sinus Thapsumque iacentem. But the queen, wounded long since by intense love, Talia monstrabat relegens errata retrorsus feeds the hurt with her life-blood, weakened by hidden fire. litora Achaemenides; comes infelicis Ulixi. The heroÌs courage often returns to mind, and the nobility of his race: his features and his words cling fixedly to her heart, Sicanio praetenta sinu iacet insula contra and love will not grant restful calm to her body. Plemyrium undosum; nomen dixere priores The new dayÌs Dawn was lighting the earth with PhoebusÌs Ortygiam. Alpheum fama est huc Elidis amnem brightness, and dispelling the dew-wet shadows from the sky, occultas egisse vias subter mare; qui nunc when she spoke ecstatically to her sister, her kindred spirit: ore Arethusa tuo Siculis confunditur undis. ÍAnna, sister, how my dreams terrify me with anxieties! Iussi numina magna loci veneramur; et inde Who is this strange guest who has entered our house, exsupero praepingue solum stagnantis Helori. with what boldness he speaks, how resolute in mind and warfare! Hinc altas cautes proiectaque saxa Pachyni Truly I think Ä and itÌs no idle saying Ä that heÌs born of a goddess. radimus et fatis numquam concessa moveri Fear reveals the ignoble spirit. Alas! What misfortunes test him! adparet Camerina procul campique Geloi What battles he spoke of, that he has undergone! immanisque Gela fluvii cognomine dicta. If my mind was not set, fixedly and immovably, Arduus inde Acragas ostentat maxuma longe never to join myself with any man in the bonds of marriage, moenia magnanimum quondam generator equorum; because first-love betrayed me, cheated me through dying: teque datis linquo ventis palmosa Selinus if I were not wearied by marriage and bridal-beds, et vada dura lego saxis Lilybeia caecis. perhaps I might succumb to this one temptation. Anna, yes I confess, since my poor husband SychaeusÌs death Hinc Drepani me portus et inlaetabilis ora when the altars were blood-stained by my murderous brother, accipit. Hic pelagi tot tempestatibus actis heÌs the only man whoÌs stirred my senses, troubled my heu genitorem omnis curae casusque levamen wavering mind. I know the traces of the ancient flame. amitto Anchisen: hic me pater optume fessum But I pray rather that earth might gape wide for me, to its depths, deseris heu tantis nequiquam erepte periclis! or the all-powerful father hurl me with his lightning-bolt Nec vates Helenus cum multa horrenda moneret down to the shadows, to the pale ghosts, and deepest night hos mihi praedixit luctus non dira Celaeno. of Erebus, before I violate you, Honour, or break your laws. Hic labor extremus longarum haec meta viarum. He who first took me to himself has stolen my love: Hinc me digressum vestris deus adpulit oris. let him keep it with him, and guard it in his grave.Î So saying her breast swelled with her rising tears. Sic pater Aeneas intentis omnibus unus Anna replied: ÍO you, who are more beloved to your sister fata renarrabat divom cursusque docebat. than the light, will you wear your whole youth away Conticuit tandem factoque hic fine quievit. in loneliness and grief, and not know VenusÌs sweet gifts AT regina gravi iamdudum saucia cura or her children? Do you think that ashes or sepulchral spirits care? volnus alit venis et caeco carpitur igni. Granted that in Libya or Tyre before it, no suitor ever Multa viri virtus animo multusque recursat dissuaded you from sorrowing: and Iarbas and the other lords gentis honos: haerent infixi pectore voltus whom the African soil, rich in fame, bears, were scorned: verbaque nec placidam membris dat cura quietem. will you still struggle against a love that pleases? Postera Phoebea lustrabat lampade terras Do you not recall to mind in whose fields you settled? umentemque Aurora polo dimoverat umbram Here Gaetulian cities, a people unsurpassed in battle, cum sic unanimam adloquitur male sana sororem: unbridled Numidians, and inhospitable Syrtis, surround you: 'Anna soror quae me suspensam insomnia terrent! there, a region of dry desert, with Barcaeans raging around. Quis novus hic nostris successit sedibus hospes And what of your brotherÌs threats, and war with Tyre imminent? quem sese ore ferens quam forti pectore et armis! The Trojan ships made their way here with the wind, Credo equidem nec vana fides genus esse deorum. with gods indeed helping them I think, and with JunoÌs favour. Degeneres animos timor arguit: heu quibus ille What a city youÌll see here, sister, what a kingdom rise, iactatus fatis! Quae bella exhausta canebat! with such a husband! With a Trojan army marching with us, Si mihi non animo fixum immotumque sederet with what great actions Punic glory will soar! ne cui me vinclo vellem sociare iugali Only ask the gods for their help, and, propitiating them postquam primus amor deceptam morte fefellit; with sacrifice, indulge your guest, spin reasons for delay, si non pertaesum thalami taedaeque fuisset while winter, and stormy Orion, rage at sea, huic uni forsan potui succumbere culpae. while the ships are damaged, and the skies are hostile.Î Anna fatebor enim miseri post fata Sychaei coniugis et sparsos fraterna caede Penatis solus hic inflexit sensus animumque labantem By saying this she inflames the queenÌs burning heart with love impulit: adgnosco veteris vestigia flammae. and raises hopes in her anxious mind, and weakens her sense Sed mihi vel tellus optem prius ima dehiscat of shame. First they visit the shrines and ask for grace at the altars: vel Pater omnipotens adigat me fulmine ad umbras they sacrifice chosen animals according to the rites, pallentis umbras Erebi noctemque profundam to Ceres, the law-maker, and Phoebus, and father Lycaeus, ante Pudor quam te violo and to Juno above all, in whose care are the marriage ties: Ille meos primus qui me sibi iunxit amores Dido herself, supremely lovely, holding the cup in her hand, abstulit; ille habeat secum servetque sepulchro.' pours the libation between the horns of a white heifer Sic effata sinum lacrimis implevit obortis. or walks to the rich altars, before the face of the gods, celebrates the day with gifts, and gazes into the opened Anna refert: 'O luce magis dilecta sorori chests of victims, and reads the living entrails. solane perpetua maerens carpere iuventa Ah, the unknowing minds of seers! What use are prayers nec dulcis natos Veneris nec praemia noris? or shrines to the impassioned? Meanwhile her tender marrow Id cinerem aut Manis credis curare sepultos? is aflame, and a silent wound is alive in her breast. Esto: aegram nulli quondam flexere mariti Wretched Dido burns, and wanders frenzied through the city, non Libyae non ante Tyro; despectus Iarbas like an unwary deer struck by an arrow, that a shepherd hunting ductoresque alii quos Africa terra triumphis with his bow has fired at from a distance, in the Cretan woods, dives alit: placitone etiam pugnabis amori? leaving the winged steel in her, without knowing. Nec venit in mentem quorum consederis arvis? She runs through the woods and glades of Dicte: Hinc Gaetulae urbes genus insuperabile bello the lethal shaft hangs in her side. et Numidae infreni cingunt et inhospita Syrtis; Now she leads Aeneas with her round the walls hinc deserta siti regio lateque furentes showing her Sidonian wealth and the city sheÌs built: Barcaei. Quid bella Tyro surgentia dicam she begins to speak, and stops in mid-flow: germanique minas? now she longs for the banquet again as day wanes, Dis equidem auspicibus reor et Iunone secunda yearning madly to hear about the Trojan adventures once more hunc cursum Iliacas vento tenuisse carinas. and hangs once more on the speakerÌs lips. Quam tu urbem soror hanc cernes Then when they have departed, and the moon in turn coniugio tali! Teucrum comitantibus armis has quenched her light and the setting constellations urge sleep, Punica se quantis attollet gloria rebus! she grieves, alone in the empty hall, and lies on the couch Tu modo posce deos veniam sacrisque litatis he left. Absent she hears him absent, sees him, indulge hospitio causasque innecte morandi or hugs Ascanius on her lap, taken with this image dum pelago desaevit hiemps et aquosus Orion of his father, so as to deceive her silent passion. quassataeque rates dum non tractabile caelum.' The towers she started no longer rise, the young men no longer carry out their drill, or work on the harbour and the battlements His dictis incensum animum inflammavit amore for defence in war: the interrupted work is left hanging, spemque dedit dubiae menti solvitque pudorem. the huge threatening walls, the sky-reaching cranes. Principio delubra adeunt pacemque per aras exquirunt; mactant lectas de more bidentis legiferae Cereri Phoeboque patrique Lyaeo Iunoni ante omnis cui vincla iugalia curae. As soon as Juno, JupiterÌs beloved wife, saw clearly that Dido Ipsa tenens dextra pateram pulcherrima Dido was gripped by such heart-sickness, and her reputation candentis vaccae media inter cornua fundit no obstacle to love, she spoke to Venus in these words: aut ante ora deum pinguis spatiatur ad aras ÍYou and that son of yours, certainly take the prize, and plenty instauratque diem donis pecudumque reclusis of spoils: a great and memorable show of divine power, pectoribus inhians spirantia consulit exta. whereby one womanÌs trapped by the tricks of two gods. Heu vatum ignarae mentes! quid vota furentem But the truthÌs not escaped me, youÌve always held the halls quid delubra iuvant? Est mollis flamma medullas of high Carthage under suspicion, afraid of my cityÌs defences. interea et tacitum vivit sub pectore volnus. But where can that end? Why such rivalry, now? Uritur infelix Dido totaque vagatur Why donÌt we work on eternal peace instead, and a wedding pact? urbe furens qualis coniecta cerva sagitta YouÌve achieved all that your mind was set on: quam procul incautam nemora inter Cresia fixit DidoÌs burning with passion, and sheÌs drawn the madness pastor agens telis liquitque volatile ferrum into her very bones. LetÌs rule these people together nescius; illa fuga silvas saltusque peragrat with equal sway: let her be slave to a Trojan husband, Dictaeos; haeret lateri letalis arundo. and entrust her Tyrians to your hand, as the dowry.Î Nunc media Aenean secum per moenia ducit Venus began the reply to her like this (since she knew Sidoniasque ostentat opes urbemque paratam; sheÌd spoken with deceit in her mind to divert the empire incipit effari mediaque in voce resistit; from ItalyÌs shores to LibyaÌs): ÍWhoÌd be mad enough nunc eadem labente die convivia quaerit to refuse such an offer or choose to make war on you, Iliacosque iterum demens audire labores so long as fate follows up what you say with action? exposcit pendetque iterum narrantis ab ore. But fortune makes me uncertain, as to whether Jupiter wants Post ubi digressi lumenque obscura vicissim a single city for Tyrians and Trojan exiles, and approves luna premit suadentque cadentia sidera somnos the mixing of races and their joining in league together. sola domo maeret vacua stratisque relictis YouÌre his wife: you can test his intent by asking. incubat illum absens absentem auditque videtque; Do it: IÌll follow.Î Then royal Juno replied like this: aut gremio Ascanium genitoris imagine capta ÍThat taskÌs mine. Now listen and IÌll tell you briefly detinet infandum si fallere possit amorem. how the purpose at hand can be achieved. Non coeptae adsurgunt turres non arma iuventus Aeneas and poor Dido plan to go hunting together exercet portusve aut propugnacula bello in the woods, when the sun first shows tomorrowÌs tuta parant; pendent opera interrupta minaeque dawn, and reveals the world in his rays. murorum ingentes aequataque machina caelo. While the lines are beating, and closing the thickets with nets, IÌll pour down dark rain mixed with hail from the sky, Quam simul ac tali persensit peste teneri and rouse the whole heavens with my thunder. cara Iovis coniunx nec famam obstare furori TheyÌll scatter, and be lost in the dark of night: talibus adgreditur Venerem Saturnia dictis: Dido and the Trojan leader will reach the same cave. 'Egregiam vero laudem et spolia ampla refertis IÌll be there, and if IÌm assured of your good will, tuque puerque tuus magnum et memorabile nomen IÌll join them firmly in marriage, and speak for her as his own: una dolo divom si femina victa duorum est! this will be their wedding-night.Î Not opposed to what she wanted, Nec me adeo fallit veritam te moenia nostra Venus agreed, and smiled to herself at the deceit sheÌd found. suspectas habuisse domos Karthaginis altae. Sed quis erit modus aut quo nunc certamine tanto? Quin potius pacem aeternam pactosque hymenaeos Meanwhile Dawn surges up and leaves the ocean. exercemus? Habes tota quod mente petisti: Once she has risen, the chosen men pour from the gates: ardet amans Dido traxitque per ossa furorem. Massylian horsemen ride out, with wide-meshed nets, Communem hunc ergo populum paribusque regamus snares, broad-headed hunting spears, and a pack auspiciis; liceat Phrygio servire marito of keen-scented hounds. The queen lingers in her rooms, dotalisque tuae Tyrios permittere dextrae.' while Punic princes wait at the threshold: her horse stands there, bright in purple and gold, and champs fiercely at the foaming bit. Olli---sensit enim simulata mente locutam At last she appears, with a great crowd around her, quo regnum Italiae Libycas averteret oras--- dressed in a Sidonian robe with an embroidered hem. sic contra est ingressa Venus: 'Quis talia demens Her quiverÌs of gold, her hair knotted with gold, abnuat aut tecum malit contendere bello a golden brooch fastens her purple tunic. si modo quod memoras factum fortuna sequatur. Her Trojan friends and joyful Iulus are with her: Sed fatis incerta feror si Iuppiter unam Aeneas himself, the most handsome of them all, esse velit Tyriis urbem Troiaque profectis moves forward and joins his friendly troop with hers. miscerive probet populos aut foedera iungi. Like Apollo, leaving behind the Lycian winter, Tu coniunx tibi fas animum temptare precando. and the streams of Xanthus, and visiting his motherÌs Delos, Perge; sequar. Tum sic excepit regia Iuno: to renew the dancing, Cretans and Dryopes and painted 'Mecum erit iste labor: nunc qua ratione quod instat Agathyrsians, mingling around his altars, shouting: confieri possit paucis adverte he himself striding over the ridges of Cynthus, Venatum Aeneas unaque miserrima Dido his hair dressed with tender leaves, and clasped with gold, in nemus ire parant ubi primos crastinus ortus the weapons rattling on his shoulder: so Aeneas walks, extulerit Titan radiisque retexerit orbem. as lightly, beauty like the godÌs shining from his noble face. His ego nigrantem commixta grandine nimbum When they reach the mountain heights and pathless haunts, dum trepidant alae saltusque indagine cingunt see the wild goats, disturbed on their stony summits, desuper infundam et tonitru caelum omne ciebo. course down the slopes: in another place deer speed Diffugient comites et nocte tegentur opaca: over the open field, massing together in a fleeing herd speluncam Dido dux et Troianus eandem among clouds of dust, leaving the hillsides behind. devenient; adero et tua si mihi certa voluntas But the young Ascanius among the valleys, delights [conubio iungam stabili propriamque dicabo ] in his fiery horse, passing this rider and that at a gallop, hoping hic hymenaeus erit.'---Non adversata petenti that amongst these harmless creatures a boar, with foaming mouth, adnuit atque dolis risit Cytherea repertis. might answer his prayers, or a tawny lion, down from the mountain. Meanwhile the sky becomes filled with a great rumbling: Oceanum interea surgens Aurora reliquit. rain mixed with hail follows, and the Tyrian company It portis iubare exorto delecta iuventus; and the Trojan men, with VenusÌs Dardan grandson, retia rara plagae lato venabula ferro scatter here and there through the fields, in their fear, Massylique ruunt equites et odora canum vis. seeking shelter: torrents stream down from the hills. Reginam thalamo cunctantem ad limina primi Dido and the Trojan leader reach the very same cave. Poenorum exspectant ostroque insignis et auro Primeval Earth and Juno of the Nuptials give their signal: stat sonipes ac frena ferox spumantia mandit. lightning flashes, the heavens are party to their union, Tandem progreditur magna stipante caterva and the Nymphs howl on the mountain heights. Sidoniam picto chlamydem circumdata limbo. That first day is the source of misfortune and death. Cui pharetra ex auro crines nodantur in aurum DidoÌs no longer troubled by appearances or reputation, aurea purpuream subnectit fibula vestem. she no longer thinks of a secret affair: she calls it marriage: Nec non et Phrygii comites et laetus Iulus and with that name disguises her sin. incedunt. Ipse ante alios pulcherrimus omnis infert se socium Aeneas atque agmina iungit. Qualis ubi hibernam Lyciam Xanthique fluenta deserit ac Delum maternam invisit Apollo Rumour raced at once through LibyaÌs great cities, instauratque choros mixtique altaria circum Rumour, compared with whom no other is as swift. Cretesque Dryopesque fremunt pictique Agathyrsi; She flourishes by speed, and gains strength as she goes: ipse iugis Cynthi graditur mollique fluentem first limited by fear, she soon reaches into the sky, fronde premit crinem fingens atque implicat auro; walks on the ground, and hides her head in the clouds. tela sonant umeris: haud illo segnior ibat Earth, incited to anger against the gods, so they say, Aeneas; tantum egregio decus enitet ore. bore her last, a monster, vast and terrible, fleet-winged Postquam altos ventum in montis atque invia lustra and swift-footed, sister to Coeus and Enceladus, ecce ferae saxi deiectae vertice caprae who for every feather on her body has as many decurrere iugis; alia de parte patentis watchful eyes below (marvellous to tell), as many transmittunt cursu campos atque agmina cervi tongues speaking, as many listening ears. pulverulenta fuga glomerant montisque relinquunt. She flies, screeching, by night through the shadows At puer Ascanius mediis in vallibus acri between earth and sky, never closing her eyelids gaudet equo iamque hos cursu iam praeterit illos in sweet sleep: by day she sits on guard on tall roof-tops spumantemque dari pecora inter inertia votis or high towers, and scares great cities, as tenacious optat aprum aut fulvum descendere monte leonem. of lies and evil, as she is messenger of truth. Now in delight she filled the ears of the nations Interea magno misceri murmure caelum with endless gossip, singing fact and fiction alike: incipit; insequitur commixta grandine nimbus; Aeneas has come, born of Trojan blood, a man whom et Tyrii comites passim et Troiana iuventus lovely Dido deigns to unite with: now theyÌre spending Dardaniusque nepos Veneris diversa per agros the whole winter together in indulgence, forgetting tecta metu petiere; ruunt de montibus amnes. their royalty, trapped by shameless passion. Speluncam Dido dux et Troianus eandem The vile goddess spread this here and there on menÌs lips. deveniunt: prima et Tellus et pronuba Iuno Immediately she slanted her course towards King Iarbas dant signum; fulsere ignes et conscius aether and inflamed his mind with words and fuelled his anger. conubiis summoque ulularunt vertice nymphae. Ille dies primus leti primusque malorum causa fuit; neque enim specie famave movetur He, a son of Jupiter Ammon, by a raped Garamantian Nymph, nec iam furtivum Dido meditatur amorem: had set up a hundred great temples, a hundred altars, to the god, coniugium vocat; hoc praetexit nomine culpam. in his broad kingdom, and sanctified ever-living fires, the godsÌ eternal guardians: the floors were soaked with sacrificial blood, Extemplo Libyae magnas it Fama per urbes--- and the thresholds flowery with mingled garlands. Fama malum qua non aliud velocius ullum; They say he often begged Jove humbly with upraised hands, mobilitate viget viresque adquirit eundo in front of the altars, among the divine powers, parva metu primo mox sese attollit in auras maddened in spirit and set on fire by bitter rumour: ingrediturque solo et caput inter nubila condit. ÍAll-powerful Jupiter, to whom the Moors, on their embroidered Illam Terra parens ira inritata deorum divans, banqueting, now pour a Bacchic offering, extremam (ut perhibent) Coeo Enceladoque sororem do you see this? Do we shudder in vain when you hurl progenuit pedibus celerem et pernicibus alis your lightning bolts, father, and are those idle fires in the clouds monstrum horrendum ingens cui that terrify our minds, and flash among the empty rumblings? tot vigiles oculi subter mirabile dictu A woman, wandering within my borders, who paid to found tot linguae totidem ora sonant tot subrigit aures. a little town, and to whom we granted coastal lands Nocte volat caeli medio terraeque per umbram to plough, to hold in tenure, scorns marriage with me, stridens nec dulci declinat lumina somno; and takes Aeneas into her country as its lord. luce sedet custos aut summi culmine tecti And now like some Paris, with his pack of eunuchs, turribus aut altis et magnas territat urbes; a Phrygian cap, tied under his chin, on his greasy hair, tam ficti pravique tenax quam nuntia veri. heÌs master of what heÌs snatched: while I bring gifts indeed Haec tum multiplici populos sermone replebat to temples, said to be yours, and cherish your empty reputation. gaudens et pariter facta atque infecta canebat: venisse Aenean Troiano sanguine cretum cui se pulchra viro dignetur iungere Dido; As he gripped the altar, and prayed in this way, nunc hiemem inter se luxu quam longa fovere the All-powerful one listened, and turned his gaze towards regnorum immemores turpique cupidine captos. the royal city, and the lovers forgetful of their true reputation. Haec passim dea foeda virum diffundit in ora. Then he spoke to Mercury and commanded him so: Protinus ad regem cursus detorquet Iarban ÍOff you go, my son, call the winds and glide on your wings, incenditque animum dictis atque aggerat iras. and talk to the Trojan leader who malingers in Tyrian Carthage now, and gives no thought to the cities the fates will grant him, Hic Hammone satus rapta Garamantide Nympha and carry my words there on the quick breeze. templa Iovi centum latis immania regnis This is not what his loveliest of mothers suggested to me, centum aras posuit vigilemque sacraverat ignem nor why she rescued him twice from Greek armies: excubias divom aeternas pecudumque cruore he was to be one whoÌd rule Italy, pregnant with empire, pingue solum et variis florentia limina sertis. and crying out for war, heÌd produce a people of TeucerÌs Isque amens animi et rumore accensus amaro high blood, and bring the whole world under the rule of law. dicitur ante aras media inter numina divom If the glory of such things doesnÌt inflame him, multa Iovem manibus supplex orasse supinis: and he doesnÌt exert himself for his own honour, 'Iuppiter omnipotens cui nunc Maurusia pictis does he begrudge the citadels of Rome to Ascanius? gens epulata toris Lenaeum libat honorem What does he plan? With what hopes does he stay aspicis haec an te genitor among alien people, forgetting Ausonia and the Lavinian fields? nequiquam horremus caecique in nubibus ignes Let him sail: thatÌs it in total, let that be my message.Î terrificant animos et inania murmura miscent? He finished speaking. The god prepared to obey his great Femina quae nostris errans in finibus urbem fatherÌs order, and first fastened the golden sandals to his feet exiguam pretio posuit cui litus arandum that carry him high on the wing over land and sea, like the storm. cuique loci leges dedimus conubia nostra Then he took up his wand: he calls pale ghosts from Orcus reppulit ac dominum Aenean in regna recepit. with it, sending others down to grim Tartarus, Et nunc ille Paris cum semiviro comitatu gives and takes away sleep, and opens the eyes of the dead. Maeonia mentum mitra crinemque madentem Relying on it, he drove the winds, and flew through subnexus rapto potitur: nos munera templis the stormy clouds. Now in his flight he saw the steep flanks quippe tuis ferimus famamque fovemus inanem.' and the summit of strong Atlas, who holds the heavens on his head, Atlas, whose pine-covered crown is always wreathed Talibus orantem dictis arasque tenentem in dark clouds and lashed by the wind and rain: audiit omnipotens oculosque ad moenia torsit fallen snow clothes his shoulders: while rivers fall regia et oblitos famae melioris amantes. from his ancient chin, and his rough beard bristles with ice. Tum sic Mercurium adloquitur ac talia mandat: There Cyllenian Mercury first halted, balanced on level wings: 'Vade age nate voca Zephyros et labere pennis from there, he threw his whole body headlong Dardaniumque ducem Tyria Karthagine qui nunc towards the waves, like a bird that flies low close exspectat fatisque datas non respicit urbes to the sea, round the coasts and the rocks rich in fish. adloquere et celeris defer mea dicta per auras. So the Cyllenian-born flew between heaven and earth Non illum nobis genetrix pulcherrima talem to LibyaÌs sandy shore, cutting the winds, coming promisit Graiumque ideo bis vindicat armis; from Atlas, his mother MaiaÌs father. sed fore qui gravidam imperiis belloque frementem As soon as he reached the buildersÌ huts, on his winged feet, Italiam regeret genus alto a sanguine Teucri he saw Aeneas establishing towers and altering roofs. proderet ac totum sub leges mitteret orbem. His sword was starred with tawny jasper, Si nulla accendit tantarum gloria rerum and the cloak that hung from his shoulder blazed nec super ipse sua molitur laude laborem with Tyrian purple, a gift that rich Dido had made, Ascanione pater Romanas invidet arces? weaving the cloth with golden thread. Quid struit aut qua spe inimica in gente moratur Mercury challenged him at once: ÍFor love of a wife nec prolem Ausoniam et Lavinia respicit arva? are you now building the foundations of high Carthage Naviget: haec summa est; hic nostri nuntius esto.' and a pleasing city? Alas, forgetful of your kingdom and fate! The king of the gods himself, who bends heaven and earth Dixerat. Ille patris magni parere parabat to his will, has sent me down to you from bright Olympus: imperio; et primum pedibus talaria nectit he commanded me himself to carry these words through aurea quae sublimem alis sive aequora supra the swift breezes. What do you plan? With what hopes seu terram rapido pariter cum flamine portant; do you waste idle hours in LibyaÌs lands? If youÌre not stirred tum virgam capit: hac animas ille evocat Orco by the glory of destiny, and wonÌt exert yourself for your own pallentis alias sub Tartara tristia mittit fame, think of your growing Ascanius, and the expectations dat somnos adimitque et lumina morte resignat. of him, as Iulus your heir, to whom will be owed the kingdom Illa fretus agit ventos et turbida tranat of Italy, and the Roman lands.Î So Mercury spoke, nubila; iamque volans apicem et latera ardua cernit and, while speaking, vanished from mortal eyes, Atlantis duri caelum qui vertice fulcit and melted into thin air far from their sight. Atlantis cinctum adsidue cui nubibus atris piniferum caput et vento pulsatur et imbri; nix umeros infusa tegit; tum flumina mento praecipitant senis et glacie riget horrida barba. Aeneas, stupefied at the vision, was struck dumb, Hic primum paribus nitens Cyllenius alis and his hair rose in terror, and his voice stuck in his throat. constitit; hinc toto praeceps se corpore ad undas He was eager to be gone, in flight, and leave that sweet land, misit avi similis quae circum litora shocked by the warning and the divine command. piscosos scopulos humilis volat aequora iuxta. Alas! What to do? With what speech dare he tackle Haud aliter terras inter caelumque volabat the love-sick queen? What opening words should he choose? litus harenosum Libyae ventosque secabat And he cast his mind back and forth swiftly, materno veniens ab avo Cyllenia proles. considered the issue from every aspect, and turned it every way. Ut primum alatis tetigit magalia plantis This seemed the best decision, given the alternatives: Aenean fundantem arces ac tecta novantem he called Mnestheus, Sergestus and brave Serestus, conspicit; atque illi stellatus iaspide fulva telling them to fit out the fleet in silence, gather the men ensis erat Tyrioque ardebat murice laena on the shore, ready the shipsÌ tackle, and hide the reason demissa ex umeris dives quae munera Dido for these changes of plan. He in the meantime, since fecerat et tenui telas discreverat auro. the excellent Dido knew nothing, and would not expect Continuo invadit: 'Tu nunc Karthaginis altae the breaking off of such a love, would seek an approach, fundamenta locas pulchramque uxorius urbem the tenderest moment to speak, and a favourable means. exstruis heu regni rerumque oblite tuarum? They all gladly obeyed his command at once, and did his bidding. Ipse deum tibi me claro demittit Olympo But the queen sensed his tricks (who can deceive a lover?) regnator caelum ac terras qui numine torquet; and was first to anticipate future events, fearful even of safety. ipse haec ferre iubet celeris mandata per auras: That same impious Rumour brought her madness: quid struis aut qua spe Libycis teris otia terris? they are fitting out the fleet, and planning a journey. Si te nulla movet tantarum gloria rerum Her mind weakened, she raves, and, on fire, runs wild [nec super ipse tua moliris laude laborem ] through the city: like a Maenad, thrilled by the shaken emblems Ascanium surgentem et spes heredis Iuli of the god, when the biennial festival rouses her, and, hearing the Bacchic cry, Mount Cithaeron summons her by night with its noise. respice cui regnum Italiae Romanaque tellus Of her own accord she finally reproaches Aeneas in these words: debentur.' Tali Cyllenius ore locutus ÍFaithless one, did you really think you could hide mortalis visus medio sermone reliquit such wickedness, and vanish from my land in silence? et procul in tenuem ex oculis evanuit auram. Will my love not hold you, nor the pledge I once gave you, nor the promise that Dido will die a cruel death? At vero Aeneas aspectu obmutuit amens Even in winter do you labour over your ships, cruel one, arrectaeque horrore comae et vox faucibus haesit. so as to sail the high seas at the height of the northern gales? Ardet abire fuga dulcisque relinquere terras Why? If you were not seeking foreign lands and unknown attonitus tanto monitu imperioque deorum. settlements, but ancient Troy still stood, would Troy Heu quid agat? Quo nunc reginam ambire furentem be sought out by your ships in wave-torn seas? audeat adfatu? Quae prima exordia sumat? Is it me you run from? I beg you, by these tears, by your own Atque animum nunc huc celerem nunc dividit illuc right hand (since IÌve left myself no other recourse in my misery), in partisque rapit varias perque omnia versat. by our union, by the marriage we have begun, Haec alternanti potior sententia visa est: if ever I deserved well of you, or anything of me Mnesthea Sergestumque vocat fortemque Serestum was sweet to you, pity this ruined house, and if classem aptent taciti sociosque ad litora cogant there is any room left for prayer, change your mind. arma parent et quae rebus sit causa novandis The Libyan peoples and Numidian rulers hate me because of you: dissimulent; sese interea quando optuma Dido my Tyrians are hostile: because of you all shame too is lost, nesciat et tantos rumpi non speret amores the reputation I had, by which alone I might reach the stars. temptaturum aditus et quae mollissima fandi My guest, since thatÌs all that is left me from the name of husband, tempora quis rebus dexter modus. Ocius omnes to whom do you relinquish me, a dying woman? imperio laeti parent ac iussa facessunt. Why do I stay? Until Pygmalion, my brother, destroys the city, or Iarbas the Gaetulian takes me captive? At regina dolos---quis fallere possit amantem? If IÌd at least conceived a child of yours praesensit motusque excepit prima futuros before you fled, if a little Aeneas were playing omnia tuta timens. Eadem impia Fama furenti about my halls, whose face might still recall yours, detulit armari classem cursumque parari. IÌd not feel myself so utterly deceived and forsaken.Î Saevit inops animi totamque incensa per urbem bacchatur qualis commotis excita sacris Thyias ubi audito stimulant trieterica Baccho She had spoken. He set his gaze firmly on JupiterÌs orgia nocturnusque vocat clamore Cithaeron. warnings, and hid his pain steadfastly in his heart. Tandem his Aenean compellat vocibus ultro: He replied briefly at last: ÍO queen, I will never deny 'Dissimulare etiam sperasti perfide tantum that you deserve the most that can be spelt out in speech, posse nefas tacitusque mea decedere terra? nor will I regret my thoughts of you, Elissa, Nec te noster amor nec te data dextera quondam while memory itself is mine, and breath controls these limbs. nec moritura tenet crudeli funere Dido? IÌll speak about the reality a little. I did not expect to conceal Quin etiam hiberno moliris sidere classem my departure by stealth (donÌt think that), nor have I ever et mediis properas aquilonibus ire per altum held the marriage torch, or entered into that pact. crudelis? Quid si non arva aliena domosque If the fates had allowed me to live my life under my own ignotas peteres sed Troia antiqua maneret auspices, and attend to my own concerns as I wished, Troia per undosum peteretur classibus aequor I should first have cared for the city of Troy and the sweet relics Mene fugis? Per ego has lacrimas dextramque tuam te of my family, PriamÌs high roofs would remain, and IÌd have (quando aliud mihi iam miserae nihil ipsa reliqui) recreated Pergama, with my own hands, for the defeated. per conubia nostra per inceptos hymenaeos But now it is Italy that Apollo of Grynium, si bene quid de te merui fuit aut tibi quicquam Italy, that the Lycian oracles, order me to take: dulce meum miserere domus labentis et istam--- that is my desire, that is my country. If the turrets of Carthage oro si quis adhuc precibus locus---exue mentem. and the sight of your Libyan city occupy you, a Phoenician, Te propter Libycae gentes Nomadumque tyranni why then begrudge the Trojans their settling of AusoniaÌs lands? odere infensi Tyrii; te propter eundem It is right for us too to search out a foreign kingdom. exstinctus pudor et qua sola sidera adibam As often as night cloaks the earth with dew-wet shadows, fama prior. Cui me moribundam deseris hospes? as often as the burning constellations rise, the troubled image Hoc solum nomen quoniam de coniuge restat. of my father Anchises warns and terrifies me in dream: Quid moror? An mea Pygmalion dum moenia frater about my son Ascanius and the wrong to so dear a person, destruat aut captam ducat Gaetulus Iarbas? whom I cheat of a Hesperian kingdom, and pre-destined fields. Saltem si qua mihi de te suscepta fuisset Now even the messenger of the gods, sent by Jupiter himself, ante fugam suboles si quis mihi parvulus aula (I swear it on both our heads), has brought the command luderet Aeneas qui te tamen ore referret on the swift breeze: I saw the god himself in broad daylight non equidem omnino capta ac deserta viderer.' enter the city and these very ears drank of his words. Stop rousing yourself and me with your complaints. Dixerat. Ille Iovis monitis immota tenebat I do not take course for Italy of my own free will.Î lumina et obnixus curam sub corde premebat. Tandem pauca refert: 'Ego te quae plurima fando enumerare vales numquam regina As he was speaking she gazed at him with hostility, promeritam; nec me meminisse pigebit Elissae casting her eyes here and there, considering the whole man dum memor ipse mei dum spiritus hos regit artus. with a silent stare, and then, incensed, she spoke: Pro re pauca loquar. Neque ego hanc abscondere furto ÍDeceiver, your mother was no goddess, nor was Dardanus speravi---ne finge---fugam nec coniugis umquam the father of your race: harsh Caucasus engendered you praetendi taedas aut haec in foedera veni. on the rough crags, and Hyrcanian tigers nursed you. Me si fata meis paterentur ducere vitam Why pretend now, or restrain myself waiting for something worse? auspiciis et sponte mea componere curas Did he groan at my weeping? Did he look at me? urbem Troianam primum dulcisque meorum Did he shed tears in defeat, or pity his lover? reliquias colerem Priami tecta alta manerent What is there to say after this? Now neither greatest Juno, indeed, et recidiva manu posuissem Pergama victis. nor Jupiter, son of Saturn, are gazing at this with friendly eyes. Sed nunc Italiam magnam Gryneus Apollo Nowhere is truth safe. I welcomed him as a castaway on the shore, Italiam Lyciae iussere capessere sortes: a beggar, and foolishly gave away a part of my kingdom: hic amor haec patria est. Si te Karthaginis arces I saved his lost fleet, and his friends from death. Phoenissam Libycaeque aspectus detinet urbis Ah! Driven by the Furies, I burn: now prophetic Apollo, quae tandem Ausonia Teucros considere terra now the Lycian oracles, now even a divine messenger sent invidia est? Et nos fas extera quaerere regna. by Jove himself carries his orders through the air. Me patris Anchisae quotiens umentibus umbris This is the work of the gods indeed, this is a concern to trouble nox operit terras quotiens astra ignea surgunt their calm. I do not hold you back, or refute your words: admonet in somnis et turbida terret imago; go, seek Italy on the winds, find your kingdom over the waves. me puer Ascanius capitisque iniuria cari Yet if the virtuous gods have power, I hope that you quem regno Hesperiae fraudo et fatalibus arvis. will drain the cup of suffering among the reefs, and call out DidoÌs Nunc etiam interpres divom Iove missus ab ipso--- name again and again. Absent, IÌll follow you with dark fires, testor utrumque caput---celeris mandata per auras and when icy death has divided my soul and body, my ghost detulit; ipse deum manifesto in lumine vidi will be present everywhere. Cruel one, youÌll be punished. intrantem muros vocemque his auribus hausi. IÌll hear of it: that news will reach me in the depths of Hades.Î Desine meque tuis incendere teque querelis: Saying this, she broke off her speech mid-flight, and fled Italiam non sponte sequor.' the light in pain, turning from his eyes, and going, leaving him fearful and hesitant, ready to say more. Talia dicentem iamdudum aversa tuetur Her servants received her and carried her failing body huc illuc volvens oculos totumque pererrat to her marble chamber, and laid her on her bed. luminibus tacitis et sic accensa profatur: 'Nec tibi diva parens generis nec Dardanus auctor perfide; sed duris genuit te cautibus horrens Caucasus Hyrcanaeque admorunt ubera tigres. But dutiful Aeneas, though he desired to ease her sadness Nam quid dissimulo aut quae me ad maiora reservo? by comforting her and to turn aside pain with words, still, Num fletu ingemuit nostro? Num lumina flexit? with much sighing, and a heart shaken by the strength of her love, Num lacrimas victus dedit aut miseratus amantem est? followed the divine command, and returned to the fleet. Quae quibus anteferam? Iam iam nec maxuma Iuno Then the Trojans truly set to work and launched the tall ships nec Saturnius haec oculis pater aspicit aequis. all along the shore. They floated the resinous keels, Nusquam tuta fides. Eiectum litore egentem and ready for flight, they brought leafy branches excepi et regni demens in parte locavi; and untrimmed trunks, from the woods, as oars. amissam classem socios a morte reduxi. You could see them hurrying and moving from every part Heu furiis incensa feror! Nunc augur Apollo of the city. Like ants that plunder a vast heap of grain, nunc Lyciae sortes nunc et Iove missus ab ipso and store it in their nest, mindful of winter: a dark column interpres divom fert horrida iussa per auras. goes through the fields, and they carry their spoils Scilicet is Superis labor est ea cura quietos along a narrow track through the grass: some heave sollicitat. Neque te teneo neque dicta refello. with their shoulders against a large seed, and push, others tighten I sequere Italiam ventis pete regna per undas. the ranks and punish delay, the whole pathÌs alive with work. Spero equidem mediis si quid pia numina possunt What were your feelings Dido at such sights, what sighs supplicia hausurum scopulis et nomine Dido did you give, watching the shore from the heights saepe vocaturum. Sequar atris ignibus absens of the citadel, everywhere alive, and seeing the whole et cum frigida mors anima seduxerit artus sea, before your eyes, confused with such cries! omnibus umbra locis adero. Dabis improbe poenas. Cruel Love, to what do you not drive the human heart: Audiam et haec Manis veniet mihi fama sub imos.' to burst into tears once more, to see once more if he can His medium dictis sermonem abrumpit et auras be compelled by prayers, to humbly submit to love, aegra fugit seque ex oculis avertit et aufert lest she leave anything untried, dying in vain. linquens multa metu cunctantem et multa parantem ÍAnna, you see them scurrying all round the shore: dicere. Suscipiunt famulae conlapsaque membra theyÌve come from everywhere: the canvas already invites marmoreo referunt thalamo stratisque reponunt. the breeze, and the sailors, delighted, have set garlands on the sterns. If I was able to foresee this great grief, At pius Aeneas quamquam lenire dolentem sister, then IÌll be able to endure it too. Yet still do one thing solando cupit et dictis avertere curas for me in my misery, Anna: since the deceiver cultivated multa gemens magnoque animum labefactus amore only you, even trusting you with his private thoughts: iussa tamen divom exsequitur classemque revisit. and only you know the time to approach the man easily. Tum vero Teucri incumbunt et litore celsas Go, sister, and speak humbly to my proud enemy. deducunt toto naves: natat uncta carina; I never took the oath, with the Greeks at Aulis, frondentisque ferunt remos et robora silvis to destroy the Trojan race, or sent a fleet to Pergama, infabricata fugae studio. or disturbed the ashes and ghost of his father Anchises: Migrantis cernas totaque ex urbe ruentis. why does he pitilessly deny my words access to his hearing? Ac velut ingentem formicae farris acervum Where does he run to? Let him give his poor lover this last gift: cum populant hiemis memores tectoque reponunt; let him wait for an easy voyage and favourable winds. it nigrum campis agmen praedamque per herbas I donÌt beg now for our former tie, that he has betrayed, convectant calle angusto; pars grandia trudunt nor that he give up his beautiful Latium, and abandon obnixae frumenta umeris; pars agmina cogunt his kingdom: I ask for insubstantial time: peace and space castigantque moras; opere omnis semita fervet. for my passion, while fate teaches my beaten spirit to grieve. Quis tibi tum Dido cernenti talia sensus? I beg for this last favour (pity your sister): quosve dabas gemitus cum litora fervere late when he has granted it me, IÌll repay all by dying.Î prospiceres arce ex summa totumque videres Such are the prayers she made, and such are those misceri ante oculos tantis clamoribus aequor? her unhappy sister carried and re-carried. But he was not Improbe Amor quid non mortalia pectora cogis? moved by tears, and listened to no words receptively: Ire iterum in lacrimas iterum temptare precando Fate barred the way, and a god sealed the heroÌs gentle hearing. cogitur et supplex animos submittere amori As when northerly blasts from the Alps blowing here and there ne quid inexpertum frustra moritura relinquat. vie together to uproot an oak tree, tough with the strength of years: thereÌs a creak, and the trunk quivers and the topmost leaves 'Anna vides toto properari litore; circum strew the ground: but it clings to the rocks, and its roots undique convenere; vocat iam carbasus auras stretch as far down to Tartarus as its crown does towards puppibus et laeti nautae imposuere coronas. the heavens: so the hero was buffeted by endless pleas Hunc ego si potui tantum sperare dolorem from this side and that, and felt the pain in his noble heart. et perferre soror potero. Miserae hoc tamen unum His purpose remained fixed: tears fell uselessly. exsequere Anna mihi. Solam nam perfidus ille te colere arcanos etiam tibi credere sensus; sola viri mollis aditus et tempora noras. Then the unhappy Dido, truly appalled by her fate, I soror atque hostem supplex adfare superbum: prayed for death: she was weary of gazing at the vault of heaven. non ego cum Danais Troianam exscindere gentem And that she might complete her purpose, and relinquish the light Aulide iuravi classemve ad Pergama misi more readily, when she placed her offerings on the altar alight nec patris Anchisae cineres Manisve revelli with incense, she saw (terrible to speak of!) the holy water blacken, cur mea dicta neget duras demittere in auris. and the wine she had poured change to vile blood. Quo ruit? Extremum hoc miserae det munus amanti: She spoke of this vision to no one, not even her sister. exspectet facilemque fugam ventosque ferentis. There was a marble shrine to her former husband in the palace, Non iam coniugium antiquum quod prodidit oro that sheÌd decked out, also, with marvellous beauty, nec pulcro ut Latio careat regnumque relinquat: with snow-white fleeces, and festive greenery: tempus inane peto requiem spatiumque furori from it she seemed to hear voices and her husbandÌs words dum mea me victam doceat fortuna dolere. calling her, when dark night gripped the earth: Extremam hanc oro veniam---miserere sororis--- and the lonely owl on the roofs often grieved quam mihi cum dederit cumulatam morte remittam.' with ill-omened cries, drawing out its long call in a lament: and many a prophecy of the ancient seers terrified her Talibus orabat talisque miserrima fletus with its dreadful warning. Harsh Aeneas himself persecuted fertque refertque soror: sed nullis ille movetur her, in her crazed sleep: always she was forsaken, alone with fletibus aut voces ullas tractabilis audit; herself, always she seemed to be travelling companionless on some fata obstant placidasque viri deus obstruit auris. long journey, seeking her Tyrian people in a deserted landscape: Ac velut annoso validam cum robore quercum like Pentheus, deranged, seeing the Furies file past, Alpini Boreae nunc hinc nunc flatibus illinc and twin suns and a twin Thebes revealed to view, eruere inter se certant; it stridor et altae or like AgamemnonÌs son Orestes driven across the stage when he consternunt terram concusso stipite frondes; flees his motherÌs ghost armed with firebrands and black snakes, ipsa haeret scopulis et quantum vertice ad auras while the avenging Furies crouch on the threshold. aetherias tantum radice in Tartara tendit: So that when, overcome by anguish, she harboured the madness, haud secus adsiduis hinc atque hinc vocibus heros and determined on death, she debated with herself over the time tunditur et magno persentit pectore curas; and the method, and going to her sorrowful sister with a face mens immota manet; lacrimae volvuntur inanes. that concealed her intent, calm, with hope on her brow, said: ÍSister, IÌve found a way (rejoice with your sister) Tum vero infelix fatis exterrita Dido that will return him to me, or free me from loving him. mortem orat; taedet caeli convexa tueri. Near the ends of the Ocean and where the sun sets Quo magis inceptum peragat lucemque relinquat Ethiopia lies, the furthest of lands, where Atlas, vidit turicremis cum dona imponeret aris mightiest of all, turns the sky set with shining stars: horrendum dictu latices nigrescere sacros IÌve been told of a priestess, of Massylian race, there, fusaque in obscenum se vertere vina cruorem. a keeper of the temple of the Hesperides, who gave Hoc visum nulli non ipsi effata sorori. the dragon its food, and guarded the holy branches of the tree, Praeterea fuit in tectis de marmore templum scattering the honeydew and sleep-inducing poppies. coniugis antiqui miro quod honore colebat With her incantations she promises to set free velleribus niveis et festa fronde revinctum: what hearts she wishes, but bring cruel pain to others: hinc exaudiri voces et verba vocantis to stop the rivers flowing, and turn back the stars: visa viri nox cum terras obscura teneret; she wakes nocturnal Spirits: youÌll see earth yawn solaque culminibus ferali carmine bubo under your feet, and the ash trees march from the hills. saepe queri et longas in fletum ducere voces; You, and the gods, and your sweet life, are witness, multaque praeterea vatum praedicta priorum dear sister, that I arm myself with magic arts unwillingly. terribili monitu horrificant. Agit ipse furentem Build a pyre, secretly, in an inner courtyard, open to the sky, in somnis ferus Aeneas; semperque relinqui and place the weapons on it which that impious man left sola sibi semper longam incomitata videtur hanging in my room, and the clothes, and the bridal bed ire viam et Tyrios deserta quaerere terra. that undid me: I want to destroy all memories Eumenidum veluti demens videt agmina Pentheus of that wicked man, and the priestess commends it.Î et solem geminum et duplicis se ostendere Thebas; Saying this she fell silent: at the same time a pallor spread aut Agamemnonius scaenis agitatus Orestes over her face. Anna did not yet realise that her sister armatam facibus matrem et serpentibus atris was disguising her own funeral with these strange rites, cum fugit ultricesque sedent in limine Dirae. her mind could not conceive of such intensity, and she feared nothing more serious than when Ergo ubi concepit furias evicta dolore Sychaeus died. So she prepared what was demanded. decrevitque mori tempus secum ipsa modumque exigit et maestam dictis adgressa sororem consilium voltu tegit ac spem fronte serenat: 'Inveni germana viam---gratare sorori--- But when the pyre of cut pine and oak was raised high, quae mihi reddat eum vel eo me solvat amantem. in an innermost court open to the sky, the queen Oceani finem iuxta solemque cadentem hung the place with garlands, and wreathed it ultimus Aethiopum locus est ubi maxumus Atlas with funereal foliage: she laid his sword and clothes axem humero torquet stellis ardentibus aptum: and picture on the bed, not unmindful of the ending. hinc mihi Massylae gentis monstrata sacerdos Altars stand round about, and the priestess, with loosened hair, Hesperidum templi custos epulasque draconi intoned the names of three hundred gods, of Erebus, Chaos, quae dabat et sacros servabat in arbore ramos and the triple Hecate, the three faces of virgin Diana. spargens umida mella soporiferumque papaver. And she sprinkled water signifying the founts of Avernus: Haec se carminibus promittit solvere mentes there were herbs too acquired by moonlight, cut quas velit ast aliis duras immittere curas with a bronze sickle, moist with the milk of dark venom: sistere aquam fluviis et vertere sidera retro; and a caul acquired by tearing it from a newborn coltÌs brow, nocturnosque movet Manis: mugire videbis forestalling the motherÌs love. She herself, near the altars, sub pedibus terram et descendere montibus ornos. with sacred grain in purified hands, one foot free of constraint, Testor cara deos et te her clothing loosened, called on the gods to witness dulce caput magicas invitam accingier artes. her coming death, and on the stars conscious of fate: Tu secreta pyram tecto interiore sub auras then she prayed to whatever just and attentive power erige et arma viri thalamo quae fixa reliquit there might be, that cares for unrequited lovers. impius exuviasque omnis lectumque iugalem It was night, and everywhere weary creatures were enjoying quo perii superimponas: abolere nefandi peaceful sleep, the woods and the savage waves were resting, cuncta viri monumenta iuvat monstratque sacerdos.' while stars wheeled midway in their gliding orbit, Haec effata silet; pallor simul occupat ora. while all the fields were still, and beasts and colourful birds, Non tamen Anna novis praetexere funera sacris those that live on wide scattered lakes, and those that live germanam credit nec tantos mente furores in rough country among the thorn-bushes, were sunk in sleep concipit aut graviora timet quam morte Sychaei: in the silent night. But not the Phoenician, unhappy in spirit, ergo iussa parat. she did not relax in sleep, or receive the darkness into her eyes and breast: her cares redoubled, and passion, alive once more, At regina pyra penetrali in sede sub auras raged, and she swelled with a great tide of anger. erecta ingenti taedis atque ilice secta So she began in this way turning it over alone in her heart: intenditque locum sertis et fronde coronat ÍSee, what can I do? Be mocked trying my former suitors, funerea; super exuvias ensemque relictum seeking marriage humbly with Numidians whom I effigiemque toro locat haud ignara futuri. have already disdained so many times as husbands? Stant arae circum et crines effusa sacerdos Shall I follow the Trojan fleet then and that TeucrianÌs ter centum tonat ore deos Erebumque Chaosque every whim? Because they might delight in having been tergeminamque Hecaten tria virginis ora Dianae. helped by my previous aid, or because gratitude Sparserat et latices simulatos fontis Averni for past deeds might remain truly fixed in their memories? falcibus et messae ad lunam quaeruntur aenis Indeed who, given I wanted to, would let me, or would take pubentes herbae nigri cum lacte veneni; one they hate on board their proud ships? Ah, lost girl, quaeritur et nascentis equi de fronte revolsus do you not know or feel yet the treachery of LaomedonÌs race? et matri praereptus amor. What then? Shall I go alone, accompanying triumphant sailors? Ipsa mola manibusque piis altaria iuxta Or with all my band of Tyrians clustered round me? unum exuta pedem vinclis in veste recincta Shall I again drive my men to sea in pursuit, those testatur moritura deos et conscia fati whom I could barely tear away from their Sidonian city, sidera; tum si quod non aequo foedere amantes and order them to spread their sails to the wind? curae numen habet iustumque memorque precatur. Rather die, as you deserve, and turn away sorrow with steel. You, my sister, conquered by my tears, in my madness, you Nox erat et placidum carpebant fessa soporem first burdened me with these ills, and exposed me to my enemy. corpora per terras silvaeque et saeva quierant I was not allowed to pass my life without blame, free of marriage, aequora: cum medio volvuntur sidera lapsu in the manner of some wild creature, never knowing such pain: cum tacet omnis ager pecudes pictaeque volucres I have not kept the vow I made to SychaeusÌs ashes.Î quaeque lacus late liquidos quaeque aspera dumis Such was the lament that burst from her heart. rura tenent somno positae sub nocte silenti [lenibant curas et corda oblita laborum]. At non infelix animi Phoenissa nec umquam Now that everything was ready, and he was resolved on going, Solvitur in somnos oculisve aut pectore noctem Aeneas was snatching some sleep, on the shipÌs high stern. accipit: ingeminant curae rursusque resurgens That vision appeared again in dream admonishing him, saevit amor magnoque irarum fluctuat aestu. similar to Mercury in every way, voice and colouring, Sic adeo insistit secumque ita corde volutat: golden hair, and youthÌs graceful limbs: 'En quid ago? Rursusne procos inrisa priores ÍSon of the Goddess, can you consider sleep in this disaster, experiar Nomadumque petam conubia supplex canÌt you see the danger of it that surrounds you, madman quos ego sim totiens iam dedignata maritos? or hear the favourable west winds blowing? Iliacas igitur classes atque ultima Teucrum Determined to die, she broods on mortal deceit and sin, iussa sequar? Quiane auxilio iuvat ante levatos and is tossed about on angerÌs volatile flood. et bene apud memores veteris stat gratia facti? WonÌt you flee from here, in haste, while you can hasten? Quis me autem fac velle sinet Soon youÌll see the water crowded with ships, invisam accipiet? Nescis heu perdita necdum cruel firebrands burning, soon the shore will rage with flame, Laomedonteae sentis periuria gentis? if the Dawn finds you lingering in these lands. Come, now, Quid tum sola fuga nautas comitabor ovantes end your delay! Woman is ever fickle and changeable.Î an Tyriis omnique manu stipata meorum So he spoke, and blended with nightÌs darkness. inferar et quos Sidonia vix urbe revelli Then Aeneas, terrified indeed by the sudden apparition, rursus agam pelago et ventis dare vela iubebo? roused his body from sleep, and called to his friends: Quin morere ut merita es ferroque averte dolorem. Í Quick, men, awake, and man the rowing-benches: run Tu lacrimis evicta meis tu prima furentem and loosen the sails. Know that a god, sent from the heavens, his germana malis oneras atque obicis hosti. urges us again to speed our flight, and cut the twisted hawsers. Non licuit thalami expertem sine crimine vitam We follow you, whoever you may be, sacred among the gods, degere more ferae tales nec tangere curas! and gladly obey your commands once more. Oh, be with us, Non servata fides cineri promissa Sychaeo!' calm one, help us, and show stars favourable to us in the sky.Î He spoke, and snatched his shining sword from its sheath, Tantos illa suo rumpebat pectore questus. and struck the cable with the naked blade. All were possessed Aeneas celsa in puppi iam certus eundi at once with the same ardour: They snatched up their goods, carpebat somnos rebus iam rite paratis. and ran: abandoning the shore: the water was clothed with ships: Huic se forma dei voltu redeuntis eodem setting to, they churned the foam and swept the blue waves. obtulit in somnis rursusque ita visa monere est--- omnia Mercurio similis vocemque coloremque et crinis flavos et membra decora iuventa: And now, at dawn, Aurora, leaving TithonusÌs saffron bed, 'Nate dea potes hoc sub casu ducere somnos was scattering fresh daylight over the earth. nec quae te circum stent deinde pericula cernis As soon as the queen saw the day whiten, from her tower, demens nec Zephyros audis spirare secundos? and the fleet sailing off under full canvas, and realised Illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectore versat the shore and harbour were empty of oarsmen, she certa mori varioque irarum fluctuat aestu. struck her lovely breast three or four times with her hand, Non fugis hinc praeceps dum praecipitare potestas? and tearing at her golden hair, said: ÍAh, Jupiter, is he to leave, Iam mare turbari trabibus saevasque videbis is a foreigner to pour scorn on our kingdom? Shall my Tyrians conlucere faces iam fervere litora flammis ready their armour, and follow them out of the city, and others drag si te his attigerit terris Aurora morantem. our ships from their docks? Go, bring fire quickly, hand out the Heia age rumpe moras. Varium et mutabile semper weapons, drive the oars! What am I saying? Where am I? femina.' Sic fatus nocti se immiscuit atrae. What madness twists my thoughts? Wretched Dido, is it now that your impious actions hurt you? The right time was then, Tum vero Aeneas subitis exterritus umbris when you gave him the crown. So this is the word and loyalty corripit e somno corpus sociosque fatigat: of the man whom they say bears his fatherÌs gods around, 'Praecipites vigilate viri et considite transtris; of the man who carried his age-worn father on his shoulders? solvite vela citi. Deus aethere missus ab alto CouldnÌt I have seized hold of him, torn his body apart, festinare fugam tortosque incidere funes and scattered him on the waves? And put his friends to the sword, ecce iterum stimulat. Sequimur te sancte deorum and Ascanius even, to feast on, as a course at his fatherÌs table? quisquis es imperioque iterum paremus ovantes. True the fortunes of war are uncertain. Let them be so: Adsis o placidusque iuves et sidera caelo as one about to die, whom had I to fear? I should have set fire dextra feras.' Dixit vaginaque eripit ensem to his camp, filled the decks with flames, and extinguishing fulmineum strictoque ferit retinacula ferro. father and son, and their whole race, given up my own life as well. Idem omnes simul ardor habet rapiuntque ruuntque; O Sun, you who illuminate all the works of this world, litora deseruere; latet sub classibus aequor; and you Juno, interpreter and knower of all my pain, adnixi torquent spumas et caerula verrunt. and Hecate howled to, in cities, at midnight crossroads, you, avenging Furies, and you, gods of dying Elissa, Et iam prima novo spargebat lumine terras acknowledge this, direct your righteous will to my troubles, Tithoni croceum linquens Aurora cubile. and hear my prayer. If it must be that the accursed one Regina e speculis ut primum albescere lucem should reach the harbour, and sail to the shore: vidit et aequatis classem procedere velis if JoveÌs destiny for him requires it, there his goal: litoraque et vacuos sensit sine remige portus still, troubled in war by the armies of a proud race, terque quaterque manu pectus percussa decorum exiled from his territories, torn from IulusÌs embrace, flaventesque abscissa comas 'Pro Iuppiter ibit let him beg help, and watch the shameful death of his people: hic' ait 'et nostris inluserit advena regnis? then, when he has surrendered, to a peace without justice, Non arma expedient totaque ex urbe sequentur may he not enjoy his kingdom or the days he longed for, deripientque rates alii navalibus? Ite but let him die before his time, and lie unburied on the sand. ferte citi flammas date vela impellite remos!--- This I pray, these last words I pour out with my blood. Quid loquor aut ubi sum? Quae mentem insania mutat? Then, O Tyrians, pursue my hatred against his whole line Infelix Dido nunc te facta impia tangunt. and the race to come, and offer it as a tribute to my ashes. Tum decuit cum sceptra dabas.---En dextra fidesque Let there be no love or treaties between our peoples. quem secum patrios aiunt portare Penates Rise, some unknown avenger, from my dust, who will pursue quem subiisse umeris confectum aetate parentem! the Trojan colonists with fire and sword, now, or in time Non potui abreptum divellere corpus et undis to come, whenever the strength is granted him. spargere? Non socios non ipsum absumere ferro I pray that shore be opposed to shore, water to wave, Ascanium patriisque epulandum ponere mensis?--- weapon to weapon: let them fight, them and their descendants.Î Verum anceps pugnae fuerat fortuna:---fuisset. Quem metui moritura? Faces in castra tulissem implessemque foros flammis natumque patremque She spoke, and turned her thoughts this way and that, cum genere extinxem memet super ipsa dedissem. considering how to destroy her hateful life. 'Sol qui terrarum flammis opera omnia lustras Then she spoke briefly to Barce, SychaeusÌs nurse, tuque harum interpres curarum et conscia Iuno since dark ashes concealed her own, in her former country: nocturnisque Hecate triviis ululata per urbes ÍDear nurse, bring my sister Anna here: tell her et Dirae ultrices et di morientis Elissae to hurry, and sprinkle herself with water from the river, accipite haec meritumque malis advertite numen and bring the sacrificial victims and noble offerings. et nostras audite preces. Si tangere portus Let her come, and you yourself veil your brow with sacred ribbons. infandum caput ac terris adnare necesse est My purpose is to complete the rites of Stygian Jupiter, et sic fata Iovis poscunt hic terminus haeret: that I commanded, and have duly begun, and put an end at bello audacis populi vexatus et armis to sorrow, and entrust the pyre of that Trojan leader to the flames.Î finibus extorris complexu avulsus Iuli So she said. The old woman zealously hastened her steps. auxilium imploret videatque indigna suorum But Dido restless, wild with desperate purpose, funera; nec cum se sub leges pacis iniquae rolling her bloodshot eyes, her trembling cheeks tradiderit regno aut optata luce fruatur stained with red flushes, yet pallid at approaching death, sed cadat ante diem mediaque inhumatus harena. rushed into the house through its inner threshold, furiously Haec precor hanc vocem extremam cum sanguine fundo. climbed the tall funeral pyre, and unsheathed Tum vos o Tyrii stirpem et genus omne futurum a Trojan sword, a gift that was never acquired to this end. exercete odiis cinerique haec mittite nostro Then as she saw the Ilian clothing and the familiar couch, munera. Nullus amor populis nec foedera sunto. she lingered a while, in tears and thought, then Exoriare aliquis nostris ex ossibus ultor cast herself on the bed, and spoke her last words: qui face Dardanios ferroque sequare colonos ÍReminders, sweet while fate and the god allowed it, nunc olim quocumque dabunt se tempore vires. accept this soul, and loose me from my sorrows. Litora litoribus contraria fluctibus undas I have lived, and I have completed the course that Fortune granted, imprecor arma armis; pugnent ipsique nepotesque.' and now my noble spirit will pass beneath the earth. I have built a bright city: I have seen its battlements, Haec ait et partis animum versabat in omnis avenging a husband I have exacted punishment invisam quaerens quam primum abrumpere lucem. on a hostile brother, happy, ah, happy indeed Tum breviter Barcen nutricem adfata Sychaei; if Trojan keels had never touched my shores!Î namque suam patria antiqua cinis ater habebat: She spoke, and buried her face in the couch. 'Annam cara mihi nutrix huc siste sororem; ÍI shall die un-avenged, but let me die,Î she cried. dic corpus properet fluviali spargere lympha ÍSo, so I joy in travelling into the shadows. et pecudes secum et monstrata piacula ducat: Let the cruel TrojanÌs eyes drink in this fire, on the deep, sic veniat; tuque ipsa pia tege tempora vitta. and bear with him the evil omen of my death.Î Sacra Iovi Stygio quae rite incepta paravi She had spoken, and in the midst of these words, perficere est animus finemque imponere curis her servants saw she had fallen on the blade, Dardaniique rogum capitis permittere flammae.' the sword frothed with blood, and her hands were stained. Sic ait: illa gradum studio celerabat anili. A cry rose to the high ceiling: Rumour, run riot, struck the city. At trepida et coeptis immanibus effera Dido The houses sounded with weeping and sighs and womenÌs cries, sanguineam volvens aciem maculisque trementis the sky echoed with a mighty lamentation, interfusa genas et pallida morte futura as if all Carthage or ancient Tyre were falling interiora domus inrumpit limina et altos to the invading enemy, and raging flames were rolling conscendit furibunda rogos ensemque recludit over the roofs of men and gods. Dardanium non hos quaesitum munus in usus. Her sister, terrified, heard it, and rushed through the crowd, Hic postquam Iliacas vestes notumque cubile tearing her cheeks with her nails, and beating her breast, conspexit paulum lacrimis et mente morata and called out to the dying woman in accusation: incubuitque toro dixitque novissima verba: ÍSo this was the meaning of it, sister? Did you aim to cheat me? 'Dulces exuviae dum fata deusque sinebant This pyre of yours, this fire and altar were prepared for my sake? accipite hanc animam meque his exsolvite curis. What shall I grieve for first in my abandonment? Did you scorn Vixi et quem dederat cursum fortuna your sisterÌs company in dying? You should have summoned me et nunc magna mei sub terras ibit imago. to the same fate: the same hour the same swordÌs hurt should have Urbem praeclaram statui; mea moenia vidi; taken us both. I even built your pyre with these hands, ulta virum poenas inimico a fratre recepi; and was I calling aloud on our fatherÌs gods, felix heu nimium felix si litora tantum so that I would be absent, cruel one, as you lay here? numquam Dardaniae tetigissent nostra carinae!' You have extinguished yourself and me, sister: your people, Dixit et os impressa toro your Sidonian ancestors, and your city. I should bathe sed moriamur' ait. 'Sic sic iuvat ire sub umbras: your wounds with water and catch with my lips Hauriat hunc oculis ignem crudelis ab alto whatever dying breath still hovers.Î So saying she climbed Dardanus et nostrae secum ferat omina mortis.' the high levels, and clasped her dying sister to her breast, Dixerat; atque illam media inter talia ferro sighing, and stemming the dark blood with her dress. conlapsam aspiciunt comites ensemque cruore Dido tried to lift her heavy eyelids again, but failed: spumantem sparsasque manus. It clamor ad alta and the deep wound hissed in her breast. atria; concussam bacchatur Fama per urbem. Lifting herself three times, she struggled to rise on her elbow: Lamentis gemituque et femineo ululatu three times she fell back onto the bed, searching for light in tecta fremunt; resonat magnis plangoribus aether the depths of heaven, with wandering eyes, and, finding it, sighed. non aliter quam si immissis ruat hostibus omnis Then all-powerful Juno, pitying the long suffering Karthago aut antiqua Tyros flammaeque furentes of her difficult death, sent Iris from Olympus, to release culmina perque hominum volvantur perque deorum. the struggling spirit, and captive body. For since Audiit exanimis trepidoque exterrita cursu she had not died through fate, or by a well-earned death, unguibus ora soror foedans et pectora pugnis but wretchedly, before her time, inflamed with sudden madness, per medios ruit ac morientem nomine clamat: Proserpine had not yet taken a lock of golden hair 'Hoc illud germana fuit? Me fraude petebas? from her head, or condemned her soul to Stygian Orcus. Hoc rogus iste mihi hoc ignes araeque parabant? So dew-wet Iris flew down through the sky, on saffron wings, Quid primum deserta querar? Comitemne sororem trailing a thousand shifting colours across the sun, sprevisti moriens? Eadem me ad fata vocasses: and hovered over her head. Í I take this offering, sacred to Dis, idem ambas ferro dolor atque eadem hora tulisset. as commanded, and release you from the body that was yours.Î His etiam struxi manibus patriosque vocavi So she spoke, and cut the lock of hair with her right hand. voce deos sic te ut posita crudelis abessem? All the warmth ebbed at once, and life vanished on the breeze. Exstinxti te meque soror populumque patresque Sidonios urbemque tuam. Date volnera lymphis abluam et extremus si quis super halitus errat Meanwhile Aeneas with the fleet was holding a fixed course ore legam.' Sic fata gradus evaserat altos now in the midst of the sea, cutting the waves, dark in a northerly semianimemque sinu germanam amplexa fovebat wind, looking back at the city walls that were glowing now with cum gemitu atque atros siccabat veste cruores. unhappy DidoÌs funeral flames. The reason that such a fire had Illa graves oculos conata attollere rursus been lit was unknown: but the cruel pain when a great love is deficit; infixum stridit sub pectore vulnus. profaned, and the knowledge of what a frenzied woman might do, Ter sese attollens cubitoque adnixa levavit; drove the minds of the Trojans to sombre forebodings. ter revoluta toro est oculisque errantibus alto When the ships reached deep water and land was no longer quaesivit caelo lucem ingemuitque reperta. in sight, but everywhere was sea, and sky was everywhere, then a dark-blue rain cloud hung overhead, bringing Tum Iuno omnipotens longum miserata dolorem night and storm, and the waves bristled with shadows. difficilisque obitus Irim demisit Olympo Palinurus the helmsman himself from the high stern cried: quae luctantem animam nexosque resolveret artus. ËAh! Why have such storm clouds shrouded the sky? Nam quia nec fato merita nec morte peribat What do you intend, father Neptune?Ì So saying, next sed misera ante diem subitoque accensa furore he ordered them to shorten sail, and bend to the heavy oars, nondum illi flavum Proserpina vertice crinem then tacked against the wind, and spoke as follows: abstulerat Stygioque caput damnaverat Orco. ËBrave Aeneas, I would not expect to make Italy Ergo Iris croceis per caelum roscida pennis with this sky, though guardian Jupiter promised it. mille trahens varios adverso sole colores The winds, rising from the darkened west, have shifted devolat et supra caput adstitit: 'Hunc ego Diti and roar across our path, and the air thickens for a storm. sacrum iussa fero teque isto corpore solvo.' We cannot stand against it, or labour enough to weather it. Sic ait et dextra crinem secat: omnis et una Since Fortune overcomes us, letÌs go with her, dilapsus calor atque in ventos vita recessit. and set our course wherever she calls. I think your brother EryxÌs friendly shores are not far off, and the harbours of Sicily, INTEREA medium Aeneas iam classe tenebat if I only remember the stars I observed rightly.Ì certus iter fluctusque atros Aquilone secabat Then virtuous Aeneas replied: ËFor my part IÌve seen for some time moenia respiciens quae iam infelicis Elissae that the winds required it, and youÌre steering into them in vain. conlucent flammis. Quae tantum accenderit ignem Alter the course we sail. Is any land more welcome to me, causa latet; duri magno sed amore dolores any to which IÌd prefer to steer my weary fleet, polluto notumque furens quid femina possit than that which protects my Trojan friend Acestes, triste per augurium Teucrorum pectora ducunt. and holds the bones of my father Anchises to its breast?Î Ut pelagus tenuere rates nec iam amplius ulla Having said this they searched out the port, and following winds occurrit tellus maria undique et undique caelum filled their sails: the ships sailed swiftly on the flood, olli caeruleus supra caput adstitit imber and they turned at last in delight towards known shores. noctem hiememque ferens et inhorruit unda tenebris. But Alcestes, on a high hill in the distance, wondered at the arrival Ipse gubernator puppi Palinurus ab alta: of friendly vessels, and met them, armed with javelins, 'Heu! quianam tanti cinxerunt aethera nimbi? in his Libyan she-bearÌs pelt: he whom a Trojan Quidve pater Neptune paras?' Sic deinde locutus mother bore, conceived of the river-god Crinisius. colligere arma iubet validisque incumbere remis Not neglectful of his ancient lineage he rejoiced obliquatque sinus in ventum ac talia fatur: at their return, entertained them gladly with his rural riches, 'Magnanime Aenea non si mihi Iuppiter auctor and comforted the weary with the assistance of a friend. spondeat hoc sperem Italiam contingere caelo. Mutati transversa fremunt et vespere ab atro consurgunt venti atque in nubem cogitur aer. When, in the following Dawn, bright day had put the stars Nec nos obniti contra nec tendere tantum to flight, Aeneas called his companions together, sufficimus. Superat quoniam Fortuna sequamur from the whole shore, and spoke from a high mound: quoque vocat vertamus iter. Nec litora longe ÍNoble Trojans, people of the high lineage of the gods, fida reor fraterna Erycis portusque Sicanos the yearÌs cycle is complete to the very month si modo rite memor servata remetior astra.' when we laid the bones, all that was left of my divine father, Tum pius Aeneas: 'Equidem sic poscere ventos in the earth, and dedicated the sad altars. And now iamdudum et frustra cerno te tendere contra: the day is here (that the gods willed) if I am not wrong, Flecte viam velis. An sit mihi gratior ulla which I will always hold as bitter, always honoured. quove magis fessas optem demittere naves If I were keeping it, exiled in Gaetulian Syrtes, quam quae Dardanium tellus mihi servat Acesten or caught on the Argive seas, or in MycenaeÌs city, et patris Anchisae gremio complectitur ossa?' IÌd still conduct the yearly rite, and line of solemn Haec ubi dicta petunt portus et vela secundi procession, and heap up the due offerings on the altar. intendunt Zephyri; fertur cita gurgite classis Now we even stand by the ashes and bones of my father et tandem laeti notae advertuntur harenae. (not for my part I think without the will and power of the gods) and carried to this place we have entered a friendly harbour. At procul ex celso miratus vertice montis So come and let us all celebrate the sacrifice with joy: adventum sociasque rates occurrit Acestes let us pray for a wind, and may he will me to offer these rites horridus in iaculis et pelle Libystidis ursae each year when my city is founded, in temples that are his. Troia Criniso conceptum flumine mater Acestes, a Trojan born, gives you two head of oxen quem genuit: veterum non immemor ille parentum for every ship: Invite the household gods to our feast, gratatur reduces et gaza laetus agresti our own and those whom Acestes our host worships. excipit ac fessos opibus solatur amicis. Also, when the ninth Dawn raises high the kindly light for mortal men, and reveals the world in her rays, Postera cum primo stellas Oriente fugarat I will declare a Trojan Games: first a race between the swift ships: clara dies socios in coetum litore ab omni then those with ability in running, and those, daring in strength, advocat Aeneas tumulique ex aggere fatur: who step forward, who are superior with javelin and slight arrows, 'Dardanidae magni genus alto a sanguine divom or trust themselves to fight with rawhide gloves: annuus exactis completur mensibus orbis let everyone be there and hope for the prize of a well-deserved ex quo reliquias divinique ossa parentis palm branch. All be silent now, and wreathe your brows.Î Condidimus terra maestasque sacravimus aras. So saying he veiled his forehead with his motherÌs myrtle. Iamque dies nisi fallor adest Helymus did likewise, Acestes of mature years, the boy semper honoratum---sic di voluistis---habebo. Ascanius, and the rest of the people followed. Hunc ego Gaetulis agerem si Syrtibus exsul Then he went with many thousands, from the gathering Argolicove mari deprensus et urbe Mycenae; to the grave-mound, in the midst of the vast accompanying throng. annua vota tamen sollemnisque ordine pompas Here with due offering he poured two bowls of pure wine exsequerer strueremque suis altaria donis. onto the ground, two of fresh milk, two of sacrificial blood, Nunc ultro ad cineres ipsius et ossa parentis and, scattering bright petals, he spoke as follows: haud equidem sine mente reor sine numine divom ÍOnce more, hail, my sacred father: hail, spirit, adsumus et portus delati intramus amicos. ghost, ashes of my father, whom I rescued in vain. Ergo agite et laetum cuncti celebremus honorem; I was not allowed to search, with you, for ItalyÌs borders, poscamus ventos; atque haec me sacra quotannis our destined fields, or AusoniaÌs Tiber, wherever it might be.Î urbe velit posita templis sibi ferre dicatis. He had just finished speaking when a shining snake unwound Bina boum vobis Troia generatus Acestes each of its seven coils from the base of the shrine, dat numero capita in naves; adhibete Penates in seven large loops, placidly encircling the mound, and gliding et patrios epulis et quos colit hospes Acestes. among the altars, its back mottled with blue-green markings, Praeterea si nona diem mortalibus almum and its scales burning with a golden sheen, as a rainbow forms Aurora extulerit radiisque retexerit orbem a thousand varied colours in clouds opposite the sun. prima citae Teucris ponam certamina classis; Aeneas was stunned by the sight. Finally, with a long glide quique pedum cursu valet et qui viribus audax among the bowls and polished drinking cups, the serpent aut iaculo incedit melior levibusque sagittis tasted the food, and, having fed, departed the altar, seu crudo fidit pugnam committere caestu retreating harmlessly again into the depths of the tomb. cuncti adsint meritaeque exspectent praemia palmae. Aeneas returned more eagerly to the tribute to his father, Ore favete omnes et cingite tempora ramis.' uncertain whether to treat the snake as the guardian of the place, or as his fatherÌs attendant spirit: he killed two sheep as customary, Sic fatus velat materna tempora myrto; two pigs, and as many black-backed heifers: hoc Elymus facit hoc aevi maturus Acestes and poured wine from the bowls, and called on the spirit hoc puer Ascanius sequitur quos cetera pubes. and shadow of great Anchises, released from Acheron. Ille e concilio multis cum milibus ibat And his companions as well, brought gifts gladly, of which ad tumulum magna medius comitante caterva. each had a store, piling high the altars, sacrificing bullocks: Hic duo rite mero libans carchesia Baccho others set out rows of cauldrons, and scattered among the grass, fundit humi duo lacte novo duo sanguine sacro placed live coals under the spits, and roasted the meat. purpureosque iacit flores ac talia fatur: 'Salve sancte parens: iterum salvete recepti nequiquam cineres animaeque umbraeque paternae. The eagerly-awaited day had arrived, and now Non licuit fines Italos fataliaque arva PhaethonÌs horses brought a ninth dawn of cloudless light, nec tecum Ausonium (quicumque est) quaerere Thybrim.' and AcestesÌs name and reputation had roused the countryside: Dixerat haec adytis cum lubricus anguis ab imis they thronged the shore, a joyous crowd, septem ingens gyros septena volumina traxit some to see Aeneas and his men, others to compete. amplexus placide tumulum lapsusque per aras First the prizes were set out for them to see in the centre caeruleae cui terga notae maculosus et auro of the circuit, sacred tripods, green crowns and palms, squamam incendebat fulgor ceu nubibus arcus rewards for the winners, armour, and clothes dyed with purple, mille iacit varios adverso sole colores. and talents of silver and gold: and a trumpet sang out, Obstipuit visu Aeneas. Ille agmine longo from a central mound, that the games had begun. tandem inter pateras et levia pocula serpens Four well-matched ships with heavy oars libavitque dapes rursusque innoxius imo were chosen from the fleet for the first event. successit tumulo et depasta altaria liquit. Mnesthus, soon to be Mnesthus of Italy from whom Hoc magis inceptos genitori instaurat honores the Memmian people are named, captains the Sea-Serpent, incertus geniumne loci famulumne parentis with its eager crew: Gyas, the vast Chimaera of huge bulk, esse putet: caedit binas de more bidentes a floating city, rowed by the Trojan men totque sues totidem nigrantis terga iuvencos; on three decks, with the oars raised in triple rows: vinaque fundebat pateris animamque vocabat Sergestus, from whom the house of Sergia gets its name, Anchisae magni Manisque Acheronte remissos. sails in the great Centaur, and Cloanthus from whom Nec non et socii quae cuique est copia laeti your family derives, Cluentius of Rome, in the sea-green Scylla. dona ferunt onerant aras mactantque iuvencos; ThereÌs a rock far out at sea opposite the foaming shore, ordine aena locant alii fusique per herbam which, lashed by the swollen waves, is sometimes drowned, subiciunt veribus prunas et viscera torrent. when wintry north-westerlies hide the stars: it is quiet in calm weather and flat ground is raised above Exspectata dies aderat nonamque serena the motionless water, a welcome haunt for sun-loving sea-birds. Auroram Phaethontis equi iam luce vehebant Here our ancestor Aeneas set up a leafy oak-trunk famaque finitimos et clari nomen Acestae as a mark, as a sign for the sailors to know where excierat; laeto complerant litora coetu to turn back, and circle round the long course. visuri Aeneadas pars et certare parati. Then they chose places by lot, and the captains themselves, on Munera principio ante oculos circoque locantur the sterns, gleamed from a distance, resplendent in purple and gold: in medio sacri tripodes viridesque coronae the rest of the men were crowned with poplar leaves, et palmae pretium victoribus armaque et ostro and their naked shoulders glistened, shining with oil. perfusae vestes argenti aurique talenta; They manned the benches, arms ready at the oars: et tuba commissos medio canit aggere ludos. readied for action they waited for the signal, and pounding fear, and the desire aroused for glory, devoured their leaping hearts. Prima pares ineunt gravibus certamina remis Then when the clear trumpet gave the signal, all immediately quattuor ex omni delectae classe carinae. shot forward from the starting line, the sailorÌs shouts Velocem Mnestheus agit acri remige Pristim struck the heavens, as arms were plied the waters turned to foam. mox Italus Mnestheus genus a quo nomine Memmi; they cut the furrows together, and the whole surface ingentemque Gyas ingenti mole Chimaeram gaped wide, ploughed by the oars and the three-pronged beaks. urbis opus triplici pubes quam Dardana versu The speed is not as great when the two horse chariots impellunt terno consurgunt ordine remi; hit the field in their race, shooting from their stalls: Sergestusque domus tenet a quo Sergia nomen and the charioteers shake the rippling reins over their Centauro invehitur magna Scyllaque Cloanthus galloping team, straining forward to the lash. caerulea genus unde tibi Romane Cluenti. So the whole woodland echoes with applause, the shouts of men, and the partisanship of their supporters, Est procul in pelago saxum spumantia contra the sheltered beach concentrates the sound litora quod tumidis submersum tunditur olim and the hills, reverberating, return the clamour. fluctibus hiberni condunt ubi sidera cori; tranquillo silet immotaque attollitur unda campus et apricis statio gratissima mergis. Gyas runs before the pack, and glides forward on the waves, Hic viridem Aeneas frondenti ex ilice metam amongst the noise and confusion: Cloanthus follows next, constituit signum nautis pater unde reverti his ship better manned, but held back by its weight. scirent et longos ubi circumflectere cursus. After them separated equally the Sea-Serpent Tum loca sorte legunt ipsique in puppibus auro and the Centaur strain to win a lead: ductores longe effulgent ostroque decori; now the Sea-Serpent has it, now the huge Centaur wins in front, cetera populea velatur fronde iuventus now both sweep on together their bows level, nudatosque umeros oleo perfilsa nitescit. their long keels ploughing the salt sea. Considunt transtris intentaque brachia remis; Now they near the rock and are close to the marker, intenti exspectant signum exsultantiaque haurit when Gyas, the leader, winning at the half-way point, corda pavor pulsans laudumque arrecta cupido. calls out loudly to his pilot Menoetes: Inde ubi clara dedit sonitum tuba finibus omnes ÍWhy so far adrift to starboard? Steer her course this way: haud mora prosiluere suis; ferit aethera clamor hug the shore and graze the crags to port, oars raised: nauticus adductis spumant freta versa lacertis. let others keep to deep water.Î He spoke, but Menoetes Infindunt pariter sulcos totumque dehiscit fearing unseen reefs wrenched the prow towards the open sea. convulsum remis rostrisque tridentibus aequor. ÍWhy so far adrift?Î again, ÍHead for the rocks, Menoetes!Î Non tam praecipites biiugo certamine campum he shouts to him forcefully, and behold, he sees Cloanthus corripuere ruuntque effusi carcere currus right at his back and taking the riskier course. nec sic immissis aurigae undantia lora He squeezed a path between GyasÌs ship and the booming rocks concussere iugis pronique in verbera pendent. inside to starboard, suddenly passing the leader, Tum plausu fremituque virum studiisque faventum and, leaving the marker behind, reached safe water. consonat omne nemus vocemque inclusa volutant Then indeed great indignation burned in the young manÌs marrow, litora pulsati colles clamore resultant. and there were tears on his cheeks, and forgetting his own pride and his crewÌs safety he heaved the timid Menoetes Effugit ante alios primisque elabitur undis headlong into the sea from the high stern: turbam inter fremitumque Gyas; quem deinde Cloanthus he stood to the helm, himself captain and steersman, consequitur melior remis sed pondere pinus urged on his men, and turned for the shore. tarda tenet. Post hos aequo discrimine Pristis But when Menoetes old as he was, clawed his way back heavily Centaurusque locum tendunt superare priorem; and with difficulty at last from the sea floor, he climbed to the top et nunc Pristis habet nunc victam praeterit ingens of the crag and sat down on the dry rock dripping, in his wet Centaurus nunc una ambae iunctisque feruntur clothing. The Trojans laughed as he fell, and swam frontibus et longa sulcant vada salsa carina. and laughed as he vomited the seawater from his chest. Iamque propinquabant scopulo metamque tenebant At this a joyful hope of passing Gyas, as he stalled, cum princeps medioque Gyas in gurgite victor is aroused in Sergestus and Mnestheus, the two behind, rectorem navis compellat voce Menoeten: Sergestus takes the leading place and nears the rock, 'Quo tantum mihi dexter abis? Huc dirige gressum; still heÌs not a full shipÌs length in front, only part: litus ama et laevas stringat sine palmula cautes; the rival Sea-Serpent closes on him with her prow. altum alii teneant.' Dixit; sed caeca Menoetes Then, Mnesthus walking among his crew amidships saxa timens proram pelagi detorquet ad undas. exhorted them: ÍNow, now rise to the oars, comrades 'Quo diversus abis?' iterum 'Pete saxa Menoete!' of Hector, you whom I chose as companions at TroyÌs cum clamore Gyas revocabat; et ecce Cloanthum last fatal hour: now, exert all that strength, respicit instantem tergo et propiora tenentem. that spirit you showed in the Gaetulian shoals, Ille inter navemque Gyae scopulosque sonantes the Ionian Sea, and Cape MaleaÌs pursuing waves. radit iter laevum interior subitoque priorem Now I, Mnesthus, do not seek to be first or try to win Ä praeterit et metis tenet aequora tuta relictis. let those conquer whom you have granted to do so, Neptune Ä Tum vero exarsit iuveni dolor ossibus ingens but oh, it would be shameful to return last: achieve this for us, nec lacrimis caruere genae segnemque Menoeten countrymen, and prevent our disgrace.Î They bend to it oblitus decorisque sui sociumque salutis with fierce rivalry: the bronze stern shudders at their powerful in mare praecipitem puppi deturbat ab alta; strokes: and the sea-floor drops away beneath them: ipse gubernaclo rector subit ipse magister then shallow breathing makes limbs and parched lips quiver. hortaturque viros clavumque ad litora torquet. and their sweat runs down in streams. At gravis ut fundo vix tandem redditus imo est Chance brings the men the glory that they long for. iam senior madidaque fluens in veste Menoetes When Segestus, his spirit raging, forces his bows, summa petit scopuli siccaque in rupe resedit. on the inside, towards the rocks, and enters Ilium et labentem Teucri et risere natantem dangerous water, unhappily he strikes the jutting reef. et salsos rident revomentem pectore fluctus. The cliff shakes, the oars jam against them, and snap on the sharp edges of stone, and the prow hangs there, snagged. Hic laeta extremis spes est accensa duobus The sailors leap up, and, shouting aloud at the delay, Sergesto Mnestheique Gyan superare morantem. gather iron-tipped poles and sharply-pointed boathooks, Sergestus capit ante locum scopuloque propinquat and rescue their smashed oars from the water. nec tota tamen ille prior praeeunte carina; But Mnesthus, delighted, and made eager by his success, parte prior partem rostro premit aemula Pristis. with a swift play of oars, and a prayer to the winds. At media socios incedens nave per ipsos heads for home waters and courses the open sea, hortatur Mnestheus: 'Nunc nunc insurgite remis as a dove, whose nest and sweet chicks are hidden Hectorei socii Troiae quos sorte suprema among the rocks, suddenly startled from some hollow, delegi comites; nunc illas promite vires takes flight for the fields, frightened from her cover, nunc animos quibus in Gaetulis Syrtibus usi and beats her wings loudly, but soon gliding in still air Ionioque mari Maleaeque sequacibus undis. skims her clear path, barely moving her swift pinions: Non iam prima peto Mnestheus neque vincere certo; in this way Mnestheus and the Sea-Dragon herself furrow quamquam O!---sed superent quibus hoc Neptune the final stretch of water in flight, and her impetus extremos pudeat rediisse; hoc vincite cives alone, carries her on her winged path. Firstly et prohibete nefas.' Olli certamine summo he leaves Segestus behind struggling on the raised rock procumbunt; vastis tremit ictibus aerea puppis then in shoal water, calling vainly for help, subtrahiturque solum; tum creber anhelitus artus and learning how to race with shattered oars. aridaque ora quatit sudor fluit undique rivis. Then he overhauls Gyas and the ChimaeraÌs huge bulk: Attulit ipse viris optatum casus honorem. which, deprived of her helmsman now, gives way. Namque furens animi dum proram ad saxa suburguet Now Cloanthus alone is left ahead, near to the finish, interior spatioque subit Sergestus iniquo Mnestheus heads for him and chases closely infelix saxis in procurrentibus haesit. exerting all his powers. Then indeed the shouts redouble, Concussae cautes et acuto in murice remi and together all enthusiastically urge on the pursuer. obnixi crepuere inlisaque prora pependit. The former crew are unhappy lest they fail to keep Consurgunt nautae et magno clamore morantur the honour that is theirs and the glory already ferratasque trudes et acuta cuspide contos in their possession, and would sell their lives for fame. expediunt fractosque legunt in gurgite remos. the latter feed on success: they can because they think they can. At laetus Mnestheus successuque acrior ipso And with their prow alongside they might have snatched the prize, agmine remorum celeri ventisque vocatis if Cleanthus had not stretched out his hands over the sea prona petit maria et pelago decurrit aperto. and poured out his prayers, and called to the gods in longing. Qualis spelunca subito commota columba ÍGods, whose empire is the ocean, whose waters I course, cui domus et dulces latebroso in pumice nidi On shore, I will gladly set a snow-white bull fertur in ana volans plausumque exterrita pennis before your altars, in payment of my vows, dat tecto ingentem mox aere lapsa quieto throw the entrailsinto the saltwater, and pour out pure wine.Î radit iter liquidum celeres neque commovet alas: He spoke, and all the Nereids, PhorcusÌs choir, and virgin Panopea, sic Mnestheus sic ipsa fuga secat ultima Pristis heard him in the waveÌs depths, and father Portunus drove him aequora sic illam fert impetus ipse volantem. on his track, with his great hand: the ship ran to shore, swifter Et primum in scopulo luctantem deserit alto than south wind or flying arrow, and plunged into the deep harbour. Sergestum brevibusque vadis frustraque vocantem auxilia et fractis discentem currere remis Inde Gyan ipsamque ingenti mole Chimaeram consequitur; cedit quoniam spoliata magistro est. Then AnchisesÌs son, calling them all together as is fitting, by the heraldÌs loud cry declares Cloanthus the winner, Solus iamque ipso superest in fine Cloanthus: and wreathes his forehead with green laurel, and tells him quem petit et summis adnixus viribus urguet. to choose three bullocks, and wine, and a large talent of silver Tum vero ingeminat clamor cunctique sequentem as gifts for the ships. He adds special honours for the captains: instigant studiis resonatque fragoribus aether. a cloak worked in gold for the victor, edged Hi proprium decus et partum indignantur honorem with Meliboean deep purple in a double meandering line, ni teneant vitamque volunt pro laude pacisci; Ganymede the boy-prince woven on it, as if breathless hos successus alit: possunt quia posse videntur. with eagerness, running with his javelin, chasing the swift stags Et fors aequatis cepissent praemia rostris on leafy Ida: whom JupiterÌs eagle, carrier of the lightning-bolt, ni palmas ponto tendens utrasque Cloanthus has now snatched up into the air, from Ida, with taloned feet: fudissetque preces divosque in vota vocasset: his aged guards stretch their hands to the sky in vain, Di quibus imperium est pelagi quorum aequora curro and the barking dogs snap at the air. He gives to the warrior, vobis laetus ego hoc candentem in litore taurum who took second place by his prowess, a coat of mail for his own, constituam ante aras voti reus extaque salsos with polished hooks, in triple woven gold, a beautiful thing porriciam in fluctus et vina liquentia fundam.' and a defence in battle, that he himself as victor had taken Dixit eumque imis sub fluctibus audiit omnis from Demoleos, by the swift Simois, below the heights of Ilium. Nereidum Phorcique chorus Panopeaque virgo Phegeus and Sagaris, his servants, can barely carry its folds, et pater ipse manu magna Portunus euntem on straining shoulders: though, wearing it, Demoleus impulit; illa Noto citius volucrique sagitta used to drive the scattered Trojans at a run. ad terram fugit et portu se condidit alto. He grants the third prize of a pair of bronze cauldrons and bowls made of silver with designs in bold relief. Tum satus Anchisa cunctis ex more vocatis Now they have all received their gifts and are walking off, victorem magna praeconis voce Cloanthum foreheads tied with scarlet ribbons, proud of their new wealth, declarat viridique advelat tempora lauro when Segestus, who showing much skill has with difficulty muneraque in naves ternos optare iuvencos got clear of the cruel rock, oars missing and one tier useless, vinaque et argenti magnum dat ferre talentum. brings in his boat, to mockery and no glory. Ipsis praecipuos ductoribus addit honores: As a snake, that a bronze-rimmed wheel has crossed obliquely, victori chlamydem auratam quam plurima circum is often caught on the curb of a road, or like one that a passer-by purpura maeandro duplici Meliboea cucurrit has crushed with a heavy blow from a stone and left half-dead, intextusque puer frondosa regius Ida writhes its long coils, trying in vain to escape, part aggressive, veloces iaculo cervos cursuque fatigat with blazing eyes, and hissing, its neck raised high in the air, acer anhelanti similis quem praepes ab Ida part held back by the constraint of its wounds, struggling sublimem pedibus rapuit Iovis armiger uncis; to follow with its coils, and twining back on its own length: longaevi palmas nequiquam ad sidera tendunt so the ship moves slowly on with wrecked oars: custodes saevitque canum latratus in auras. nevertheless she makes sail, and under full sail reaches harbour. At qui deinde locum tenuit virtute secundum Aeneas presents Sergestus with the reward he promised, levibus huic hamis consertam auroque trilicem happy that the ship is saved, and the crew rescued. loricam quam Demoleo detraxerat ipse He is granted a Cretan born slave-girl, Pholoe, not unskilled victor apud rapidum Simoenta sub Ilio alto in the arts of Minerva, nursing twin boys at her breast. donat habere viro decus et tutamen in armis. Vix illam famuli Phegeus Sagarisque ferebant multiplicem conixi umeris; indutus at olim Once this race was done Aeneas headed for a grassy space, Demoleos cursu palantes Troas agebat. circled round about by curving wooded hillsides, Tertia dona facit geminos ex aere lebetas forming an amphitheatre at the valleyÌs centre: cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis. the hero took himself there in the midst of the throng Iamque adeo donati omnes opibusque superbi many thousands strong, and occupied a raised throne. puniceis ibant evincti tempora taenis Here if any by chance wanted to compete in the footrace cum saevo e scopulo multa vix arte revolsus he tempted their minds with the reward, and set the prizes. amissis remis atque ordine debilis uno Trojans and Sicilians gathered together from all sides, inrisam sine honore ratem Sergestus agebat. Nisus and Euryalus the foremost among them, Qualis saepe viae deprensus in aggere serpens Euryalus famed for his beauty, and in the flower of youth, aerea quem obliquum rota transiit aut gravis ictu Nisus famed for his devoted affection for the lad: next seminecem liquit saxo lacerumque viator; came princely Diores, of PriamÌs royal blood, nequiquam longos fugiens dat corpore tortus then Salius and Patron together, one an Arcanian, parte ferox ardensque oculis et sibila colla the other of Arcadian blood and Tegean race: arduus attollens pars volnere clauda retentat then two young Sicilians, Helymus and Panopes, nexantem nodis seque in sua membra plicantem: used to the forests, companions of old Acestes: tali remigio navis se tarda movebat; and many others too, whose fame is lost in obscurity. vela facit tamen et velis subit ostia plenis. Then Aeneas amongst them spoke as follows: Sergestum Aeneas promisso munere donat ÍTake these words to heart, and give pleasurable attention. servatam ob navem laetus sociosque reductos. None of your number will go away without a reward from me. Olli serva datur operum haud ignara Minervae IÌll give two Cretan arrows, shining with polished steel, Cressa genus Pholoe geminique sub ubere nati. for each man, to take away, and a double-headed axe chased with silver: all who are present will receive the same honour. Hoc pius Acneas misso certamine tendit The first three will share prizes, and their heads will be crowned gramineum in campum quem collibus undique curvis with pale-green olive: let the first as winner take a horse cingebant silvae mediaque in valle theatri decorated with trappings: the second an Amazonian quiver, circus erat; quo se multis cum milibus heros filled with Thracian arrows, looped with a broad belt of gold consessu medium tulit exstructoque resedit. and fastened by a clasp with a polished gem: Hic qui forte velint rapido contendere cursu let the third leave content with this Argive helmet.Î imitat pretiis animos et praemia ponit. When he had finished they took their places and, suddenly, Undique conveniunt leucri mixtique Sicani on hearing the signal, they left the barrier and shot onto the course, Nisus et Euryalus primi streaming out like a storm cloud, gaze fixed on the goal. Euryalus forma insignis viridique iuventa Nisus was off first, and darted away, ahead of all the others, Nisus amore pio pueri; quos deinde secutus faster than the wind or the winged lightning-bolt: regius egregia Priami de stirpe Diores; Salius followed behind him, but a long way behind: hunc Salius simul et Patron quorum alter Acarnan then after a space Euryalus was third: Helymus alter ab Arcadio Tegeaeae sanguine gentis; pursued Euryalus, and there was Diores speeding near him, tum duo Trinacrii iuvenes Helymus Panopesque now touching foot to foot, leaning at his shoulder: adsueti silvis comites senioris Acestae; if the course had been longer heÌd have multi praeterea quos fama obscura recondit. slipped past him, and left the outcome in doubt. Aeneas quibus in mediis sic deinde locutus: Now, wearied, almost at the end of the track, 'Accipite haec animis laetasque advertite mentes: they neared the winning post itself, when the unlucky Nisus nemo ex hoc numero mihi non donatus abibit. fell in some slippery blood, which when the bullocks were killed Gnosia bina dabo levato lucida ferro had chanced to drench the ground and the green grass. spicula caelatamque argento ferre bipennem; Here the youth, already rejoicing at winning, failed to keep omnibus hic erit unus honos. Tres praemia primi his sliding feet on the ground, but fell flat, accipient flavaque caput nectentur oliva. straight in the slimy dirt and sacred blood. Primus equum phaleris insignem victor habeto; But he didnÌt forget Euryalus even then, nor his love: alter Amazoniam pharetram plenamque sagittis but, picking himself up out of the wet, obstructed Salius, Threiciis lato quam circum amplectitur auro who fell head over heels onto the thick sand. balteus et tereti subnectit fibula gemma; Euryalus sped by and, darting onwards to applause and the shouts tertius Argolica hac galea contentus abito.' of his supporters, took first place, winning with his friendÌs help. Helymus came in behind him, then Diores, now in third place. Haec ubi dicta locum capiunt signoque repente At this Salius filled the whole vast amphitheatre, and the faces corripiunt spatia audito limenque relinquunt of the foremost elders, with his loud clamour, effusi nimbo similes simul ultima signant. demanding to be given the prize stolen from him by a trick. Primus abit longeque ante omnia corpora Nisus His popularity protects Euryalus, and fitting tears, emicat et ventis et fulminis ocior alis; and ability is more pleasing in a beautiful body. proximus huic longo sed proxumus intervallo Diores encourages him, and protests in a loud voice, insequitur Salius; spatio post deinde relicto having reached the palm, but claiming the last prize in vain, tertius Euryalus: if the highest honour goes to Salius. Euryalumque Helymus sequitur; quo deinde sub ipso Then Aeneas the leader said, ÍYour prizes are still yours, ecce volat calcemque terit iam calce Diores lads, and no one is altering the order of attainment: incumbens umero spatia et si plura supersint but allow me to take pity on an unfortunate friendÌs fate.Î transeat elapsus prior ambiguumque relinquat. So saying he gives Salius the huge pelt of a Gaetulian lion, Iamque fere spatio extremo fessique sub ipsam heavy with shaggy fur, its claws gilded. finem adventabant levi cum sanguine Nisus At this Nisus comments: ÍIf these are the prizes for losing, labitur infelix caesis ut forte iuvencis and you pity the fallen, what fitting gift will you grant to Nisus, fusus humum viridisque super madefecerat herbas. who would have earned first place through merit Hic iuvenis iam victor ovans vestigia presso if ill luck had not dogged me, as it did Salius?Î haud tenuit titubata solo sed pronus in ipso And with that he shows his face and limbs drenched concidit immundoque fimo sacroque cruore. with foul mud. The best of leaders smiles at him, Non tamen Euryali non ille oblitus amorum; and orders a shield to be brought, the work of Didymaon, nam sese opposuit Salio per lubrica surgens; once unpinned by the Greeks from NeptuneÌs sacred threshold: ille autem spissa iacuit revolutus harena. this outstanding prize he gives to the noble youth. Emicat Euryalus et munere victor amici prima tenet plausuque volat fremituque secundo. Post Helymus subit et nunc tertia palma Diores. Hic totum caveae consessum ingentis et ora When the races were done and the gifts allotted, prima patrum magnis Salius clamoribus implet Aeneas cried: ÍNow, he who has skill and courage in his heart, ereptumque dolo reddi sibi poscit honorem. let him stand here and raise his arms, his fists bound in hide.Î Tutatur favor Euryalum lacrimaeque decorae So saying he set out the double prize for the boxing, gratior et pulchro veniens in corpore virtus. a bullock for the winner, dressed with gold and sacred ribbons, Adiuvat et magna proclamat voce Diores and a sword and a noble helmet to console the defeated. qui subiit palmae frustraque ad praemia venit Without delay Dares, hugely strong, raised his face ultima si primi Salio reddentur honores. and rose, to a great murmur from the crowd, Tum pater Aeneas 'Vestra' inquit 'munera vobis he who alone used to compete with Paris, certa manent pueri et palmam movet ordine nemo; and by that same mound where mighty Hector lies me liceat casus misereri insontis amici.' he struck the victorious Butes, borne of the Bebrycian Sic fatus tergum Gaetuli immane leonis race of Amycus, as he came forward, vast in bulk, dat Salio villis onerosum atque unguibus aureis. and stretched him dying on the yellow sand. Hic Nisus 'Si tanta' inquit 'sunt praemia victis Such was Dares who lifted his head up for the bout at once, et te lapsorum miseret quae munera Niso showed his broad shoulders, stretched his arms out, sparring digna dabis primam merui qui laude coronam to right and left, and threw punches at the air. ni me quae Salium fortuna inimica tulisset? A contestant was sought for him, but no one from all that crowd Et simul his dictis faciem ostentabat et udo dared face the man, or pull the gloves on his hands. turpia membra fimo. Risit pater optimus olli So, cheerfully thinking they had all conceded the prize, he stands et clipeum efferri iussit Didymaonis artem before Aeneas, and without more delay holds the bullockÌs horn Neptuni sacro Danais de poste refixum. in his left hand and says: ÍSon of the goddess, if no one dare Hoc iuvenem egregium praestanti munere donat; commit himself to fight, when will my standing here end? How long is it right for me to be kept waiting? Order me to lead Post ubi confecti cursus et dona peregit: your gift away.Î All the Trojans together shout their approval, 'Nunc si cui virtus animusque in pectore praesens and demand that what was promised be granted him. adsit et evinctis attollat brachia palmis.' At this Entellus upbraids Acestes, sitting next to him Sic ait et geminum pugnae proponit honorem on a stretch of green grass, with grave words: victori velatum auro vittisque iuvencum ÍEntellus, once the bravest of heroes, was it all in vain, ensem atque insignem galeam solacia victo. will you let so great a prize be carried off without a struggle, Nec mora: continuo vastis cum viribus effert and so tamely? WhereÌs our divine master, Eryx, now, ora Dares magnoque virum se murmure tollit; famous to no purpose? WhereÌs your name throughout Sicily, solus qui Paridem solitus contendere contra and why are those spoils of battle hanging in your house?Î idemque ad tumulum quo maximus occubat Hector To this Entellus replies: ÍItÌs not that quelled by fear, pride or love victorem Buten immani corpore qui se of fame has died: but my chill blood is dull with ageÌs sluggishness, Bebrycia veniens Amyci de gente ferebat and the vigour in my body is lifeless and exhausted. perculit et fulva moribundum extendit harena. If I had what I once had, which that boaster enjoys Talis prima Dares caput altum in proelia tollit and relies on, if that youthfulness were mine now, ostenditque umeros latos alternaque iactat then IÌd certainly have stepped forward, but not seduced brachia protendens et verberat ictibus auras. by prizes or handsome bullocks: I donÌt care about gifts.Î Quaeritur huic alius; nec quisquam ex agmine tanto Having spoken he throws a pair of gloves of immense weight audet adire virum manibusque inducere caestus. which fierce Eryx, binding the tough hide onto his hands, Ergo alacris cunctosque putans excedere palma used to fight in, into the middle of the ring. Their minds Aeneae stetit aute pedes nec plura moratus are stunned: huge pieces of hide from seven massive oxen tum laeva taurum cornu tenet atque ita fatur: are stiff with the iron and lead sewn into them. Above all 'Nate dea si nemo audet se credere pugnae Dares himself is astonished, and declines the bout from a distance, quae finis standi? Quo me decet usque teneri? and AnchisesÌs noble son turns the huge volume Ducere dona iube.' Cuncti simul ore fremebant and weight of the gloves backwards and forwards. Dardanidae reddique viro promissa iubebant. Then the older man speaks like this, from his heart: ÍWhat if youÌd seen the arms and gloves of Hercules Hic gravis Entellum dictis castigat Acestes himself, and the fierce fight on this very shore? proximus ut viridante toro consederat herbae: Your brother Eryx once wore these (you see that 'Entelle heroum quondam fortissime frustra theyÌre still stained with blood and brain matter) tantane tam patiens nullo certamine tolli He faced great Hercules in them: I used to fight in them dona sines? Ubi nunc nobis deus ille magister when more vigorous blood granted me strength, requiquam memoratus Eryx? Ubi fama per omnem and envious age had not yet sprinkled my brow with snow. Trinacriam et spolia illa tuis pendentia tectis?' But if a Trojan, Dares, shrinks from these gloves of ours, Ille sub haec: 'Non laudis amor nec gloria cessit and good Aeneas accepts it, and Acestes my sponsor agrees, pulsa metu; sed enim gelidus tardante senecta letÌs level the odds. IÌll forgo the gloves of Eryx sanguis hebet frigentque effetae in corpore vires. (banish your fears): you, throw off your Trojan ones.Î Si mihi quae quondam fuerat quaque improbus iste So speaking he flings his double-sided cloak from his shoulders, exsultat fidens si nunc foret illa iuventas baring the massive muscles of his limbs, his thighs haud equidem pretio inductus pulchroque iuvenco with their huge bones, and stands, a giant, in the centre of the arena. venissem nec dona moror.' Sic deinde locutus Then our ancestor, AnchisesÌs son, lifts up a like pair of gloves, in medium geminos immani pondere caestus and protects the hands of both contestants equally. proiecit quibus acer Eryx in proelia suetus Immediately each takes up his stance, poised on his toes, ferre manum duroque intendere brachia tergo. and fearlessly raises his arms high in front of him. Obstipuere animi: tantorum ingentia septem Keeping their heads up and well away from the blows terga boum plumbo insuto ferroque rigebant. they begin to spar, fist to fist, and provoke a battle, Ante omnes stupet ipse Dares longeque recusat; the one better at moving his feet, relying on his youth, magnanimusque Anchisiades et pondus et ipsa the other powerful in limbs and bulk: but his slower legs quiver, huc illuc vinclorum immensa volumina versat. his knees are unsteady, and painful gasps shake his huge body. Tum senior talis referebat pectore voces: They throw many hard punches at each other but in vain, 'Quid si quis caestus ipsius et Herculis arma they land many on their curved flanks, or their chests vidisset tristemque hoc ipso in litore pugnam? are thumped loudly, gloves often stray to ears Haec germanus Eryx quondam tuus arma gerebat;--- and brows, and jaws rattle under the harsh blows. sanguine cernis adhuc sparsoque infecta cerebro;--- Entellus stands solidly, not moving, in the same stance, his magnum Alciden contra stetit; his ego suetus avoiding the blows with his watchful eyes and body alone. dum melior vires sanguis dabat aemula necdum Dares, like someone who lays siege to a towering city, temporibus geminis canebat sparsa senectus. or surrounds a mountain fortress with weapons, Sed si nostra Dares haec Troius arma recusat tries this opening and that, seeking everywhere, with his art, idque pio sedet Aeneae prohat auctor Acestes and presses hard with varied but useless assaults. aequemus pugnas. Erycis tibi terga remitto; Then Entellus standing up to him, extends his raised right: solve metus; et tu Troianos exue caestus.' the other, foreseeing the downward angle of the imminent blow, Haec fatus duplicem ex umeris reiecit amictum slides his nimble body aside, and retreats: et magnos membrorum artus magna ossa lacertosque Entellus wastes his effort on the air and the heavy man exuit atque ingens media consistit harena. falls to the ground heavily, with his whole weight, Tum satus Anchisa caestus pater extulit aequos as a hollow pine-tree, torn up by its roots, sometimes falls et paribus palmas amborum innexuit armis. on Mount Erymanthus or mighty Mount Ida. Constitit in digitos extemplo arrectus uterque The Trojans and the Sicilan youths leap up eagerly: brachiaque ad superas interritus extulit auras. a shout lifts to the sky, and Acestes is the first to run forward Abduxere retro longe capita ardua ab ictu and with sympathy raises his old friend from the ground. immiscentque manus manibus pugnamque lacessunt. But that hero, not slowed or deterred by his fall, Ille pedum melior motu fretusque iuventa; returns more eagerly to the fight, and generates power from anger. hic membris et mole valens sed tarda trementi Then shame and knowledge of his own ability revive his strength, genua labant vastos quatit aeger anhelitus artus. and he drives Dares in fury headlong across the whole arena, Multa viri nequiquam inter se volnera iactant doubling his punches now, to right and left. No pause, or rest: multa cavo lateri ingeminant et pectore vastos like the storm clouds rattling their dense hailstones on the roof, dant sonitus erratque auris et tempora circum as heavy are the blows from either hand, as the hero crebra manus duro crepitant sub volnere malae. continually batters at Dares and destroys him. Stat gravis Entellus nisuque immotus eodem Then Aeneas, their leader, would not allow the wrath to continue corpore tela modo atque oculis vigilantibus exit. longer, nor Entellus to rage with such bitterness of spirit, Ille velut celsam oppugnat qui molibus urbem but put an end to the contest, and rescued the weary Dares, aut montana sedet circum castella sub armis speaking gently to him with these words: nunc hos nunc illos aditus omnemque pererrat ÍUnlucky man, why let such savagery depress your spirits? arte locum et variis adsultibus inritus urguet. DonÌt you see another has the power: the gods have changed sides? Ostendit dextram insurgens Entellus et alte Yield to the gods.Î He spoke and, speaking, broke up the fight. extulit: ille ictum venientem a vertice velox But DareÌs loyal friends led him away to the ships, praevidit celerique elapsus corpore cessit. his weakened knees collapsing, his head swaying from side to side, Entellus vires in ventum effudit et ultro spitting out clots of blood from his mouth, teeth amongst them. ipse gravis graviterque ad terram pondere vasto Called back they accept the helmet and sword, concidit ut quondam cava concidit aut Erymantho leaving the winnerÌs palm and the bullock for Entellus. aut Ida in magna radicibus eruta pinus. At this the victor exultant in spirit and glorying in the bullock, Consurgunt studiis Teucri et Trinacria pubes; said: ÍSon of the Goddess, and all you Trojans, it clamor caelo primusque accurrit Acestes know now what physical strength I had in my youth, aequaevumque ab humo miserans attollit amicum. and from what fate youÌve recalled and rescued Dares.Î At non tardatus casu neque territus heros He spoke and planted himself opposite the bullock, acrior ad pugnam redit ac vim suscitat ira. still standing there as prize for the bout, then, drawing back Tum pudor incendit vires et conscia virtus his right fist, aimed the hard glove between the horns praecipitemque Daren ardens agit aequore toto and broke its skull scattering the brains: the ox nunc dextra ingeminans ictus nunc ille sinistra; fell quivering to the ground, stretched out lifeless. nec mora nec requies: quam multa grandine nimbi Standing over it he poured these words from his chest: culminibus crepitant sic densis ictibus heros ÍEryx, I offer you this, the better animal, for DaresÌs life: creber utraque manu pulsat versatque Dareta. the winner here, I relinquish the gloves and my art.Î Tum pater Aeneas procedere longius iras et saevire animis Entellum haud passus acerbis; Immediately Aeneas invites together all who might wish sed finem imposuit pugnae fessumque Dareta to compete with their swift arrows, and sets out the prizes. eripuit mulcens dictis ac talia fatur: With a large company he raises a mast from SerestusÌs ship, 'Infelix quae tanta animum dementia cepit? and ties a fluttering dove, at which they can aim Non vires alias conversaque numina sentis? their shafts, to a cord piercing the high mast. Cede deo.' Dixitque et proelia voce diremit. The men gather and a bronze helmet receives the lots Ast illum fidi aequales genua aegra trahentem tossed into it: the first of them all to be drawn, iactantemque utroque caput crassumque cruorem to cheers of support, is Hippocoon son of Hyrtaces, ore eiectantem mixtosque in sanguine dentes followed by Mnestheus, the winner of the boat race ducunt ad naves; galeamque ensemque vocati a while ago: Mnestheus crowned with green olive. accipiunt; palmam Entello taurumque relinquunt. EurytionÌs the third, your brother, O famous Pandorus, Hic victor superans animis tauroque superbus: who, ordered to wreck the treaty, in the past, 'Nate dea vosque haec' inquit 'cognoscite Teucri was the first to hurl his spear amongst the Greeks. et mihi quae fuerint iuvenali in corpore vires Acestes is the last name out from the depths of the helmet, et qua servetis revocatum a morte Dareta.' daring to try his own hand at the youthful contest. Dixit et adversi contra stetit ora iuvenci Then they take arrows from their quivers, and, each man qui donum adstabat pugnae durosque reducta for himself, with vigorous strength, bends the bow into an arc, libravit dextra media inter cornua caestus and first through the air from the twanging string arduus effractoque inlisit in ossa cerebro. the son of HyrcanusÌs shaft, cutting the swift breeze, sternitur exanimisque tremens procumbit humi bos. reaches the mark, and strikes deep into the mast. Ille super tales effundit pectore voces: The mast quivered, the bird fluttered its wings in fear, 'Hanc tibi Eryx meliorem animam pro morte Daretis and there was loud applause from all sides. persolvo; hic victor caestus artemque repono.' Then Mnestheus eagerly took his stand with bent bow, aiming high, his arrow notched level with his eyes. Protinus Aeneas celeri certare sagitta But to his dismay he was not able to hit the bird invitat qui forte velint et praemia ponit herself with the shaft, but broke the knots of hemp cord ingentique manu malum de nave Seresti that tied her foot as it hung from the mast: erigit et volucrem traiecto in fune columbam she fled to the north wind and the dark clouds, in flight. quo tendant ferrum malo suspendit ab alto. Then Eurytion who had been holding his bow ready, with drawn Convenere viri deiectamque aerea sortem arrow for some time, called on his brother to note his vow, accepit galea; et primus clamore secundo quickly eyed the dove, enjoying the freedom of the skies, Hyrtacidae ante omnes exit locus Hippocoontis; and transfixed her, as she beat her wings beneath a dark cloud. quem modo navali Mnestheus certamine victor She dropped lifeless, leaving her spirit with the starry heavens, consequitur viridi Mnestheus evinctus oliva. and, falling, brought back to earth the shaft that pierced her. Tertius Eurytion tuus o clarissime Acestes alone remained: the prize was lost: Pandare qui quondam iussus confundere foedus yet he still shot his arrow high into the air, in medios telum torsisti primus Achivos. showing an older manÌs skill, the bow twanging. Then Extremus galeaque ima subsedit Acestes a sudden wonder appeared before their eyes, destined to be ausus et ipse manu iuvenum temptare laborem. of great meaning: the time to come unveiled its crucial outcome, Tum validis flexos incurvant viribus arcus and great seers of the future celebrated it as an omen. pro se quisque viri et depromunt tela pharetris. The arrow, flying through the passing clouds, caught fire Primaque per caelum nervo stridente sagitta marked out its path with flames, then vanished into thin air, Hyrtacidae iuvenis volucres diverberat auras; as shooting stars, loosed from heaven often transit et venit adversique infigitur arbore mali. the sky, drawing their tresses after them. Astonished, Intremuit malus timuitque exterrita pennis the Trinacrians and Trojans stood rooted to the spot, ales et ingenti sonuerunt omnia plausu. praying to the gods: nor did their great leader Aeneas Post acer Mnestheus adducto constitit arcu reject the sign, but embracing the joyful Acestes, alta petens pariterque oculos telumque tetendit. loaded him with handsome gifts and spoke as follows: Ast ipsam miserandus avem contingere ferro ÍTake these, old man: since the high king of Olympus shows, non valuit: nodos et vincula linea rupit by these omens, that he wishes you to take extraordinary honours. quis innexa pedem malo pendebat ab alto: You shall have this gift, owned by aged Anchises himself, illa notos atque alta volans in nubila fugit. a bowl engraved with figures, that Cisseus of Thrace Tum rapidus iamdudum arcu contenta parato once long ago gave Anchises my father as a memento tela tenens fratrem Eurytion in Pota vocavit of himself, and as a pledge of his friendship.Î iam vacuo laetam caelo speculatus et alis So saying he wreathed his brow with green laurel plaudentem nigra figit sub nube columbam. and proclaimed Acestes the highest victor among them all. Decidit exanimis vitamque reliquit in astris Nor did good Eurytion begrudge the special prize, aetheriis fixamque refert delapsa sagittam. though he alone brought the bird down from the sky. Next he who cut the cord stepped forward for his reward, Amissa solus palma superabat Acestes; and lastly he whoÌs swift shaft had transfixed the mast. qui tamen aerias telum contendit in auras ostentans artemque pater arcumque sonantem. Hic oculis subito obicitur magnoque futurum augurio monstrum; docuit post exitus ingens But before the match is complete Aeneas the leader seraque terrifici cecinerunt omina vates. calls Epytides to him, companion and guardian Namque volans liquidis in nubibus arsit harundo of young Iulus, and speaks into his loyal ear: signavitque viam flammis tenuisque recessit ÍOff! Go! Tell Ascanius, if he has his troop of boys consumpta in ventos caelo ceu saepe refixa ready with him, and is prepared for the horse-riding transcurrunt crinemque volantia sidera ducunt. to show himself with his weapons, and lead them out Attonitis haesere animis superosque precati in honour of his grandfather.Î He himself orders the whole Trinacrii Teucrique viri; nec maximus omen crowd of people to leave the lengthy circuit, emptying the field. abnuit Aeneas; sed laetum amplexus Acesten The boys arrive, and glitter together on their bridled horses muneribus cumulat magnis ac talia fatur: under their fathersÌ gaze, and the men of Troy 'Sume pater; nam te voluit rex magnus Olympi and Sicily murmur in admiration as they go by. talibus auspiciis exsortem ducere honores. They all have their hair properly circled by a cut garland: Ipsius Anchisae longaevi hoc munus habebis they each carry two cornel-wood spears tipped with steel, cratera impressum signis quem Thracius olim some have shining quivers on their shoulders: a flexible Anchisae genitori in magno munere Cisseus torque of twisted gold sits high on their chests around the neck. ferre sui dederat monumentum et pignus amoris.' The troops of horse are three in number, and three leaders Sic fatus cingit viridanti tempora lauro ride ahead: two groups of six boys follow each, et primum ante omnes victorem appellat Acesten. commanded alike and set out in gleaming ranks. Nec bonus Eurytion praelato invidit honori One line of youths is led joyfully by little Priam, quamvis solus avem caelo deiecit ab alto. recalling his grandfatherÌs name, your noble child, Proximus ingreditur donis qui vincula rupit; Polites, seed of the Italians: whom a piebald extremus volucri qui fixit arundine malum. Thracian horse carries, showing white pasterns as it steps, and a high white forehead. At pater Aeneas nondum certamine misso Next is Atys, from whom the Latin Atii trace their line, custodem ad sese comitemque impubis Iuli little Atys, a boy loved by the boy Iulus. Epytiden vocat et fidam sic fatur ad aurem: Last, and most handsome of all in appearance, 'Vade age et Ascanio si iam puerile paratum Iulus himself rides a Sidonian horse, that radiant Dido agmen habet secum cursusque instruxit equorum had given him as a remembrance of herself, ducat avo turmas et sese ostendat in armis and a token of her love. The rest of the youths dic' ait. Ipse omnem longo decedere circo ride the Sicilian horses of old Acestes. infusum populum et campos iubet esse patentes. The Trojans greet the shy lads with applause, and delight Incedunt pueri pariterque ante ora parentum in gazing at them, seeing their ancient families in their faces. frenatis lucent in equis quos omnis euntes When they have ridden happily round the whole assembly Trinacriae mirata fremit Troiaeque iuventus. under the eyes of their kin, Epytides with a prolonged cry omnibus in morem tonsa coma pressa corona; gives the agreed signal and cracks his whip. cornea bina ferunt praefixa hastilia ferro; They gallop apart in two equal detachments, the three pars levis umero pharetras; it pectore summo groups parting company, and dissolving their columns, flexilis obtorti per collum circulus auri. then, recalled, they wheel round, and charge with level lances. Tres equitum numero turmae ternique vagantur Then they perform other figures and counter-figures ductores: pueri bis seni quemque secuti in opposing ranks, and weave in circles inside counter-circles, agmine partito fulgent paribusque magistris. and perform a simulated battle with weapons. Una acies iuvenum ducit quam parvus ovantem Now their backs are exposed in flight, now they turn nomen avi referens Priamus ---tua clara Polite their spears to charge, now ride side by side in peace. progenies auctura Italos ---quem Thracius albis Like the Labyrinth in mountainous Crete, they say, portat equus bicolor maculis vestigia primi that contained a path winding between blind walls, alba pedis frontemque ostentans arduus albam. wandering with guile through a thousand turnings, Alter Atys genus unde Atii duxere Latini so that undetected and irretraceable errors parvus Atys pueroque puer dilectus Iulo. might foil any guidelines that might be followed: Extremus formaque ante omnis pulcher Iulus so the Trojan children twine their steps in just such a pattern, Sidonio est invectus equo quem candida Dido weaving battle and flight, in their display, like dolphins esse sui dederat monumentum et pignus amoris. swimming through the ocean streams, cutting the Carpathian Cetera Trinacrii pubes senioris Acestae and Lybian waters, and playing among the waves. fertur equis. Ascanius first revived this kind of riding, and this contest, Excipiunt plausu pavidos gaudentque tuentes when he encircled Alba Longa with walls, and taught the Early Dardanidae veterumque adgnoscunt ora parentum. Latins to celebrate it in the way he and the Trojan youth Postquam omnem laeti consessum oculosque suorum had done together: the Albans taught their children: mighty Rome lustravere in equis signum clamore paratis received it from them in turn, and preserved the ancestral rite: Epytides longe dedit insonuitque flagello. and today the boys are called ËTroyÌ and their procession ËTrojanÌ. Olli discurrere pares atque agmina terni So the games are completed celebrating AeneasÌs sacred father. diductis solvere choris rursusque vocati convertere vias infestaque tela tulere. Inde alios ineunt cursus aliosque recursus Here Fortune first alters, switching loyalties. While they, adversi spatiis alternosque orbibus orbes with their various games, are paying due honours to the tomb, impediunt pugnaeque cient simulacra sub armis; Saturnian Juno sends Iris down from the sky to the Trojan fleet, et nunc terga fuga nudant nunc spicula vertunt breathing out a breeze for her passage, thinking deeply infensi facta pariter nunc pace feruntur. about her ancient grievance which is yet unsatisfied. Ut quondam Creta fertur Labyrinthus in alta Iris, hurrying on her way along a rainbowÌs thousand colours parietibus textum caecis iter ancipitemque speeds swiftly down her track, a girl unseen. mille viis habuisse dolum qua signa sequendi She views the great crowd, and scans the shore, falleret indeprensus et inremeabilis error; sees the harbour deserted, and the ships abandoned. haud alio Teucrum nati vestigia cursu But far away on the lonely sands the Trojan women impediunt texuntque fugas et proelia ludo are weeping AnchisesÌs loss, and all, weeping, gaze delphinum similes qui per maria umida nando at the deep ocean. ÍAh, what waves and seas are still left Carpathium Libycumque secant [luduntque per undas.] for weary folk!Î They are all of one voice. They pray for Hunc morem cursus atque haec certamina primus a city: they tire of enduring suffering on the waves. Ascanius Longam muris cum cingeret Albam So Iris, not ignorant of mischief, darts among them, rettulit et priscos docuit celebrare Latinos setting aside the appearance and robes of a goddess: quo puer ipse modo secum quo Troia pubes; becoming Beroe, the old wife of Tmarian Doryclus, Albani docuere suos; hinc maxima porro who had once had family, sons, and a famous name. accepit Roma et patrium servavit honorem; and as such moves among the Trojan mothers, saying: Troiaque nunc pueri Troianum dicitur agmen. ÍO wretched ones, whom Greek hands failed to drag Hac celebrata tenus sancto certamina patri. to death in the war beneath our native walls! O unhappy people what fate does Fortune reserve for you? Hic primum fortuna fidem mutata novavit. The seventh summer is on the turn since TroyÌs destruction, Dum variis tumulo referunt sollemnia ludis and we endure the crossing of every sea and shore, so many inhospitable stones and stars, while we chase over the vast sea Irim de caelo misit Saturnia Iuno after an Italy that flees from us, tossing upon the waves. Iliacam ad classem ventosque adspirat eunti Here are the borders of our brother Eryx and our host Acestes: multa movens necdum antiquum saturata dolorem. what stops us building walls and granting our citizens a city? Illa viam celerans per mille coloribus arcum O fatherland, O gods of our houses, rescued from the enemy nulli visa cito decurrit tramite virgo. in vain, will no city now be called Troy? Shall I see Conspicit ingentem concursum et litora lustrat nowhere a Xanthus or a Simois, HectorÌs rivers? desertosque videt portus classemque relictam. Come now, and burn these accursed ships with me. At procul in sola secretae Troades acta For the ghost of Cassandra, the prophetess, seemed to hand me amissum Anchisen flebant cunctaeque profundum burning torches in dream: ËSeek Troy here: here is pontum adspectabant flentes. 'Heu tot vada fessis your homeÌ she said. Now is the time for deeds, et tantum superesse maris!' vox omnibus una. not delay, given such portents. See, four altars to Neptune: Urbem orant; taedet pelagi perferre laborem. the god himself lends us fire and the courage.Î Ergo inter medias sese haud ignara nocendi So saying she first of all firmly seizes the dangerous flame conicit et faciemque deae vestemque reponit; and, straining to lift it high, brandishes it, and hurls it. fit Beroe Tmarii coniunx longaeva Dorycli The minds of the Trojan women are startled, and their wits cui genus et quondam nomen natique fuissent; stunned. Here, one of the crowd, Pyrgo, the eldest, ac sic Dardanidum mediam se matribus infert: the royal nurse of so many of PriamÌs sons, says: 'O miserae quas non manus' inquit 'Achaica bello ÍThis is not Beroe, you women, this is no wife traxerit ad letum patriae sub moenibus! O gens of Rhoetitian Doryclus: look at the signs of divine beauty infelix cui te exitio Fortuna reservat? and the burning eyes, the spirit she possesses, Septuma post Troiae exscidium iam vertitur aestas her form, the sound of her voice, her footsteps as she moves. eum freta cum terras omnes tot inhospita saxa Just now I myself left Beroe, sick and unhappy, that she alone sideraque emensae ferimur dum per mare magnum was missing so important a rite and could not pay Anchises Italiam sequimur fugientem et volvimur undis. the offerings due to him.Î So she speaks. At first the women Hic Erycis fines fraterni atque hospes Acestes: gaze in uncertainty at the ships, with angry glances, quis prohibet muros iacere et dare civibus urbem? torn between a wretched yearning for the land O patria et rapti nequiquam ex hoste Penates they have reached, and the kingdom fate calls them to, nullane iam Troiae dicentur moenia? Nusquam when the goddess, climbs the sky on soaring wings, Hectoreos amnes Xanthum et Simoenta videbo? cutting a giant rainbow in her flight through the clouds. Quin agite et mecum infaustas exurite puppes. Then truly amazed at the wonder, and driven by madness, Nam mihi Cassandrae per somnum vatis imago they cry out and some snatch fire from the innermost hearths, ardentes dare visa faces: ''Hic quaerite Troiam; others strip the altars, and throw on leaves and twigs hic domus est'' inquit ''vobis.'' Iam tempus agi res and burning brands. Fire rages unchecked among uec tantis mora prodigiis. En quattuor arae the benches, and oars, and the hulls of painted pine. Neptuno; deus ipse faces animumque ministrat.' Haec memorans prima infensum vi corripit ignem sublataque procul dextra conixa coruscat Eumelus carries the news of the burning ships to AnchisesÌs tomb et iacit: arrectae mentes stupefactaque corda and the ranks of the ampitheatre, and looking behind them Iliadum. Hic una e multis quae maxima natu they themselves see dark ash floating upwards in a cloud. Pyrgo tot Priami natorum regia nutrix: Ascanius is first to turn his horse eagerly towards the troubled 'Non Beroe vobis non haec Rhoeteia matres encampment, as joyfully as he led his galloping troop, est Dorycli coniunx; divini signa decoris and his breathless guardians cannot reign him back. ardentesque notate oculos; qui spiritus illi ÍWhat new madness is this? He cries. ÍWhat now, what do you qui voltus vocisque sonus vel gressus eunti. aim at, wretched women? YouÌre burning your own hopes Ipsa egomet dudum Beroen digressa reliqui not the enemy, nor a hostile Greek camp. See I am aegram indignantem tali quod sola careret your Ascanius!Î And he flung his empty helmet in front of his feet, munere nec meritos Anchisae inferet honores.' that heÌd worn as heÌd inspired his pretence of battle in play. Haec effata. Aeneas hurries there too, and the Trojan companies. At matres primo ancipites oculisque malignis But the women scatter in fear here and there along the shore, ambiguae spectare rates miserum inter amorem and stealthily head for the woods and any cavernous rocks: praesentis terrae fatisque vocantia regna they hate what theyÌve done and the light, with sober minds cum dea se paribus per caelum sustulit alis they recognise their kin, and Juno is driven from their hearts. ingentemque fuga secuit sub nubibus arcum. But the roaring flames donÌt lose their indomitable fury Tum vero attonitae monstris actaeque furore just for that: the pitch is alight under the wet timbers, conclamant rapiuntque focis penetralibus ignem; slowly belching smoke, the keel is gradually burned, pars spoliant aras frondem ac virgulta facesque and the pestilence sinks through a whole hull, coniciunt. Furit immissis Volcanus habenis nor are heroic strength or floods of water any use. transtra per et remos et pictas abiete puppes. Then virtuous Aeneas tears the clothes from his chest, and calls on the gods for help, lifting his hands: Nuntius Anchisae ad tumulum cuneosque theatri ÍAll-powerful Jupiter, if you donÌt hate the Trojans incensas perfert naves Eumelus et ipsi to a man, if your former affection has regard respiciunt atram in nimbo volitare favillam. for human suffering, let the fleet escape the flames now, Primus et Ascanius cursus ut laetus equestres Father, and save our slender Trojan hopes from ruin: ducebat sic acer equo turbata petivit or if I deserve this, send what is left of us to death with your castra nec exanimes possunt retinere magistri. angry lightning-bolt, and overwhelm us with your hand.Î 'Quis furor iste novus? Quo nunc quo tenditis' inquit He had barely spoken, when a dark storm with pouring rain 'heu miserae cives? Non hostem inimicaque castra rages without check and the high hills and plains Argivum vestras spes uritis. En ego vester quake with thunder: a murky downpour falls Ascanius!' Galeam ante pedes proiecit inanem from the whole sky, the blackest of heavy southerlies, qua ludo indutus belli simulacra ciebat; and the ships are brimming, the half-burnt timbers soaked, accelerat simul Aeneas simul agmina Teucrum. until all the heat is quenched, and all the hulls Ast illae diversa metu per litora passim except four, are saved from the pestilence. diffugiunt silvasque et sicubi concava furtim saxa petunt; piget incepti lucisque suosque mutatae adgnoscunt excussaque pectore Iuno est. But Aeneas, the leader, stunned by the bitter blow, pondered his great worries, turning them this way Sed non idcirco flammae atque incendia vires and that in his mind. Should he settle in SicilyÌs fields, indomitas posuere; udo sub robore vivit forgetting his destiny, or strike out for Italian shores? stuppa vomens tardum fumum lentusque carinas Then old Nautes, whom alone Tritonian Pallas had taught, est vapor et toto descendit corpore pestis and rendered famous for his great skill (she gave him nec vires heroum infusaque flumina prosunt. answers, telling what the great godsÌ anger portended, Tum pius Aeneas umeris abscindere vestem or what the course of destiny demanded), auxilioque vocare deos et tendere palmas: began to solace Aeneas with these words: 'Iuppiter omnipotens si nondum exosus ad unum ÍSon of the Goddess, let us follow wherever fate ebbs or flows, Troianos si quid pietas antiqua labores whatever comes, every fortune may be conquered by endurance. respicit humanos da flammam evadere classi You have Trojan Acestes of the line of the gods: nunc Pater et tenues Teucrum res eripe leto. let him share your decisions and be a willing partner, Vel tu quod superest infesto fulmine morti entrust to him those who remain from the lost ships, si mereor demitte tuaque hic obrue dextra.' and those tired of your great venture and your affairs: Vix haec ediderat cum effusis imbribus atra Select also aged men and women exhausted by the sea, tempestas sine more furit tonitruque tremescunt and anyone with you who is frail, or afraid of danger, ardua terrarum et campi; ruit aethere toto and let the weary have their city in this land: turbidus imber aqua densisque nigerrimus austris; and if agreed they will call it by AcestesÌs name.Î implenturque super puppes; semiusta madescunt Then roused by such words from an aged friend, robora; restinctus donec vapor omnis et omnes AeneasÌs heart was truly torn between so many cares. quattuor amissis servatae a peste carinae. And now black Night in her chariot, borne upwards, occupied the heavens: and the likeness of his father Anchises At pater Aeneas casu concussus acerbo seemed to glide down from the sky, and speak so: nunc huc ingentes nunc illuc pectore curas ÍSon, dearer to me than life, when life remained, mutabat versans Siculisne resideret arvis my son, troubled by TroyÌs fate, I come here oblitus fatorum Italasne capesseret oras. at JoveÌs command, he who drove the fire from the ships, Tum senior Nautes unum Tritonia Pallas and at last takes pity on you from high heaven. quem docuit multaque insignem reddidit arte Follow the handsome advice that old Nautus gives: haec responsa dabat vel quae portenderet ira take chosen youth, and the bravest hearts, to Italy. magna deum vel quae fatorum posceret ordo; In Latium you must subdue a tough race, harshly trained. isque his Aenean solatus vocibus infit: Yet, first, go to the infernal halls of Dis, and in deep 'Nate dea quo fata trahunt retrahuntque sequamur; Avernus seek a meeting with me, my son. For impious quidquid erit superanda omnis fortuna ferendo est. Tartarus, with its sad shades, does not hold me, Est tibi Dardanius divinae stirpis Acestes: I live in Elysium, and the lovely gatherings of the blessed. hunc cape consiliis socium et coniunge volentem; Here the chaste Sibyl will bring you, with much blood of huic trade amissis superant qui navibus et quos black sheep. Then youÌll learn all about your race, pertaesum magni incepti rerumque tuarum est; and the city granted you. Now: farewell. Dew-wet Night longaevosque senes ac fessas aequore matres turns mid-course, and cruel Morning, with panting steeds, et quidquid tecum invalidum metuensque pericli est breathes on me.Î He spoke and fled like smoke into thin air. delige et his habeant terris sine moenia fessi: ÍWhere are you rushing to? Aeneas cried, ÍWhere are you urbem appellabunt permisso nomine Acestam.' hurrying? Who do you flee? Who bars you from my embrace?Î So saying he revived the embers of the slumbering fires, and Talibus incensus dictis senioris amici paid reverence, humbly, with sacred grain and a full censer, tum vero in curas animo diducitur omnes. to the Trojan Lar, and the inner shrine of white-haired Vesta. Et nox atra polum bigis subvecta tenebat: visa dehinc caelo facies delapsa parentis Anchisae subito tales effundere voces: Immediately he summoned his companions, Acestes first of all, 'Nate mihi vita quondam dum vita manebat and told them of JoveÌs command, and his dear fatherÌs counsel, care magis nate Iliacis exercite fatis and the decision he had reached in his mind. There was little delay imperio Iovis huc venio qui classibus ignem in their discussions, and Acestes did not refuse to accept his orders. depulit et caelo tandem miseratus ab alto est. They transferred the women to the new cityÌs roll, and settled Consiliis pare quae nunc pulcherrima Nautes there those who wished, spirits with no desire for great glory. dat senior; lectos iuvenes fortissima corda They themselves, thinned in their numbers, but with manhood defer in Italiam; gens dura atque aspera cultu fully alive to war, renewed the rowing benches, and replaced debellanda tibi Latio est. Ditis tamen ante the timbers of the ships burnt by fire, and fitted oars and rigging. infernas accede domos et Averna per alta Meanwhile Aeneas marked out the city limits with a plough congressus pete nate meos. Non me impia namque and allocated houses: he declared that this was Ilium Tartara habent tristes umbrae sed amoena piorum and this place Troy. Acestes the Trojan revelled in his kingdom, concilia Elysiumque colo. Huc casta Sibylla appointed a court, and gave out laws to the assembled senate. nigrarum multo pecudum te sanguine ducet: Then a shrine of Venus of Idalia was dedicated, tum genus omne tuum et quae dentur moenia disces. close to the stars, on the tip of Eryx, and they added Iamque vale: torquet medios Nox humida cursus a stretch of sacred grove, and a priest, to AnchisesÌs tomb. et me saevus equis Oriens adflavit anhelis.' When all the people had feasted for nine days, and offerings Dixerat et tenuis fugit ceu fumus had been made at the altars, gentle winds calmed the waves Aeneas 'Quo deinde ruis quo proripis?' inquit and a strong Southerly called them again to sea. 'Quem fugis aut quis te nostris complexibus arcet?' A great weeping rose along the curving shore: Haec memorans cinerem et sopitos suscitat ignes a day and a night they clung together in delay. Pergameumque Larem et canae penetralia Vestae Now the women themselves, to whom the face of the ocean farre pio et plena supplex veneratur acerra. had once seemed cruel, and its name intolerable, wish to go and suffer all the toils of exile. Extemplo socios primumque arcessit Acesten Good Aeneas comforts them with kind words et Iovis imperium et cari praecepta parentis and commends them to his kinsman Acestes with tears. edocet et quae nunc animo sententia constet. Then he orders three calves to be sacrificed to Eryx, Haud mora consiliis nec iussa recusat Acestes. a lamb to the Storm-gods, and for the hawsers to be duly freed. Transcribunt urbi matres populumque volentem He himself, standing some way off on the prow, his brow deponunt animos nil magnae laudis egentes. wreathed with leaves of cut olive, holds a cup, throws the entrails Ipsi transtra novant flammisque ambesa reponunt into the salt waves, and pours out the clear wine. robora navigiis aptant remosque rudentesque A wind, rising astern, follows their departure: his friends exigui numero sed bello vivida virtus. in rivalry, strike the waves, and sweep the waters. Interea Aeneas urbem designat aratro sortiturque domos; hoc Ilium et haec loca Troiam esse iubet. Gaudet regno Troianus Acestes But meanwhile Venus, tormented by anxiety speaks indicitque forum et patribus dat iura vocatis. to Neptune, and pours out her complaints in this manner: Tum vicina astris Erycino in vertice sedes ÍO Neptune, JunoÌs heavy anger, and her implacable fundatur Veneri Idaliae tumuloque sacerdos heart, force me to descend to every kind of prayer, ac lucus late sacer additur Anchiseo. she whom no length of time nor any piety can move, nor does she rest, unwearied by fate or JoveÌs commands. Iamque dies epulata novem gens omnis et aris ItÌs not enough that in her wicked hatred sheÌs consumed a city, factus honos: placidi straverunt aequora venti at the heart of Phrygia, and dragged the survivors of Troy creber et adspirans rursus vocat Auster in altum. through extremes of punishment: she pursues the bones and ashes Exoritur procurva ingens per litora fletus; of the slaughtered. She alone knows the reason for such fury. complexi inter se noctemque diemque morantur. You yourself are witness to the trouble she stirred lately Ipsae iam matres ipsi quibus aspera quondam in Libyan waters: she confused the whole sea visa maris facies et non tolerabile nomen with the sky, daring to do this within your realm, ire volunt omnemque fugae perferre laborem. relying vainly on AeolusÌs violent storm-winds. Quos bonus Aeneas dictis solatur amicis See, how, rousing the Trojan women, in her wickedness, et consanguineo lacrimans commendat Acestae. and disgracefully, she has burnt their fleet, and, with ships lost, Tris Eryci vitulos et Tempestatibus agnam to leave their friends behind on an unknown shore. caedere deinde iubet solvique ex ordine funem. I beg you to let the rest sail safely through your seas, Ipse caput tonsae foliis evinctus olivae let them reach Laurentine Tiber, if I ask stans procul in prora pateram tenet extaque salsos what is allowed, if the Fates grant them their city.Î proiicit in fluctus ac vina liquentia fundit. Then the son of Saturn, the master of the deep oceans, Prosequitur surgens a puppi ventus euntes. said this: ÍYouÌve every right to trust in my realms, Cytherea, Certatim socii feriunt mare et aequora verrunt. from which you draw your own origin. Also IÌve earned it: IÌve often controlled the rage and fury of sea and sky. At Venus interea Neptunum exercita curis Nor has my concern been less for your Aeneas on land adloquitur talesque effundit pectore questus: (I call Xanthus and Simois as witnesses). When Achilles Iunonis gravis ira nec exsaturabile pectus chased the Trojan ranks, in their panic, forcing them to the wall, cogunt me Neptune preces descendere in omnes; and sent many thousands to death, and the rivers choked and quam nec longa dies pietas nec mitigat ulla groaned, and Xanthus could not find his course nec Iovis imperio fatisque infracta quiescit. or roll down to the sea, then it was I who caught up Aeneas Non media de gente Phrygum exedisse nefandis in a thick mist, as he met that brave son of Peleus, urbem odiis satis est nec poenam traxe per omnem: when neither the gods nor his own strength favoured him, reliquias Troiae cineres atque ossa peremptae though I longed to destroy the walls of lying Troy, insequitur: causas tanti sciat illa furoris. that my hands had built, from the ground up. Ipse mihi nuper Libycis tu testis in undis Now also my mind remains the same: dispel your fears. quam molem subito excierit: maria omnia caelo He will reach the harbours of Avernus, safely, as you ask. miscuit Aeoliis nequiquam freta procellis There will only be one, lost in the waves, whom you in regnis hoc ausa tuis. will look for: one life that will be given for the many.Î Per scelus ecce etiam Troianis matribus actis When he had soothed the goddessÌs heart, she joying at his words, exussit foede puppes et classe subegit Father Neptune yoked his wild horses with gold, set the bits amissa socios ignotae linquere terrae. in their foaming mouths, and, with both hands, gave them free rein. Quod superest oro liceat dare tuta per undas He sped lightly over the ocean in his sea-green chariot, vela tibi liceat Laurentem attingere Thybrim: the waves subsided and the expanse of swollen waters si concessa peto si dant ea moenia Parcae.' grew calm under the thunderous axle: Tum Saturnius haec domitor maris edidit alti: the storm-clouds vanished from the open sky. 'Fas omne est Cytherea meis te fidere regnis Then came his multi-formed followers, great whales, unde genus ducis: merui quoque; saepe furores GlaucusÌs aged band, Palaemon InoÌs son, compressi et rabiem tantam caelique marisque. the swift Tritons, and all of PhorcusÌs host: Nec minor in terris Xanthum Simoentaque testor the left hand taken by Thetis, Melite and virgin Panopea, Aeneae mihi cura tui. Cum Troia Achilles Nesaea, and Spio, Thalia, and Cymodoce. exanimata sequens impingeret agmina muris At this, soothing joy in turn pervaded father AeneasÌs milia multa daret leto gemerentque repleti anxious mind: he ordered all to raise their masts amnes nec reperire viam atque evolvere posset quickly, and the sails to be unfurled from the yard-arms. in mare se Xanthus Pelidae tunc ego forti Together they hauled on the ropes and let out the canvas as one, congressum Aenean nec dis nec viribus aequis now to port and now to starboard: together they swung nube cava rapui cuperem cum vertere ab imo the high yards about: benign winds drove the fleet along. structa meis manibus periurae moenia Troiae. Palinurus, first of them all, led the close convoy: Nunc quoque mens eadem perstat mihi: pelle timores. the rest were ordered to set their course by his. Tutus quos optas portus accedet Averni. Unus erit tantum amissum quem gurgite quaeres; unum pro multis dabitur caput.' And now dew-wet Night had just reached her zenith His ubi laeta deae permulsit pectora dictis in the sky: the sailors relaxed their limbs in quiet rest iungit equos auro genitor spumantiaque addit stretched out on the hard benches beneath the oars: frena feris manibusque omnes effundit habenas. when Sleep, gliding lightly down from the heavenly stars, Caeruleo per summa levis volat aequora curru; parted the gloomy air, and scattered the shadows, subsidunt undae tumidumque sub axe tonanti seeking you, bringing you dark dreams, Palinurus, sternitur aequor aquis; fugiunt vasto aethere nimbi. though you were innocent: the god settled on the high stern, Tum variae comitum facies immania cete appearing as Phorbas, and poured these words from his mouth: et senior Glauci chorus Inousque Palaemon ÍPalinurus, son of Iasus, the seas themselves steer the fleet, Tritonesque citi Phorcique exercitus omnis; the breezes blow steadily, this hour is granted for rest. laeva tenent Thetis et Melite Panopeaque virgo Lay down your head and rob your weary eyes of labour. Nisaee Spioque Thaliaque For a little while, I myself will take on your duty for you.Î Palinurus, barely lifting his gaze, spoke to him: Hic patris Aeneae suspensam blanda vicissim ÍDo you tell me to trust the seaÌs placid face, gaudia pertemptant mentem: iubet ocius omnes the calm waves? Shall I set my faith on this monster? attolli malos intendi brachia velis. Why should I entrust Aeneas to the deceptive breeze, Una omnes fecere pedem pariterque sinistros I whom a clear sky has deceived so often?Î nunc dextros solvere sinus; una ardua torquent So he spoke and clinging hard to the tiller cornua detorquentque; ferunt sua flamina classem. never relaxed his hold, and held his sight on the stars. Princeps ante omnes densum Palinurus agebat Behold, despite his caution, the god shook a branch, agmen; ad hunc alii cursum contendere iussi. wet with LetheÌs dew, soporific with StyxÌs power, Iamque fere mediam caeli Nox humida metam over his brow, and set free his swimming eyes. contigerat; placida laxabant membra quiete The first sudden drowse had barely relaxed his limbs, sub remis fusi per dura sedilia nautae: when Sleep leant above him and threw him headlong cum levis aetheriis delapsus Somnus ab astris into the clear waters, tearing away the tiller aera dimovit tenebrosum et dispulit umbras and part of the stern, he calling to his friends often, in vain: te Palinure petens while the god raised his wings in flight into the empty air. insonti; puppique deus consedit in alta The fleet sailed on its way over the sea, as safely as before, Phorbanti similis funditque has ore loquelas: gliding on, unaware, as father Neptune had promised. 'Iaside Palinure ferunt ipsa aequora classem; And now drawn onwards it was close to the SirensÌs cliffs, tricky aequatae spirant aurae; datur hora quieti. of old, and white with the bones of many men, (now the rocks, Pone caput fessosque oculos furare labori: far off, boomed loud with the unending breakers) when the leader ipse ego paulisper pro te tua munera inibo.' realised his ship was wallowing adrift, her helmsman lost, Cui vix attollens Palinurus lumina fatur: and he himself steered her through the midnight waters, 'Mene salis placidi voltum fluctusque quietos sighing deeply, and shocked at heart by his friendÌs fate: ignorare iubes? Mene huic confidere monstro? ÍOh, far too trustful of the calm sea, and the sky, Aenean credam quid enim fallacibus auris youÌll lie naked, Palinurus, on an unknown shore.Î et caelo totiens deceptus fraude sereni?' Talia dicta dabat clavumque affixus et haerens nusquam amittebat oculosque sub astra tenebat. So Aeneas spoke, weeping, gave his fleet full rein, and glided Ecce deus ramum Lethaeo rore madentem at last to the shores of Euboean Cumae. They turned vique soporatum Stygia super utraque quassat their prows to the sea, secured the shipsÌ anchors, tempora cunctantique natantia lumina solvit. by the grip of their flukes, and the curved boats Vix primos inopina quies laxaverat artus lined the beach. The youthful band leapt eagerly et super incumbens cum puppis parte revolsa to the Hesperian shore: some sought the means of fire cumque gubernaclo liquidas proiecit in undas contained in veins of flint, some raided the woods praecipitem ac socios nequiquam saepe vocantem; the dense coverts of game, pointing out streams they found. ipse volans tenues se sustulit ales ad auras. But pious Aeneas sought the summits, where Apollo Currit iter tutum non secius aequore classis rules on high, and the vast cavern nearby, the secret place promissisque patris Neptuni interrita fertur. of the terrifying Sibyl, in whom the Delian prophet Iamque adeo scopulos Sirenum advecta subibat inspires greatness of mind and spirit, and reveals the future. difficiles quondam multorumque ossibus albos Soon they entered the grove of Diana, and the golden house. tum rauca adsiduo longe sale saxa sonabant: Daedalus, so the story goes, fleeing from MinosÌs kingdom, cum pater amisso fluitantem errare magistro dared to trust himself to the air on swift wings, sensit et ipse ratem nocturnis rexit in undis and, gliding on unknown paths to the frozen North, multa gemens casuque animum concussus amici hovered lightly at last above the Chalcidian hill. 'O nimium caelo et pelago confise sereno First returning to earth here, he dedicated his oar-like wings nudus in ignota Palinure iacebis harena!' to you Phoebus, and built a gigantic temple. On the doors the Death of Androgeos: then the Athenians, SIC fatur lacrimans classique immittit habenas CrecropsÌs descendants, commanded, sadly, to pay annual tribute et tandem Euboicis Cumarum adlabitur oris. of seven of their sons: there the urn stands with the lots drawn. Obvertunt pelago proras; tum dente tenaci Facing it, rising from the sea, the Cretan land is depicted: ancora fundabat naves et litora curvae and here the bullÌs savage passion, PasiphaeÌs praetexunt puppes. Iuvenum manus emicat ardens secret union, and the Minotaur, hybrid offspring, litus in Hesperium; quaerit pars semina flammae that mixture of species, proof of unnatural relations: abstrusa in venis silicis pars densa ferarum the artwork here is that palace, and its inextricable maze: tecta rapit silvas inventaque flumina monstrat. and yet Daedalus himself, pitying the noble princess At pius Aeneas arces quibus altus Apollo AriadneÌs love, unravelled the deceptive tangle of corridors, praesidet horrendaeque procul secreta Sibyllae guiding TheseusÌs blind footsteps with the clue of thread. antrum immane petit magnum cui mentem animumque YouÌd have shared largely in such a work, Icarus, if grief Delius inspirat vates aperitque futura. had allowed, heÌd twice attempted to fashion your fate Iam subeunt Triviae lucos atque aurea tecta. in gold, twice your fatherÌs hands fell. Eyes would have read the whole continuously, if Achetes had not arrived Daedalus ut fama est fugiens Minoia regna from his errand, with Deiophobe, GlaucusÌs daughter, praepetibus pennis ausus se credere caelo the priestess of Phoebus and Diana, who spoke to the leader: insuetum per iter gelidas enavit ad Arctos ËThis moment doesnÌt require your sightseeing: it would Chalcidicaque levis tandem super adstitit arce. be better to sacrifice seven bullocks from a virgin herd, Redditus his primum terris tibi Phoebe and as many carefully chosen two-year old sheep.Ì remigium alarum posuitque immania templa. Having spoken to Aeneas in this way (without delay they sacrificed In foribus letum Androgeo: tum pendere poenas as ordered) the priestess called the Trojans to her high shrine. Cecropidae iussi---miserum!---septena quotannis The vast flank of the Euboean cliff is pitted with caves, corpora natorum; stat ductis sortibus urna. from which a hundred wide tunnels, a hundred mouths lead, Contra elata mari respondet Gnosia tellus: from which as many voices rush: the SibylÌs replies. hic crudelis amor tauri suppostaque furto They had come to the threshold, when the virgin cried out: Pasiphae mixtumque genus prolesque biformis ËIt is time to question the Oracle, behold, the god, the god!Ì Minotaurus inest Veneris monumenta nefandae; As she so spoke in front of the doors, suddenly neither her face hic labor ille domus et inextricabilis error; nor colour were the same, nor did her hair remain bound, magnum reginae sed enim miseratus amorem but her chest heaved, her heart swelled with wild frenzy, Daedalus ipse dolos tecti ambagesque resolvit she seemed taller, and sounded not-human, for now caeca regens filo vestigia. Tu quoque magnam the power of the god is closer. ËAre you slow with your partem opere in tanto sineret dolor Icare vows and prayers, Aeneas of Troy, are you slow?Ì Bis conatus erat casus effingere in auro; she cried. ËThe great lips of the House of Inspiration bis patriae cecidere manus. Quin protinus omnia will not open without.Ì And so saying she fell silent. perlegerent oculis ni iam praemissus Achates An icy shudder ran to the TrojansÌ very spines, adforet atque una Phoebi Triviaeque sacerdos and their leader poured out heartfelt prayers: Deiphobe Glauci fatur quae talia regi: 'Non hoc ista sibi tempus spectacula poscit; nunc grege de intacto septem mactare iuvencos ËPhoebus, you who always pitied TroyÌs intense suffering, praestiterit totidem lectas de more bidentes.' who guided the hand of Paris, and the Dardan arrow, Talibus adfata Aenean (nec sacra morantur against AchillesÌs body, with you as leader I entered iussa viri) Teucros vocat alta in templa sacerdos. all those seas, encircling vast lands, and penetrated the remote Massilian tribes and the fields edged by Syrtes: Excisum Euboicae latus ingens rupis in antrum now at last we have the coast of elusive Italy in our grasp: quo lati ducunt aditus centum ostia centum; TroyÌs ill fortune only followed us as far as here. unde ruunt totidem voces responsa Sibyllae. You too with justice can spare the Trojan race, and all you gods Ventum erat ad limen cum virgo. 'Poscere fata and goddesses to whom the great glory of Ilium and Dardania tempus' ait; 'deus ecce deus!' Cui talia fanti was an offence. O most sacred of prophetesses, ante fores subito non voltus non color unus you who see the future, (I ask for no lands not owed me non comptae mansere comae; sed pectus anhelum by my destiny) grant that we Trojans may settle Latium, et rabie fera corda tument; maiorque videri with the exiled gods and storm-tossed powers of Troy. nec mortale sonans adflata est numine quando Then IÌll dedicate a temple of solid marble to Phoebus iam propiore dei. 'Cessas in vota precesque and Diana Trivia, and sacred days in PhoebusÌs name. Tros' ait 'Aenea? Cessas? Neque enim ante dehiscent A noble inner shrine waits for you too in our kingdom. attonitae magna ora domus.' Et talia fata There, gracious one, I will place your oracles, and mystic conticuit. Gelidus Teucris per dura cucurrit utterances spoken to my people, and consecrate picked men. ossa tremor funditque preces rex pectore ab imo: Only do not write your verses on the leaves, lest they fly, 'Phoebe graves Troiae semper miserate labores disordered playthings of the rushing winds: chant them Dardana qui Paridis direxti tela manusque from your own mouth.Ì He put an end to his mouthÌs speaking. corpus in Aeacidae magnas obeuntia terras But the wild prophetess raged in her cavern, not yet tot maria intravi duce te penitusque repostas submitting to Phoebus, as if she might shake the great god Massylum gentes praetentaque Syrtibus arva from her spirit: yet he exhausted her raving mouth iam tandem Italiae fugientis prendimus oras; all the more, taming her wild heart, shaping her by constraint. hac Troiana tenus fuerit Fortuna secuta. And now the shrineÌs hundred mighty lips have opened Vos quoque Pergameae iam fas est parcere genti of themselves, and carry the seerÌs answer through the air: dique deaeque omnes quibus obstitit Ilium et ingens ËOh, you who are done with all the perils of the sea, gloria Dardaniae. Tuque O sanctissima vates (yet greater await you on land) the Trojans will come praescia venturi da non indebita posco to the realm of Lavinium (put that care from your heart): regna meis fatis Latio considere Teucros but will not enjoy their coming. War, fierce war, errantisque deos agitataque numina Troiae. I see: and the Tiber foaming with much blood. Tum Phoebo et Triviae solido de marmore templum You will not lack a Simois, a Xanthus, a Greek camp: instituam festosque dies de nomine Phoebi. even now another Achilles is born in Latium, Te quoque magna manent regnis penetralia nostris: he too the son of a goddess: nor will Juno, the TrojansÌ bane, hic ego namque tuas sortes arcanaque fata be ever far away, while you, humbled and destitute, dicta meae genti ponam lectosque sacrabo what races and cities of Italy will you not beg in! alma viros. Foliis tantum ne carmina manda Once again a foreign bride is the cause of all ne turbata volent rapidis ludibria ventis; these Trojan ills, once more an alien marriage. ipsa canas oro.' Finem dedit ore loquendi. Do not give way to misfortunes, meet them more bravely, as your destiny allows. The path of safety will open up At Phoebi nondum patiens immanis in antro for you from where you least imagine it, a Greek city.Ì bacchatur vates magnum si pectore possit excussisse deum; tanto magis ille fatigat os rabidum fera corda domans fingitque premendo. With such words, the Sibyl of Cumae chants fearful enigmas, Ostia iamque domus patuere ingentia centum from her shrine, echoing from the cave, sponte sua vatisque ferunt responsa per auras: tangling truths and mysteries: as she raves, Apollo 'O tandem magnis pelagi defuncte periclis! thrashes the reins, and twists the spur under her breast. Sed terrae graviora manent. In regna Lavini When the frenzy quietens, and the mad mouth hushes, Dardanidae venient; mitte hanc de pectore curam; Aeneas, the Hero, begins: ËO Virgin, no new, unexpected sed non et venisse volent. Bella horrida bella kind of suffering appears: IÌve foreseen them all et Thybrim multo spumantem sanguine cerno. and travelled them before, in my own spirit. Non Simois tibi nec Xanthus nec Dorica castra One thing I ask: for they say the gate of the King of Darkness defuerint; alius Latio iam partus Achilles is here, and the shadowy marsh, AcheronÌs overflow: natus et ipse dea; nec Teucris addita Iuno let me have sight of my dear father, his face: show me the way, usquam aberit; cum tu supplex in rebus egenis open wide the sacred doors. I saved him, brought him quas gentes Italum aut quas non oraveris urbes! out from the thick of the enemy, through the flames, Causa mali tanti coniunx iterum hospita Teucris on these shoulders, with a thousand spears behind me: externique iterum thalami. companion on my journey, he endured with me Tu ne cede malis sed contra audentior ito all the seas, all the threats of sky and ocean, weak, qua tua te Fortuna sinet. Via prima salutis beyond his power, and his allotted span of old age. quod minime reris Graia pandetur ab urbe.' He ordered me, with prayers, to seek you out, humbly, and approach your threshold: I ask you, kindly one, Talibus ex adyto dictis Cumaea Sibylla pity both father and son: since you are all power, not for horrendas canit ambages antroque remugit nothing has Hecate set you to rule the groves of Avernus. obscuris vera involvens: ea frena furenti If Orpheus could summon the shade of his wife, concutit et stimulos sub pectore vertit Apollo. relying on his Thracian lyre, its melodious strings: Ut primum cessit furor et rabida ora quierunt if Pollux, crossing that way, and returning, so often, incipit Aeneas heros: 'Non ulla laborum could redeem his brother by dying in turn Ä and great Theseus, O virgo nova mi facies inopinave surgit; what of him, or Hercules? Ä well, my race too is JupiterÌs on high.Ì omnia praecepi atque animo mecum ante peregi. With these words he prayed, and grasped the altar, Unum oro: quando hic inferni ianua regis as the priestess began to speak: ËTrojan son of Anchises, dicitur et tenebrosa palus Acheronte refuso sprung from the blood of the gods, the path to hell is easy: ire ad conspectum cari genitoris et ora black DisÌs door is open night and day: contingat; doceas iter et sacra ostia pandas. but to retrace your steps, and go out to the air above, Illum ego per flammas et mille sequentia tela that is work, that is the task. Some sons of the gods have done it, eripui his umeris medioque ex hoste recepi; whom favouring Jupiter loved, or whom burning virtue ille meum comitatus iter maria omnia mecum lifted to heaven. Woods cover all the middle part, atque omnes pelagique minas caelique ferebat and Cocytus is round it, sliding in dark coils. invalidus vires ultra sortemque senectae. But if such desire is in your mind, such a longing Quin ut te supplex peterem et tua limina adirem to sail the Stygian lake twice, and twice see Tartarus, idem orans mandata dabat. Gnatique patrisque and if it delights you to indulge in insane effort, alma precor miserere;---potes namque omnia listen to what you must first undertake. Hidden in a dark tree nequiquam lucis Hecate praefecit Avernis;--- is a golden bough, golden in leaves and pliant stem, si potuit Manes arcessere coniugis Orpheus sacred to Persephone, the underworldÌs Juno, all the groves Threicia fretus cithara fidibusque canoris shroud it, and shadows enclose the secret valleys. si fratrem Pollux alterna morte redemit But only one whoÌs taken a gold-leaved fruit from the tree itque reditque viam totiens. Quid Thesea magnum is allowed to enter earthÌs hidden places. quid memorem Alciden? Et mi genus ab Iove summo.' This lovely Proserpine has commanded to be brought to her as a gift: a second fruit of gold never fails to appear Talibus orabat dictis arasque tenebat when the first oneÌs picked, the twigÌs leafed with the same metal. cum sic orsa loqui vates: 'Sate sanguine divom So look for it up high, and when youÌve found it with your eyes, Tros Anchisiade facilis descensus Averno; take it, of right, in your hand: since, if the Fates have chosen you, noctes atque dies patet atri ianua Ditis; it will come away easily, freely of itself: otherwise you sed revocare gradum superasque evadere ad auras wonÌt conquer it by any force, or cut it with the sharpest steel. hoc opus hic labor est. Pauci quos aequus amavit And the inanimate body of your friend lies there Iuppiter aut ardens evexit ad aethera virtus (Ah! You do not know) and taints your whole fleet with death, dis geniti potuere. Tenent media omnia silvae while you seek advice and hang about our threshold. Cocytusque sinu labens circumvenit atro. Carry him first to his place and bury him in the tomb. Quod si tantus amor menti si tanta cupido est Lead black cattle there: let those be your first offerings of atonement. bis Stygios innare lacus bis nigra videre Only then can you look on the Stygian groves, and the realms Tartara et insano iuvat indulgere labori forbidden to the living.Ì She spoke and with closed lips fell silent. accipe quae peragenda prius. Latet arbore opaca aureus et foliis et lento vimine ramus Iunoni infernae dictus sacer; hunc tegit omnis Leaving the cave, Aeneas walked away, lucus et obscuris claudunt convallibus umbrae. with sad face and downcast eyes, turning their dark fate Sed non ante datur telluris operta subire over in his mind. Loyal Achates walked at his side auricomos quam quis decerpserit arbore fetus. and fashioned his steps with similar concern. Hoc sibi pulchra suum ferri Proserpina munus They engaged in intricate discussion between them, instituit. Primo avulso non deficit alter as to who the dead friend, the body to be interred, was, aureus et simili frondescit virga metallo. whom the priestess spoke of. And as they passed along Ergo alte vestiga oculis et rite repertum they saw Misenus, ruined by shameful death, on the dry sand, carpe manu; namque ipse volens facilisque sequetur Misenus, son of Aeolus, than whom none was more outstanding si te fata vocant; aliter non viribus ullis in rousing men with the war-trumpet, kindling conflict with music. vincere nec duro poteris convellere ferro. He was great HectorÌs friend: with Hector Praeterea iacet exanimum tibi corpus amici--- he went to battle, distinguished by his spear and trumpet. heu nescis---totamque incestat funere classem When victorious Achilles despoiled Hector of life, dum consulta petis nostroque in limine pendes. this most courageous hero joined the company Sedibus hunc refer ante suis et conde sepulchro. of Trojan Aeneas, serving no lesser a man. But when, Duc nigras pecudes; ea prima piacula sunto: by chance, he foolishly made the ocean sound sic demum lucos Stygis et regna invia vivis to a hollow conch-shell, and called gods to compete aspicies.' Dixit pressoque obmutuit ore. in playing, if the tale can be believed, Triton overheard him and drowned him in the foaming waves among the rocks. Aeneas maesto defixus lumina voltu So, with pious Aeneas to the fore, they all mourned ingreditur linquens antrum caecosque volutat round the body with loud clamour. Then, without delay, weeping, eventus animo secum. Cui fidus Achates they hurried to carry out the SibylÌs orders, and laboured to pile it comes et paribus curis vestigia figit. tree-trunks as a funeral pyre, raising it to the heavens. Multa inter sese vario sermone serebant They enter the ancient wood, the deep coverts of wild creatures: quem socium exanimem vates quod corpus humandum the pine-trees fell, the oaks rang to the blows of the axe, diceret. Atque illi Misenum in litore sicco ash trunks and fissile oak were split with wedges, ut venere vident indigna morte peremptum and they rolled large rowan trees down from the hills. Misenum Aeoliden quo non praestantior alter aere ciere viros Martemque accendere cantu. Hectoris hic magni fuerat comes Hectora circum Aeneas was no less active in such efforts, encouraging et lituo pugnas insignis obibat et hasta: his companions, and employing similar tools. postquam illum vita victor spoliavit Achilles And he turned things over in his own saddened mind, Dardanio Aeneae sese fortissimus heros gazing at the immense forest, and by chance prayed so: addiderat socium non inferiora secutus. ËIf only that golden bough would show itself to us Sed tum forte cava dum personat aequora concha now, on some such tree, among the woods! For the prophetess demens et cantu vocat in certamina divos spoke truly of you Misenus, alas, only too truly.Ì aemulus exceptum Triton si credere dignum est He had barely spoken when by chance a pair of doves inter saxa virum spumosa inmerserat unda. came flying down from the sky, beneath his very eyes, Ergo omnes magno circum clamore fremebant and settled on the green grass. Then the great hero knew praecipue pius Aeneas. Tum iussa Sibyllae they were his motherÌs birds, and prayed in his joy: haud mora festinant flentes aramque sepulchri ËO be my guides, if there is some way, and steer a course congerere arboribus caeloque educere certant. through the air, to that grove where the rich branch Itur in antiquam silvam stabula alta ferarum; casts its shadow on fertile soil. And you mother, O goddess, procumbunt piceae sonat icta securibus ilex donÌt fail me in time of doubt.Ì So saying he halted his footsteps, fraxineaeque trabes cuneis et fissile robur observing what signs the doves might give, and which direction scinditur advolvunt ingentis montibus ornos. they might take. As they fed they went forward in flight just as far as, following, his eyes could keep them in sight. Nec non Aeneas opera inter talia primus Then, when they reached the foul jaws of stinking Avernus, hortatur socios paribusque accingitur armis. they quickly rose and, gliding through the clear air, Atque haec ipse suo tristi cum corde volutat perched on the longed-for dual-natured tree, from which aspectans silvam inmensam et sic voce precatur: the alien gleam of gold shone out, among the branches. 'Si nunc se nobis ille aureus arbore ramus Just as mistletoe, that does not form a tree of its own, ostendat nemore in tanto quando omnia vere grows in the woods in the cold of winter, with a foreign leaf, heu nimium de te vates Misene locuta est.' and surrounds a smooth trunk with yellow berries: Vix ea fatus erat geminae cum forte columbae such was the vision of this leafy gold in the dark ipsa sub ora viri caelo venere volantes oak-tree, so the foil tinkled in the light breeze. et viridi sedere solo. Tum maximus heros Aeneas immediately plucked it, eagerly breaking the tough maternas agnoscit aves laetusque precatur: bough, and carried it to the cave of the Sibylline prophetess. 'Este duces O si qua via est Meanwhile, on the shore, the Trojans were weeping bitterly dirigite in lucos ubi pinguem dives opacat for Misenus and paying their last respects to his senseless ashes. ramus humum. Tuque O dubiis ne defice rebus First they raised a huge pyre, heavy with cut oak and pine, diva parens.' Sic effatus vestigia pressit weaving the sides with dark foliage, set funereal cypress in front, observans quae signa ferant quo tendere pergant. and decorated it above with shining weapons. Pascentes illae tantum prodire volando Some heated water, making the cauldrons boil on the flames, quantum acie possent oculi servare sequentum. and washed and anointed the chill corpse. They made lament. Inde ubi venere ad fauces grave olentis Averni Then, having wept, they placed his limbs on the couch, tollunt se celeres liquidumque per aera lapsae and threw purple robes over them, his usual dress. sedibus optatis geminae super arbore sidunt Some raised the great bier, a sad duty, discolor unde auri per ramos aura refulsit. and, with averted faces, set a torch below, Quale solet silvis brumali frigore viscum in ancestral fashion. Gifts were heaped on the flames, fronde virere nova quod non sua seminat arbos of incense, foodstuffs, bowls brimming with olive-oil. et croceo fetu teretis circumdare truncos When the ashes collapsed, and the blaze died, they washed talis erat species auri frondentis opaca the remains of the parched bones in wine, and Corynaeus, ilice sic leni crepitabat brattea vento. collecting the fragments, closed them in a bronze urn. Corripit Aeneas extemplo avidusque refringit Also he circled his comrades three times with pure water cunctantem et vatis portat sub tecta Sibyllae. to purify them, sprinkling fine dew from a full olive branch, and spoke the words of parting. And virtuous Aeneas Nec minus interea Misenum in litore Teucri heaped up a great mound for his tomb, with the heroÌs flebant et cineri ingrato suprema ferebant. own weapons, his trumpet and oar, beneath a high mountain Principio pinguem taedis et robore secto which is called Misenus now after him, and preserves ingentem struxere pyram cui frondibus atris his ever-living name throughout the ages. intexunt latera et ferales ante cupresios constituunt decorantque super fulgentibus armis. Pars calidos latices et aena undantia flammis This done, he quickly carried out the SibylÌs orders. expediunt corpusque lavant frigentis et unguunt. There was a deep stony cave, huge and gaping wide, Fit gemitus. Tum membra toro defleta reponunt sheltered by a dark lake and shadowy woods, purpureasque super vestes velamina nota over which nothing could extend its wings in safe flight, coniciunt. Pars ingenti subiere feretro since such a breath flowed from those black jaws, triste ministerium et subiectam more parentum and was carried to the over-arching sky, that the Greeks aversi tenuere facem. Congesta cremantur called it by the name Aornos, that is Avernus, or the Bird-less. turea dona dapes fuso crateres olivo. Here the priestess first of all tethered four black heifers, Postquam conlapsi cineres et flamma quievit poured wine over their foreheads, and placed reliquias vino et bibulam lavere favillam the topmost bristles that she plucked, growing ossaque lecta cado texit Corynaeus aeno. between their horns, in the sacred fire, as a first offering, Idem ter socios pura circumtulit unda calling aloud to Hecate, powerful in Heaven and Hell. spargens rore levi et ramo felicis olivae Others slit the victimÌs throats and caught the warm blood lustravitque viros dixitque novissima verba. in bowls. Aeneas himself sacrificed a black-fleeced lamb At pius Aeneas ingenti mole sepulcrum to Night, mother of the Furies, and Earth, her mighty sister, imponit suaque arma viro remumque tubamque and a barren heifer to you, Persephone. monte sub aerio qui nunc ''Misenus'' ab illo Then he kindled the midnight altars for the Stygian King, dicitur aeternumque tenet per saecula nomen. and placed whole carcasses of bulls on the flames, pouring rich oil over the blazing entrails. His actis propere exsequitur praecepta Sibyllae. See now, at the dawn light of the rising sun, Spelunca alta fuit vastoque immanis hiatu the ground bellowed under their feet, the wooded hills began scrupea tuta lacu nigro nemorumque tenebris to move, and, at the coming of the Goddess, dogs seemed to howl quam super haud ullae poterant impune volantes in the shadows. ËAway, stand far away, O you profane ones,Ì tendere iter pennis---talis sese halitus atris the priestess cried, Ëabsent yourselves from all this grove: faucibus effundens supera ad convexa ferebat: and you now, Aeneas, be on your way, and tear your sword [unde locum Grai dixerunt nomine Aornon.] from the sheathe: you need courage, and a firm mind, now.Ì quattuor hic primum nigrantis terga iuvencos So saying, she plunged wildly into the open cave: constituit frontique invergit vina sacerdos; he, fearlessly, kept pace with his vanishing guide. et summas carpens media inter cornua saetas ignibus imponit sacris libamina prima voce vocans Hecaten Caeloque Ereboque potentem. You gods, whose is the realm of spirits, and you, dumb shadows, Supponunt alii cultros tepidumque cruorem and Chaos, Phlegethon, wide silent places of the night, suscipiunt pateris. Ipse atri velleris agnam let me tell what I have heard: by your power, let me Aeneas matri Eumenidum magnaeque sorori reveal things buried in the deep earth, and the darkness. ense ferit sterilemque tibi. Proserpina vaccam. On they went, hidden in solitary night, through gloom, Tum Stygio regi nocturnas inchoat aras through DisÌs empty halls, and insubstantial kingdom, et solida imponit taurorum viscera flammis like a path through a wood, in the faint light pingue superque oleum infundens ardentibus extis. under a wavering moon, when Jupiter has buried the sky Ecce autem primi sub lumina solis et ortus in shadow, and black night has stolen the colour from things. sub pedibus mugire solum et iuga coepta moveri Right before the entrance, in the very jaws of Orcus, silvarum visaeque canes ululare per umbram Grief and vengeful Care have made their beds, adventante dea. 'Procul O procul este profani ' and pallid Sickness lives there, and sad Old Age, conclamat vates 'totoque absistite luco; and Fear, and persuasive Hunger, and vile Need, tuque invade viam vaginaque eripe ferrum: forms terrible to look on, and Death and Pain: nunc animis opus Aenea nunc pectore firmo.' then DeathÌs brother Sleep, and Evil Pleasure of the mind, Tantum effata furens antro se immisit aperto; and, on the threshold opposite, death-dealing War, ille ducem haud timidis vadentem passibus aequat. and the steel chambers of the Furies, and mad Discord, her snaky hair entwined with blood-wet ribbons. Di quibus imperium est animarum umbraeque silentes In the centre a vast shadowy elm spreads its aged trunks et Chaos et Phlegethon loca nocte tacentia late and branches: the seat, they say, that false Dreams hold, sit mihi fas audita loqui; sit numine vestro thronging, clinging beneath every leaf. pandere res alta terra et caligine mersas! And many other monstrous shapes of varied creatures, are stabled by the doors, Centaurs and bi-formed Scylla, Ibant obscuri sola sub nocte per umbram and hundred-armed Briareus, and the Lernean Hydra, perque domos Ditis vacuas et inania regna: hissing fiercely, and the Chimaera armed with flame, quale per incertam lunam sub luce maligna Gorgons, and Harpies, and the triple bodied shade, Geryon. est iter in silvis ubi caelum condidit umbra At this, trembling suddenly with terror, Aeneas grasped Iuppiter et rebus nox abstulit atra colorem. his sword, and set the naked blade against their approach: Vestibulum ante ipsum primisque in faucibus Orci and, if his knowing companion had not warned him Luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; that these were tenuous bodiless lives flitting about pallentesque habitant Morbi tristisque Senectus with a hollow semblance of form, he would have rushed at them, et Metus et malesuada Fames ac turpis Egestas and hacked at the shadows uselessly with his sword. terribiles visu formae: Letumque Labosque; tum consanguineus Leti Sopor et mala mentis Gaudia mortiferumque adverso in limine Bellum From here there is a road that leads to the waters ferreique Eumenidum thalami et Discordia demens of Tartarean Acheron. Here thick with mud a whirlpool seethes vipereum crinem vittis innexa cruentis. in the vast depths, and spews all its sands into Cocytus. A grim ferryman watches over the rivers and streams, In medio ramos annosaque brachia pandit Charon, dreadful in his squalor, with a mass of unkempt ulmus opaca ingens quam sedem Somnia volgo white hair straggling from his chin: flames glow in his eyes, Pana tenere ferunt foliisque sub omnibus haerent. a dirty garment hangs, knotted from his shoulders. Multaque praeterea variarum monstra ferarum: He poles the boat and trims the sails himself, Centauri in foribus stabulant Scyllaeque biformes and ferries the dead in his dark skiff, et centumgeminus Briareus ac belua Lernae old now, but a godÌs old age is fresh and green. horrendum stridens flammisque armata Chimaera Here all the crowd streams, hurrying to the shores, Gorgones Harpyiaeque et forma tricorporis umbrae. women and men, the lifeless bodies of noble heroes, Corripit hic subita trepidus formidine ferrum boys and unmarried girls, sons laid on the pyre Aeneas strictamque aciem venientibus offert in front of their fatherÌs eyes: as many as the leaves that fall et ni docta comes tenues sine corpore vitas in the woods at the first frost of autumn, as many as the birds admoneat volitare cava sub imagine formae that flock to land from ocean deeps, when the cold of the year inruat et frustra ferro diverberet umbras. drives them abroad and despatches them to sunnier countries. They stood there, pleading to be first to make the crossing, Hinc via Tartarei quae fert Acherontis ad undas. stretching out their hands in longing for the far shore. Turbidus hic caeno vastaque voragine gurges But the dismal boatman accepts now these, now those, aestuat atque omnem Cocyto eructat harenam. but driving others away, keeps them far from the sand. Portitor has horrendus aquas et flumina servat Then Aeneas, stirred and astonished at the tumult, said: terribili squalore Charon cui plurima mento ËO virgin, tell me, what does this crowding to the river mean? canities inculta iacet; stant lumina flamma What do the souls want? And by what criterion do these leave sordidus ex umeris nodo dependet amictus. the bank, and those sweep off with the oars on the leaden stream? Ipse ratem conto subigit velisque ministrat The ancient priestess spoke briefly to him, so: et ferruginea subvectat corpora cymba ËSon of Anchises, true child of the gods, you see iam senior sed cruda deo viridisque senectus. the deep pools of Cocytus, and the Marsh of Styx, Huc omnis turba ad ripas effusa ruebat by whose name the gods fear to swear falsely. matres atque viri defunctaque corpora vita All this crowd, you see, were destitute and unburied: magnanimum heroum pueri innuptaeque puellae that ferryman is Charon: those the waves carry were buried: impositique rogis iuvenes ante ora parentum: he may not carry them from the fearful shore on the harsh waters quam multa in silvis autumni frigore primo before their bones are at rest in the earth. They roam lapsa cadunt folia aut ad terram gurgite ab alto for a hundred years and flit around these shores: only then quam multae glomerantur aves ubi frigidus annus are they admitted, and revisit the pools they long for.Ì trans pontum fugat et terris immittit apricis. The son of Anchises halted, and checked his footsteps, Stabant orantes primi transmittere cursum thinking deeply, and pitying their sad fate in his heart. tendebantque manus ripae ulterioris amore. He saw Leucaspis and Orontes, captain of the Lycian fleet, Navita sed tristis nunc hos nunc accipit illos there, grieving and lacking honour in death, whom a Southerly ast alios longe submotos arcet harena. overwhelmed, as they sailed together from Troy on the windswept Aeneas miratus enim motusque tumultu waters, engulfing both the ship and crew in the waves. 'Dic' ait 'O virgo quid volt concursus ad amnem? Quidve petunt animae vel quo discrimine ripas hae linquunt illae remis vada livida verrunt?' Olli sic breviter fata est longaeva sacerdos: Behold, there came the helmsman, Palinurus, 'Anchisa generate deum certissima proles who fell from the stern on the Libyan passage, Cocyti stagna alta vides Stygiamque paludem flung into the midst of the waves, as he watched the stars. di cuius iurare timent et fallere numen. When Aeneas had recognised him with difficulty Haec omnis quam cernis inops inhumataque turba est; sorrowing among the deep shadows, he spoke first, saying: portitor ille Charon; hi quos vehit unda sepulti. ËWhat god tore you from us, Palinurus, and drowned you Nec ripas datur horrendas et rauca fluenta mid-ocean? For in this one prophecy Apollo has misled me, transportare prius quam sedibus ossa quierunt. he whom I never found false before, he said that you would be safe Centum errant annos volitantque haec litora circum; at sea and reach AusoniaÌs shores. Is this the truth of his promise?Ì tum demum admissi stagna exoptata revisunt.' But he replied: ËPhoebusÌs tripod did not fail you, Anchises, Constitit Anchisa satus et vestigia pressit my captain, nor did a god drown me in the deep. multa putans sortemque animo miseratus iniquam. By chance the helm was torn from me with violence, Cernit ibi maestos et mortis honore carentes as I clung there, on duty as ordered, steering our course, Leucaspim et Lyciae ductorem classis Oronten and I dragged it headlong with me. I swear by the cruel sea quos simul ab Troia ventosa per aequora vectos that I feared less for myself than for your ship, obruit Auster aqua involvens navemque virosque. lest robbed of its gear, and cleared of its helmsman, it might founder among such surging waves. Ecce gubernator sese Palinurus agebat The Southerly drove me violently through the vast seas qui Libyco nuper cursu dum sidera servat for three stormy nights: high on the crest of a wave, exciderat puppi mediis effusus in undis. in the fourth dawn, I could just make out Italy. Hunc ubi vix multa maestum cognovit in umbra Gradually I swam to shore: grasped now at safety, sic prior adloquitur: 'Quis te Palinure deorum but as I caught at the sharp tips of the rocks, weighed down eripuit nobis medioque sub aequore mersit? by my water-soaked clothes, the savage people Dic age. Namque mihi fallax haud ante repertus attacked me with knives, ignorantly thinking me a prize. hoc uno responso animum delusit Apollo Now the waves have me, and the winds roll me along the shore. qui fore te ponto incolumem finesque canebat Unconquered one, I beg you, by the sweet light and air of heaven, venturum Ausonios. En haec promissa fides est?' by your father, and your hopes in Iulus to come, Ille autem: 'Neque te Phoebi cortina fefellit save me from this evil: either find VeliaÌs harbour again dux Anchisiade nec me deus aequore mersit. (for you can) and sprinkle earth on me, or if there is some way, Namque gubernaclum multa vi forte revolsum if your divine mother shows you one (since youÌd not attempt to sail cui datus haerebam custos cursusque regebam such waters, and the Stygian marsh, without a godÌs will, I think) praecipitans traxi mecum. Maria aspera iuro then give this wretch your hand and take me with you through the waves non ullum pro me tantum cepisse timorem that at least I might rest in some quiet place in death.Ì quam tua ne spoliata armis excussa magistro So he spoke, and the priestess began to reply like this: deficeret tantis navis surgentibus undis. ËWhere does this dire longing of yours come from, O Palinurus? Tris Notus hibernas immensa per aequora noctes Can you see the Stygian waters, unburied, or the grim vexit me violentus aqua; vix lumine quarto river of the Furies, Cocytus, or come unasked to the shore? prospexi Italiam summa sublimis ab unda. Cease to hope that divine fate can be tempered by prayer. Paulatim adnabam terrae; iam tuta tenebam But hold my words in your memory, as a comfort in your hardship: ni gens crudelis madida cum veste gravatum the nearby peoples, from cities far and wide, will be moved prensantemque uncis manibus capita aspera montis by divine omens to worship your bones, and build a tomb, ferro invasisset praedamque ignara putasset. and send offerings to the tomb, and the place will have Nunc me fluctus habet versantque in litore venti. Palinurus as its everlasting name.Ì His anxiety was quelled Quod te per caeli iucundum lumen et auras by her words, and, for a little while, grief was banished per genitorem oro per spes surgentis Iuli from his sad heart: he delighted in the land being so named. eripe me his invicte malis: aut tu mihi terram inice namque potes portusque require Velinos; aut tu si qua via est si quam tibi diva creatrix So they pursued their former journey, and drew near the river. ostendit---neque enim credo sine numine divom Now when the Boatman saw them from the Stygian wave flumina tanta paras Stygiamque innare paludem--- walking through the silent wood, and directing their footsteps da dextram misero et tecum me tolle per undas towards its bank, he attacked them verbally, first, and unprompted, sedibus ut saltem placidis in morte quiescam. rebuking them: ËWhoever you are, who come armed to my river, Talia fatus erat coepit cum talia vates: tell me, from over there, why youÌre here, and halt your steps. 'Unde haec o Palinure tibi tam dira cupido? This is a place of shadows, of Sleep and drowsy Night: Tu Stygias inhumatus aquas amnemque severum IÌm not allowed to carry living bodies in the Stygian boat. Eumenidum aspicies ripamve iniussus adibis? Truly it was no pleasure for me to take Hercules on his journey Desine fata deum flecti sperare precando. over the lake, nor Theseus and Pirithous, though they may Sed cape dicta memor duri solatia casus. have been children of gods, unrivalled in strength. Nam tua finitimi longe lateque per urbes The first came for Cerberus the watchdog of Tartarus, prodigiis acti caelestibus ossa piabunt and dragged him away quivering from under the kingÌs throne: et statuent tumulum et tumulo sollemnia mittent the others were after snatching our Queen from DisÌs chamber.Ì aeternumque locus Palinuri nomen habebit.' To this the prophetess of Amphrysian Apollo briefly answered: His dictis curae emotae pulsusque parumper ËThereÌs no such trickery here (donÌt be disturbed), corde dolor tristi: gaudet cognomine terrae. our weapons offer no affront: your huge guard-dog can terrify the bloodless shades with his eternal howling: Ergo iter inceptum peragunt fluvioque propinquant. chaste Proserpine can keep to her uncleÌs threshold. Navita quos iam inde ut Stygia prospexit ab unda Aeneas the Trojan, renowned in piety and warfare, per tacitum nemus ire pedemque advertere ripae goes down to the deepest shadows of Erebus, to his father. sic prior adgreditur dictis atque increpat ultro: If the idea of such affection does not move you, still you 'Quisquis es armatus qui nostra ad flumina tendis must recognise this bough.Ì (She showed the branch, hidden fare age quid venias iam istinc in her robes.) Then the anger in his swollen breast subsided. Umbrarum hic locus est somni noctisque soporae; No more was said. Marvelling at the revered offering, corpora viva nefas Stygia vectare carina. of fateful twigs, seen again after so long, he turned the stern Nec vero Alciden me sum laetatus euntem of the dark skiff towards them and neared the bank. accepisse lacu nec Thesea Pirithoumque Then he turned off the other souls who sat on the long benches, dis quamquam geniti atque invicti viribus essent. cleared the gangways: and received mighty Aeneas Tartareum ille manu custodem in vincla petivit on board. The seamed skiff groaned with the weight ipsius a solio regis traxitque trementem; and let in quantities of marsh-water through the chinks. hi dominam Ditis thalamo deducere adorti.' At last, the river crossed, he landed the prophetess and the hero Quae contra breviter fata est Amphrysia vates: safe, on the unstable mud, among the blue-grey sedge. 'Nullae hic insidiae tales; absiste moveri; nec vim tela ferunt; licet ingens ianitor antro aeternum latrans exsanguis terreat umbras Huge Cerberus sets these regions echoing with his triple-throated casta licet patrui servet Proserpina limen. howling, crouching monstrously in a cave opposite. Troius Aeneas pietate insignis et armis Seeing the snakes rearing round his neck, the prophetess ad genitorem imas Erebi descendit ad umbras. threw him a pellet, a soporific of honey and drugged wheat. Si te nulla movet tantae pietatis imago Opening his three throats, in rabid hunger, he seized at ramum hunc' (aperit ramum qui veste latebat) what she threw and, flexing his massive spine, sank to earth 'adgnoscas.' Tumida ex ira tum corda residunt. spreading his giant bulk over the whole cave-floor. Nec plura his. Ille admirans venerabile donum With the guard unconscious Aeneas won to the entrance, fatalis virgae longo post tempore visum and quickly escaped the bank of the river of no return. caeruleam advertit puppim ripaeque propinquat. Immediately a loud crying of voices was heard, the spirits Inde alias animas quae per iuga longa sedebant of weeping infants, whom a dark day stole at the first deturbat laxatque foros; simul accipit alveo threshold of this sweet life, those chosen to be torn ingentem Aenean. Gemuit sub pondere cymba from the breast, and drowned in bitter death. sutilis et multam accepit rimosa paludem. Nearby are those condemned to die on false charges. Tandem trans fluvium incolumis vatemque virumque Yet their place is not ordained without the allotted jury: informi limo glaucaque exponit in ulva. Minos, the judge, shakes the urn: he convenes the voiceless court, and hears their lives and sins. Then the next place Cerberus haec ingens latratu regna trifauci is held by those gloomy spirits who, innocent of crime, personat adverso recubans immanis in antro. died by their own hand, and, hating the light, threw away Cui vates horrere videns iam colla colubris their lives. How willingly now theyÌd endure melle soporatam et medicatis frugibus offam poverty and harsh suffering, in the air above! obicit. Ille fame rabida tria guttura pandens Divine Law prevents it, and the sad marsh and its hateful corripit obiectam atque immania terga resolvit waters binds them, and nine-fold Styx confines them. fusus humi totoque ingens extenditur antro. Occupat Aeneas aditum custode sepulto evaditque celer ripam inremeabilis undae. Not far from there the Fields of Mourning are revealed, spread out on all sides: so they name them. Continuo auditae voces vagitus et ingens There, those whom harsh love devours with cruel pining infantumque animae flentes in limine primo are concealed in secret walkways, encircled by a myrtle grove: quos dulcis vitae exsortes et ab ubere raptos even in death their troubles do not leave them. abstulit atra dies et funere mersit acerbo; Here Aeneas saw Phaedra, and Procris, and sad Eriphyle, hos iuxta falso damnati crimine mortis. displaying the wounds made by her cruel son, Nec vero hae sine sorte datae sine iudice sedes: Evadne, and Pasiphae: with them walked Laodamia, quaesitor Minos urnam movet; ille silentum and Caeneus, now a woman, once a young man, conciliumque vocat vitasque et crimina discit. returned by her fate to her own form again. Proxuma deinde tenent maesti loca qui sibi letum Among them Phoenician Dido wandered, in the great wood, insontes peperere manu lucemque perosi her wound still fresh. As soon as the Trojan hero stood near her proiecere animas. Quam vellent aethere in alto and knew her, shadowy among the shadows, like a man who sees, nunc et pauperiem et duros perferre labores! or thinks he sees, the new moon rising through a cloud, as its month Fas obstat tristisque palus inamabilis undae begins, he wept tears and spoke to her with tender affection: alligat et noviens Styx interfusa coercet. ËDido, unhappy spirit, was the news, that came to me Nec procul hinc partem fusi monstrantur in omnem of your death, true then, taking your life with a blade? lugentes campi: sic illos nomine dicunt. Alas, was I the cause of your dying? I swear by the stars, Hic quos durus amor crudeli tabe peredit by the gods above, by whatever truth may be in the depths secreti celant calles et myrtea circum of the earth, I left your shores unwillingly, my queen. silva tegit; curae non ipsa in morte relinquunt. I was commanded by gods, who drove me by their decrees, His Phaedram Procrimque locis maestamque Eriphylen that now force me to go among the shades, through places crudelis nati monstrantem volnera cernit thorny with neglect, and deepest night: nor did I think Evadnenque et Pasiphaen; his Laodamia my leaving there would ever bring such grief to you. it comes et iuvenis quondam nunc femina Halt your footsteps and do not take yourself from my sight. rursus et in veterem fato revoluta figuram. What do you flee? This is the last speech with you that fate allows.Ì Inter quas Phoenissa recens a volnere Dido With such words Aeneas would have calmed errabat silva in magna; quam Troius heros her fiery spirit and wild looks, and provoked her tears. ut primum iuxta stetit adgnovitque per umbras She turned away, her eyes fixed on the ground, obscuram qualem primo qui surgere mense no more altered in expression by the speech he had begun aut videt aut vidisse putat per nubila lunam than if hard flint stood there, or a cliff of Parian marble. demisit lacrimas dulcique adfatus amore est: At the last she tore herself away, and, hostile to him, 'Infelix Dido verus mihi nuntius ergo fled to the shadowy grove where Sychaeus, her husband venerat exstinctam ferroque extrema secutam? in former times, responded to her suffering, and gave her Funeris heu tibi causa fui? Per sidera iuro love for love. Aeneas, no less shaken by the injustice of fate, per superos et si qua fides tellure sub ima est followed her, far off, with his tears, and pitied her as she went. invitus regina tuo de litore cessi. Sed me iussa deum quae nunc has ire per umbras per loca senta situ cogunt noctemque profundam From there he laboured on the way that was granted them. imperiis egere suis; nec credere quivi And soon they reached the most distant fields, hunc tantum tibi me discessu ferre dolorem. the remote places where those famous in war Siste gradum teque aspectu ne subtrahe nostro. crowd together. Here Tydeus met him, Parthenopaeus Quem fugis? Extremum fato quod te adloquor hoc est.' glorious in arms, and the pale form of Adrastus: Talibus Aeneas ardentem et torva tuentem here were the Trojans, wept for deeply above, fallen in war, lenibat dictis animum lacrimasque ciebat. whom, seeing them all in their long ranks, he groaned at, Illa solo fixos oculos aversa tenebat Glaucus, Medon and Thersilochus, the three sons of Antenor, nec magis incepto voltum sermone movetur Polyboetes, the priest of Ceres, and Idaeus quam si dura silex aut stet Marpesia cautes. still with his chariot, and his weapons. landem corripuit sese atque inimica refugit The spirits stand there in crowds to left and right. in nemus umbriferum coniunx ubi pristinus illi They are not satisfied with seeing him only once: respondet curis aequatque Sychaeus amorem. they delight in lingering on, walking beside him, Nec minus Aeneas casu concussus iniquo and learning the reason for his coming. prosequitur lacrimis longe et miseratur euntem. But the Greek princes and AgamemnonÌs phalanxes, trembled with great fear, when they saw the hero, Inde datum molitur iter. Iamque arva tenebant and his gleaming weapons, among the shades: ultima quae bello clari secreta frequentant. some turned to run, as they once sought their ships: some raised Hic illi occurrit Tydeus hic inclutus armis a faint cry, the noise they made belying their gaping mouths. Parthenopaeus et Adrasti pallentis imago; And he saw Deiphobus there, PriamÌs son, his whole body hic multum fleti ad superos belloque caduci mutilated, his face brutally torn, his face and hands both, the ears Dardanidae quos ille omnes longo ordine cernens ripped from his ruined head, his nostrils sheared by an ugly wound. ingemuit Glaucumque Medontaque Thersilochumque Indeed Aeneas barely recognised the quivering form, hiding its dire tris Antenoridas Cererique sacrum Polyphoeten punishment, even as he called to him, unprompted, in familiar tones: Idaeumque etiam currus etiam arma tenentem. ËDeiphobus, powerful in war, born of TeucerÌs noble blood, circumstant animae dextra laevaque frequentes; who chose to work such brutal punishment on you? nec vidisse semel satis est; iuvat usque morari Who was allowed to treat you so? Rumour has it et conferre gradum et veniendi discere causas. that on that final night, wearied by endless killing of Greeks, At Danaum proceres Agamemnoniaeque phalanges you sank down on a pile of the slaughtered. ut videre virum fulgentiaque arma per umbras Then I set up an empty tomb on the Rhoetean shore, ingenti trepidare metu; pars vertere terga and called on your spirit three times in a loud voice. ceu quondam petiere rates; pars tollere vocem Your name and weapons watch over the site: I could not exiguam inceptus clamor frustratur hiantes. see you, friend, to set you, as I left, in your native soil.Ì To this PriamÌs son replied: ËO my friend, youÌve neglected Atque hic Priamiden laniatum corpore toto nothing: youÌve paid all thatÌs due to Deiophobus Deiphobum videt et lacerum crudeliter ora and a dead manÌs spirit. My own destiny, ora manusque ambas populataque tempora raptis and that Spartan womanÌs deadly crime, drowned me auribus et truncas inhonesto volnere nares. in these sorrows: she left me these memorials. Vix adeo adgnovit pavitantem et dira tegentem You know how we passed that last night in illusory joy: supplicia et notis compellat vocibus ultro: and you must remember it only too well. 'Deiphobe armipotens genus alto a sanguine Teucri When the fateful Horse came leaping the walls of Troy, quis tam crudeles optavit sumere poenas? pregnant with the armed warriors it carried in its womb, Cui tantum de te licuit? Mihi fama suprema she led the Trojan women about, wailing in dance, nocte tulit fessum vasta te caede Pelasgum aping the Bacchic rites: she held a huge torch in their midst, procubuisse super confusae stragis acervum. signalling to the Greeks from the heights of the citadel. Tunc egomet tumulum Rhoeteo litore inanem I was then in our unlucky marriage-chamber, worn out with care, constitui et magna Manes ter voce vocavi. and heavy with sleep, a sweet deep slumber weighing on me Nomen et arma locum servant; te amice nequivi as I lay there, the very semblance of peaceful death. conspicere et patria decedens ponere terra.' Meanwhile that illustrious wife of mine removed every weapon Ad quae Priamides: 'Nihil O tibi amice relictum; from the house, even stealing my faithful sword from under my head: omnia Deiphobo solvisti et funeris umbris. she calls Menelaus into the house and throws open the doors, Sed me fata mea et scelus exitiale Lacaenae hoping I suppose it would prove a great gift for her lover, his mersere malis; illa haec monumenta reliquit. and in that way the infamy of her past sins might be erased. Namque ut supremam falsa inter gaudia noctem Why drag out the tale? They burst into the room, and with them egerimus nosti; et nimium meminisse necesse est. Ulysses the Aeolid, their co-inciter to wickedness. Gods, so repay Cum fatalis equus saltu super ardua venit the Greeks, if these lips I pray for vengeance with are virtuous. Pergama et armatum peditem gravis attulit alvo But you, in turn, tell what fate has brought you here, living. illa chorum simulans evantes orgia circum Do you come here, driven by your wandering on the sea, ducebat Phrygias; flammam media ipsa tenebat or exhorted by the gods? If not, what misfortune torments you, ingentem et summa Danaos ex arce vocabat. that you enter these sad sunless houses, this troubled place?Ì Tum me confectum curis somnoque gravatum infelix habuit thalamus pressitque iacentem dulcis et alta quies placidaeque simillima morti Egregia interea coniunx arma omnia tectis While they spoke Aurora and her rosy chariot had passed amovet et fidum capiti subduxerat ensem; the zenith of her ethereal path, and they might perhaps intra tecta vocat Menelaum et limina pandit have spent all the time allowed in such talk, but the Sibyl, scilicet id magnum sperans fore munus amanti his companion, warned him briefly saying: et famam exstingui veterum sic posse malorum. ËNight approaches, Aeneas: we waste the hours with weeping. Quid moror? Inrumpunt thalamo; comes additur una This is the place where the path splits itself in two: hortator scelerum Aeolides. Di talia Grais there on the right is our road to Elysium, that runs beneath instaurate pio si poenas ore reposco! the walls of mighty Dis: but the left works punishment Sed te qui vivum casus age fare vicissim on the wicked, and sends them on to godless Tartarus.Ì attulerint. Pelagine venis erroribus actus Deiophobus replied: ËDo not be angry, great priestess: an monitu divom? An quae te Fortuna fatigat I will leave: I will make up the numbers, and return to the darkness. ut tristes sine sole domos loca turbida adires?' Go now glory of our race: enjoy a better fate.Ì So he spoke, and in speaking turned away. Hac vice sermonum roseis Aurora quadrigis Aeneas suddenly looked back, and, below the left hand cliff, iam medium aetherio cursu traiecerat axem; he saw wide battlements, surrounded by a triple wall, et fors omne datum traherent per talia tempus; and encircled by a swift river of red-hot flames, sed comes admonuit breviterque adfata Sibylla est: the Tartarean Phlegethon, churning with echoing rocks. 'Nox ruit Aenea; nos flendo ducimus horas. A gate fronts it, vast, with pillars of solid steel, Hic locus est partes ubi se via findit in ambas: that no human force, not the heavenly gods themselves, dextera quae Ditis magni sub moenia tendit can overturn by war: an iron tower rises into the air, hac iter Elysium nobis; at laeva malorum and seated before it, Tisiphone, clothed in a blood-wet dress, exercet poenas et ad impia Tartara mittit.' keeps guard of the doorway, sleeplessly, night and day. Deiphobus contra: 'Ne saevi magna sacerdos; Groans came from there, and the cruel sound of the lash, discedam explebo numerum reddarque tenebris. then the clank of iron, and dragging chains. I decus i nostrum; melioribus utere fatis!' Aeneas halted, and stood rooted, terrified by the noise. Tantum effatus et in verbo vestigia torsit. ËWhat evil is practised here? O Virgin, tell me: by what torments are they oppressed? Why are there such sounds in the air?Ì Respicit Aeneas subito et sub rupe sinistra Then the prophetess began to speak as follows: ËFamous leader moenia lata videt triplici circumdata muro of the Trojans, it is forbidden for the pure to cross the evil threshold: quae rapidus flammis ambit torrentibus amnis but when Hecate appointed me to the wood of Avernus, Tartareus Phlegethon torquetque sonantia saxa. she taught me the divine torments, and guided me through them all. Porta adversa ingens solidoque adamante columnae Cretan Rhadamanthus rules this harshest of kingdoms, vis ut nulla virum non ipsi exscindere bello and hears their guilt, extracts confessions, and punishes caelicolae valeant; stat ferrea turris ad auras whoever has deferred atonement for their sins too long Tisiphoneque sedens palla succincta cruenta till death, delighting in useless concealment, in the world above. vestibulum exsomnis servat noctesque diesque Tisiphone the avenger, armed with her whip, leaps on the guilty immediately, lashes them, and threatening them with the fierce Hinc exaudiri gemitus et saeva sonare snakes in her left hand, calls to her savage troop of sisters. verbera; tum stridor ferri tractaeque catenae. Then at last the accursed doors open, screeching on jarring hinges. Constitit Aeneas strepitumque exterritus hausit. You comprehend what guardian sits at the door, what shape watches 'Quae scelerum facies O virgo effare; quibusve the threshold? Well still fiercer is the monstrous Hydra inside, urguentur poenis? Quis tantus plangor ad auras?' with her fifty black gaping jaws. There Tartarus itself Tum vates sic orsa loqui: 'Dux inclute Teucrum falls sheer, and stretches down into the darkness: nulli fas casto sceleratum insistere limen; twice as far as we gaze upwards to heavenly Olympus. sed me cum lucis Hecate praefecit Avernis Here the Titanic race, the ancient sons of Earth, ipsa deum poenas docuit perque omnia duxit. hurled down by the lightning-bolt, writhe in the depths. Gnosius haec Rhadamanthus habet durissima regna And here I saw the two sons of Aloeus, giant forms, castigatque auditque dolos subigitque fateri who tried to tear down the heavens with their hands, quae quis apud superos furto laetatus inani and topple Jupiter from his high kingdom. distulit in seram commissa piacula mortem. And I saw Salmoneus paying a savage penalty Continuo sontes ultrix accincta flagello for imitating JoveÌs lightning, and the Olympian thunder. Tisiphone quatit insultans torvosque sinistra Brandishing a torch, and drawn by four horses intentans angues vocat agmina saeva sororum. he rode in triumph among the Greeks, through ElisÌs city, Tum demum horrisono stridentes cardine sacrae claiming the godsÌ honours as his own, a fool, panduntur portae. Cernis custodia qualis who mimicked the storm-clouds and the inimitable thunderbolt vestibulo sedeat facies quae limina servet? with bronze cymbals and the sound of horsesÌ hoof-beats. Quinquaginta atris immanis hiatibus Hydra But the all-powerful father hurled his lighting from dense cloud, saevior intus habet sedem. Tum Tartarus ipse not for him fiery torches, or pine-branchesÌ smoky light bis patet in praeceps tantum tenditque sub umbras and drove him headlong with the mighty whirlwind. quantus ad aetherium caeli suspectus Olympum. And Tityus was to be seen as well, the foster-child Hic genus antiquum Terrae Titania pubes of Earth, our universal mother, whose body stretches fulmine deiecti fundo volvuntur in imo. over nine acres, and a great vulture with hooked beak 'Hic et Aloidas geminos immania vidi feeds on his indestructible liver, and his entrails ripe corpora qui manibus magnum rescindere caelum for punishment, lodged deep inside the chest, groping adgressi superisque Iovem detrudere regnis. for his feast, no respite given to the ever-renewing tissue. Vidi et crudeles dantem Salmonea poenas Shall I speak of the Lapiths, Ixion, Pirithous, dum flammas Iovis et sonitus imitatur Olympi. over whom hangs a dark crag that seems to slip and fall? Quattuor hic invectus equis et lampada quassans High couches for their feast gleam with golden frames, per Graium populos mediaeque per Elidis urbem and a banquet of royal luxury is spread before their eyes: ibat ovans divomque sibi poscebat honorem --- nearby the eldest Fury, crouching, prevents their fingers touching demens qui nimbos et non imitabile fulmen the table: rising up, and brandishing her torch, with a voice of thunder. aere et cornipedum pulsu simularet equorum. Here are those who hated their brothers, in life, At pater omnipotens densa inter nubila telum or struck a parent, or contrived to defraud a client, contorsit non ille faces nec fumea taedis or who crouched alone over the riches theyÌd made, lumina praecipitemque immani turbine adegit. without setting any aside for their kin (their crowd is largest), Nec non et Tityon Terrae omniparentis alumnum those who were killed for adultery, or pursued civil war, cernere erat per tota novem cui iubera corpus not fearing to break their pledges to their masters: porrigitur rostroque immanis voltur obunco shut in they see their punishment. DonÌt ask to know immortale iecur tondens fecundaque poenis that punishment, or what kind of suffering drowns them. viscera rimaturque epulis habitatque sub alto Some roll huge stones, or hang spread-eagled pectore nec fibris requies datur ulla renatis. on wheel-spokes: wretched Theseus sits still, and will sit [Quid memorem Lapithas Ixiona Pirithoumque?] for eternity: Phlegyas, the most unfortunate, warns them all quos super atra silex iam iam lapsura cadentique and bears witness in a loud voice among the shades: imminet adsimilis; lucent genialibus altis ÍLearn justice: be warned, and donÌt despise the gods.Î aurea fulcra toris epulaeque ante ora paratae HereÌs one who sold his country for gold, and set up regifico luxu; Furiarum maxima iuxta a despotic lord: this one made law and remade it for a price: accubat et manibus prohibet contingere mensas he entered his daughterÌs bed and a forbidden marriage: exsurgitque facem attollens atque intonat ore. all of them dared monstrous sin, and did what they dared. 'Hic quibus invisi fratres dum vita manebat Not if I had a hundred tongues, a hundred mouths, pulsatusve parens et fraus innexa clienti a voice of iron, could I tell all the forms of wickedness aut qui divitiis soli incubuere repertis or spell out the names of every torment.Ì nec partem posuere suis (quae maxima turba est) quique ob adulterium caesi quique arma secuti impia nec veriti dominorum fallere dextras When she had spoken of this, the aged priestess of Apollo said: inclusi poenam exspectant. Ne quaere doceri ËBut come now, travel the road, and complete the task set for you: quam poenam aut quae forma viros fortunave mersit. let us hurry, I see the battlements that were forged Saxum ingens volvunt alii radiisque rotarum in the Cyclopean fires, and the gates in the arch opposite us districti pendent; sedet aeternumque sedebit where we are told to set down the gifts as ordered.Ì infelix Theseus; Phlegyasque miserrimus omnis She spoke and keeping step they hastened along the dark path admonet et magna testatur voce per umbras: crossing the space between and arriving near the doors. ''Discite iustitiam moniti et non temnere divos.'' Aeneas gained the entrance, sprinkled fresh water Vendidit hic auro patriam dominumque potentem over his body, and set up the branch on the threshold before him. imposuit; fixit leges pretio atque refixit; Having at last achieved this, the goddessÌs task fulfilled, hic thalamum invasit natae vetitosque hymenaeos; they came to the pleasant places, the delightful grassy turf ausi omnes immane nefas ausoque potiti. of the Fortunate Groves, and the homes of the blessed. Non mihi si linguae centum sint oraque centum Here freer air and radiant light clothe the plain, ferrea vox omnis scelerum comprendere formas and these have their own sun, and their own stars. omnia poenarum percurrere nomina possim.' Some exercise their bodies in a grassy gymnasium, compete in sports and wrestle on the yellow sand: Haec ubi dicta dedit Phoebi longaeva sacerdos: others tread out the steps of a dance, and sing songs. 'Sed iam age carpe viam et susceptum perfice munus; There Orpheus too, the long-robed priest of Thrace, adceleremus' ait; 'Cyclopum educta caminis accompanies their voices with the seven-note scale, moenia conspicio atque adverso fornice portas playing now with fingers, now with the ivory quill. haec ubi nos praecepta iubent deponere dona.' Here are TeucerÌs ancient people, loveliest of children, Dixerat et pariter gressi per opaca viarum great-hearted heroes, born in happier years, corripiunt spatium medium foribusque propinquant. Ilus, Assaracus, and Dardanus founder of Troy. Occupat Aeneas aditum corpusque recenti Aeneas marvels from a distance at their idle chariots spargit aqua ramumque adverso in limine figit. and their weapons: their spears fixed in the ground, and their horses scattered freely browsing over the plain: His demum exactis perfecto munere divae the pleasure they took in chariots and armour while alive, devenere locos laetos et amoena virecta the care in tending shining horses, follows them below the earth. fortunatorum nemorum sedesque beatas. Look, he sees others on the grass to right and left, feasting, Largior hic campos aether et lumine vestit and singing a joyful paean in chorus, among the fragrant purpureo solemque suum sua sidera norunt. groves of laurel, out of which the EridanusÌs broad river Pars in gramineis exercent membra palaestris flows through the woodlands to the world above. contendunt ludo et fulva luctantur harena; Here is the company of those who suffered wounds fighting pars pedibus plaudunt choreas et carmina dicunt. for their country: and those who were pure priests, while they lived, Nec non Threicius longa cum veste sacerdos and those who were faithful poets, singers worthy of Apollo, obloquitur numeris septem discrimina vocum and those who improved life, with discoveries in Art or Science, iamque eadem digitis iam pectine pulsat eburno. and those who by merit caused others to remember them: Hic genus antiquum Teucri pulcherrima proles the brows of all these were bound with white headbands. magnanimi heroes nati melioribus annis As they crowded round, the Sibyl addressed them, Ilusque Assaracusque et Troiae Dardanus auctor. Musaeus above all: since he holds the centre of the vast crowd, Arma procul currusque virum miratur inanes. all looking up to him, his tall shoulders towering above: Stant terra defixae hastae passimque soluti ËBlessed spirits, and you, greatest of Poets, per campum pascuntur equi. Quae gratia currum say what region or place contains Anchises. We have armorumque fuit vivis quae cura nitentis come here, crossing the great rivers of Erebus, for him.Ì pascere equos eadem sequitur tellure repostos. And the hero replied to her briefly in these words: Conspicit ecce alios dextra laevaque per herbam ËNone of us have a fixed abode: we live in the shadowy woods, vescentis laetumque choro paeana canentis and make couches of river-banks, and inhabit fresh-water meadows. inter odoratum lauri nemus unde superne But climb this ridge, if your hearts-wish so inclines, plurimus Eridani per silvam volvitur amnis. and I will soon set you on an easy path.Ì Hic manus ob patriam pugnando volnera passi He spoke and went on before them, and showed them quique sacerdotes casti dum vita manebat the bright plains below: then they left the mountain heights. quique pii vates et Phoebo digna locuti inventas aut qui vitam excoluere per artes quique sui memores alios fecere merendo But deep in a green valley his father Anchises omnibus his nivea cinguntur tempora vitta. was surveying the spirits enclosed there, destined Quos circumfusos sic est adfata Sybilla for the light above, thinking carefully, and was reviewing Musaeum ante omnes medium nam plurima turba as it chanced the numbers of his own folk, his dear grandsons, hunc habet atque umeris exstantem suspicit altis: and their fate and fortunes as men, and their ways and works. 'Dicite felices animae tuque And when he saw Aeneas heading towards him over the grass quae regio Anchisen quis habet locus? Illius ergo he stretched out both his hands eagerly, his face venimus et magnos Erebi transnavimus amnes.' streaming with tears, and a cry issued from his lips: Atque huic responsum paucis ita reddidit heros: ËHave you come at last, and has the loyalty your father expected 'Nulli certa domus; lucis habitamus opacis conquered the harsh road? Is it granted me to see your face, riparumque toros et prata recentia rivis my son, and hear and speak in familiar tones? incolimus. Sed vos si fert ita corde voluntas I calculated it in my mind, and thought it would be so, hoc superate iugum; et facili iam tramite sistam.' counting off the hours, nor has my trouble failed me. Dixit et ante tulit gressum camposque nitentis From travel over what lands and seas, do I receive you! desuper ostentat; dehinc summa cacumina linquunt. What dangers have hurled you about, my son! How I feared the realms of Libya might harm you!Ì At pater Anchises penitus convalle virenti He answered: ËFather, your image, yours, appearing to me inclusas animas superumque ad lumen ituras so often, drove me to reach this threshold: lustrabat studio recolens omnemque suorum My ships ride the Etruscan waves. Father, let me clasp forte recensebat numerum carosque nepotes your hand, let me, and do not draw away from my embrace.Ì fataque fortunasque virum moresque manusque. So speaking, his face was also drowned in a flood of tears. Isque ubi tendentem adversum per gramina videt Three times he tries to throw his arms round his fatherÌs neck, Aenean alacris palmas utrasque tetendit three times, clasped in vain, that semblance slips though his hands, effusaeque genis lacrimae et vox excidit ore: like the light breeze, most of all like a winged dream. 'Venisti tandem tuaque exspectata parenti vicit iter durum pietas? Datur ora tueri nate tua et notas audire et reddere voces? Sic equidem ducebam animo rebarque futurum And now Aeneas saw a secluded grove tempora dinumerans' nec me mea cura fefellit. in a receding valley, with rustling woodland thickets, Quas ego te terras et quanta per aequora vectum and the river of Lethe gliding past those peaceful places. accipio! quantis iactatum nate periclis! Innumerable tribes and peoples hovered round it: Quam metui ne quid Libyae tibi regna nocerent!' just as, in the meadows, on a cloudless summerÌs day, Ille autem: 'Tua me genitor tua tristis imago the bees settle on the multifarious flowers, and stream saepius occurrens haec limina tendere adegit: round the bright lilies, and all the fields hum with their buzzing. stant sale Tyrrheno classes. Da iungere dextram Aeneas was thrilled by the sudden sight, and, in ignorance, da genitor teque amplexu ne subtrahe nostro.' asked the cause: what the river is in the distance, Sic memorans largo fletu simul ora rigabat. who the men are crowding the banks in such numbers. Ter conatus ibi collo dare brachia circum Then his father Anchises answered: ËThey are spirits, ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago owed a second body by destiny, and they drink [par levibus ventis volucrique simillima somno.] the happy waters, and a last forgetting, at LetheÌs stream. Indeed, for a long time IÌve wished to tell you of them, Interea videt Aeneas in valle reducta and show you them face to face, to enumerate my childrenÌs seclusum nemus et virgulta sonantia silvis descendants, so you might joy with me more at finding Italy.Ì Lethaeumque domos placidas qui praenatat amnem. ËO father, is it to be thought that any spirits go from here Hunc circum innumerae gentes populique volabant; to the sky above, returning again to dull matter?Ì ac---velut in pratis ubi apes aestate serena ËIndeed IÌll tell you, son, not keep you in doubt,Ì floribus insidunt variis et candida circum Anchises answered, and revealed each thing in order. lilia funduntur---strepit omnis murmure campus. Horrescit visu subito causasque requirit inscius Aeneas quae sint ea flumina porro ËFirstly, a spirit within them nourishes the sky and earth, quive viri tanto complerint agmine ripas. the watery plains, the shining orb of the moon, Tum pater Anchises: 'Animae quibus altera fato and TitanÌs star, and Mind, flowing through matter, corpora debentur Lethaei ad fluminis undam vivifies the whole mass, and mingles with its vast frame. securos latices et longa oblivia potant. From it come the species of man and beast, and winged lives, [Has equidem memorare tibi atque ostendere coram ] and the monsters the sea contains beneath its marbled waves. iampridem hanc prolem cupio enumerare meorum The power of those seeds is fiery, and their origin divine, quo magis Italia mecum laetere reperta.' so long as harmful matter doesnÌt impede them 'O pater anne aliquas ad caelum hinc ire putandum est and terrestrial bodies and mortal limbs donÌt dull them. sublimis animas iterumque ad tarda reverti Through those they fear and desire, and grieve and joy, corpora? Quae lucis miseris tam dira cupido?' and enclosed in night and a dark dungeon, canÌt see the light. 'Dicam equidem nec te suspensum nate Why, when life leaves them at the final hour, suscipit Anchises atque ordine singula pandit. still all of the evil, all the plagues of the flesh, alas, have not completely vanished, and many things, long hardened 'Principio caelum ac terras camposque liquentis deep within, must of necessity be ingrained, in strange ways. lucentemque globum Lunae Titaniaque astra So they are scourged by torments, and pay the price spiritus intus alit totamque infusa per artus for former sins: some are hung, stretched out, mens agitat molem et magno se corpore miscet. to the hollow winds, the taint of wickedness is cleansed Inde hominum pecudumque genus vitaeque volantum for others in vast gulfs, or burned away with fire: et quae marmoreo fert monstra sub aequore pontus. each spirit suffers its own: then we are sent Igneus est ollis vigor et caelestis origo through wide Elysium, and we few stay in the joyous fields, seminibus quantum non noxia corpora tardant for a length of days, till the cycle of time, terrenique hebetant artus moribundaque membra. complete, removes the hardened stain, and leaves Hinc metuunt cupiuntque dolent gaudentque neque auras pure ethereal thought, and the brightness of natural air. dispiciunt clausae tenebris et carcere caeco. All these others the god calls in a great crowd to the river Lethe, Quin et supremo cum lumine vita reliquit after they have turned the wheel for a thousand years, non tamen omne malum miseris nec funditus omnes so that, truly forgetting, they can revisit the vault above, corporeae excedunt pestes penitusque necesse est and begin with a desire to return to the flesh.Ì multa diu concreta modis inolescere miris. Ergo exercentur poenis veterumque malorum supplicia expendunt: aliae panduntur inanes Anchises had spoken, and he drew the Sibyl and his son, both suspensae ad ventos; aliis sub gurgite vasto together, into the middle of the gathering and the murmuring crowd, infectum eluitur scelus aut exuritur igni; and chose a hill from which he could see all the long ranks quisque suos patimur Manes; exinde per amplum opposite, and watch their faces as they came by him. mittimur Elysium et pauci laeta arva tenemus; ËCome, I will now explain what glory will pursue the children donec longa dies perfecto temporis orbe of Dardanus, what descendants await you of the Italian race, concretam exemit labem purumque relinquit illustrious spirits to march onwards in our name, and I will teach aetherium sensum atque aurai simplicis ignem. you your destiny. See that boy, who leans on a headless spear, Has omnes ubi mille rotam volvere per annos he is fated to hold a place nearest the light, first to rise Lethaeum ad fluvium deus evocat agmine magno to the upper air, sharing Italian blood, Silvius, of Alban name, scilicet immemores supera ut convexa revisant your last-born son, who your wife Lavinia, late in your old age, rursus et incipiant in corpora velle reverti.' will give birth to in the wood, a king and the father of kings, through whom our race will rule in Alba Longa. Dixerat Anchises natumque unaque Sibyllam Next to him is Procas, glory of the Trojan people, conventus trahit in medios turbamque sonantem and Capys and Numitor, and he whoÌll revive your name, et tumulum capit unde omnes longo ordine possit Silvius Aeneas, outstanding like you in virtue and arms, adversos legere et venientum discere vultus. if he might at last achieve the Alban throne. What men! See what authority they display, 'Nunc age Dardaniam prolem quae deinde sequatur their foreheads shaded by the civic oak-leaf crown! gloria qui maneant Itala de gente nepotes They will build Nomentum, Gabii, and FidenaeÌs city: inlustris animas nostrumque in nomen ituras CollatiaÌs fortress in the hills, Pometii expediam dictis et te tua fata docebo. and the Fort of Inus, and Bola, and Cora. Ille vides pura iuvenis qui nititur hasta Those will be names that are now nameless land. proxuma sorte tenet lucis loca primus ad auras aetherias Italo commixtus sanguine surget silvius Albanum nomen tua postuma proles Yes, and a child of Mars will join his grandfather to accompany him, quem tibi longaevo serum Lavinia coniunx Romulus, whom his mother Ilia will bear, of AssaracusÌs line. educet silvis regem regumque parentem See how MarsÌs twin plumes stand on his crest, and his father unde genus Longa nostrum dominabitur Alba. marks him out for the world above with his own emblems? 'Proxumus ille Procas Troianae gloria gentis Behold, my son, under his command glorious Rome et Capys et Numitor et qui te nomine reddet will match earthÌs power and heavenÌs will, and encircle Silvius Aeneas pariter pietate vel armis seven hills with a single wall, happy in her race of men: egregius si umquam regnandam acceperit Albam. as Cybele, the Berecynthian ËGreat MotherÌ, crowned Qui iuvenes! Quantas ostentant aspice vires with turrets, rides through the Phrygian cities, delighting atque umbrata gerunt civili tempora quercu! in her divine children, clasping a hundred descendants, Hi tibi Nomentum et Gabios urbemque Fidenam all gods, all dwelling in the heights above. hi Collatinas imponent montibus arces Now direct your eyes here, gaze at this people, Pometios Castrumque Inui Bolamque Coramque. your own Romans. Here is Caesar, and all the offspring Haec tum nomina erunt nunc sunt sine nomine terrae. of Iulus destined to live under the pole of heaven. 'Quin et avo comitem sese Mavortius addet This is the man, this is him, whom you so often hear Romulus Assaraci quem sanguinis Ilia mater promised you, Augustus Caesar, son of the Deified, educet. Viden ut geminae stant vertice cristae who will make a Golden Age again in the fields et pater ipse suo superum iam signat honore? where Saturn once reigned, and extend the empire beyond En huius nate the Libyans and the Indians (to a land that lies outside the zodiacÌs belt, imperium terris animos aequabit Olympo beyond the sunÌs ecliptic and the yearÌs, where sky-carrying Atlas septemque una sibi muro circumdabit arces turns the sphere, inset with gleaming stars, on his shoulders): felix prole virum: qualis Berecyntia mater Even now the Caspian realms, and Maeotian earth, invehitur curru Phrygias turrita per urbes tremble at divine prophecies of his coming, and laeta deum partu centum complexa nepotes the restless mouths of the seven-branched Nile are troubled. omnes caelicolas omnes supera alta tenentes. Truly, Hercules never crossed so much of the earth, 'Huc geminas nunc flecte acies hanc aspice gentem though he shot the bronze-footed Arcadian deer, brought peace Romanosque tuos. Hic Caesar et omnis Iuli to the woods of Erymanthus, made Lerna tremble at his bow: progenies magnum caeli ventura sub axem. nor did Bacchus, who steers his chariot, in triumph, with reins Hic vir hic est tibi quem promitti saepius audis made of vines, guiding his tigers down from NysaÌs high peak. Augustus Caesar Divi genus aurea condet Do we really hesitate still to extend our power by our actions, saecula qui rursus Latio regnata per arva and does fear prevent us settling the Italian lands? Saturno quondam super et Garamantas et Indos proferet imperium: iacet extra sidera tellus extra anni solisque vias ubi caelifer Atlas Who is he, though, over there, distinguished by his olive branches, axem umero torquet stellis ardentibus aptum. carrying offerings? I know the hair and the white-bearded chin Huius in adventum iam nunc et Caspia regna of a king of Rome, Numa, called to supreme authority responsis horrent divom et Maeotia tellus from little CuresÌs poverty-stricken earth, who will secure et septemgemini turbant trepida ostia Nili. our first city under the rule of law. Then Tullus Nec vero Alcides tantum telluris obivit will succeed him who will shatter the countryÌs peace, fixerit aeripedem cervam licet aut Erymanthi and call to arms sedentary men, ranks now unused to triumphs. pacarit nemora et Lernam tremefecerit arcu; The over-boastful Ancus follows him closely, nec qui pampineis victor iuga flectit habenis delighting too much even now in the peopleÌs opinion. Liber agens celso Nysae de vertice tigres. Will you look too at TarquinÌs dynasty, and the proud spirit aut dubitamus adhuc virtute extendere vires of Brutus the avenger, the rods of office reclaimed? aut metus Ausonia prohibet consistere terra? HeÌll be the first to win a consulÌs powers and the savage axes, 'Quis procul ille autem ramis insignis olivae and when the sons foment a new civil war, the father sacra ferens? Nosco crines incanaque menta will call them to account, for lovely freedomÌs sake: regis Romani primus qui legibus urbem ah, to be pitied, whatever posterity says of his actions: fundabit Curibus parvis et paupere terra his love of country will prevail, and great appetite for glory. missus in imperium magnum. Cui deinde subibit Ah, see over there, the Decii and Drusi, and Torquatus otia qui rumpet patriae residesque movebit brutal with the axe, and Camillus rescuing the standards. Tullus in arma viros et iam desueta triumphis But those others, you can discern, shining in matching armour, agmina. Quem iuxta sequitur iactantior Ancus souls in harmony now, while they are cloaked in darkness, nunc quoque iam nimium gaudens popularibus auris. ah, if they reach the light of the living, what civil war Vis et Tarquinios reges animamque superbam what battle and slaughter, theyÌll cause, Julius Caesar, ultoris Bruti fascesque videre receptos? the father-in-law, down from the Alpine ramparts, from the fortress Consulis imperium hic primus saevasque secures of Monoecus: Pompey, the son-in-law, opposing with Eastern forces. accipiet natosque pater nova bella moventes My sons, donÌt inure your spirits to such wars, ad poenam pulchra pro libertate vocabit. never turn the powerful forces of your country on itself: Infelix utcumque ferent ea facta minores You be the first to halt, you, who derive your race from heaven: vincet amor patriae laudumque immensa cupido. hurl the sword from your hand, who are of my blood! Quin Decios Drusosque procul saevumque securi ThereÌs Mummius: triumphing over Corinth, heÌll drive his chariot, aspice Torquatum et referentem signa Camillum. victorious, to the high Capitol, famed for the Greeks heÌs killed: Illae autem paribus quas fulgere cernis in armis and Aemilius Paulus, who, avenging his Trojan ancestors, and MinervaÌs concordes animae nunc et dum nocte premuntur desecrated shrine, will destroy AgamemnonÌs Mycenae, and Argos, heu quantum inter se bellum si lumina vitae and Perseus the Aeacid himself, descendant of war-mighty Achilles. attigerint quantas acies stragemque ciebunt! Who would pass over you in silence, great Cato, or you Cossus, Aggeribus socer Alpinis atque arce Monoeci or the GracchusÌs race, or the two Scipios, warÌs lightning bolts, descendens gener adversis instructus Eois. the scourges of Libya, or you Fabricius, powerful in poverty, Ne pueri ne tanta animis adsuescite bella or you, Regulus Serranus, sowing your furrow with seed? neu patriae validas in viscera vertite vires; Fabii, where do you hurry my weary steps? You, Fabius tuque prior tu parce genus qui ducis Olympo Maximus, the Delayer, are he who alone renew our State. proice tela manu sanguis meus!--- Others (I can well believe) will hammer out bronze that breathes 'Ille triumphata Capitolia ad alta Corintho with more delicacy than us, draw out living features victor aget currum caesis insignis Achivis. from the marble: plead their causes better, trace with instruments Eruet ille Argos Agamemnoniasque Mycenas the movement of the skies, and tell the rising of the constellations: ipsumque Aeaciden genus armipotentis Achilli remember, Roman, it is for you to rule the nations with your power, ultus avos Troiae templa et temerata Minervae. (that will be your skill) to crown peace with law, Quis te magne Cato tacitum to spare the conquered, and subdue the proud.Ì Quis Gracchi genus aut geminos duo fulmina belli Scipiadas cladem Libyae parvoque potentem Fabricium vel te sulco Serrane serentem? So father Anchises spoke, and while they marvelled, added: quo fessum rapitis Fabii? Tu Maxumus ille es ËSee, how Claudius Marcellus, distinguished by the Supreme Prize, unus qui nobis cunctando restituis rem. comes forward, and towers, victorious, over other men. Excudent alii spirantia mollius aera As a knight, heÌll support the Roman State, turbulent credo equidem vivos ducent de marmore voltus with fierce confusion, strike the Cathaginians and rebellious Gauls, orabunt causas melius caelique meatus and dedicate captured weapons, a third time, to father Quirinus.Ì describent radio et surgentia sidera dicent: And, at this, Aeneas said (since he saw a youth of outstanding tu regere imperio populos Romane memento; beauty with shining armour, walking with Marcellus, hae tibi erunt artes; pacisque imponere morem but his face lacking in joy, and his eyes downcast): parcere subiectis et debellare superbos.' ËFather, who is this who accompanies him on his way? His son: or another of his long line of descendants? Sic pater Anchises atque haec mirantibus addit: What murmuring round them! What presence he has! 'Aspice ut insignis spoliis Marcellus opimis But dark night, with its sad shadows, hovers round his head.Ì ingreditur victorque viros supereminet omnes! Then his father Aeneas, with welling tears, replied: Hic rem Romanam magno turbante tumultu ËO, do not ask about your peopleÌs great sorrow, my son. sistet eques sternet Poenos Gallumque rebellem The Fates will only show him to the world, not allow him tertiaque arma patri suspendet capta Quirino.' to stay longer. The Roman people would seem Atque hic Aeneas; una namque ire videbat too powerful to you gods, if this gift were lasting. egregium forma iuvenem et fulgentibus armis What mourning from mankind that Field of Mars will sed frons laeta parum et deiecto lumina voltu: deliver to the mighty city! And what funeral processions 'Quis pater ille you, Tiber, will see, as you glide past his new-made tomb! Filius anne aliquis magna de stirpe nepotum? No boy of the line of Ilius shall so exalt his Latin Quis strepitus circa comitum! Quantum instar in ipso! ancestors by his show of promise, nor will RomulusÌs Sed nox atra caput tristi circumvolat umbra.' land ever take more pride in one of its sons. Tum pater Anchises lacrimis ingressus obortis: Alas for virtue, alas for the honour of ancient times, 'O gnate ingentem luctum ne quaere tuorum; and a hand invincible in war! No one might have attacked him ostendent terris hunc tantum fata neque ultra safely when armed, whether he met the enemy on foot, esse sinent. Nimium vobis Romana propago or dug his spurs into the flank of his foaming charger. visa potens Superi propria haec si dona fuissent. Ah, boy to be pitied, if only you may shatter harsh fate, Quantos ille virum magnam Mavortis ad urbem youÌll be a Marcellus! Give me handfuls of white lilies, campus aget gemitus vel quae liberine let me scatter radiant flowers, let me load my scionÌs spirit funera cum tumulum praeterlabere recentem! with those gifts at least, in discharging that poor duty.Ì Nec puer Iliaca quisquam de gente Latinos in tantum spe tollet avos nec Romula quondam ullo se tantum tellus iactabit alumno. So they wander here and there through the whole region, Heu pietas heu prisca fides invictaque bello over the wide airy plain, and gaze at everything. dextera! Non illi se quisquam impune tulisset And when Anchises has led his son through each place, obvius armato seu cum pedes iret in hostem and inflamed his spirit with love of the glory that is to come, seu spumantis equi foderet calcaribus armos. he tells him then of the wars he must soon fight, Heu miserande puer si qua fata aspera rumpas and teaches him about the Laurentine peoples, tu Marcellus eris. Manibus date lilia plenis and the city of Latinus, and how to avoid or face each trial. purpureos spargam flores animamque nepotis There are two gates of Sleep: one of which is said to be of horn, his saltem adcumulem donis et fungar inani through which an easy passage is given to true shades, the other munere'---Sic tota passim regione vagantur gleams with the whiteness of polished ivory, but through it aeris in campis latis atque omnia lustrant. the Gods of the Dead send false dreams to the world above. Quae postquam Anchises natum per singula duxit After his words, Anchises accompanies his son there, and, incenditque animum famae venientis amore frees him, together with the Sibyl, through the ivory gate. exin bella viro memorat quae deinde gerenda Aeneas makes his way to the ships and rejoins his friends: Laurentisque docet populos urbemque Latini then coasts straight to CaietaÌs harbour along the shore. et quo quemque modo fugiatque feratque laborem. The anchors are thrown from the prows: on the shore the sterns rest. Sunt geminae Somni portae quarum altera fertur Caieta, AeneasÌs nurse, you too have granted cornea qua veris facilis datur exitus umbris; eternal fame to our shores in dying: altera candenti perfecta nitens elephanto tributes still protect your grave, and your name sed falsa ad caelum mittunt insomnia Manes. marks your bones in great Hesperia, if that is glory. His ubi tum natum Anchises unaque Sibyllam Now, as soon as the open sea was calm, having paid prosequitur dictis portaque emittit eburna the last rites due to custom, and raised a funeral mound, ille viam secat ad naves sociosque revisit: Aeneas the good left the harbour and sailed on his way. tum se ad Caietae recto fert litore portum. The breezes blew through the night, and a radiant moon was no [Ancora de prora iacitur stant litore puppes.] inhibitor to their voyage, the sea gleaming in the tremulous light. The next shores they touched were CirceÌs lands, TU quoque litoribus nostris Aeneia nutrix where that rich daughter of the sun makes the hidden groves aeternam moriens famam Caieta dedisti; echo with continual chanting, and burns fragrant cedar et nunc servat honos sedem tuus ossaque nomen for nocturnal light in her proud palace, as she sets Hesperia in magna siqua est ea gloria signat. her melodious shuttle running through the fine warp. At pius exsequiis Aeneas rite solutis From there the angry roar of lions could be heard, aggere composito tumuli postquam alta quierunt chafing at their ropes, and sounding late into the night, aequora tendit iter velis portumque relinquit. and the rage of bristling wild-boars, and caged bears, Adspirant aurae in noctem nec candida cursus and the howling shapes of huge wolves, Luna negat splendet tremulo sub lumine pontus. whom Circe, cruel goddess, had altered from human appearance Proxima Circaeae raduntur litora terrae to the features and forms of creatures, using powerful herbs. dives inaccessos ubi Solis filia lucos But Neptune filled their sails with following winds, so that adsiduo resonat cantu tectisque superbis TroyÌs virtuous race should not suffer so monstrous a fate urit odoratam nocturna in lumina cedrum entering the harbour, and disembarking on that fatal shore, arguto tenuis percurrens pectine telas. and carried them past the boiling shallows, granting them escape. Hinc exaudiri gemitus iraeque leonum Now the sea was reddening with the sunÌs rays, and saffron Aurora vincla recusantum et sera sub nocte rudentum in her rose-coloured chariot, shone from the heights of heaven, saetigerique sues atque in praesaepibus ursi when the winds dropped and every breeze suddenly fell away, saevire ac formae magnorum ululare luporum and the oars laboured slowly in the water. At this moment, quos hominum ex facie dea saeva potentibus herbis gazing from the sea, Aeneas saw a vast forest. Through it induerat Circe in voltus ac terga ferarum. the TiberÌs lovely river, with swirling eddies full of golden sand, Quae ne monstra pii paterentur talia Troes bursts to the ocean. Countless birds, around and above, delati in portus neu litora dira subirent that haunt the banks and streams, were delighting Neptunus ventis implevit vela secundis the heavens with their song and flying through the groves. atque fugam dedit et praeter vada fervida vexit. He ordered his friends to change course and turn their prows towards land, and joyfully entered the shaded river. Iamque rubescebat radiis mare et aethere ab alto Aurora in roseis fulgebat lutea bigis: cum venti posuere omnisque repente resedit Come now, Erato, and IÌll tell of the kings, the times, flatus et in lento luctantur marmore tonsae. the state of ancient Latium, when that foreign Atque hic Aeneas ingentem ex aequore lucum troop first landed on AusoniaÌs shores, and IÌll recall prospicit. Hunc inter fluvio Tiberinus amoeno. the first fighting from its very beginning. You goddess, verticibus rapidis et multa flavus arena you must prompt your poet. IÌll tell of brutal war, in mare prorumpit. Variae circumque supraque IÌll tell of battle action, and princes driven to death adsuetae ripis volucres et fluminis alveo by their courage, of Trojan armies, and all of Hesperia aethera mulcebant cantu lucoque volabant. forced to take up arms. A greater order of things flectere iter sociis terraeque advertere proras is being born, greater is the work that I attempt. imperat et laetus fluvio succedit opaco. King Latinus, now old in years, ruled fields and towns, in the tranquillity of lasting peace. Nunc age qui reges Erato We hear he was the child of Faunus and the Laurentine quis Latio antiquo fuerit status advena classem nymph, Marica. FaunusÌs father was Pictus, and he boasts cum primum Ausoniis exercitus appulit oris you, Saturn, as his, you the first founder of the line. expediam et primae revocabo exordia pugnae. By divine decree, Latinus had no male heir, his son tu vatem tu diva having been snatched from him in the dawn of first youth. dicam acies actosque animis in funera reges There was only a daughter to keep house in so noble a palace, Tyrrhenamque manum totamque sub arma coactam now ready for a husband, now old enough to be a bride. Hesperiam. Maior rerum mihi nascitur ordo Many sought her hand, from wide Latium and all Ausonia, maius opus moveo. Rex arva Latinus et urbes Turnus above all, the most handsome, of powerful ancestry, iam senior longa placidas in pace regebat. whom the queen hastened to link to her as her son-in-law Hunc Fauno et nympha genitum Laurente Marica with wonderful affection. But divine omens, with their many accipimus Fauno Picus pater isque parentem terrors, prevented it. There was a laurel, with sacred leaves, te Saturne refert in the high inner court in the middle of the palace, filius huic fato divom prolesque virilis that had been guarded with reverence for many years. nulla fuit primaque oriens erepta iuventa est. It was said that Lord Latinus himself had discovered it, Sola domum et tantas servabat filia sedes when he first built his fortress, and dedicated it to Apollo, iam matura viro iam plenis nubilis annis. and from it had named the settlers Laurentines. Multi illam magno e Latio totaque petebant A dense cloud of bees (marvellous to tell) borne Ausonia. Petit ante alios pulcherrimus omnis through the clear air, with a mighty humming, Turnus avis atavisque potens quem regia coniunx settled in the very top of the tree, and hung there, adiungi generum miro properabat amore; their feet all tangled together, in a sudden swarm. sed variis portenta deum terroribus obstant. Immediately the prophet cried: ËI see a foreign hero, Laurus erat tecti medio in penetralibus altis approaching, and, from a like direction, an army sacra comam multosque metu servata per annos seeks this same place, to rule from the high citadel.Ì quam pater inventam primas cum conderet arces Then as he lit the altars with fresh pine torches, ipse ferebatur Phoebo sacrasse Latinus as virgin Lavinia stood there next to her father Laurentisque ab ea nomen posuisse colonis. she seemed (horror!) to catch the fire in her long tresses, Huius apes summum densae (mirabile dictu) and all her finery to burn in crackling flame, her royally stridore ingenti liquidum trans aethera vectae dressed tresses set alight, her crown alight, remarkable obsedere apicem ex pedibus per mutua nexis for its jewels: then wreathed in smoke and yellow light, examen subitum ramo frondente pependit. she seemed to scatter sparks through all the palace. Continuo vates: 'Externum cernimus ' inquit Truly it was talked of as a shocking and miraculous sight: 'adventare virum et partis petere agmen easdem for they foretold she would be bright with fame and fortune, partibus ex isdem et summa dominarier arce.' but it signified a great war for her people. Praeterea castis adolet dum altaria taedis Then the king, troubled by the wonder, visited the oracle et iuxta genitorem adstat Lavinia virgo of Faunus, his far-speaking father, and consulted the groves visa (nefas) longis comprendere crinibus ignem below high Albunea, mightiest of forests, that echoed [atque omnem ornatum flamma crepitante cremari] with the sacred fountain, and breathed a deadly vapour from the dark. regalisque accensa comas accensa coronam The people of Italy, and all the Oenotrian lands, sought answers insignem gemmis tum fumida lumine fulvo to their doubts, from that place: when the priest brought involvi ac totis Volcanum spargere tectis. offerings there, and, found sleep, in the silent night, lying Id vero horrendum ac visu mirabile ferri: on spread fleeces of sacrificed sheep, he saw there many ghosts namque fore inlustrem fama fatisque canebant flitting in marvellous forms, and heard various voices, had speech ipsam sed populo magnum portendere bellum. with the gods, and talked with Acheron, in the depths of Avernus. At rex sollicitus monstris oracula Fauni And here the king, Latinus, himself seeking an answer, fatidici; genitoris adit lucosque sub alta slaughtered a hundred woolly sheep according to the rite, consulit Albunea nemorum quae maxima sacro and lay there supported by their skins and woolly fleeces: fonte sonat saevamque exhalat opaca mephitim. Suddenly a voice emerged from the deep wood: Hinc Italae gentes omnisque Oenotria tellus ËO my son, donÌt try to ally your daughter in a Latin marriage, in dubiis responsa petunt; huc dona sacerdos donÌt place your faith in the intended wedding: Cum tulit et caesarum ovium sub nocte silenti strangers will come to be your kin, whoÌll lift our name pellibus incubuit stratis somnosque petivit to the stars by their blood, and the children multa modis simulacra videt volitantia miris of whose race shall see all, where the circling sun et varias audit voces fruiturque deorum views both oceans, turning obediently beneath their feet.Ì couloquio atque imis Acheronta adfatur Avernis. Latinus failed to keep this reply of his FatherÌs quiet, Hic et tum pater ipse petens responsa Latinus this warning given in the silent night, and already centum lanigeras mactabat rite bidentis Rumour flying far and wide had carried it through atque harum effultus tergo stratisque iacebat the Ausonian cities, when the children of Laomedon velleribus: subita ex alto vox reddita luco est: came to moor their ships by the riverÌs grassy banks. 'Ne pete conubiis natam sociare Latinis O mea progenies thalamis neu crede paratis: externi venient generi qui sanguine nostrum Aeneas, handsome Iulus, and the foremost leaders, nomen in astra ferant quorumque a stirpe nepotes settled their limbs under the branches of a tall tree, omnia sub pedibus qua Sol utrumque recurrens and spread a meal: they set wheat cakes for a base aspicit Oceanum vertique regique videbunt.' under the food (as Jupiter himself inspired them) Haec responsa patris Fauni monitusque silenti and added wild fruits to these tables of Ceres. nocte datos non ipse suo premit ore Latinus When the poor fare drove them to set their teeth sed circum late volitans iam Fama per urbes into the thin discs, the rest being eaten, and to break Ausonias tulerat cum Laomedontia pubes the fateful circles of bread boldly with hands and jaws, gramineo ripae religavit ab aggere classem. not sparing the quartered cakes, Iulus, jokingly, said no more than: ËHa! Are we eating the tables too?Ì Aeneas primique duces et pulcher Iulus That voice on first being heard brought them to the end corpora sub ramis deponunt arboris altae of their labours, and his father, as the words fell instituuntque dapes et adorea liba per herbam from the speakerÌs lips, caught them up subiciunt epulis (sic Iuppiter ipse monebat) and stopped him, awestruck at the divine will. et Cereale solum pomis agrestibus augent. Immediately he said: ËHail, land destined to me Consumptis hic forte aliis ut vertere morsus by fate, and hail to you, O faithful gods of Troy: exiguam in Cererem penuria adegit edendi here is our home, here is our country. For my father et violare manu malisque audacibus orbem Anchises (now I remember) left this secret of fate with me: fatalis crusti patulis nec parcere quadris: ËSon, when youÌre carried to an unknown shore, food is lacking, 'Heus! etiam mensas consumimus ' inquit Iulus and youÌre forced to eat the tables, then look for a home nec plura adludens. Ea vox audita laborum in your weariness: and remember first thing to set your hand prima tulit finem primamque loquentis ab ore on a site there, and build your houses behind a rampart.Ì eripuit pater ac stupefactus numine pressit. This was the hunger he prophesied, the last thing remaining, Continuo: 'Salve fatis mihi debita tellus to set a limit to our ruin¹come then, vosque ' ait 'O fidi Troiae salvete penates: and with the sunÌs dawn light letÌs cheerfully discover hic domus haec patria est. Genitor mihi talia namque what place this is, what men live here, where this peopleÌs city is, (nunc repeto) Anchises fatorum arcana reliquit: and letÌs explore from the harbour in all directions. cum te nate fames ignota ad litora vectum Now pour libations to Jove and call, with prayer, accisis coget dapibus consumere mensas on my father Anchises, then set out the wine once more. tum sperare domos defessus ibique memento So saying he wreathed his forehead with a leafy spray, prima locare manu molirique aggere tecta. and prayed to the spirit of the place, and to Earth the oldest Haec erat illa fames; haec nos suprema manebat of goddesses, and to the Nymphs, and the yet unknown rivers: exiliis positura modum. then he invoked Night and NightÌs rising constellations, Quare agite et primo laeti cum lumine solis and Idaean Jove, and the Phrygian Mother, in order, quae loca quive habeant homines ubi moenia gentis and his two parents, one in heaven, one in Erebus. vestigemus et a portu diversa petamus. At this the all-powerful Father thundered three times Nunc pateras libate Iovi precibusque vocate from the clear sky, and revealed a cloud in the ether, Anchisen genitorem et vina reponite mensis.' bright with rays of golden light, shaking it with his own hand. Sic deinde effatus frondenti tempora ramo Then the word ran suddenly through the Trojan lines implicat et geniumque loci primamque deorum that the day had come to found their destined city. Tellurem nymphasque et adhuc ignota precatur They rivalled each other in celebration of the feast, and delighted flumina tum Noctem Noctisque orientia signa by the fine omen, set out the bowls and crowned the wine-cups. Idaeumque Iovem Phrygiamque ex ordine matrem invocat et duplicis caeloque ereboque parentis. Hic pater omnipotens ter caelo clarus ab alto Next day when sunrise lit the earth with her first flames, intonuit radiisque ardentem lucis et auro they variously discovered the city, shores and limits ipse manu quatiens ostendit ab aethere nubem. of this nation: here was the pool of NumiciusÌs fountain, Diditur hic subito Troiana per agmina rumor this was the River Tiber, here the brave Latins lived. advenisse diem quo debita moenia condant. Then AnchisesÌs son ordered a hundred envoys, chosen Certatim instaurant epulas atque omine magno from every rank, all veiled in PallasÌs olive leaves crateras laeti statuunt et vina coronant. to go to the kingÌs noble fortress, carrying gifts for a hero, and requesting peace towards the Trojans. Postera cum prima lustrabat lampade terras Without delay, they hastened as ordered, travelling orta dies urbem et finis et litora gentis at a swift pace. He himself marked out walls with a shallow ditch, diversi explorant: haec fontis stagna Numici toiled at the site, and surrounded the first settlement on those shores hunc Thybrim fluvium hic fortis habitare Latinos. with a rampart and battlement, in the style of a fortified camp. Tum satus Anchisa delectos ordine ab omni And now his men had pursued their journey and they saw centum oratores augusta ad moenia regis LatinusÌs turrets and high roofs, and arrived beneath the walls. ire iubet ramis velatos Palladis omnis Boys, and men in the flower of youth, were practising donaque ferre viro pacemque exposcere Teucris. horsemanship outside the city, breaking in their mounts Haud mora festinant iussi rapidisque feruntur in clouds of dust, or bending taut bows, or hurling firm spears passibus. Ipse humili designat moenia fossa with their arms, challenging each other to race or box: moliturque locum primasque in litore sedes when a messenger, racing ahead on his horse, reported castrorum in morem pinnis atque aggere cingit. to the ears of the aged king that powerful warriors in unknown Iamque iter emensi turris ac tecta Latinorum dress had arrived. The king ordered them to be summoned ardua cernebant iuvenes muroque subibant. to the palace, and took his seat, in the centre, on his ancestral throne. Ante urbem pueri et primaevo flore iuventus Huge and magnificent, raised on a hundred columns, exercentur equis domitantque in pulvere currus his roof was the cityÌs summit, the palace of Laurentian Picus, aut acris tendunt arcus aut lenta lacertis sanctified by its grove and the worship of generations. spicula contorquent cursuque ictuque lacessunt: It was auspicious for a king to receive the sceptre here and first lift cum praevectus equo longaevi regis ad auris the fasces, the rods of office: this shrine was their curia, nuntius ingentis ignota in veste reportat their senate house, the place of their sacred feasts, here the elders, advenisse viros. Ille intra tecta vocari after lambs were sacrificed, sat down at an endless line of tables. imperat et solio medius consedit avito. There standing in ranks at the entrance were the statues of ancestors Tectum augustum ingens. centum sublime columnis of old, in ancient cedar-wood, Italus, and father Sabinus, the vine-grower, urbe fuit summa Laurentis regia Pici depicted guarding a curved pruning-hook, and aged Saturn, horrendum silvis et religione parentum. and the image of Janus bi-face, and other kings from the beginning, Hic sceptra accipere et primos attollere fasces and heroes wounded in battle, fighting for their country. regibus omen erat hoc illis curia templum Many weapons too hung on the sacred doorposts, hae sacris sedes epulis hic ariete caeso captive chariots, curved axes, helmet crests, the massive bars perpetuis soliti patres considere mensis. of city gates, spears, shields and the ends of prows torn from ships. Quin etiam veterum effigies ex ordine avorum There Picus, the Horse-Tamer, sat, holding the lituus, the augurÌs antiqua e cedro Italusque paterque Sabinus Quirinal staff, and clothed in the trabea, the purple-striped toga, vitisator curvam servans sub imagine falcem and carrying the ancile, the sacred shield, in his left hand, Saturnusque senex Ianique bifrontis imago he, whom his lover, Circe, captivated by desire, struck vestibulo astabant aliique ab origine reges with her golden rod: changed him with magic drugs Martiaque ob patriam pugnando volnera passi. to a woodpecker, and speckled his wings with colour. Multaque praeterea sacris in postibus arma captivi pendent currus curvaeque secures et cristae capitum et portarum ingentia claustra Such was the temple of the gods in which Latinus, seated spiculaque clipeique ereptaque rostra carinis. on the ancestral throne, called the Trojans to him in the palace, Ipse Quirinali lituo parvaque sedebat and as they entered spoke first, with a calm expression: succinctus trabea laevaque ancile gerebat ËSons of Dardanus (for your city and people are not unknown Picus equum domitor; quem capta cupidine coniunx to us, and we heard of your journey towards us on the seas), aurea percussum virga versumque venenis what do you wish? What reason, what need has brought fecit avem Circe sparsitque coloribus alas. your ships to Ausonian shores, over so many azure waves? Tali intus templo divom patriaque Latinus Whether you have entered the river mouth, and lie in harbour, sede sedens Teucros ad sese in tecta vocavit after straying from your course, or driven here by storms, atque haec ingressis placido prior edidit ore: such things as sailors endure on the deep ocean, donÌt shun our hospitality, and donÌt neglect the fact 'Dicite Dardanidae (neque enim nescimus et urbem that the Latins are SaturnÌs people, just, not through constraint or law, et genus auditique advertitis aequore cursum) but of our own free will, holding to the ways of the ancient god. quid petitis? Quae causa rates aut cuius egentis And I remember in truth (though the tale is obscured by time) litus ad Ausonium tot per vada caerula vexit? that the Auruncan elders told how Dardanus, sprung Sive errore viae seu tempestatibus acti from these shores, penetrated the cities of Phrygian Ida, qualia multa mari nautae patiuntur in alto and Thracian Samos, that is now called Samothrace. fluminis intrastis ripas portuque sedetis Setting out from here, from his Etruscan home, Corythus, ne fugite hospitium neve ignorate Latinos now the golden palace of the starlit sky grants him a throne, Saturni gentem haud vinclo nec legibus aequam and he increases the number of divine altars.Ì sponte sua veterisque dei se more tenentem. He finished speaking, and Ilioneus, following, answered so: Atque equidem memini (fama est obscurior annis) ËKing, illustrious son of Faunus, no dark tempest, driving Auruncos ita ferre senes his ortus ut agris us though the waves, forced us onto your shores, Dardanus Idaeas Phrygiae penetravit ad urbes no star or coastline deceived us in our course: Threiciamque Samum quae nunc Samothracia fertur. we travelled to this city by design, and with willing hearts, Hinc illum Corythi Tyrrhena ab sede profectum exiled from our kingdom, that was once the greatest aurea nunc solio stellantis regia caeli that the sun gazed on, as he travelled from the edge of heaven. accipit et numerum divorum altaribus auget.' The founder of our race is Jove, the sons of Dardanus enjoy Jove as their ancestor, our king himself is of JoveÌs high race: Dixerat et dicta Ilioneus sic voce secutus: Trojan, Aeneas, sends us to your threshold. Rex genus egregium Fauni nec fluctibus actos The fury of the storm that poured from fierce Mycenae, atra subegit hiemps vestris succedere terris and crossed the plains of Ida, and how the two worlds of Europe nec sidus regione viae litusve fefellit: and Asia clashed, driven by fate, has been heard by those whom consilio hanc omnes animisque volentibus urbem the most distant lands banish to where Ocean circles back, adferimur pulsi regnis quae maxima quondam and those whom the zone of excessive heat, stretched extremo veniens Sol aspiciebat Olympo. between the other four, separates from us. Ab Iove principium generis Iove Dardana pubes Sailing out of that deluge, over many wastes of sea, gaudet avo rex ipse Iovis de gente suprema we ask a humble home for our countryÌs gods, and a harmless Troius Aeneas tua nos ad limina misit. stretch of shore, and air and water accessible to all. Quanta per Idaeos saevis effusa Mycenis WeÌll be no disgrace to the kingdom, nor will your reputation tempestas ierit campos quibus actus uterque be spoken of lightly, nor gratitude for such an action fade, Europae atque Asiae fatis concurrerit orbis nor Ausonia regret taking Troy to her breast. audiit et siquem tellus extrema refuso I swear by the destiny of Aeneas, and the power of his right hand, summovet oceano et siquem extenta plagarum whether proven by any man in loyalty, or war and weapons, quattuor in medio dirimit plaga solis iniqui. many are the peoples, many are the nations (do not scorn us Diluvio ex illo tot vasta per aequora vecti because we offer peace-ribbons, and words of prayer, unasked) dis sedem exiguam patriis litusque rogamus who themselves sought us and wished to join with us: innocuum et cunctis undamque auramque patentem. but through divine destiny we sought out your shores Non erimus regno indecores nec vestra feretur to carry out its commands. Dardanus sprang from here, fama levis tantique abolescet gratia facti Apollo recalls us to this place, and, with weighty orders, drives us nec Troiam Ausonios gremio excepisse pigebit. to Tuscan Tiber, and the sacred waters of the Numician fount. Fata per Aeneae iuro dextramque potentem Moreover our king offers you these small tokens of his sive fide seu quis bello est expertus et armis: former fortune, relics snatched from burning Troy. multi nos populi multae (ne temne quod ultro His father Anchises poured libations at the altar from this gold, praeferimus manibus vittas ac verba precantia) this was PriamÌs burden when by custom he made laws et petiere sibi et voluere adiungere gentes; for the assembled people, the sceptre, and sacred turban, sed nos fata deum vestras exquirere terras and the clothes, laboured on by the daughters of Ilium.Ì imperiis egere suis. Hinc Dardanus ortus; huc repetit iussisque ingentibus urguet Apollo Tyrrhenum ad Thybrim et fontis vada sacra Numici. At IlioneusÌs words Latinus kept his face set firmly Dat tibi praeterea fortunae parva prioris downward, fixed motionless towards the ground, moving his eyes munera reliquias Troia ex ardente receptas. alone intently. It is not the embroidered purple that moves Hoc pater Anchises auro libabat ad aras; the king nor PriamÌs sceptre, so much as his dwelling hoc Priami gestamen erat cum iura vocatis on his daughterÌs marriage and her bridal-bed, more daret populis sceptrumque sacerque tiaras and he turns over in his mind old FaunusÌs oracle: Iliadumque labor vestes.' this must be the man, from a foreign house, prophesied by the fates as my son-in-law, and summoned to reign Talibus Ilionei dictis defixa Latinus with equal powers, whose descendants will be illustrious obtutu tenet ora soloque immobilis haeret in virtue, and whose might will take possession of all the world. intentos volvens oculos. Nec purpura regem At last he spoke, joyfully: ËMay the gods favour this beginning, picta movet nec sceptra movent Priameia tantum and their prophecy. Trojan, what you wish shall be granted. quantum in conubio natae thalamoque moratur I do not reject your gifts: you will not lack the wealth et veteris Fauni voluit sub pectore sortem of fertile fields, or TroyÌs wealth, while Latinus is king. hunc illum fatis externa ab sede profectum Only, if Aeneas has such longing for us, if he is eager portendi generum paribusque in regna vocari to join us in friendship and be called our ally, let him come auspiciis huic progeniem virtute futuram himself and not be afraid of a friendly face: it will be egregiam et totum quae viribus occupet orbem. part of the pact, to me, to have touched your leaderÌs hand. tandem laetus ait: 'Di nostra incepta secundent Now you in turn take my reply to the king: auguriumque suum; dabitur Troiane quod optas I have a daughter whom the oracles from my fatherÌs shrine, mullera nec sperno. Non vobis rege Latino and many omens from heaven, will not allow to unite divitis uber agri Troiaeve opulentia deerit. with a husband of our race: sons will come from foreign shores, Ipse modo Aeneas nostri si tanta cupido est whose blood will raise our name to the stars: this they prophesy si iungi hospitio properat sociusque vocari is in store for Latium,. I both think and, if my mind foresees adveniat voltus neve exhorrescat amicos: the truth, I hope that this is the man destiny demands.Ì illi pacis erit dextram tetigisse tyranni. So saying the king selected stallions from his whole stable vos contra regi mea nunc mandata referte. (three hundred stood there sleekly in their high stalls): Est mihi nata viro gentis quam iungere nostrae immediately he ordered one to be led to each Trojan by rank, non patrio ex adyto sortes non plurima caelo caparisoned in purple, swift-footed, with embroidered housings monstra sinunt: generos externis adfore ab oris (gold collars hung low over their chests, covered in gold, hoc Latio restare canunt qui sanguine nostrum they even champed bits of yellow gold between their teeth), nomen in astra ferant. Hunc illum poscere fata and for the absent Aeneas there was a chariot, with twin horses, et reor et siquid veri mens augurat opto.' of heavenÌs line, blowing fire from their nostrils, haec effatus equos numero pater eligit omni bastards of that breed of her fatherÌs, the Sun, that cunning (stabant ter centum nitidi in praesaepibus altis): Circe had produced, by mating them with a mortal mare. omnibus extemplo Teucris iubet ordine duci The sons of Aeneas, mounting the horses, rode back instratos ostro alipedes pictisque tapetis; with these words and gifts of Latinus, bearing peace. aurea pectoribus demissa monilia pendent tecti auro fulvum mandunt sub dentibus aurum; absenti Aeneae currunt geminosque iugalis But behold, the ferocious wife of Jove returning semine ab aetherio spirantis naribus ignem from InachusÌs Argos, winging her airy way, illorum de gente patri quos daedala Circe saw the delighted Aeneas and his Trojan fleet, supposita de matre nothos furata creavit. from the distant sky, beyond Sicilian Pachynus. Talibus Aeneadae donis dictisque Latini She gazed at them, already building houses, already confident sublimes in equis redeunt pacemque reportant. in their land, the ships deserted: she halted pierced by a bitter pang. Then shaking her head, she poured these words from her breast: Ecce autem Inachiis sese referebat ab Argis ËAh loathsome tribe, and Trojan destiny, opposed to my saeva Iovis coniunx aurasque invecta tenebat own destiny! Could they not have fallen on the Sigean plains, et laetum Aenean classemque ex aethere longe could they not have been held as captives? Could burning Troy Dardaniam Siculo prospexit ab usque Pachyno. not have consumed these men? They find a way through moliri iam tecta videt iam fidere terrae the heart of armies and flames. And I think my powers must deseruisse rates: stetit acri fixa dolore. be exhausted at last, or I have come to rest, my anger sated. Tum quassans caput haec effundit pectore dicta: Why, when they were thrown out of their country I ventured 'Heu stirpem invisam et fatis contraria nostris to follow hotly through the waves, and challenge them on every ocean. fata Phrygum! Num Sigeis occumbere campis The forces of sea and sky have been wasted on these Trojans. num capti potuere capi num incensa cremavit What use have the Syrtes been to me, or Scylla, or gaping Troia viros? Medias acies mediosque per ignis Charybdis? They take refuge in their longed-for TiberÌs channel, invenere viam. At credo mea numina tandem indifferent to the sea and to me. Mars had the power fessa iacent odiis aut exsaturata quievi. to destroy the LapithsÌ vast race, the father of the gods himself Quin etiam patria excussos infesta per undas conceded ancient Calydon, given DianaÌs anger, ausa sequi et profugis toto me opponere ponto! and for what sin did the Lapiths or Calydon, deserve all that? Absumptae in Teucros vires caelique marisque. But I, JoveÌs great Queen, who in my wretchedness had the power Quid Syrtes aut Scylla mihi quid vasta Charybdis to leave nothing untried, who have turned myself to every means, profuit? Optato conduntur Thybridis alveo am conquered by Aeneas. But if my divine strength is not securi pelagi atque mei. Mars perdere gentem enough, I wonÌt hesitate to seek help wherever it might be: immanem Lapithum valuit concessit in iras if I cannot sway the gods, IÌll stir the Acheron. ipse deum antiquam genitor Calydona Dianae I accept itÌs not granted to me to withhold the Latin kingdom, quod scelus aut Lapithis tantum aut Calydona merentem? and by destiny Lavinia will still, unalterably, be his bride: Ast ego magna Iovis coniunx nil linquere inausum but I can draw such things out and add delays, quae potui infelix quae memet in omnia verti and I can destroy the people of these two kings. vincor ab Aenea. Quod si mea numina non sunt Let father and son-in-law unite at the cost of their nationsÌ lives: magna satis dubitem haud equidem implorare quod usquam est: virgin, your dowry will be Rutulian and Trojan blood, flectere si nequeo superos Acheronta movebo. and Bellona, the goddess of war, waits to attend your marriage. Non dabitur regnis esto prohibere Latinis Nor was it Hecuba, CisseusÌs daughter, alone who was pregnant atque immota manet fatis Lavinia coniunx: with a fire-brand, or gave birth to nuptial flames. at trahere atque moras tantis licet addere rebus Why, Venus is alike in her child, another Paris, at licet amborum populos exscindere regum. another funeral torch for a resurrected Troy.Ì Hac gener atque socer coeant mercede suorum: When she had spoken these words, fearsome, she sought the earth: sanguine Troiano et Rutulo dotabere virgo and summoned Allecto, the grief-bringer, from the house et Bellona manet te pronuba. Nec face tantum of the Fatal Furies, from the infernal shadows: in whose Cisseis praegnans ignis enixa iugalis mind are sad wars, angers and deceits, and guilty crimes. quin idem Veneri partus suus et Paris alter A monster, hated by her own father Pluto, hateful funestaeque iterum recidiva in Pergama taedae.' to her Tartarean sisters: she assumes so many forms, Haec ubi dicta dedit terras Horrenda petivit: her features are so savage, she sports so many black vipers. luctificam Allecto dirarum ab sede dearum Juno roused her with these words, saying: infernisque ciet tenebris cui tristia bella ËGrant me a favour of my own, virgin daughter of Night, iraeque insidiaeque et crimina noxia cordi. this service, so that my honour and glory are not weakened, Odit et ipse pater Pluton odere sorores and give way, and the people of Aeneas cannot woo Tartareae monstrum: tot sese vertit in ora Latinus with intermarriage, or fill the bounds of Italy. tam saevae facies tot pullulat atra colubris. YouÌve the power to rouse brothers, who are one, to conflict, Quam Iuno his acuit verbis ac talia fatur: and overturn homes with hatred: you bring the scourge 'Hunc mihi da proprium virgo sata Nocte laborem and the funeral torch into the house: youÌve a thousand names, hanc operam ne noster honos infractave cedat and a thousand noxious arts. Search your fertile breast, fama loco neu conubiis ambire Latinum shatter the peace accord, sow accusations of war: Aeneadae possint Italosve obsidere finis. let men in a moment need, demand and seize their weapons.Ì Tu potes unanimos armare in proelia fratres atque odiis versare domos tu verbera tectis funereasque inferre faces tibi nomina mille So Allecto, steeped in the GorgonÌs poison, first searches out mille nocendi artes. Fecundum concute pectus Latium and the high halls of the Laurentine king, disice compositam pacem sere crimina belli: and sits at the silent threshold of Queen Amata, whom arma velit poscatque simul rapiatque inventus.' concerns and angers have troubled, with a womanÌs passion, concerning the TrojanÌs arrival, and TurnusÌs marriage. Exin Gorgoneis Allecto infecta venenis The goddess flings a snake at her from her dark locks, principio Latium et Laurentis tecta tyranni and plunges it into the breast, to her innermost heart, so that celsa petit tacitumque obsedit limen Amatae maddened by the creature, she might trouble the whole palace. quam super adventu Teucrum Turnique hymenaeis Sliding between her clothing, and her polished breast, femineae ardentem curaeque iraeque coquebant. it winds itself unfelt and unknown to the frenzied woman, Huic dea caeruleis unum de crinibus anguem breathing its viperous breath: the powerful snake becomes her conicit inque sinum praecordia ad intuma subdit twisted necklace of gold, becomes the loop of her long ribbon, quo furibunda domum monstro permisceat omnem. knots itself in her hair, and roves slithering down her limbs. Ille inter vestes et levia pectora lapsus And while at first the sickness, sinking within as liquid venom, volvitur attactu nullo fallitque furentem pervades her senses, and clasps her bones with fire, vipeream inspirans animam: fit tortile collo and before her mind has felt the flame through all its thoughts, aurum ingens coluber fit longae taenia vittae she speaks, softly, and in a motherÌs usual manner, innectitque comas et membris lubricus errat. weeping greatly over the marriage of her daughter to the Trojan: Ac dum prima lues udo sublapsa veneno ËO, have you her father no pity for your daughter or yourself? pertemptat sensus atque ossibus implicat ignem Have you no pity for her mother, when the faithless seducer necdum animus toto percepit pectore flammam will leave with the first north-wind, seeking the deep, with the girl mollius et solito matrum de more locuta est as prize? WasnÌt it so when Paris, that Phrygian shepherd, multa super nata lacrimans Phrygiisque hymenaeis: entered Sparta, and snatched LedaÌs Helen off to the Trojan cities? 'Exsulibusne datur ducenda Lavinia Teucris What of your sacred pledge? What of your former care for your own O genitor nec te miseret gnataeque tuique? people, and your right hand given so often to your kinsman Turnus? Nec matris miseret quam primo aquilone relinquet If a son-in-law from a foreign tribe is sought for the Latins, perfidus alta petens abducta virgine praedo? and itÌs settled, and your father FaunusÌs command weighs on you, An non sic Phrygius penetrat Lacedaemona pastor then I myself think that every land free of our rule Ledaeamque Helenam Troianas vexit ad urbes? that is distant, is foreign: and so the gods declare. Quid tua sancta fides quid cura antiqua tuorum And if the first origins of his house are traced, Inachus et consanguineo totiens data dextera Turno? and Acrisius are ancestors of Turnus, and Mycenae his heartland.Ì Si gener externa petitur de gente Latinis When, though trying in vain with words, she sees Latinus idque sedet Faunique premunt te iussa parentis stand firm against her, and when the snakeÌs maddening venom omnem equidem sceptris terram quae libera nostris has seeped deep into her flesh, and permeated throughout, dissidet externam reor et sic dicere divos. then, truly, the unhappy queen, goaded by monstrous horrors, Et Turno si prima domus repetatur origo rages madly unrestrainedly through the vast city. Inachus Acrisiusque patres mediaeque Mycenae.' As a spinning-top, sometimes, that boys intent on play thrash in a circle round an empty courtyard, turns under the whirling lash, His ubi nequiquam dictis experta Latinum - driven with the whip it moves in curving tracks: and the childish crowd contra stare videt penitusque in viscera lapsum marvel over it in innocence, gazing at the twirling boxwood: serpentis furiale malum totamque pererrat and the blows grant it life: so she is driven through the heart tum vero infelix ingentibus excita monstris of cities and proud peoples, on a course that is no less swift. immensam sine more furit lymphata per urbem. Moreover, she runs to the woods, pretending Bacchic possession, Ceu quondam torto volitans sub verbere turbo setting out on a greater sin, and creating a wider frenzy, quem pueri magno in gyro vacua atria circum and hides her daughter among the leafy mountains, intenti ludo exercent; ille actus habena to rob the Trojans of their wedding and delay the nuptials, curvatis fertur spatiis; stupet inscia supra shrieking ËEuhoeÌ to Bacchus, crying ËYou alone are worthy inpubesque manus mirata volubile buxum; of this virgin: itÌs for you in truth she lifts the soft thyrsus, dant animos plagae: non cursu segnior illo you she circles in the dance, for you she grows her sacred hair.Ì per medias urbes agitur populosque feroces. Rumour travels: and the same frenzy drives all the women, Quin etiam in silvas simulato numine Bacchi inflamed, with madness in their hearts, to seek strange shelter. maius adorta nefas maioremque orsa furorem They leave their homes, and bare their head and neck to the winds: evolat et natam frondosis montibus abdit while others are already filling the air with vibrant howling quo thalamum eripiat Teucris taedasque moretur carrying vine-wrapped spears, and clothed in fawn-skins. Euhoe Bacche fremens solum te virgine dignum The wild Queen herself brandishes a blazing pine-branch vociferans etenim mollis tibi sumere thyrsos in their midst, turning her bloodshot gaze on them, and sings te lustrare choro sacrum tibi pascere crinem. the wedding-song for Turnus and her daughter, and, suddenly Fama volat furiisque accensas pectore matres fierce, cries out: ËO, women of Latium, wherever you are, hear me: idem omnis simul ardor agit nova quaerere tecta: if you still have regard for unhappy Amata in your pious hearts, deseruere domos ventis dant colla comasque if youÌre stung with concern for a motherÌs rights, ast aliae tremulis ululatibus aethera complent loose the ties from your hair, join the rites with me.Ì pampineasque gerunt incinctae pellibus hastas; So Allecto drives the Queen with Bacchic goad, far and wide, ipsa inter medias flagrantem fervida pinum through the woods, among the wild creaturesÌ lairs. sustinet ac natae Turnique canit hymenaeos sanguineam torquens aciem torvumque repente clamat: 'Io matres audite ubi quaeque When she saw she had stirred these first frenzies enough, Siqua piis animis manet infelicis Amatae and had disturbed LatinusÌs plans, and his whole household, gratia si iuris materni cura remordet the grim goddess was carried from there, at once, on dark wings, solvite crinalis vittas capite orgia mecum.' to the walls of Turnus, the brave Rutulian, the city they say Talem inter silvas inter deserta ferarum that Danae, blown there by a violent southerly, built reginam Allecto stimulis agit undique Bacchi. with her Acrisian colonists. The place was once called Ardea by our ancestors, and Ardea still remains as a great name, Postquam visa satis primos acuisse furores its good-fortune past. Here, in the dark of night, consiliumque omnemque domum vertisse Latini Turnus was now in a deep sleep, in his high palace. protinus hinc fuscis tristis dea tollitur alis Allecto changed her fierce appearance and fearful shape, audacis Rutuli ad muros quam dicitur urbem transformed her looks into those of an old woman, Acrisioneis Danae fundasse colonis furrowed her ominous brow with wrinkles, assumed praecipiti delata noto. Locus Ardea quondam white hair and sacred ribbon, then twined an olive spray there: dictus avis et nunc magnum manet Ardea nomen she became Calybe, JunoÌs old servant, and priestess of her temple, sed fortuna fuit; tectis hic Turnus in altis and offered herself to the young manÌs eyes with these words: iam mediam nigra carpebat nocte quietem. ËTurnus, will you see all your efforts wasted in vain, Allecto torvam faciem et furialia membra and your sceptre handed over to Trojan settlers? exuit in vultus sese transformat anilis; The king denies you your bride and the dowry looked for et frontem obscenam rugis arat induit albos by your race, and a stranger is sought as heir to the throne. cum vitta crinis tum ramum innectit olivae; Go then, be despised, offer yourself, un-thanked, to danger: fit Calybe Iunonis anus templique sacerdos go, cut down the Tuscan ranks, protect the Latins with peace! et iuveni ante oculos his se cum vocibus offert: This that I now say to you, as you lie there in the calm of night, 'Turne tot incassum fusos patiere labores SaturnÌs all-powerful daughter herself ordered me to speak openly. et tua Dardaniis transcribi sceptra colonis? So rise, and ready your men, gladly, to arm and march Rex tibi coniugium et quaesitas sanguine dotes from the gates to the fields, and set fire to the painted ships abnegat externusque in regnum quaeritur heres. anchored in our noble river, and the Trojan leaders with them. I nunc ingratis offer te inrise The vast power of the gods demands it. Let King Latinus Tyrrhenas i sterne acies; tege pace Latinos. himself feel it, unless he agrees to keep his word and give you Haec adeo tibi me placida cum nocte iaceres your bride, and let him at last experience Turnus armed.Ì ipsa palam fari omnipotens Saturnia iussit. At this the warrior, mocking the priestess, opened his mouth in turn: Quare age et armari pubem portisque moveri ËThe news that a fleet has entered TiberÌs waters laetus in arma para et Phrygios qui flumine pulchro has not escaped my notice, as you think: consedere duces pictasque exure carinas. donÌt imagine itÌs so great a fear to me. Caelestum vis magna iubet. Rex ipse Latinus Nor is Queen Juno unmindful of me. ni dare coniugium et dicto parere fatetur But you, O mother, old age, conquered by weakness sentiat et tandem Turnum experiatur in armis.' and devoid of truth, troubles with idle cares, and mocks a prophetess, amidst the wars of kings, with imaginary terrors. Hic iuvenis vatem inridens sic orsa vicissim Your dutyÌs to guard the godsÌ statues and their temples: ore refert: 'Classis invectas Thybridis undam men will make war and peace, by whom warÌs to be made.Ì non ut rere meas effugit nuntius auris. Allecto blazed with anger at these words. Ne tantos mihi finge metus; nec regia Iuno And, as the young man spoke, a sudden tremor seized his body, inmemor est nostri. and his eyes became fixed, the Fury hissed with so many snakes, Sed te victa situ verique effeta senectus such a form revealed itself: then turning her fiery gaze on him, o mater curis nequiquam exercet et arma she pushed him away as he hesitated, trying to say more, regum inter falsa vatem formidine ludit. and raised up a pair of serpents amidst her hair, Cura tibi divom effigies et templa tueri: and cracked her whip, and added this through rabid lips: bella viri pacemque gerent quis bella gerenda.' ËSee me, conquered by weakness, whom old age, devoid of truth, mocks with imaginary terrors amongst the wars of kings. Talibus Allecto dictis exarsit in iras Look on this: I am here from the house of the Fatal Sisters, at iuveni oranti subitus tremor occupat artus and I bring war and death in my hand.Ì deriguere oculi: tot Erinys sibilat hydris So saying, she flung a burning branch at the youth, tantaque se facies aperit; tum flammea torquens and planted the brand, smoking with murky light, in his chest. lumina cunctantem et quaerentem dicere plura An immense terror shattered his sleep, and sweat, pouring reppulit et geminos erexit crinibus anguis from his whole body drenched flesh and bone. verberaque insonuit rabidoque haec addidit ore: Frantic, he shouted for weapons, looked for weapons by the bedside, 'En ego victa situ quam veri effeta senectus and through the palace: desire for the sword raged in him, arma inter regum falsa formidine ludit. and the accursed madness of war, anger above all: Respice ad haec: adsum dirarum ab sede sororum as when burning sticks are heaped, with a fierce crackling, bella manu letumque gero.' under the belly of a raging cauldron, and the depths Sic effata facem iuveni coniecit et atro dance with the heat, the smoking mixture seethes inside, lumine fumantis fixit sub pectore taedas. the water bubbles high with foam, the liquid can no longer Olli somnum ingens rumpit pavor ossaque et artus contain itself, and dark vapour rises into the air. perfundit toto proruptus corpore sudor; So, violating the peace, he commanded his young leaders arma amens fremit arma toro tectisque requirit; to march against King Latinus, and ordered the troops to be readied, saevit amor ferri et scelerata insania belli to defend Italy, to drive the enemy from her borders: ira super: magno veluti cum flamma sonore his approach itself would be enough for both Trojans and Latins. virgea suggeritur costis undantis aeni When he gave the word, and called the gods to witness his vows, exsultantque aestu latices furit intus aquai the Rutuli vied in urging each other to arm. fumidus atque alte spumis exuberat amnis This man is moved by TurnusÌs youth and outstanding nobility nec iam se capit unda volat vapor ater ad auras. of form, that by his royal line, this one again by his glorious deeds. Ergo iter ad regem polluta pace Latinum indicit primis iuvenum et iubet arma parari tutari Italiam detrudere finibus hostem: While Turnus was rousing the Rutulians with fiery courage, se satis ambobus Teucrisque venire Latinisque. Allecto hurled herself towards the Trojans, on Stygian wings, Haec ubi dicta dedit divosque in vota vocavit spying out, with fresh cunning, the place on the shore certatim sese Rutuli exhortantur in arma: where handsome Iulus was hunting wild beasts on foot with nets. hunc decus egregium formae movet atque iuventae HadesÌs Virgin drove his hounds to sudden frenzy, hunc atavi reges hunc claris dextera factis. touching their muzzles with a familiar scent, so that they eagerly chased down a stag: this was a prime Dum Turnus Rutulos animis audacibus implet cause of trouble, rousing the spirits of the countrymen to war. Allecto in Teucros Stygiis se concitat alis There was a stag of outstanding beauty, with huge antlers, arte nova speculata locum quo litore pulcher that, torn from its motherÌs teats, Tyrrhus and his sons had raised, insidiis cursuque feras agitabat Iulus. the father being the man to whom the kingÌs herds submitted, Hic subitam canibus rabiem Cocytia virgo and who was trusted with managing his lands far and wide. obicit et noto naris contingit odore Silvia, their sister, training it to her commands with great care, ut cervum ardentes agerent; quae prima laborum adorned its antlers, twining them with soft garlands, grooming causa fuit belloque animos accendit agrestis. the wild creature, and bathing it in a clear spring. Tame to the hand, Cervus erat forma praestanti et cornibus ingens and used to food from the masterÌs table, it wandered the woods, Tyrrhidae pueri quem matris ab ubere raptum and returned to the familiar threshold, by itself, however late at night. nutribant Tyrrhusque pater cui regia parent Now while it strayed far a-field, Iulus the huntsmanÌs armenta et late custodia credita campi. frenzied hounds started it, by chance, as it moved Adsuetum imperiis soror omni Silvia cura downstream, escaping the heat by the grassy banks. mollibus intexens ornabat cornua sertis Iulus himself inflamed also with desire for high pectebatque ferum puroque in fonte lavabat. honours, aimed an arrow from his curved bow, Ille manum patiens mensaeque adsuetus erili the goddess unfailingly guiding his errant hand, errabat silvis rursusque ad limina nota and the shaft, flying with a loud hiss, pierced flank and belly. ipse domum sera quamvis se nocte ferebat. But the wounded creature fleeing to its familiar home, Hunc procul errantem rabidae venantis Iuli dragged itself groaning to its stall, and, bleeding, filled commovere canes fluvio cum forte secundo the house with its cries, like a person begging for help. deflueret ripaque aestus viridante levaret. Silvia, the sister, beating her arms with her hands in distress, was Ipse etiam eximiae laudis succensus amore the first to call for help, summoning the tough countrymen. Ascanius curvo direxit spicula cornu; They arrived quickly (since a savage beast haunted the silent woods) nec dextrae erranti deus afuit actaque multo one with a fire-hardened stake, one with a heavy knotted staff: perque uterum sonitu perque ilia venit harundo. anger made a weapon of whatever each man found Saucius at quadrupes nota intra tecta refugit as he searched around. Tyrrhus called out his men: successitque gemens stabulis questuque cruentus since by chance he was quartering an oak by driving atque imploranti similis tectum omne replebat. wedges, he seized his axe, breathing savagely. Silvia prima soror palmis percussa lacertos Then the cruel goddess, seeing the moment to do harm, auxilium vocat et duros conclamat agrestis. found the stableÌs steep roof, and sounded the herdsmenÌs Olli pestis enim tacitis latet aspera silvis call, sending a voice from Tartarus through the twisted horn, inprovisi adsunt hic torre armatus obusto so that each grove shivered, and the deep woods echoed: stipitis hic gravidi nodis: quod cuique repertum DianaÌs distant lake at Nemi heard it: white NarÌs river, rimanti telum ira facit. Vocat agmina Tyrrhus with its sulphurous waters, heard: and the fountains of Velinus: quadrifidam quercum cuneis ut forte coactis while anxious mothers clasped their children to their breasts. scindebat rapta spirans immane securi. Then the rough countrymen snatching up their weapons, gathered At saeva e speculis tempus dea nacta nocendi more quickly, and from every side, to the noise with which ardua tecta petit stabuli et de culmine summo that dread trumpet sounded the call, nor were the Trojan pastorale canit signum cornuque recurvo youth slow to open their camp, and send out help to Ascanius. Tartaream intendit vocem qua protinus omne The lines were deployed. They no longer competed contremuit nemus et silvae insonuere profundae; with solid staffs, and fire-hardened stakes, in a rustic quarrel, audiit et Triviae longe lacus audiit amnis but fought it out with double-edged blades, and a dark crop sulfurea Nar albus aqua fontesque Velini of naked swords bristled far and wide: bronze shone et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos. struck by the sun, and hurled its light up to the clouds: Tum vero ad vocem celeres qua bucina signum as when a wave begins to whiten at the windÌs first breath, dira dedit raptis concurrunt undique telis and the sea swells little by little, and raises higher waves, indomiti agricolae; nec non et Troia pubes then surges to heaven out of its profoundest depths. Ascanio auxilium castris effundit apertis. Here young Almo, in the front ranks, the eldest Direxere acies. Non iam certamine agresti of TyrrhusÌs sons, was downed by a hissing arrow: stipitibus duris agitur sudibusve praeustis the wound opened beneath his throat, choking the passage sed ferro ancipiti decernunt atraque late of liquid speech, and failing breath, with blood. horrescit strictis seges ensibus aeraque fulgent The bodies of many men were round him, old Galaesus sole lacessita et lucem sub nubila iactant: among them, killed in the midst of offering peace, who was fluctus uti primo coepit cum albescere vento one of the most just of men, and the wealthiest in Ausonian land: paulatim sese tollit mare et altius undas five flocks bleated for him, five herds returned erigit inde imo consurgit ad aethera fundo. from his fields, and a hundred ploughs furrowed the soil. Hic iuvenis primam ante aciem stridente sagitta natorum Tyrrhi fuerat qui maximus Almo sternitur; haesit enim sub gutture volnus et udae While they fought over the plain, in an equally-matched contest, vocis iter tenuemque inclusit sanguine vitam. the goddess, having, by her actions, succeeded in what sheÌd promised, Corpora multa virum circa seniorque Galaesus having steeped the battle in blood, and brought death in the first skirmish, dum paci medium se offert iustissimus unus left Hesperia, and wheeling through the air of heaven qui fuit Ausoniisque olim ditissimus arvis: spoke to Juno, in victory, in a proud voice: quinque greges illi balantum quina redibant ËBehold, for you, discord is completed with sad war: armenta et terram centum vertebat aratris. tell them now to unite as friends, or join in alliance. Since IÌve sprinkled the Trojans with Ausonian blood, Atque ea per campos aequo dum Marte geruntur IÌll even add this to it, if IÌm assured that itÌs your wish promissi dea facta potens ubi sanguine bellum IÌll bring neighbouring cities into the war, with rumour, imbuit et primae commisit funera pugnae inflaming their minds with love of warÌs madness, so that they come deserit Hesperiam et caeli convexa per auras with aid from every side: IÌll sow the fields with weapons.Ì Iunonem victrix adfatur voce superba: Then Juno answered: ËThatÌs more than enough terror and treachery: 'En perfecta tibi bello discordia tristi: the reasons for war are there: armed, they fight hand to hand, dic in amicitiam coeant et foedera iungant. and the weapons that chance first offered are stained with fresh blood. Quando quidem Ausonio respersi sanguine Teucros Such be the marriage, such be the wedding-rites that this hoc etiam his addam tua si mihi certa voluntas: illustrious son of Venus, and King Latinus himself, celebrate. finitimas in bella feram rumoribus urbes The Father, the ruler of high Olympus, does not wish you accendamque animos insani Martis amore to wander too freely in the ethereal heavens. undique ut auxilio veniunt; spargam arma per agros.' Leave this place. Whatever chance for trouble remains Tum contra Iuno; 'Terrorum et fraudis abunde est; I will handle.Ì So spoke SaturnÌs daughter: stant belli causae pugnatur comminus armis Now, the Fury raised her wings, hissing with serpents, quae fors prima dedit sanguis novus imbuit arma. and sought her home in Cocytus, leaving the heights above. Talia coniugia et talis celebrent hymenaeos ThereÌs a place in Italy, at the foot of high mountains, egregium Veneris genus et rex ipse Latinus. famous, and mentioned by tradition, in many lands, Te super aetherias errare licentius auras the valley of Amsanctus: woods thick with leaves hem it in, haud pater ille velit summi regnator Olympi: darkly, on both sides, and in the centre a roaring torrent cede locis; ego siqua super fortuna laborum est makes the rocks echo, and coils in whirlpools. ipsa regam.' Talis dederat Saturnia voces. There a fearful cavern, a breathing-hole for cruel Dis, Illa autem attollit stridentis anguibus alas is shown, and a vast abyss, out of which Acheron bursts, Cocytique petit sedem supera ardua linquens. holds open its baleful jaws, into which the Fury, Est locus Italiae medio sub montibus altis that hated goddess, plunged, freeing earth and sky. nobilis et fama multis memoratus in oris Amsancti valles: densis hunc frondibus atrum urguet utrimque latus nemoris medioque fragosus Meanwhile SaturnÌs royal daughter was no less active, dat sonitum saxis et torto vertice torrens. setting a final touch to the war. The whole band of herdsmen Hic specus horrendum et saevi spiracula Ditis rushed into the city from the battle, bringing back the dead, monstrantur ruptoque ingens Acheronte vorago the boy Almo, and Galaesus, with a mangled face, pestiferas aperit fauces quis condita Erinys and invoking the gods, and entreating Latinus. invisum numen terras caelumque levabat. Turnus was there, and ,at the heart of the outcry, he redoubled their terror of fire and slaughter: Nec minus interea extremam Saturnia bello ËTrojans are called upon to reign: Phrygian stock imponit regina manum. Ruit omnis in urbem mixes with ours: I am thrust from the door.Ì pastorum ex acie numerus caesosque reportant Then those whose women, inspired by Bacchus, pranced about Almonem puerum foedatique ora Galaesi in the pathless woods, in the godÌs dance (for AmataÌs name is not trivial), implorantque deos obtestanturque Latinum. drawing together from every side, gathered to make their appeal to Mars. Turnus adest medioque in crimine caedis et igni Immediately, with perverse wills, all clamoured for warÌs terrorem ingeminat: Teucros in regna vocari atrocities, despite the omens, despite the godÌs decrees,. stirpem admisceri Phrygiam se limine pelli. They vied together in surrounding King LatinusÌs palace: Tum quorum attonitae Baccho nemora avia matres like an immoveable rock in the ocean, he stood firm, insultant thiasis (neque enim leve nomen Amatae) like a rock in the ocean, when a huge breaker falls, undique collecti coeunt Martemque fatigant. holding solid amongst a multitude of howling waves, Ilicet infandum cuncti contra omina bellum while round about the cliffs and foaming reefs roar, in vain, contra fata deum perverso numine poscunt and seaweed, hurled against its sides, is washed back again. certatim regis circumstant tecta Latini. As no power was really granted him to conquer Ille velut pelagi rupes immota resistit their blind will, and events moved to cruel JunoÌs orders, ut pelagi rupes magno veniente fragore with many appeals to the gods and the helpless winds, quae sese multis circum latrantibus undis the old man cried: ËAlas, we are broken by fate, and swept away mole tenet; scopuli nequiquam et spumea circum by the storm! Oh, wretched people, youÌll pay the price yourselves saxa fremunt laterique inlisa refunditur alga. for this, with sacrilegious blood. You, Turnus, your crime and its punishment await you, and too late youÌll entreat the gods with prayers. Verum ubi nulla datur caecum exsuperare potestas My share is rest, yet at the entrance to the harbour consilium et saevae nutu Iunonis eunt res IÌm robbed of all contentment in dying.Ì Speaking no more multa deos aurasque pater testatus inanis: he shut himself in the palace, and let fall the reins of power. 'Frangimur heu fatis ' inquit 'ferimurque procella! Ipsi has sacrilego pendetis sanguine poenas O miseri. Te Turne nefas There was a custom in Hesperian Latium, which supplicium votisque deos venerabere seris. the Alban cities always held sacred, as great Rome Nam mihi parta quies omnisque in limine portus; does now, when they first rouse Mars to battle, funere felici spolior.' Nec plura locutus whether they prepare to take sad war in their hands saepsit se tectis rerumque reliquit habenas. to the Getae, the Hyrcanians, or the Arabs, or to head East Mos erat Hesperio in Latio quem protinus urbes pursuing the Dawn, to reclaim their standards from Parthia: Albanae coluere sacrum nunc maxima rerum there are twin gates of War (so they are named), Roma colit cum prima movent in proelia Martem sanctified by religion, and by dread of fierce Mars: sive Getis inferre manu lacrimabile bellum a hundred bars of bronze, and ironÌs eternal strength, Hyrcanisve Arabisve parant seu tendere ad Indos lock them, and Janus the guardian never leaves the threshold. Auroramque sequi Parthosque reposcere signa. When the final decision of the city fathers is for battle, Sunt geminae belli portae (sic nomine dicunt) the Consul himself, dressed in the Quirine toga, folded religione sacrae et saevi formidine Martis; in the Gabine manner, unbars these groaning doors, himself, centum aerei claudunt vectes aeternaque ferri and himself invokes the battle: then the rest of the men robora nec custos absistit limine Ianus: do so too, and bronze horns breathe their hoarse assent. has ubi certa sedet patribus sententia pugnae Latinus was also commanded to declare war in this way ipse Quirinali trabea cinctuque Gabino on AeneasÌs people, and unbolt the sad gates, insignis reserat stridentia limina consul but the old man held back his hand, and shrank ipse vocat pugnas; sequitur tum cetera pubes from the vile duty, hiding himself in dark shadows. aereaque adsensu conspirant cornua rauco. Then the Queen of the gods, gliding from the sky, Hoc et tum Aeneadis indicere bella Latinus set the reluctant doors in motion, with her own hand: more iubebatur tristisque recludere portas. SaturnÌs daughter forced open the iron gates of War Abstinuit tactu pater aversusque refugit on their hinges. Italy, once peaceful and immoveable, was alight. foeda ministeria et caecis se condidit umbris. Some prepared to cross the plains on foot, others stirred Tum regina deum caelo delapsa morantis the deep dust on noble horses: all demanded weapons. impulit ipsa manu portas et cardine verso Others polished smooth shields, and bright javelins, belli ferratos rumpit Saturnia postes. with thick grease, and sharpened axes on grindstones: Ardet inexcita Ausonia atque immobilis ante; they delighted in carrying standards and hearing the trumpet call. Pars pedes ire parat campis pars arduus altis So five great cities set up anvils and forged pulverulentus equis furit; omnes arma requirunt. new weapons: powerful Atina, proud Tibur, Pars levis clipeos et spicula lucida tergent Ardea, Crustumeri, and towered Antemnae. arvina pingui subiguntque in cote secures; They beat out helmets to protect their heads, and wove signaque ferre iuvat sonitusque audire tubarum. wickerwork frames for shields: others hammered Quinque adeo magnae positis incudibus urbes breastplates of bronze, and shiny greaves of malleable silver: tela novant Atina potens Tiburque superbum to this they yielded pride in the shareÌs blade and the sickle, all their Ardea Crustumerique et turrigerae Antemnae. passion for the plough: they recast their fatherÌs swords in the furnace. Tegmina tuta cavant capitum flectuntque salignas And now the trumpets began to sound, the word that signalled war umbonum cratis; alii thoracas aenos went round: this man, in alarm, snatched his helmet from his home, aut levis ocreas lento ducunt argento; another harnessed quivering horses to the yoke, took up his shield, vomeris huc et falcis honos huc omnis aratri and triple-linked coat of mail, and fastened on his faithful sword. cessit amor; recoquunt patrios fornacibus enses. Classica iamque sonant; it bello tessera signum. Hic galeam tectis trepidus rapit ille frementis Now Muses, open wide Helicon, and begin a song ad iuga cogit equos clipeumque auroque trilicem of kings who were roused to war: what ranks of followers loricam induitur fidoque accingitur ense. each one had, filling the plain: with what men even then ItalyÌs rich earth flowered: with what armies she shone: Pandite nunc Helicona deae cantusque movete since, goddesses, you remember, and have the power to tell: qui bello exciti reges quae quemque secutae while a faint breath of their fame has barely reached us. complerint campos acies quibus Itala iam tum First fierce Mezentius enters the war, that scorner of gods, floruerit terra alma viris quibus arserit armis. from the Tuscan shore, and rouses his troops to arms. Et meministis enim divae et memorare potestis: His son, Lausus, is beside him, than whom no other is ad nos vix tenuis famae perlabitur aura. more handsome in form, except Laurentine Turnus. Lausus, the tamer of horses, who subdues wild beasts, Primus init bellum Tyrrhenis asper ab oris leads a thousand men from AgyllaÌs town, who follow him contemptor divom Mezentius agminaque armat. in vain, deserving to be happier than under his fatherÌs Filius huic iuxta Lausus quo pulchrior alter rule, a father who might perhaps not be a Mezentius. non fuit excepto Laurentis corpore Turni Aventinus follows them, the handsome son of handsome Hercules, Lausus equum domitor debellatorque ferarum displaying his palm-crowned chariot and victorious horses, ducit Agyllina nequiquam ex urbe secutos over the turf, and carries his fatherÌs emblem on his shield: mille viros dignus patriis qui laetior esset a hundred snakes, and the Hydra wreathed with serpents: imperiis et cui pater haud Mezentius esset. the priestess Rhea brought him to the shores of light, in a secret birth, in the woods, on the Aventine Hill, Post hos insignem palma per gramina currum a woman mated to a god when Tyrinthian Hercules, victoresque ostentat equos satus Hercule pulchro the conqueror who slew Geryon, came to the Laurentine fields, pulcher Aventinus clipeoque insigne paternum and bathed his Spanish cattle in the Tuscan stream. centum angues cinctamque gerit serpentibus hydram; His men carry javelins and grim pikes, in their hands, to war, collis Aventini silva quem Rhea sacerdos and fight with polished swords and Sabellian spears. furtivum partu sub luminis edidit oras He himself, on foot, a huge lion skin swinging, mixta deo mulier postquam Laurentia victor with terrifying unkempt mane, and with its white teeth Geryone extincto Tirynthius attigit arva crowning his head, enters the royal palace, just like that, Tyrrhenoque boves in flumine lavit Hiberas. a savage, with HerculesÌs clothing fastened round his shoulders. Pila manu saevosque gerunt in bella dolones Then twin-brothers, Catillus, and brave Coras, et tereti pugnant mucrone veruque Sabello. Argive youths, leaving the walls of Tibur, Ipse pedes tegumen torquens immane leonis and a people named after their brother Tiburtus, terribili impexum saetacum dentibus albis borne into the forefront of the army, among the dense spears, indutus capiti sic regia tecta subibat like cloud-born Centaurs descending from a high peak horridus Herculeoque umeros innexus amictu. in the mountains, leaving Homole and snow-covered Othrys in their swift course: the vast woods give way as they go, Tum gemini fratres Tiburtia moenia linquunt and, with a loud crash, the thickets yield to them. fratris Tiburti dictam cognomine gentem Nor is Caeculus the founder of PraenesteÌs city missing, Catillusque acerque Coras Argiva iuventus who as every age has believed was born a king, to Vulcan, et primam ante aciem densa inter tela feruntur: among the wild cattle, and discovered on the hearth, ceu duo nubigenae cum vertice montis ab alto heÌs followed by a rustic army drawn from far and wide, descendunt centauri Homolen Othrymque nivalem men who live in steep Praeneste, and the fields of Juno linquentes cursu rapido; dat euntibus ingens of Gabii, and beside cool Anio, and among the Hernican rocks silva locum et magno cedunt virgulta fragore. dew-wet from the streams: those you nurture, rich Anagnia, and you father Amasenus. They donÌt all have weapons Nec Praenestinae fundator defuit urbis or shields, or rumbling chariots: most fling pellets of blue lead, Volcano genitum pecora inter agrestia regem some carry twin darts in their hand, and have reddish inventumque focis omnis quem credidit aetas caps of wolf-skin for headgear: the left foot is bare Caeculus. Hunc late legio comitatur agrestis: as they walk, a boot of raw hide protects the other. quique altum Praeneste viri quique arva Gabinae And Messapus, NeptuneÌs son, tamer of horses, Iunonis gelidumque Anienem et roscida rivis whom no oneÌs permitted to fell with fire or steel, Hernica saxa colunt quos dives Anagnia pascit now suddenly calls to arms his settled tribes, and troops quos Amasene pater. Non illis omnibus arma unused to war, and grasps the sword again. nec clipei currusve sonant: pars maxima glandes These hold FescenniumÌs lines and Aequi FalisciÌs, liventis plumbi spargit pars spicula gestat those SoracteÌs heights and FlaviniumÌs fields, bina manu fulvosque lupi de pelle galeros and CiminusÌs lake and hill, and CapenaÌs groves. tegmen habent capiti vestigia nuda sinistri They march to a steady beat, and sing of their king: instituere pedis crudus tegit altera pero. as the river Cayster and the Asian meadows, struck from afar, echo sometimes, when the snowy swans, among the flowing clouds, At Messapus equum domitor Neptunia proles return from pasture, and make melodious music from their long throats. quem neque fas igni cuiquam nec sternere ferro No one would think that bronze-clad ranks were joined iam pridem resides populos desuetaque bello in such a crowd, but an airy cloud of strident birds agmina in arma vocat subito ferrumque retractat. driving shore-wards from the deep gulf. Hi Fescenninas acies Aequosque Faliscos. Behold, Clausus, of ancient Sabine blood, leading Hi Soractis habent arces Flaviniaque arva a great army, and worth a great army in his own right. et Cimini cum monte lacum lucosque Capenos. Now the Claudian tribe and race has spread, from him, Ibant aequati numero regemque canebant through Latium, since Rome was shared with the Sabines. ceu quondam nivei liquida inter nubila cycni With him, a vast company from Amiternum, and ancient Quirites cum sese e pastu referunt et longa canoros from Cures, all the forces of Eretum, and olive-clad Mutusca: dant per colla modos sonat amnis et Asia longe those who live in Nomentum town, and the Rosean fields, by Lake pulsa palus. Velinus, those from TetricaÌs bristling cliffs, and from Mount Severus, Nec quisquam aeratas acies ex agmine tanto and Casperia and Foruli, and from beside HimellaÌs stream, misceri putet aeriam sed gorgite ab alto those who drink the Tiber and Fabaris, those cold Nursia sent, urgueri volucrum raucarum ad litora nubem. and the armies of Horta and the Latin peoples, and those whom Allia, unlucky name, flows between and divides: Ecce Sabinorum prisco de sanguine magnum as many as the waves that swell in LibyaÌs seas, agmen agens Clausus magnique ipse agminis instar when fierce OrionÌs buried by the wintry waters, Claudia nunc a quo diffunditur et tribus et gens or thick as the ears of corn scorched by the early sun, per Latium postquam in partem data Roma Sabinis. in the plain of Hermus, or LyciaÌs yellow fields. Una ingens Amiterna cohors priscique Quirites The shields clang, and the earth is terrified by the tramp of feet. Ereti manus omnis oliviferaeque Mutuscae; Next Halaesus, AgamemnonÌs son, hostile to the Trojan name, qui Nomentum urbem qui Rosea rura Velini harnesses his horses to his chariot, and hastens a thousand qui Tetricae horrentis rupes montemque Severum warlike tribes to Turnus, men who turn the fertile Casperiamque colunt Forulosque et flumen Himellae Massic soil for Bacchus, and those the Auruncan elders qui Tiberim Fabarimque bibunt quos frigida misit have sent from the high hills, and the Sidicine levels nearby, Nursia et Hortinae classes populique Latini those who have left Cales behind, and those who live quosque secans infaustum interluit Allia nomen: by VolturnusÌs shallow river, and by their side the rough quam multi Libyco volvuntur marmore fluctus Saticulan and the Oscan men. Polished javelins are their saevus ubi Orion hibernis conditur undis; weapons, but their custom is to attach a flexible leash. vel cum sole novo densae torrentur aristae A shield protects their left, with curved swords for close fighting. aut Hermi campo aut Lyciae flaventibus arvis. Nor shall you, Oebalus, go un-sung in our verses, Scuta sonant pulsuque pedum conterrita tellus. you whom they say the nymph Sebethis bore to Telon, who is old now, when he held the throne of Teleboan Hinc Agamemnonius Troiani nominis hostis Capreae: but not content with his fatherÌs fields, curru iungit Halaesus equos Turnoque ferocis even then the son exercised his power over mille rapit populos vertunt felicia Baccho the Sarrastrian peoples, and the plains that Sarnus waters, Massica qui rastris et quos de collibus altis and those who hold Rufrae and Batulum and CelemnaÌs fields, Aurunci misere patres Sidicinaque iuxta who are used to throwing their spears in the Teuton fashion: aequora quique Cales linquunt amnisque vadosi and those apple-growers that the ramparts of Abella look down on, accola Volturni pariterque Saticulus asper whose head-cover is bark stripped from a cork-tree: Oscorumque manus. Teretes sunt aclydes illis and their bronze shields gleam, their swords gleam with bronze. tela sed haec lento mos est aptare flagello; And you too Ufens, sent to battle from mountainous Nersae, laevas caetra tegit falcati comminus enses. well known to fame, and fortunate in arms, whose people of the hard Aequian earth, are especially Nec tu carminibus nostris indictus abibis tough, and hunt extensively in the forests. Oebale quem generasse Telon Sebethide nympha They plough the earth while armed, and always delight fertur Teleboum Capreas cum regna teneret in carrying off fresh spoils, and living on plunder. iam senior; patriis sed non et filius arvis There came a priest as well, of the Marruvian race, contentus late iam tum dicione premebat sent by King Archippus, sporting a frond of fruitful olive Sarrastis populos et quae rigat aequora Sarnus above his helmet, Umbro the most-valiant, quique Rufras Batulumque tenent atque arva Celemnae who, by incantation and touch, was able to shed sleep et quos maliferae despectant moenia Abellae on the race of vipers and water-snakes with poisonous breath, Teutonico ritu soliti torquere cateias soothing their anger, and curing their bites, by his arts. tegmina quis capitum raptus de subere cortex But he had no power to heal a blow from a Trojan spear-point, aerataeque micant peltae micat aereus ensis. nor did sleep-inducing charms, or herbs found on Marsian hills, help him against wounds. For you, AngitiaÌs grove wept: Et te montosae misere in proelia Nersae FucinusÌs glassy wave, for you: for you, the crystal lakes. Ufens insignem fama et felicibus armis; And Virbius, HippolytusÌs son, most handsome, went horrida praecipue cui gens adsuetaque multo to the war, whom his mother Aricia sent in all his glory, venatu nemorum duris Aequicula glaebis. He was reared in EgeriaÌs groves, round the marshy shores, Armati terram exercent semperque recentis where DianaÌs altar stands, rich and forgiving. convectare iuvat praedas et vivere rapto. For they tell in story that Hippolytus, after he had fallen prey to his stepmother PhaedraÌs cunning, and, torn apart by stampeding Quin et Marruvia venit de gente sacerdos horses, had paid the debt due to his father with his blood, fronde super galeam et felici comptus oliva. came again to the heavenly stars, and the upper air beneath Archippi regis missu fortissimus Umbro the sky, recalled by ApolloÌs herbs and DianaÌs love. vipereo generi et graviter spirantibus hydris Then the all-powerful father, indignant that any mortal spargere qui somnos cantuque manuque solebat should rise from the shadows to the light of life, mulcebatque iras et morsus arte levabat. hurled Aesculapius, ApolloÌs son, the discoverer Sed non Dardaniae medicari cuspidis ictum of such skill and healing, down to the Stygian waves. evaluit neque eum iuvere in volnera cantus But kindly Diana hid Hippolytus in a secret place, somniferi et Marsis quaesitae montibus herbae. and sent him to the nymph Egeria, to her grove, Te nemus Angitiae vitrea te Fucinus unda where he might spend his life alone, unknown, te liquidi flevere lacus. in the Italian woods, his name altered to Virbius. So too horses are kept away from the temple of Diana Ibat et Hippolyti proles pulcherrima bello Trivia, and the sacred groves, they who, frightened Virbius insignem quem mater Aricia misit by sea-monsters, spilt chariot and youth across the shore. eductum Egeriae lucis umentia circum litora pinguis ubi et placabilis ara Dianae. Namque ferunt fama Hippolytum postquam arte novercae Turnus himself went to and from, among the front ranks, grasping occiderit patriasque explerit sanguine poenas his weapons, pre-eminent in form, overtopping the rest by a head. turbatis distractus equis ad sidera rursus His tall helmet was crowned with a triple plume, holding up aetheria et superas caeli venisse sub auras a Chimaera, breathing the fires of Etna from its jaws, Paeoniis revocatum herbis et amore Dianae. snarling the more, and the more savage with sombre flames Tum pater omnipotens aliquem indignatus ab umbris the more violent the battle becomes, the more blood is shed. mortalem infernis ad lumina surgere vitae But on his polished shield was Io, with uplifted horns, ipse repertorem medicinae talis et artis fashioned in gold, already covered with hair, already a heifer, fulmine Phoebigenam Stygias detrusit ad undas. a powerful emblem, and Argus, that virginÌs watcher, At Trivia Hippolytum secretis alma recondit and old Inachus pouring his river out of an engraved urn. sedibus et nymphae Egeriae nemorique relegat A cloud of infantry followed, and the ranks with shields solus ubi in silvis Italis ignobilis aevom were thick along the plain, Argive men exigeret versoque ubi nomine Virbius esset. and Auruncan troops, Rutulians and old Sicanians, Unde etiam templo Triviae lucisque sacratis and the Sacranian lines, and Labicians, their shields painted: cornipedes arcentur equi quod litore currum and those who farmed your woodland pastures, Tiber, et iuvenem monstris pavidi effudere marinis. and NumiciusÌs holy shore, and those whose ploughshare Filius ardentis haud setius aequore campi turns Rutulian hills or CirceÌs headland, those whose fields exercebat equos curruque in bella ruebat. Jupiter of Anxur guards, or Feronia, pleased with her green groves: those from where SaturaÌs black marsh lies, and from where Ipse inter primos praestanti corpore Turnus chill Ufens finds his valleyÌs course, and is buried in the sea. vertitur arma tenens et toto vertice supra est. Besides all these came Camilla, of the Volscian race, Cui triplici crinita iuba galea alta Chimaeram leading her line of horse, and troops gleaming with bronze, sustinet Aetnaeos efflantem faucibus ignis: a warrior girl, her hands not trained to MinervaÌs distaff, tam magis illa fremens et tristibus effera flammis and basket of wool, but toughened to endure a fight, quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae. and, with her quickness of foot, out-strip the winds. At levem clipeum sublatis cornibus Io She might have skimmed the tips of the stalks of uncut auro insignibat iam saetis obsita iam bos corn, and not bruised their delicate ears with her running: (argumentum ingens) et custos virginis Argus or, hanging above the swelling waves, taken her path through caelataque amnem fundens pater Inachus urna. the heart of the deep, and not dipped her quick feet in the sea. Insequitur nimbus peditum clipeataque totis All of the young men flooding from houses and fields, agmina densentur campis Argivaque pubes and the crowds of women marvelled, and gazed, at her as she went by, Auruncaeque manus Rutuli veteresque Sicani in open-mouthed wonder at how the splendour of royal purple et Sacranae acies et picti scuta Labici; draped her smooth shoulders, how her brooch clasped her hair qui saltus Tiberine tuos sacrumque Numici with gold, how she herself carried her Lycian quiver, litus arant Rutulosque exercent vomere colles and a shepherdÌs myrtle staff, tipped with the point of a spear. Circaeumque iugum quis Iuppiter Anxurus arvis praesidet et viridi gaudens Feronia luco; When Turnus raised the war-banner on the Laurentine qua Saturae iacet atra palus gelidusque per imas citadel, and the trumpets blared out their harsh music, quaerit iter vallis atque in mare conditur Ufens. when he roused his fiery horses and clashed his weapons, hearts were promptly stirred, all Latium together Hos super advenit Volsca de gente Camilla swore allegiance in restless commotion, and young men agmen agens equitum et florentis aere catervas raged wildly. The main leaders, Messapus, Ufens bellatrix non illa colo calathisve Minervae and Mezentius, scorner of gods, gathered their forces femineas adsueta manus sed proelia virgo from every side, stripping the broad acres of farmers. dura pati cursuque pedum praevertere ventos. And Venulus was sent to great DiomedesÌs city, Arpi, Illa vel intactae segetis per summa volaret to seek help, and explain that the Trojans were planted in Latium, gramina nec teneras cursu laesisset aristas Aeneas had arrived with his fleet, carrying his vanquished gods, vel mare per medium fluctu suspensa tumenti and pronouncing himself a king summoned by destiny, ferret iter celeris nec tingueret aequore plantas. that many tribes were joining the Trojan hero, Illam omnis tectis agrisque effusa iuventus and his name was spreading far and wide in Latium. turbaque miratur matrum et prospectat euntem What Aeneas was intending given these beginnings, attonitis inhians animis ut regius ostro what outcome he desired from the war, if fortune velet honos levis umeros ut fibula crinem followed him, might be seen more clearly by Diomedes, auro internectat Lyciam ut gerat ipsa pharetram himself, than by King Turnus or King Latinus. et pastoralem praefixa cuspide myrtum. So it was in Latium. Meanwhile the Trojan hero of LaomedonÌs line, seeing all this, tosses on a vast sea of cares, UT belli signum Laurenti Turnus ab arce and swiftly casts his mind this way and that, seizing extulit et rauco strepuerunt cornua cantu on various ideas, turning everything over: utque acris concussit equos utque impulit arma as when tremulous light from the water in a bronze bowl, extemplo turbati animi simul omne tumultu thrown back by sunshine, or the moonÌs radiant image, coniurat trepido Latium saevitque iuventus flickers far and wide over everything, then angles effera. Ductores primi Messapus et Ufens upwards, and strikes the panelled ceiling overhead. contemptorque deum Mezentius undique cogunt auxilia et latos vastant cultoribus agros. mittitur et magni Venulus Diomedis ad urbem It was night, and through all the land, deep sleep gripped weary qui petat auxilium et Latio consistere Teucros creatures, bird and beast, when Aeneas, the leader, lay down advectum Aenean classi victosque penatis on the river-bank, under the cold arch of the heavens, his heart inferre et fatis regem se dicere posci troubled by warÌs sadness, and at last allowed his body to rest. edoceat multasque viro se adiungere gentis Old Tiberinus himself, the god of the place, appeared to him, Dardanio et late Latio increbrescere nomen. rising from his lovely stream, among the poplar leaves Quid struat his coeptis quem si Fortuna sequatur (fine linen cloaked him in a blue-grey eventum pugnae cupiat manifestius ipsi mantle, and shadowy reeds hid his hair), quam Turno regi aut regi apparere Latino. Then he spoke, and with his words removed all cares: ËO seed of the race of gods, who bring our Trojan city Talia per Latium. Quae Laomedontius heros back from the enemy, and guard the eternal fortress, cuncta videns magno curarum fluctuat aestu long looked-for on Laurentine soil, and in Latin fields, atque animum nunc huc celerem nunc dividit illuc. here is your house, and your houseÌs gods, for sure In partisque rapit varias perque omnia versat: (do not desist), donÌt fear the threat of war, sicut aquae tremulum labris ubi lumen aenis the godsÌ swollen anger has died away. sole repercussum aut radiantis imagine lunae And now, lest you think this sleepÌs idle fancy, youÌll find omnia pervolitat late loca iamque sub auras a huge sow lying on the shore, under the oak trees, erigitur summique ferit lacuaria tecti. that has farrowed a litter of thirty young, a white sow, Nox erat et terras animalia fessa per omnis lying on the ground, with white piglets round her teats, alituum pecudumque genus sopor altus habebat: That place shall be your city, thereÌs true rest from your labours. cum pater in ripa gelidique sub aetheris axe By this in a space of thirty years Ascanius Aeneas tristi turbatus pectora bello will found the city of Alba, bright name. procubuit seramque dedit per membra quietem. I do not prophesy unsurely. Now (attend), in a few words Huic deus ipse loci fluvio Tiberinus amoeno IÌll explain how you can emerge the victor from what will come. populeas inter senior se attollere frondes Arcadians have chosen a site on this coast, a race descended visus; eum tenuis glauco velabat amictu from Pallas, friends of King Evander, who followed carbasus et crinis umbrosa tegebat harundo his banner, and located their city in the hills, tum sic adfari et curas his demere dictis: named, from their ancestor Pallas, Pallantium. They wage war endlessly with the Latin race: summon them 'O sate gente deum Troianam ex hostibus urbem as allies to your camp, and join in league with them. qui revehis nobis aeternaque Pergama servas IÌll guide you myself along the banks by the right channels, exspectate solo Laurenti arvisque Latinis so you can defeat the opposing current with your oars. hic tibi certa domus certi ne absiste Rise, now, son of the goddess, and, as the first stars set, neu belli terrere minis: tumor omnis et irae offer the prayers due to Juno, and with humble vows concessere deum. overcome her anger and her threats. Pay me honour as victor. [Iamque tibi ne vana putes haec fingere somnum I am him whom you see scouring the banks, litoreis ingens inventa sub ilicibus sus with my full stream, and cutting through rich farmlands, triginta capitum fetus enixa iacebit blue Tiber, the river most dear to heaven. Here is alba solo recubans albi circum ubera nati. my noble house, my fount flows through noble cities.Ì Hic locus urbis erit requies ea certa laborum ex quo ter denis urbem redeuntibus annis Ascanius clari condet cognominis Albam. He spoke: then the river plunged into a deep pool, Haud incerta cano.] Nunc qua ratione quod instat seeking its floor: night and sleep left Aeneas. expedias victor paucis (adverte) docebo. He rose and, looking towards the heavenly sunÌs Arcades his oris genus a Pallante profectum eastern light, raised water from the stream qui regem Euandrum comites qui signa secuti in his cupped hands, and poured out this prayer to heaven: delegere locum et posuere in montibus urbem ËNymphs, Laurentine Nymphs, from whom come the tribe Pallantis proavi de nomine Pallanteum. of rivers, and you, O Father Tiber, and your sacred stream, Hi bellum adsidue ducunt cum gente Latina; receive Aeneas, and shield him at last from danger. hos castris adhibe socios et foedera iunge. In whatever fountain the water holds you, pitying our trials, Ipse ego te ripis et recto flumine ducam from whatever soil you flow in your supreme beauty, adversum remis superes subvectus ut amnem. you will always be honoured by my tributes, by my gifts, Surge age nate dea primisque cadentibus astris horned river, ruler of the Hesperian waters. Iunoni fer rite preces iramque minasque O, only be with me and prove your will by your presence.Ì supplicibus supera votis. Mihi victor honorem So he spoke, and chose two galleys from his fleet, manned them persolves. Ego sum pleno quem flumine cernis with oarsmen, and also equipped his men with weapons. stringentem ripas et pinguia culta secantem But behold a sudden wonder, marvellous to the sight, caeruleus Thybris caelo gratissimus amnis. gleaming white through the trees, a sow the same colour Hic mihi magna domus celsis caput urbibus exit.' as her white litter, seen lying on the green bank: dutiful Aeneas, carrying the sacred vessel, sets her with her young before the altar Dixit deinde lacu fluvius se condidit alto and sacrifices her to you, to you indeed, most powerful Juno. ima petens; nox Aenean somnusque reliquit. Tiber calmed his swelling flood all that night long, Surgit et aetherii spectans orientia solis and flowing backwards stilled his silent wave, so that lumina rite cavis undam de flumine palmis he spread his watery levels as in a gentle pool, sustinet ac talis effundit ad aethera voces: or placid swamp, so it would be effortless for the oars. 'Nymphae Laurentes nymphae genus amnibus unde est Therefore they sped on the course begun, with happy tuque o Thybri tuo genitor cum flumine sancto murmurs, the oiled pine slipped through the shallows: accipite Aenean et tandem arcete periclis. the waves marvelled, the woods marvelled, unused to the far-gleaming Quo te cumque lacus miserantem incommoda nostra shields of heroes, and the painted ships floating in the river. fonte tenet quocumque solo pulcherrimus exis They wore out a night and a day with their rowing semper honore meo semper celebrabere donis navigated long bends, were shaded by many kinds of trees, corniger hesperidum fluvius regnator aquarum. and cut through the green woods, over the calm levels. Adsis o tantum et propius tua numina firmes.' The fiery sun had climbed to the mid-point of the skyÌs arc, sic memorat geminasque legit de classe biremis when they saw walls and a fort in the distance, and the scattered remigioque aptat socios simul instruit armis. roofs of houses, which Roman power has now raised heavenwards: then Evander owned a poor affair. They turned the prows Ecce autem subitum atque oculis mirabile monstrum; quickly towards land, and approached the town. candida per silvam cum fetu concolor albo procubuit viridique in litore conspicitur sus. Quam pius Aeneas tibi enim tibi maxuma Iuno By chance that day the Arcadian king was making solemn offering mactat sacra ferens et cum grege sistit ad aram. to Hercules, AmphitryonÌs mighty son, and other gods in a grove Thybris ea fluvium quam longa est nocte tumentem in front of the city. His son Pallas was with him, and with him leniit et tacita refluens ita substitit unda were all the leading young men, and his impoverished senate mitis ut in morem stagni placidaeque paludis offering incense, and the warm blood smoked on the altars. sterneret aequor aquis remo ut luctamen abesset. When they saw the noble ships: that they were gliding Ergo iter inceptum celerant rumore secundo; through the shadowy woods, rowing with silent oars: labitur uncta vadis abies; mirantur et undae they were alarmed at the sudden sight and rose together, miratur nemus insuetum fulgentia longe leaving the tables. But proud Pallas ordered them not to break off scuta virum fluvio pictasque innare carinas. the rites, and seizing his spear flew off to meet the strangers himself, Olli remigio noctemque diemque fatigant and at some distance shouted from a hillock: ËWarriors what motive et longos superant flexus variisque teguntur drives you to try unknown paths? Where are you heading? arboribus viridisque secant placido aequore silvas. What people are you? Where from? Do you bring peace or war?Ì Sol medium caeli conscenderat igneus orbem Then Aeneas the leader spoke from the high stern, cum muros arcemque procul ac rara domorum holding out a branch of olive in peace: ËYou are looking tecta vident quae nunc Romana potentia caelo at men of Trojan birth, and spears hostile to the Latins, aequavit tum res inopes Euandrus habebat: men whom they force to flee through arrogant warfare. ocius advertunt proras urbique propinquant. We seek Evander. Take my message and say that the chosen leaders of Troy have come, asking for armed alliance.Ì Forte die sollemnem illo rex Arcas honorem Pallas was amazed, awestruck by that great name: Amphitryoniadae magno divisque ferebat ËO whoever you may be, disembark, and speak to my father ante urbem in luco. Pallas huic filius una face to face, and come beneath our roof as a guest.Ì una omnes iuvenum primi pauperque senatus And he took his hand and gripped it tight in welcome: tura dabant tepidusque cruor fumabat ad aras. they left the river, and went on into the grove. Ut celsas videre rates atque inter opacum Then Aeneas spoke to King Evander, in words of friendship: adlabi nemus et tacitis incumbere remis ËNoblest of the sons of Greece, whom Fortune determines me terrentur visu subito cunctique relictis to make request of, offering branches decked with sacred ribbons: consurgunt mensis. Audax quos rumpere Pallas indeed I did not fear your being a leader of Greeks, sacra vetat raptoque volat telo obvius ipse an Arcadian, and joined to the race of the twin sons of Atreus, et procul e tumulo: 'Iuvenes quae causa subegit since my own worth, and the godÌs holy oracles, ignotas temptare vias quo tenditis?' inquit. our fathers being related, your fame known throughout the world, 'Qui genus? Unde domo? Pacemne huc fertis an arma?' connect me to you, and bring me here willingly, through destiny. Tum pater Aeneas puppi sic fatur ab alta Dardanus, our early ancestor, and leader of TroyÌs city, paciferaeque manu ramum praetendit olivae: born of Atlantean Electra, as the Greeks assert, voyaged 'Troiugenas ac tela vides inimica Latinis to TroyÌs Teucrian people: and mightiest Atlas begot Electra, quos illi bello profugos egere superbo. he who supports the heavenly spheres on his shoulders. Euandrum petimus. Ferte haec et dicite lectos Your ancestor is Mercury, whom lovely Maia conceived, Dardaniae venisse duces socia arma rogantis.' and gave birth to on CylleneÌs cold heights: Obstipuit tanto percussus nomine Pallas: and Atlas, if we credit what we hear, begot Maia, 'Egredere o quicumque es' ait 'coramque parentem that same Atlas who lifts the starry sky. adloquere ac nostris succede penatibus hospes.' So both our races branch from the one root. excepitque manu dextramque amplexus inhaesit. Relying on this, I decided on no envoys, no prior attempts Progressi subeunt luco fluviumque relinquunt. through diplomacy: myself, I set before you, myself and my own life, and come humbly to your threshold. Tum regem Aeneas dictis adfatur amicis: The same Daunian race pursues us with war, as you yourself, 'Optume Graiugenum cui me Fortuna precari indeed they think if they drive us out, nothing will stop them et vitta comptos voluit praetendere ramos bringing all Hesperia completely under their yoke, non equidem extimui Danaum quod ductor et Arcas and owning the seas that wash the eastern and western shores. quodque a stirpe fores geminis coniunctus Atridis; Accept and offer friendship. We have brave hearts sed mea me virtus et sancta oracula divom in battle, soldiers and spirits proven in action.Ì cognatique patres tua terris didita fama coniunxere tibi et fatis egere volentem. Dardanus Iliacae primus pater urbis et auctor Aeneas spoke. Evander scanned his face, eyes Electra ut Grai perhibent. Atlantide cretus and form, for a long time with his gaze, as he was speaking. advehitur Teucros; Electram maxumus Atlas Then he replied briefly, so: ËHow gladly I know, and edidit aetherios umero qui sustinet orbes welcome you, bravest of Trojans! How it brings back vobis Mercurius pater est quem candida Maia your fatherÌs speech, the voice and features of noble Anchises! Cyllenae gelido conceptum vertice fudit; For I recall how Priam, son of Laomedon, visiting the realms at Maiam auditis si quicquam credimus Atlas of his sister, Hesione, and seeking Salamis, idem Atlas generat caeli qui sidera tollit. came on further to see the chill territories of Arcadia. Sic genus amborum scindit se sanguine ab uno. In those days first youth clothed my cheeks with bloom, His fretus non legatos neque prima per artem and I marvelled at the Trojan leaders, and marvelled temptamenta tui pepigi: me me ipse meumque at the son of Laomedon himself: but Anchises as he walked obieci caput et supplex ad limina veni. was taller than all. My mind burned with youthful desire Gens eadem quae te crudeli Daunia bello to address the hero, and clasp his hand in mine: insequitur; nos si pellant nihil afore credunt I approached and led him eagerly inside the walls of Pheneus. quin omnem Hesperiam penitus sua sub iuga mittant On leaving he gave me a noble quiver et mare quod supra teneant quodque adluit infra. of Lycian arrows, a cloak woven with gold, Accipe daque fidem: sunt nobis fortia bello and a pair of golden bits, that my Pallas now owns. pectora sunt animi et rebus spectata iuventus.' So the hand of mine you look for is joined in alliance, and when tomorrowÌs dawn returns to the earth, Dixerat Aeneas. Ille os oculosque loquentis IÌll send you off cheered by my help, and aid you with stores. iamdudum et totum lustrabat lumine corpus. Meanwhile, since you come to us as friends, favour us Tum sic pauca refert: 'Ut te fortissime Teucrum by celebrating this annual festival, which it is wrong accipio agnoscoque libens! Ut verba parentis to delay, and become accustomed to your friendsÌ table.Ì et vocem Anchisae magni voltumque recordor! When he had spoken he ordered the food and drink Nam memini Hesionae visentem regna sororis that had been removed to be replaced, and seated Laomedontiaden Priamum Salamina petentem the warriors himself on the turf benches. protinus Arcadiae gelidos invisere finis. He welcomed Aeneas as the principal guest, and invited him Tum mihi prima genas vestibat flore iuventas to a maple-wood throne covered by a shaggy lionÌs pelt. mirabarque duces Teucros mirabar et ipsum Then the altar priest with young men he had chosen Laomedontiaden sed cunctis altior ibat competed to bring on the roast meat from the bulls, Anchises: mihi mens iuvenali ardebat amore pile the baked bread in baskets, and serve the wine. compellare virum et dextrae coniungere dextram. Aeneas and the men of Troy feasted on an entire Accessi et cupidus Phenei sub moenia duxi. chine of beef, and the sacrificial organs. Ille mihi insignem pharetram Lyciasque sagittas discedens chlamydemque auro dedit intertextam frenaque bina meus quae nunc habet aurea Pallas. When hunger had been banished, and desire for food sated, Ergo et quam petitis iuncta est mihi foedere dextra King Evander said: ËNo idle superstition, or ignorance et lux cum primum terris se crastina reddet of the ancient gods, forced these solemn rites of ours, auxilio laetos dimittam opibusque iuvabo. this ritual banquet, this altar to so great a divinity, upon us. Interea sacra haec quando huc venistis amici We perform them, and repeat the honours due, annua quae differre nefas celebrate faventes Trojan guest, because we were saved from cruel perils. nobiscum et iam nunc sociorum adsuescite mensis.' Now look first at this rocky overhanging cliff, how its bulk is widely shattered, and the mountain lair stands deserted, Haec ubi dicta dapes iubet et sublata reponi and the crags have been pulled down in mighty ruin. pocula gramineoque viros locat ipse sedili There was a cave here, receding to vast depths, praecipuumque toro et villosi pelle leonis untouched by the sunÌs rays, inhabited by the fell shape accipit Aenean solioque invitat acerno. of Cacus, the half-human, and the ground was always warm Tum lecti iuvenes certatim araeque sacerdos with fresh blood, and the heads of men, insolently viscera tosta ferunt taurorum onerantque canistris nailed to the doors, hung there pallid with sad decay. dona laboratae Cereris Bacchumque ministrant. Vulcan was father to this monster: and, as he moved Vescitur Aeneas simul et Troiana iuventus his massive bulk, he belched out his dark fires. perpetui tergo bovis et lustralibus extis. Now at last time brought what we wished, the presence and assistance of a god. Hercules, the greatest of avengers, Postquam exempta fames et amor compressus edendi appeared, proud of the killing and the spoils of three-fold rex Euandrus ait: 'Non haec sollemnia nobis Geryon, driving his great bulls along as victor, has ex more dapes hanc tanti numinis aram and his cattle occupied the valley and the river. vana superstitio veterumque ignara deorum And Cacus, his mind mad with frenzy, lest any inposuit: saevis hospes Troiane periclis wickedness or cunning be left un-dared or un-tried servati facimus meritosque novamus honores. drove off four bulls of outstanding quality, and as many Iam primum saxis suspensam hanc aspice rupem heifers of exceptional beauty, from their stalls. disiectae procul ut moles desertaque montis and, so there might be no forward-pointing spoor, the thief stat domus et scopuli ingentem traxere ruinam. dragged them into his cave by the tail, and, reversing Hic spelunca fuit vasto summota recessu the signs of their tracks, hid them in the stony dark: semihominis Caci facies quam dira tenebat no one seeking them would find a trail to the cave. solis inaccessam radiis; semperque recenti Meanwhile, as Hercules, AmphitryonÌs son, was moving caede tepebat humus foribusque adfixa superbis the well-fed herd from their stalls, and preparing to leave, ora virum tristi pendebant pallida tabo. the cattle lowed as they went out, all the woods were filled Huic monstro Volcanus erat pater: illius atros with their complaining, and the sound echoed from the hills. ore vomens ignis magna se mole ferebat. One heifer returned their call, and lowed from the deep cave, Attulit et nobis aliquando optantibus aetas and foiled CacusÌs hopes from her prison. auxilium adventumque dei. Nam maximus ultor At this HerculesÌs indignation truly blazed, with a venomous tergemini nece Geryonae spoliisque superbus dark rage: he seized weapons in his hand, and his heavy Alcides aderat taurosque hac victor agebat knotted club, and quickly sought the slopes of the high mountain. ingentis vallemque boves amnemque tenebant. Then for the first time my people saw Cacus afraid, confusion At furiis Caci mens effera nequid inausum in his eyes: he fled at once, swifter than the East Wind, aut intractatum scelerisve dolive fuisset heading for his cave: fear lent wings to his feet. quattuor a stabulis praestanti corpore tauros As he shut himself in, and blocked the entrance securely, avertit totidem forma superante iuvencas; throwing against it a giant rock, hung there in chains atque hos nequa forent pedibus vestigia rectis by his fatherÌs craft, by shattering the links, behold cauda in speluncam tractos versisque viarum Hercules arrived in a tearing passion, turning his head indiciis raptos saxo occultabat opaco: this way and that, scanning every approach, and gnashing quaerenti nulla ad speluncam signa ferebant. his teeth. Hot with rage, three times he circled the whole Interea cum iam stabulis saturata moveret Aventine Hill, three times he tried the stony doorway in vain, Amphytrioniades armenta abitumque pararet three times he sank down, exhausted, in the valley. discessu mugire boves atque omne querelis A sharp pinnacle of flint, the rock shorn away impleri nemus et colles clamore relinqui. on every side, stood, tall to see, rising behind reddidit una boum vocem vastoque sub antro the cave, a suitable place for vile birds to nest. mugiit et Caci spem custodita fefellit. He shook it, where it lay, itÌs ridge sloping towards the river Hic vero Alcidae furiis exarserat atro on the left, straining at it from the right, loosening its deepest felle dolor: rapit arma manu nodisque gravatum roots, and tearing it out, then suddenly hurling it away, robur et aerii cursu petit ardua montis. the highest heavens thundered with the blow, Tum primum nostri Cacum videre timentem the banks broke apart, and the terrified river recoiled. turbatumque oculis: fugit ilicet ocior Euro But CacusÌs den and his vast realm stood revealed, speluncamque petit pedibus timor addidit alas. and the shadowy caverns within lay open, Ut sese inclusit ruptisque immane catenis no differently than if earth, gaping deep within, deiecit saxum ferro quod et arte paterna were to unlock the infernal regions by force, and disclose pendebat fultosque emuniit obice postis the pallid realms, hated by the gods, and the vast abyss ecce furens animis aderat Tirynthius omnemque be seen from above, and the spirits tremble at incoming light. accessum lustrans huc ora ferebat et illuc So Hercules, calling upon all his weapons, hurled missiles dentibus infrendens. Ter totum fervidus ira at Cacus from above, caught suddenly in unexpected daylight, lustrat Aventini montem ter saxea temptat penned in the hollow rock, with unaccustomed howling, limina nequiquam ter fessus valle resedit. and rained boughs and giant blocks of stone on him. Stabat acuta silex praecisis undique saxis He on the other hand, since there was no escape now speluncae dorso insurgens altissima visu from the danger, belched thick smoke from his throat dirarum nidis domus opportuna volucrum. (marvellous to tell) and enveloped the place in blind darkness, Hanc ut prona iugo laevum incumbebat in amnem blotting the view from sight, and gathering dexter in adversum nitens concussit et imis smoke-laden night in the cave, a darkness mixed with fire. avolsam solvit radicibus; inde repente Hercules in his pride could not endure it, and he threw himself, inpulit inpulsu quo maximus intonat aether with a headlong leap, through the flames, where the smoke dissultant ripae refluitque exterritus amnis. gave out its densest billows, and black mist heaved in the great cavern. At specus et Caci detecta apparuit ingens Here, as Cacus belched out useless flame in the darkness, regia et umbrosae penitus patuere cavernae: Hercules seized him in a knot-like clasp, and, clinging, choked him non secus ac siqua penitus vi terra dehiscens the eyes squeezed, and the throat drained of blood. infernas reseret sedes et regna recludat Immediately the doors were ripped out, and the dark den exposed, pallida dis invisa superque immane barathrum the stolen cattle, and the theft Cacus denied, were revealed cernatur trepident inmisso lumine manes. to the heavens, and the shapeless carcass dragged out Ergo insperata deprensum luce repente by the feet. The people could not get their fill of gazing inclusumque cavo saxo atque insueta rudentem at the hideous eyes, the face, and shaggy bristling chest desuper Alcides telis premit omniaque arma of the half-man, and the ashes of the jawÌs flames. advocat et ramis vastisque molaribus instat. Because of that this rite is celebrated, and happy posterity Ille autem neque enim fuga iam super ulla pericli remembers the day: and Potitius, the first, the founder, with faucibus ingentem fumum (mirabile dictu) the Pinarian House as guardians of the worship of Hercules, evomit involvitque domum caligine caeca set up this altar in the grove, which shall be spoken of for ever prospectum eripiens oculis glomeratque sub antro by us as ËThe MightiestÌ, and the mightiest it shall be for ever. fumiferam noctem commixtis igne tenebris. Come now, O you young men, wreathe your hair with leaves, Non tulit Alcides animis seque ipse per ignem hold out wine-cups in your right hands, in honour of such great glory, praecipiti iecit saltu qua plurimus undam and call on the god we know, and pour out the wine with a will.Ì fumus agit nebulaque ingens specus aestuat atra. He spoke, while grey-green poplar veiled his hair Hic Cacum in tenebris incendia vana vomentem with HerculesÌs own shade, hanging down in a knot of leaves, corripit in nodum complexus et angit inhaerens and the sacred cup filled his hand. Quickly they all poured elisos oculos et siccum sanguine guttur. a joyful libation on the table, and prayed to the gods. Panditur extemplo foribus domus atra revolsis Meanwhile, evening drew nearer in the heavens, abstractaeque boves abiurataeque rapinae and now the priests went out, Potitius leading, caelo ostenduntur pedibusque informe cadaver clothed in pelts as customary, and carrying torches. protrahitur. Nequeunt expleri corda tuendo They restarted the feast, bringing welcome offerings terribilis oculos voltum villosaque saetis as a second course, and piled the altars with heaped plates. pectora semiferi atque extinctos faucibus ignis. Then the Salii, the dancing priests, came to sing round Ex illo celebratus honos laetique minores the lighted altars, their foreheads wreathed with sprays servavere diem primusque Potitius auctor of poplar, one band of youths, another of old men, who praised et domus Herculei custos Pinaria sacri. the glories and deeds of Hercules in song: how as an infant he strangled Hanc aram luco statuit quae maxuma semper the twin snakes in his grip, monsters sent by Juno his stepmother: dicetur nobis et erit quae maxuma semper. how too he destroyed cities incomparable in war, Quare agite o iuvenes tantarum in munere laudum Troy and Oechalia: how he endured a thousand hard labours cingite fronde comas et pocula porgite dextris destined for him by cruel Juno, through King Eurystheus: communemque vocate deum et date vina volentes.' ËYou, unconquerable one, you slew the cloud-born Centaurs, Dixerat Herculea bicolor cum populus umbra bi-formed Hylaeus and Pholus, with your hand: the monstrous velavitque comas foliisque innexa pependit Cretan Bull: and the huge lion below the cliffs of Nemea. et sacer implevit dextram scyphus. Ocius omnes The Stygian Lake trembled before you: Cerberus, HellÌs guardian, in mensam laeti libant divosque precantur. lying on half-eaten bones in his blood-drenched cave: No shape, not Typheus himself, armed and towering Devexo interea propior fit Vesper Olympo upwards, daunted you: your brains were not lacking iamque sacerdotes primusque Potitius ibant when LernaÌs Hydra surrounded you with its swarm of heads. pellibus in morem cincti flammasque ferebant. Hail, true child of Jove, a glory added to the gods, Instaurant epulas et mensae grata secundae visit us and your rites with grace and favouring feet.Ì dona ferunt cumulantque oneratis lancibus aras. Such things they celebrated in song, adding to all this tum Salii ad cantus incensa altaria circum CacusÌs cave, and the fire-breather himself. populeis adsunt evincti tempora ramis All the grove rang with sound, and the hills echoed. hic iuvenum chorus ille senum; qui carmine laudes Herculeas et facta ferunt: ut prima novercae monstra manu geminosque premens eliserit angues Then they all returned to the city, the sacred rites complete. ut bello egregias idem disiecerit urbes The king walked clothed with years, and kept Aeneas and his son Troiamque Oechaliamque ut duros mille labores near him for company, lightening the road with various talk. rege sub Eurystheo fatis Iunonis iniquae Aeneas marvelled, and scanned his eyes about pertulerit. 'Tu nubigenas invicte bimembris eagerly, captivated by the place, and delighted Hylaeeumque Pholumque manu tu Cresia mactas to enquire about and learn each tale of the men of old. prodigia et vastum Nemeae sub rupe leonem. So King Evander, founder of RomeÌs citadel, said: Te Stygii tremuere lacus te ianitor Orci ËThe local Nymphs and Fauns once lived in these groves, ossa super recubans antro semesa cruento; and a race of men born of trees with tough timber, nec te ullae facies non terruit ipse Typhoeus who had no laws or culture, and didnÌt know how arduus arma tenens; non te rationis egentem to yoke oxen or gather wealth, or lay aside a store, Lernaeus turba capitum circumstetit anguis. but the branches fed them, and the hunterÌs wild fare. Salve vera Iovis proles decus addite divis Saturn was the first to come down from heavenly Olympus, et nos et tua dexter adi pede sacra secundo.' fleeing JoveÌs weapons, and exiled from his lost realm. Talia carminibus celebrant; super omnia Caci He gathered together the untaught race, scattered among speluncam adiciunt spirantemque ignibus ipsum. the hills, and gave them laws, and chose to call it Latium, Consonat omne nemus strepitu collesque resultant. from latere, Ëto hideÌ, since he had hidden in safety on these shores. Under his reign was the Golden Age men speak of: Exim se cuncti divinis rebus ad urbem in such tranquil peace did he rule the nations, perfectis referunt. Ibat rex obsitus aevo until little by little an inferior, tarnished age succeeded, et comitem Aenean iuxta natumque tenebat with warÌs madness, and desire for possessions. ingrediens varioque viam sermone levabat. Then the Ausonian bands came, and the Siconian tribes, miratur facilisque oculos fert omnia circum while SaturnÌs land of Latium often laid aside her name: Aeneas capiturque locis et singula laetus then the kings, and savage Thybris, of vast bulk, exquiritque auditque virum monimenta priorum. after whom we Italians call our river by the name Tum rex Euandrus Romanae conditor arcis: of Tiber: the ancient Albula has lost her true name. 'Haec nemora indigenae fauni nymphaeque tenebant As for me, exiled from my country and seeking gensque virum truncis et duro robore nata the limits of the ocean, all-powerful Chance, quis neque mos neque cultus erat nec iungere tauros and inescapable fate, settled me in this place, aut componere opes norant aut parcere parto driven on by my mother the Nymph CarmentisÌs sed rami atque asper victu venatus alebat. dire warnings, and my guardian god Apollo.Ì Primus ab aetherio venit Saturnus Olympo He had scarcely spoken when advancing he pointed out arma Iovis fugiens et regnis exsul ademptis. the altar and what the Romans call the Carmental Gate, Is genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis in ancient tribute to the Nymph Carmentis, composuit legesque dedit Latiumque vocari the far-seeing prophetess, who first foretold maluit his quoniam latuisset tutis in oris. the greatness of AeneasÌs sons, the glory of Pallanteum. Aurea quae perhibent illo sub rege fuere Next he pointed to a vast grove, which brave Romulus would restore saecula. Sic placida populos in pace regebat as a sanctuary, and the Lupercal, the WolfÌs Cave, under a cold cliff, deterior donec paulatim ac decolor aetas named in the Arcadian way for the wolf-god, Lycaean Pan. et belli rabies et amor successit habendi. And he also pointed out the grove of sacred Argiletum Tum manus Ausonia et gentes venere Sicanae calling the place to witness, relating the death of Argus his guest. saepius et nomen posuit Saturnia tellus; He leads him from here to the Tarpeian Rock and the Capitol, tum reges asperque immani corpore Thybris now all gold, once bristling with wild thorns. a quo post Itali fluvium cognomine Thybrim Even then the dreadful holiness of the place awed the fearful diximus amisit verum vetus Albula nomen; country folk, even then they trembled at the wood and the rock. me pulsum patria pelagique extrema sequentem ËA god inhabits this grove,Ì he said, Ë and this hill with its leafy summit, Fortuna omnipotens et ineluctabile fatum (which god is unknown): my Arcadians believe they have seen his posuere locis matrisque egere tremenda Jove himself, as his right hand has often shaken Carmentis nymphae monita et deus auctor Apollo. his darkening shield, and called up the storm clouds. Moreover you can see in these two townships Vix ea dicta: dehinc progressus monstrat et aram with broken walls, the memorials and relics of men of old. et Carmentalem Romani nomine portam Father Janus built this fort, Saturn that: quam memorant nymphae priscum Carmentis honorem this was named the Janiculum, that the Saturnia.Ì vatis fatidicae cecinit quae prima futuros Talking among themselves they came to the house Aeneadas magnos et nobile Pallanteum. of the impoverished Evander, and saw cattle here and there, lowing Hinc lucum ingentem quem Romulus acer Asylum where the Roman Forum and the fashionable Carinae would be. rettulit et gelida monstrat sub rupe Lupercal When they reached the house, Evander said: ËVictorious Hercules Parrhasio dictum Panos de more Lycaei. stooped to entering this doorway, this palace charmed him. Nec non et sacri monstrat nemus Argileti My guest, dare to scorn wealth, and make yourself worthy too testaturque locum et letum docet hospitis Argi. to be a god: donÌt be scathing about the lack of possessions.Ì Hinc ad Tarpeiam sedem et Capitolia ducit He spoke, and led mighty Aeneas beneath the confines aurea nunc olim silvestribus horrida dumis. of his sloping roof, and allotted him a mattress Iam tum religio pavidos terrebat agrestis stuffed with leaves, and the pelt of a Libyan bear: dira loci iam tum silvam saxumque tremebant. Night fell, and embraced the earth with her darkening wings. Hoc nemus hunc ' inquit (quis deus incertum est) habitat deus: Arcades ipsum credunt se vidisse Iovem cum saepe nigrantem Now Venus, a mother fearful, and not without reason, in her mind, aegida concuteret dextra nimbosque cieret. troubled by the Laurentine threats, and fierce uprising, Haec duo praeterea disiectis oppida muris spoke to Vulcan, her husband, in their golden bridal chamber, reliquias veterumque vides monimenta virorum. beginning this way, breathing divine passion into her words: Hanc Ianus pater hanc Saturnus condidit arcem: ËI didnÌt ask weapons of your skill or power, dearest husband, Ianiculum huic illi fuerat Saturnia nomen.' nor any help for my poor people, while the Argive kings Talibus inter se dictis ad tecta subibant destroyed doomed Troy in the war, her citadel fated pauperis Euandri passimque armenta videbant to fall to hostile flames: no, I didnÌt want to exercise Romanoque foro et lautis mugire Carinis. you or your skills in vain, though I owed much indeed Ut ventum ad sedes: 'Haec ' inquit 'limina victor to PriamÌs sons, and often wept at AeneasÌs cruel suffering. Alcides subiit haec illum regia cepit. Now at JoveÌs command he has set foot on Rutulian shores, Aude hospes contemnere opes et te quoque dignum so I come likewise as a suppliant and ask arms of the power finge deo rebusque veni non asper egenis.' sacred to me, a mother on behalf of her son. Thetis, NereusÌs dixit et angusti subter fastigia tecti daughter, and Aurora, TithonusÌs wife, could move you with tears. ingentem Aenean duxit stratisque locavit See what nations gather, what cities, closing their gates, effultum foliis et pelle Libystidis ursae. are sharpening their swords against me, to destroy my people.Ì Nox ruit et fuscis tellurem amplectitur alis. She had spoken, and as he hesitated, the goddess caressed him in a tender embrace, on this side and on that, in her snowy arms. At Venus haud animo nequiquam exterrita mater At once he felt the familiar flame, and that warmth he knew Laurentumque minis et duro mota tumultu penetrated him to the marrow, and ran through his melting bones, Volcanum adloquitur thalamoque haec coniugis aureo no differently than when, with a peal of thunder, a forked incipit et dictis divinum adspirat amorem: streak of fire tears through the storm-clouds with dazzling light: 'Dum bello Argolici vastabant Pergama reges his partner felt it, delighted with her cleverness and conscious debita casurasque inimicis ignibus arces of her beauty. Then old Vulcan spoke, chained by immortal love: non ullum auxilium miseris non arma rogavi ËWhy do you seek instances from the past? Goddess, where artis opisque tuae nec te carissime coniunx has your faith in me gone? If your anxiety then was the same, incassumve tuos volui exercere labores it would have been right for me too to arm the Trojans then: quamvis et Priami deberem plurima natis neither fate nor the almighty Father refused to let Troy stand, et durum Aeneae flevissem saepe laborem. or Priam live, ten years more. And so now, if war is your intent, Nunc Iovis imperiis Rutulorum constitit oris: and your mind is set on it, cease to doubt your powers, entreating ergo eadem supplex venio et sanctum mihi numen whatever care I can promise in my craft, whatever can be made arma rogo genetrix nato. Te filia Nerei of iron and molten electrum, whatever fire and air can do.Ì te potuit lacrimis Tithonia flectere coniunx. Saying these words he gave her a desired embrace, and sinking Aspice qui coeant populi quae moenia clausis onto his wifeÌs breast, sought gentle sleep in every limb. ferrum acuant portis in me exscidiumque meorum.' Dixerat et niveis hinc atque hinc diva lacertis cunctantem amplexu molli fovet. Ille repente When, in vanishing nightÌs mid-course, first rest accepit solitam flammam notusque medullas has conquered the need for sleep: when a woman, intravit calor et labefacta per ossa cucurrit: who supports life with distaff and the humble work non secus atque olim tonitru cum rupta corusco Minerva imposes, first wakes the ashes, and slumbering flames, ignea rima micans percurrit lumine nimbos. adding night hours to her toil, and maintains her servants Sensit laeta dolis et formae conscia coniunx. at their endless task, by lamplight, to keep her husbandÌs bed Tum pater aeterno fatur devinctus amore: pure, and raise her young sons: just so, the god, 'Quid causas petis ex alto? Fiducia cessit with the power of fire, rose now from his soft bed, quo tibi diva mei? Similis si cura fuisset no idler at that hour, to labour at the forge. tum quoque fas nobis Teucros armare fuisset: An island, its rocks smoking, rises steeply by nec pater omnipotens Troiam nec fata vetabant the Sicilian coast, near the flanks of Aeolian Lipare. stare decemque alios Priamum superesse per annos. Beneath it a cave, and the galleries of Etna, eaten at Et nunc si bellare paras atque haec tibi mens est by the Cyclopean furnaces, resound, and the groans from quidquid in arte mea possum promittere curae the anvils are heard echoing the heavy blows, quod fieri ferro liquidove potest electro and masses of Chalybean steel hiss in the caverns, quantum ignes animaeque valent absiste precando and fire breathes through the furnaces. It is VulcanÌs home viribus indubitare tuis.' Ea verba locutus and called Vulcania. Here then the god optatos dedit amplexus placidumque petivit with the power of fire descended from the heavens. coniugis infusus gremio per membra soporem. In the huge cave the Cyclopes, Brontes, Steropes, and bare-limbed Pyrcamon, were forging iron. Inde ubi prima quies medio iam noctis abactae They held a lightning-bolt, shaped with their hands, curriculo expulerat somnum cum femina primum like many of those the Father hurls from all over cui tolerare colo vitam tenuique Minerva the sky, part of it polished, part still left to do. impositum cinerem et sopitos suscitat ignes TheyÌd added three shafts of spiralling rain, three of watery noctem addens operi famulasque ad lumina longo cloud, three of reddening fire, and the winged south wind. exercet penso castum ut servare cubile now they were blending terrifying flashes, into the work, coniugis et possit parvos educere natos: sounds and fears, and fury with following flames. haud secus Ignipotens nec tempore segnior illo Elsewhere they pressed on with a chariot for Mars, with winged wheels, mollibus e stratis opera ad fabrilia surgit. with which he rouses men, with which he rouses cities: Insula Sicanium iuxta latus Aeoliamque and a chilling aegis, the breastplate of Pallas, erigitur Liparen fumantibus ardua saxis competing to burnish its serpent scales of gold, quam subter specus et Cyclopum exesa caminis its interwoven snakes, and the Gorgon herself antra Aetnaea tonant validique incudibus ictus on the goddessÌs breast, with severed neck and rolling eyes: auditi referunt gemitus striduntque cavernis ËAway with all this,Ì he shouts, Ëremove the work stricturae Chalybum et fornacibus ignis anhelat youÌve started, Cyclopes of Etna, and turn your minds to this: Volcani domus et Volcania nomine tellus. youÌre to make arms for a brave hero. Now you Hoc tunc ignipotens caelo descendit ab alto. need strength, swift hands now, all the art now of a master. Ferrum exercebant vasto Cyclopes in antro An end to delay.Ì He said no more, but they all Brontesque Steropesque et nudus membra Pyragmon. bent quickly to the toil, and shared the labour equally. His informatum manibus iam parte polita Bronze and golden ore flowed in streams, fulmen erat toto genitor quae plurima caelo and steel, that deals wounds, melted in a vast furnace. deicit in terras pars inperfecta manebat. They shaped a giant shield, one to stand against all Tris imbris torti radios tris nubis aquosae the weapons of Latium, layering it seven times, addiderant rutili tris ignis et alitis austri: disc on disc. Some sucked in air and blew it out fulgores nunc horrificos sonitumque metumque again with panting bellows, others dipped the hissing bronze miscebant operi flammisque sequacibus iras. in the lake: the cavern groaned beneath the weight of anvils. Parte alia Marti currumque rotasque volucris With mighty force they lifted their arms together in rhythm, instabant quibus ille viros quibus excitat urbes; and turned the mass of metal, gripping it with pincers. aegidaque horriferam turbatae Palladis arma certatim squamis serpentum auroque polibant conexosque anguis ipsamque in pectore divae While the lord of Lemnos hastened the work on the Aeolian Gorgona desecto vertentem lumina collo. shore, the kindly light, and the dawn song of the birds 'Tollite cuncta ' inquit 'coeptosque auferte labores beneath the eaves, called Evander from his humble house. Aetnaei Cyclopes et huc advertite mentem: The old man rose, clothed his body in a tunic arma acri facienda viro. Nunc viribus usus and strapped Tyrrhenian sandals to the soles of his feet. nunc manibus rapidis omni nunc arte magistra. Then he fastened his Tegaean sword over his shoulder Praecipitate moras.' Nec plura effatus; at illi and to his side, flinging back a pantherÌs hide on the left. ocius incubuere omnes pariterque laborem Two guard dogs besides ran ahead from the high sortiti. Fluit aes rivis aurique metallum threshold, and accompanied their masterÌs steps. volnificusque chalybs vasta fornace liquescit. The hero made his way to his guest AeneasÌs Ingentum clipeum informant unum omnia contra secluded lodging, thinking of his words, tela Latinorum septenosque orbibus orbes and the help he had promised. Aeneas was no less impediunt. Alii ventosis follibus auras early to rise: his son Pallas walked with the one, accipiunt redduntque alii stridentia tingunt Achates with the other. They clasped hands as they met, aera lacu. Gemit impositis incudibus antrum. sat down among the houses, and finally enjoyed Illi inter sese multa vi bracchia tollunt open conversation. The king was the first to begin, so: in numerum versantque tenaci forcipe massam. ËGreatest leader of the Teucrians, for my part while youÌre safe and sound IÌll never accept that the kingdom and power of Troy Haec pater Aeoliis properat dum Lemnius oris have been overthrown, our strength in war is inadequate to such Euandrum ex humili tecto lux suscitat alma a name: on this side we are shut in by the Tuscan river, while on that et matutini volucrum sub culmine cantus. the Rutulian presses us, and thunders in arms round our walls. Consurgit senior tunicaque inducitur artus But I propose to affiliate mighty peoples to you, et Tyrrhena pedum circumdat vincula plantis; and a war-camp rich in kingships, help that chance tum lateri atque umeris Tegeaeum subligat ensem unpredictably reveals. You arrive at fateÌs command. demissa ab laeva pantherae terga retorquens. Not far from here is the site of ArgyllaÌs city, Nec non et gemini custodes limine ab alto built of ancient stone, where the Lydian race, praecedunt gressumque canes comitantur erilem. famous in war, once settled the Etruscan heights. Hospitis Aeneae sedem et secreta petebat For many years it flourished, until King Mezentius sermonum memor et promissi muneris heros. ruled it with arrogant power, and savage weaponry. Nec minus Aeneas se matutinus agebat. Why recount the tyrantÌs wicked murders and vicious acts? Filius huic Pallas illi comes ibat Achates. May the gods reserve such for his life and race! Congressi iungunt dextras mediisque residunt He even tied corpses to living bodies, as a means aedibus et licito tandem sermone fruuntur. of torture, placing hand on hand and face against face, Rex prior haec: so killing by a lingering death, in that wretched 'Maxume Teucrorum ductor quo sospite numquam embrace, that ooze of disease and decomposition. res equidem Troiae victas aut regna fatebor But the weary citizens at last armed themselves nobis ad belli auxilium pro nomine tanto surrounded the atrocious madman in his palace, exiguae vires: hinc Tusco claudimur amni mowed down his supporters, and fired the roof. hinc Rutulus premit et murum circumsonat armis. Amongst the carnage he escaped and fled Sed tibi ego ingentis populos opulentaque regnis to Rutulian soil, protected by TurnusÌs allied army. iungere castra paro quam fors inopina salutem So all Etruria has risen in rightful anger, demanding ostentat: fatis huc te poscentibus adfers. the king for punishment, with the threat of immediate war. Haud procul hinc saxo incolitur fundata vetusto Aeneas, IÌll make you leader of those thousands. urbis Agyllinae sedes ubi Lydia quondam For their ships clamour densely on the shore, gens bello praeclara iugis insedit Etruscis. and they order the banners to advance, but an aged Hanc multos florentem annos rex deinde superbo soothsayer holds them back, singing of destiny: imperio et saevis tenuit Mezentius armis. ËO chosen warriors of Maeonia, the flower, the honour Quid memorem infandas caedes quid facta tyranni of our ancient race, whom just resentment sends against effera? Di capiti ipsius generique reservent! the enemy, and whom Mezentius fires with rightful anger, Mortua quin etiam iungebat corpora vivis no man of Italy may control such a people as you: choose componens manibusque manus atque oribus ora foreigners as leaders.Ì So the Etruscan ranks camped tormenti genus et sanie taboque fluentis on that plain, fearful of this warning from the gods. complexu in misero longa sic morte necabat. Tarchon himself has sent ambassadors to me, with the royal at fessi tandem cives infanda furentem sceptre and crown, entrusting me with the insignia: armati circumsistunt ipsumque domumque I to come to the camp, and take the Tuscan throne. obtruncant socios ignem ad fastigia iactant. But the slow frost of old age wearied by the years, and strength Ille inter caedem Rutulorum elapsus in agros now beyond acts of valour, begrudge me the command. confugere et Turni defendier hospitis armis. I would urge my son to it, except that of mixed blood Ergo omnis furiis surrexit Etruria iustis: with a Sabine mother, he takes part of his nationality from her. regem ad supplicium praesenti Marte reposcunt. You, O bravest leader of Trojans and Italians, to whose race his ego te Aenea ductorem milibus addam. and years destiny is favourable, whom the divine will calls, Toto namque fremunt condensae litore puppes accept. Moreover IÌll add Pallas here, our hope and comfort: Signaque ferre iubent; retinet longaevus haruspex let him become accustomed under your guidance fata canens ''O Maeoniae delecta iuventus to endure military service, and the grave work of war, flos veterum virtusque virum quos iustus in hostem witness your actions, and admire you from his early years. fert dolor et merita accendit Mezentius ira IÌll grant him two hundred Arcadian horsemen, the choice flower nulli fas Italo tantam subiungere gentem: of our manhood, and Pallas will grant the same to you himself.Ì externos optate duces''; tum Etrusca resedit hoc acies campo monitis exterrita divom. Ipse oratores ad me regnique coronam He had scarcely finished, and Aeneas, AnchisesÌs son, cum sceptro misit mandatque insignia Tarchon and loyal Achates, with eyes downcast, were thinking succedam castris Tyrrhenaque regna capessam. of many a difficulty, in their own sombre minds, Sed mihi tarda gelu saeclisque effeta senectus when Cytherea sent a sign from a cloudless sky. invidet imperium seraeque ad fortia vires. For lightning came flashing unexpectedly from heaven, natum exhortarer ni mixtus matre Sabella with thunder, and suddenly all seemed to quake, hinc partem patriae traheret. Tu cuius et annis and, through the air, a Tyrrhenian trumpet blast seemed to bray. et generi fatum indulgent quem numina poscunt They looked upwards, a great crash sounded again and again. ingredere o Teucrum atque Italum fortissime ductor. In a calm region of the sky among the clouds they saw hunc tibi praeterea spes et solacia nostri weapons reddening in the bright air, and heard the noise of blows. Pallanta adiungam; sub te tolerare magistro The others were astounded but the Trojan hero knew militiam et grave Martis opus tua cernere facta the sounds as those of things which his mother had promised. adsuescat primis et te miretur ab annis. Then he cried: ËMy friend, indeed, do not wonder I beg you Arcadas huic equites bis centum robora pubis as to what these marvels might prophesy: I am called lecta dabo totidemque suo tibi nomine Pallas.' by Olympus. The goddess who bore me foretold she would send this sign if war was near, and bring Vix ea fatus erat defixique ora tenebant weapons from Vulcan through the air to aid me. Aeneas Anchisiades et fidus Achates Alas what slaughter awaits the wretched Laurentines! multaque dura suo tristi cum corde putabant What a price youÌll pay me, Turnus! What shields and helmets ni signum caelo Cytherea dedisset aperto. and bodies of the brave youÌll roll beneath your waves, Namque inproviso vibratus ab aethere fulgor father Tiber! Let them ask for battle and break their treaties.Ì cum sonitu venit et ruere omnia visa repente Having spoken, he raised himself from his high throne, Tyrrhenusque tubae mugire per aethera clangor. and firstly revived the dormant altars with Herculean fire, Suspiciunt iterum atque iterum fragor increpat ingens: then gladly visited yesterdayÌs Lar and the humble arma inter nubem caeli regione serena household gods. Evander and the Trojan warriors per sudum rutilare vident et pulsa tonare. equally sacrificed chosen ewes according to the rite. Obstipuere animis alii sed Troius heros Next he went to the ships and met again with his comrades, agnovit sonitum et divae promissa parentis. choosing the most outstanding in courage to follow him Tum memorat: 'Ne vero hospes ne quaere profecto to war: the others slipped downstream, floating effortlessly quem casum portenta ferant: ego poscor Olympo. on the helpful current, carrying news to Ascanius Hoc signum cecinit missuram diva creatrix of his father and his fortunes. Horses were granted si bellum ingrueret Volcaniaque arma per auras to the Trojans who were to take the Tyrrhenian field: laturam auxilio. They lead out a choice mount for Aeneas, clothed Heu quantae miseris caedes Laurentibus instant; in a tawny lionÌs pelt with gleaming gilded claws. quas poenas mihi Turne dabis; quam multa sub undas A rumour suddenly flew through the little town, proclaiming scuta virum galeasque et fortia corpora volves that horsemen were riding fast to the Tyrrhene kingÌs shores. Thybri pater! Poscant acies et foedera rumpant.' Mothers, in alarm, redoubled their prayers, and fear drew near with danger, and now the war godÌs image loomed larger. Haec ubi dicta dedit solio se tollit ab alto Then old Evander, clasping his sonÌs hand as he departed, et primum Herculeis sopitas ignibus aras clung to him weeping incessantly and spoke as follows: excitat hesternumque larem parvosque penatis ËO, if Jupiter would bring back the years that have vanished, laetus adit: mactant lectas de more bidentis I to be as I was when I felled the foremost ranks under PraenesteÌs Euandrus pariter pariter Troiana iuventus. very walls, and as victor heaped up the shields, Post hinc ad navis graditur sociosque revisit. and sent King Erulus down to Tartarus, by this right hand, Quorum de numero qui sese in bella sequantur he to whom at his birth his mother Feronia (strange to tell) praestantis virtute legit; pars cetera prona gave three lives, triple weapons to wield Ä to be three times fertur aqua segnisque secundo defluit amni brought low in death: who at last in a moment this right hand nuntia ventura Ascanio rerumque patrisque. stripped of all his lives, and equally of all his weapons: Dantur equi Teucris Tyrrhena petentibus arva; I would never be torn as now from your sweet embrace, my son, ducunt exsortem Aeneae quem fulva leonis never would Mezentius have poured insults on pellis obit totum praefulgens unguibus aureis. this neighbourÌs head, caused so many cruel deaths with the sword, or widowed the city of so many of her sons. Fama volat parvam subito volgata per urbem But you, powers above, and you, Jupiter, mighty ruler of the gods, ocius ire equites Tyrrheni ad litora regis. take pity I beg you on this Arcadian king, and hear vota metu duplicant matres propiusque periclo a fatherÌs prayer. If your will, and fate, keep my Pallas safe, it timor et maior Martis iam apparet imago. if I live to see him and be together with him, I ask for life: tum pater Evandrus dextram complexus euntis I have the patience to endure any hardship. haeret. inexpletus lacrimans ac talia fatur: But if you threaten any unbearable disaster, Fortune, 'O mihi praeteritos referat si Iuppiter annos now, oh now, let me break the thread of cruel existence, (qualis eram cum primam aciem Praeneste sub ipsa while fear hangs in doubt, while hopeÌs uncertain of the future. stravi scutorumque incendi victor acervos while you, beloved boy, my late and only joy, are held et regem hac Erulum dextra sub Tartara misi in my embrace, and let no evil news wound my ears.Ì nascenti cui tris animas Feronia mater These were the words the father poured out at their last parting: (horrendum dictu) dederat; terna arma movenda then his servants carried him, overcome, into the palace. ter Leto sternendus erat; cui tunc tamen omnis abstulit haec animas dextra et totidem exuit armis: non ego nunc dulci amplexu divellerer usquam And now the horsemen had ridden from the opened gates, nate tuo neque finitimo Mezentius umquam Aeneas, and loyal Achetes, among the first: then the other huic capiti insultans tot ferro saeva dedisset princes of Troy, Pallas himself travelling mid-column, funera tam multis viduasset civibus urbem. notable in his cloak and engraved armour, At vos o superi et divom tu maxume rector like the Morning-Star, whom Venus loves above all Iuppiter Arcadii quaeso the other starry fires, when, having bathed in OceanÌs wave, et patrias audite preces. Si numina vestra he raises his sacred head in heaven, and melts the dark. incolumem Pallanta mihi si fata reservant Mothers stand fearfully on the battlements, and with their eyes si visurus eum vivo et venturus in unum: follow the cloud of dust, the squadrons bright with bronze. vitam oro patior quemvis durare laborem. The armed men pass through the undergrowth where the route Sin aliquem infandum casum Fortuna minaris: is most direct: a shout rises, and they form column, nunc O nunc liceat crudelem abrumpere vitam and with the thunder of their hooves shake the broken ground. dum curae ambiguae dum spes incerta futuri ThereÌs a large grove by the chilly stream of Caere, held sacred dum te care puer mea sera et sola voluptas far and wide, in ancestral reverence: the hollow hills enclose it complexu teneo gravior neu nuntius auris on all sides, and surround the wood with dark fir trees. volneret.' Haec genitor digressu dicta supremo The tale is that the ancient Pelasgians, who once held fundebat: famuli conlapsum in tecta ferebant. the Latin borders, dedicated this wood and a festive day to Silvanus, god of the fields and the herds. Iamque adeo exierat portis equitatus apertis Not far from here, Tarchon and the Tyrrhenians were camped Aeneas inter primos et fidus Achates in a safe place, and now all their troops could be seen, inde alii Troiae proceres ipse agmine Pallas from the high ground, scattered widely over the fields. in medio chlamyde et pictis conspectus in armis: Aeneas, the leader, and the young men chosen for war, qualis ubi Oceani perfusus Lucifer unda arrived, and refreshed their horses and their weary bodies. quem Venus ante alios astrorum diligit ignis Then Venus, bright goddess, came bearing gifts through extulit os sacrum caelo tenebrasque resolvit. the ethereal clouds: and when she saw her son from far away Stant pavidae in muris matres oculisque sequuntur who had retired in secret to the valley by the cool stream, pulveream nubem et fulgentis aere catervas. she went to him herself, unasked, and spoke these words: Olli per dumos qua proxuma meta viarum ËSee the gifts brought to perfection by my husbandÌs armati tendunt; it clamor et agmine facto skill, as promised. You need not hesitate, my son, to quickly quadrupedante putrem sonitu quatit ungula campum. challenge the proud Laurentines, or fierce Turnus, to battle.Ì Est ingens gelidum lucus prope Caeritis amnem Cytherea spoke, and invited her sonÌs embrace, and placed religione patrum late sacer; undique colles the shining weapons under an oak tree opposite. inclusere cavi et nigra nemus abiete cingunt. He cannot have enough of turning his gaze over each item, Silvano fama est veteres sacrasse Pelasgos delighting in the goddessÌs gift and so high an honour, arvorum pecorisque deo lucumque diemque admiring, and turning the helmet over with hands and arms, qui primi finis aliquando habuere Latinos: with its fearsome crest and spouting flames, haud procul hinc Tarcho et Tyrrheni tuta tenebant and the fateful sword, the stiff breastplate of bronze, castra locis celsoque omnis de colle videri dark-red and huge, like a bluish cloud when itÌs lit iam poterat legio et latis tendebat in arvis. by the rays of the sun, and glows from afar: Huc pater Aeneas et bello lecta iuventus then the smooth greaves, of electrum and refined gold, succedunt fessique et equos et corpora curant. the spear, and the shieldÌs indescribable detail. At Venus aetherios inter dea candida nimbos dona ferens aderat; natumque in valle reducta There the lord with the power of fire, not unversed ut procul egelido secretum flumine vidit in prophecy, and knowledge of the centuries to come, talibus adfata est dictis seque obtulit ultro: had fashioned the history of Italy, and RomeÌs triumphs: 'En perfecta mei promissa coniugis arte there was every future generation of AscaniusÌs stock, munera ne mox aut Laurentis nate and the sequence of battles they were to fight. aut acrem dubites in proelia poscere Turnum:' He had also shown the she-wolf, having just littered, Dixit et amplexus nati Cytherea petivit lying on the ground, in the green cave of Mars, arma sub adversa posuit radiantia quercu. the twin brothers, Romulus and Remus, playing, hanging Ille deae donis et tanto laetus honore on her teats, and fearlessly sucking at their foster-mother. expleri nequit atque oculos per singula volvit Bending her neck back smoothly she caressed them miraturque interque manus et bracchia versat in turn, and licked their limbs with her tongue. terribilem cristis galeam flammasque vomentem Not far from that he had placed Rome, the Sabine women, fatiferumque ensem loricam ex aere rigentem lawlessly snatched from the seated crowd, when the great games sanguineam ingentem qualis cum caerula nubes were held in the Circus: and the sudden surge of fresh warfare solis inardescit radiis longeque refulget; between RomulusÌs men, and the aged Tatius and his austere Cures. tum levis ocreas electro auroque recocto Next, the same two kings stood armed in front of JoveÌs altar, hastamque et clipei non enarrabile textum. holding the wine-cups and joined in league, sacrificing a sow, Illic res Italas Romanorumque triumphos the new-built palace bristling with RomulusÌs thatch. haud vatum ignarus venturique inscius aevi Then, not far from that, four-horse chariots driven fecerat ignipotens illic genus omne futurae in different directions tore Mettus apart (Alban, you should stirpis ab Ascanio. pugnataque in ordine bella. have kept your word, though!), and Tullus dragged the liarÌs fecerat et viridi fetam Mavortis in antro entrails through the woods, the briars wet with sprinkled blood. procubuisse lupam geminos huic ubera circum There was Porsenna too, ordering Rome to admit the banished ludere pendentis pueros et lambere matrem Tarquin, and gripping the city in a mighty siege: impavidos illam tereti cervice reflexa the scions of Aeneas running on the sword for freedomÌs sake. mulcere alternos et corpora fingere lingua. You could see Porsenna in angry, and in threatening, posture, Nec procul hinc Romam et raptas sine more Sabinas because Cocles dared to tear down the bridge, consessu caveae magnis circensibus actis because Cloelia broke her restraints and swam the river. addiderat subitoque novum consurgere bellum At the top Manlius, guardian of the Tarpeian Citadel, Romulidis Tatioque seni Curibusque severis. stood before the temple, defending the high Capitol. Post idem inter se posito certamine reges And there the silvery goose, flying through the gilded armati Iovis ante aram paterasque tenentes colonnades, cackled that the Gauls were at the gate. stabant et caesa iungebant foedera porca. The Gauls were there in the gorse, taking the Citadel, Haud procul inde citae Mettum in diversa quadrigae protected by the dark, the gift of shadowy night. distulerant at tu dictis Albane Their hair was gold, and their clothes were gold, raptabatque viri mendacis viscera Tullus they shone in striped cloaks, their white necks per silvam et sparsi rorabant sanguine vepres. torqued with gold, each waving two Alpine javelins Nec non Tarquinium eiectum Porsenna iubebat in his hand, long shields defending their bodies. accipere ingentique urbem obsidione premebat: Here he had beaten out the leaping Salii and naked Luperci, Aeneadae in ferrum pro libertate ruebant. the woolly priestÌs caps, and the oval shields that fell Illum indignanti similem similemque minanti from heaven, chaste mothers in cushioned carriages aspiceres pontem auderet quia vellere Cocles leading sacred images through the city. Far from these et fluvium vinclis innaret Cloelia ruptis. he had added the regions of Tartarus, the high gates of Dis, In summo custos Tarpeiae Manlius arcis the punishment for wickedness, and you Catiline, hanging stabat pro templo et Capitolia celsa tenebat from a threatening cliff, trembling at the sight of the Furies: Romuleoque recens horrebat regia culmo. and the good, at a distance, Cato handing out justice. Atque hic auratis volitans argenteus anser porticibus Gallos in limine adesse canebat. Galli per dumos aderant arcemque tenebant The likeness of the swollen sea flowed everywhere among these, defensi tenebris et dono noctis opacae: in gold, though the flood foamed with white billows, aurea caesaries ollis atque aurea vestis and dolphins in bright silver swept the waters virgatis lucent sagulis tum lactea colla round about with arching tails, and cut through the surge. auro innectuntur duo quisque Alpina coruscant In the centre bronze ships could be seen, the Battle of Actium, gaesa manu scutis protecti corpora longis. and you could make out all Leucate in feverish Hic exsultantis Salios nudosque Lupercos preparation for war, the waves gleaming with gold. lanigerosque apices et lapsa ancilia caelo On one side Augustus Caesar stands on the high stern, extuderat castae ducebant sacra per urbem leading the Italians to the conflict, with him the Senate, pilentis matres in mollibus. Hinc procul addit the People, the household gods, the great gods, his happy brow Tartareas etiam sedes alta ostia Ditis shoots out twin flames, and his fatherÌs star is shown on his head. et scelerum poenas et te Catilina minaci Elsewhere Agrippa, favoured by the winds and the gods pendentem scopulo Furiarumque ora trementem leads his towering column of ships, his brow shines secretosque pios his dantem iura Catonem. with the beaks of the naval crown, his proud battle distinction. Haec inter tumidi late maris ibat imago On the other side Antony, with barbarous wealth and strange weapons, aurea sed fluctu spumabant caerula cano; conqueror of eastern peoples and the Indian shores, bringing Egypt, et circum argento clari delphines in orbem and the might of the Orient, with him, and furthest Bactria: aequora verrebant caudis aestumque secabant. and his Egyptian consort follows him (the shame). In medio classis aeratas Actia bella All press forward together, and the whole sea foams, cernere erat totumque instructo Marte videres churned by the sweeping oars and the trident rams. fervere Leucaten auroque effulgere fluctus. They seek deep water: youÌd think the Cycladic islands were uprooted Hinc Augustus agens Italos in proelia Caesar and afloat on the flood, or high mountains clashed with mountains, cum patribus populoque penatibus et magnis dis so huge the mass with which the men attack the towering sterns. stans celsa in puppi; geminas cui tempora flammas Blazing tow and missiles of winged steel shower from their hands, laeta vomunt patriumque aperitur vertice sidus. NeptuneÌs fields grow red with fresh slaughter. Parte alia ventis et dis Agrippa secundis The queen in the centre signals to her columns with the native arduus agmen agens; cui belli insigne superbum sistrum, not yet turning to look at the twin snakes at her back. tempora navali fulgent rostrata corona. Barking Anubis, and monstrous gods of every kind Hinc ope barbarica variisque Antonius armis brandish weapons against Neptune, Venus, victor ab Aurorae populis et litore rubro and Minerva. Mars rages in the centre of the contest, Aegyptum viresque Orientis et ultima secum engraved in steel, and the grim Furies in the sky, Bactra vehit sequiturque (nefas) Aegyptia coniunx. and Discord in a torn robe strides joyously, while Una omnes ruere ac totum spumare reductis Bellona follows with her blood-drenched whip. convolsum remis rostrisque tridentibus aequor. Apollo of Actium sees from above and bends his bow: at this alta petunt: pelago credas innare revolsas all Egypt, and India, all the Arabs and Sabaeans turn and flee. Cycladas aut montis concurrere montibus altos The queen herself is seen to call upon the winds, tanta mole viri turritis puppibus instant. set sail, and now, even now, spread the slackened canvas. stuppea flamma manu telisque volatile ferrum The lord with the power of fire has fashioned her pallid spargitur arva nova Neptunia caede rubescunt. with the coming of death, amidst the slaughter, Regina in mediis patrio vocat agmina sistro carried onwards by the waves and wind of Iapyx, necdum etiam geminos a tergo respicit anguis. while before her is Nile, mourning with his vast extent, omnigenumque deum monstra et latrator Anubis opening wide his bays, and, with his whole tapestry, calling contra Neptunum et Venerem contraque Minervam the vanquished to his dark green breast, and sheltering streams. tela tenent. Saevit medio in certamine Mavors caelatus ferro tristesque ex aethere Dirae et scissa gaudens vadit Discordia palla Next Augustus, entering the walls of Rome in triple triumph, quam cum sanguineo sequitur Bellona flagello. is dedicating his immortal offering to ItalyÌs gods, Actius haec cernens arcum tendebat Apollo three hundred great shrines throughout the city. desuper: omnis eo terrore Aegyptus et Indi The streets are ringing with joy, playfulness, applause: omnis Arabs omnes vertebant terga Sabaei. a band of women in every temple, altars in every one: Ipsa videbatur ventis regina vocatis before the altars sacrificial steers cover the ground. vela dare et laxos iam iamque inmittere funis. He himself sits at the snow-white threshold of shining Apollo, Illam inter caedes pallentem morte futura examines the gifts of nations, and hangs them on the proud gates. fecerat Ignipotens undis et Iapyge ferri The conquered peoples walk past in a long line, as diverse contra autem magno maerentem corpore Nilum in language as in weapons, or the fashion of their clothes. pandentemque sinus et tota veste vocantem Here Vulcan has shown the Nomad race and loose-robed Africans, caeruleum in gremium latebrosaque flumina victos. there the Leleges and Carians and Gelonians with their quivers: At Caesar triplici invectus Romana triumpho Euphrates runs with quieter waves, and the Morini, moenia dis Italis votum inmortale sacrabat remotest of mankind, the double-horned Rhine, maxuma tercentum totam delubra per urbem. the untamed Dahae, and Araxes, resenting its restored bridge. Laetitia ludisque viae plausuque fremebant; Aeneas marvels at such things on VulcanÌs shield, his motherÌs gift, omnibus in templis matrum chorus omnibus arae; and delights in the images, not recognising the future events, ante aras terram caesi stravere iuvenci. lifting to his shoulder the glory and the destiny of his heirs. Ipse sedens niveo candentis limine Phoebi dona recognoscit populorum aptatque superbis While all these things were happening in various places, postibus; incedunt victae longo ordine gentes Saturnian Juno sent Iris from heaven to brave Turnus, quam variae linguis habitu tam vestis et armis. who chanced to be sitting in a sacred valley, a grove to Pilumnus Hic Nomadum genus et discinctos Mulciber Afros his father. To him ThaumasÌs daughter spoke, from her rosy lips: hic Lelegas Carasque sagittiferosque Gelonos ËTurnus, see, the circling days, unasked, have brought finxerat; Euphrates ibat iam mollior undis what you wished, but what no god dared to promise. extremique hominum Morini Rhenusque bicornis Aeneas leaving the city, his friends and ships, indomitique Dahae et pontem indignatus Araxes. seeks the Palatine kingdom, and EvanderÌs house. Unsatisfied he has reached CorythusÌs furthest cities, Talia per clipeum Volcani dona parentis and, gathering men from the country, arms Lydian troops. miratur rerumque ignarus imagine gaudet Why wait? Now is the time to call on horse and chariot. attollens umero famamque et fata nepotum. End all delays: seize their camp, in its confusion.Ì She spoke, and rose into the sky on level wings, ATQUE ea diversa penitus dum parte geruntur tracing a vast arc against the clouds in her flight. Irim de caelo misit Saturnia Iuno The youth knew her, raised both his hands to the heavens, audacem ad Turnum. Luco tum forte parentis and sent these words after her as she flew: Pilumni Turnus sacrata valle sedebat. ËIris, glory of the sky, who sent you down through Ad quem sic roseo Thaumantias ore locuta est: the clouds, to me, on earth? Where does this sudden 'Turne quod optanti divom promittere nemo bright moment spring from? I see the sky split apart auderet volvenda dies en attulit ultro. at its zenith, and the stars that roam the pole. I follow Aeneas urbe et sociis et classe relicta so mighty an omen, whoever calls me to arms.Ì sceptra Palatini sedemque petit Euandri. Saying this he went to the river and scooped water Nec satis: extremas Corythi penetravit ad urbes from the surface of the stream, calling often Lydorumque manum collectos armat agrestis. to the gods, and weighting the air with prayers. Quid dubitas? Nunc tempus equos nunc poscere currus. Rumpe moras omnis et turbata arripe castra.' Dixit et in caelum paribus se sustulit alis Now the whole army, rich in horses, rich in ornate clothes, ingentemque fuga secuit sub nubibus arcum. and gold, was engaged in moving over the open fields: Adgnovit iuvenis duplicisque ad sidera palmas Messapus controlling the front ranks, TyrrhusÌs sons sustulit ac tali fugientem est voce secutus: the rear, Turnus, the leader, in the centre of the line: 'Iri decus caeli quis te mihi nubibus actam like the deep Ganges, swelling in silence, through detulit in terras? Unde haec tam clara repente his seven placid streams, or Nile when his rich stream tempestas? Medium video discedere caelum inundates the fields, soon sinking down into his course. palantisque polo stellas. Sequor omina tanta The Trojans suddenly see a black dust cloud quisquis in arma vocas.' Et sic effatus ad undam gathering there, and darkness rising over the plain. processit summoque hausit de gurgite lymphas Caicus shouted first from the forward rampart: multa deos orans oneravitque aethera votis. ËWhatÌs that rolling mass of black fog, countrymen? Bring your swords, quickly: hand out spears: mount the walls: Iamque omnis campis exercitus ibat apertis ah, the enemy is here!Ì With a great clamour the Trojans dives equum dives pictai vestis et auri; retreated through the gates, and filled the ramparts. Messapus primas acies postrema coercent For Aeneas, wisest in warfare, had commanded, on leaving, Tyrrhidae iuvenes medio dux agmine Turnus if anything chanced in the meantime, they were not to dare [vertitur arma tenens et toto vertice supra est.] to form ranks or trust themselves to the open field: they were Ceu septem surgens sedatis amnibus altus only to guard the camp and walls, safe behind the ramparts. per tacitum Ganges aut pingui flumine Nilus So, though anger and shame counselled the troops to fight, cum refluit campis et iam se condidit alveo. still they shut the gates and followed his orders, Hic subitam nigro glomerari pulvere nubem awaiting the enemy, armed, within their hollow turrets. prospiciunt Teucri ac tenebras insurgere campis. But Turnus had galloped forward ahead of his slow column, Primus ab adversa conclamat mole Caicus: accompanied by twenty chosen horsemen, and reached 'Quis globus o cives caligine volvitur atra? the city unexpectedly: a piebald Thracian horse carried him, Ferte citi ferrum date tela ascendite muros a golden helmet with a crimson crest protected his head. hostis adest heia!' Ingenti clamore per omnis ËMen,Ì he shouted, Ëis there anyone whoÌll be first with me condunt se Teucri portas et moenia complent. among the enemy Ä ? Look,Ì and twirling a javelin sent it Namque ita discedens praeceperat optumus armis skyward to start the fight, and rode proudly over the field. Aeneas: siqua interea fortuna fuisset His friends welcomed him with a shout, and followed neu struere auderent aciem neu credere campo; with fearful battle-cries: marvelling at the TrojanÌs dull souls, castra modo et tutos servarent aggere muros. not trusting themselves to a level field, nor facing men Ergo etsi conferre manum pudor iraque monstrat carrying weapons, but hugging the camp. He rode to and fro obiciunt portas tamen et praecepta facessunt wildly round the walls, seeking a way in where there was none. armatique cavis expectant turribus hostem. Like a wolf, lying in wait by a full sheepfold, that snarls Turnus ut ante volans tardum praecesserat agmen by the pens at midnight, enduring the wind and rain, viginti lectis equitum comitatus et urbi the lambs bleating safe beneath their mothers, improvisus adest; maculis quem Thracius albis and rages against the prey out of reach, fierce and persistent portat equus cristaque tegit galea aurea rubra. in its anger, tormented by its dry, bloodless jaws, 'Ecquis erit mecum iuvenes and the fierceness of its long-increasing hunger: En ' ait et iaculum attorquens emittit in auras so as Turnus scanned the wall and camp, the RutulianÌs anger principium pugnae et campo sese arduus infert. was alight, and indignation burned in his harsh marrow. Clamore excipiunt socii fremituque sequuntur How could he try and enter, and hurl the penned-up horrisono: Teucrum mirantur inertia corda Trojans from their rampart, and scatter them over the plain? non aequo dare se campo non obvia ferre He attacked the ships, that lay close to a flank of the camp, arma viros sed castra fovere. Huc turbidus atque huc defended by earthworks, and the flowing river, lustrat equo muros aditumque per avia quaerit. calling out to his exultant friends for fire, Ac veluti pleno lupus insidiatus ovili and fervently grasped a blazing pine-brand in his hand. cum fremit ad caulas ventos perpessus et imbris Then they set to (urged on by TurnusÌs presence) nocte super media; tuti sub matribus agni and all the men armed themselves with dark torches. balatum exercent ille asper et improbus ira They stripped the hearths: the smoking branches threw saevit in absentis collecta fatigat edendi a pitchy glow, and Vulcan hurled the cloud of ashes to heaven. ex longo rabies et siccae sanguine fauces: haud aliter Rutulo muros et castra tuenti ignescunt irae duris dolor ossibus ardet. O Muse, what god, turned away such fierce flames Qua temptet ratione aditus et quae via clausos from the Trojans? Who drove such savage fires from the ships? excutiat Teucros vallo atque effundat in aequum? Tell me: belief in the storyÌs ancient, its fame is eternal. Classem quae lateri castrorum adiuncta latebat In the days when Aeneas first built his fleet on Phrygian Ida aggeribus saeptam circum et fluvialibus undis and prepared to set out over the deep ocean, invadit sociosque incendia poscit ovantis they say the Mother of the gods herself, Berecyntian Cybele, atque manum pinu flagranti fervidus implet. spoke so to great Jupiter: ËMy son, lord of Olympus, Tum vero incumbunt urget praesentia Turni grant what your dear mother asks of you in request. atque omnis facibus pubes accingitur atris. There was a pine-forest a delight to me for many years Diripuere focos; piceum fert fumida lumen a grove on the summit of the mountain, where they brought taeda et commixtam Volcanus ad astra favillam. offerings, dark with blackened firs and maple trunks. I gave these gladly to the Trojan youth, since he lacked Quis deus o musae tam saeva incendia Teucris a fleet: now, troubled, anxious fear torments me. avertit? Tantos ratibus quis depulit ignes? Relieve my fears, and let your mother by her prayers ensure Dicite. Prisca fides facto sed fama perennis. they are not destroyed, shattered by voyaging or violent storm: Tempore quo primum Phrygia formabat in Ida let their origin on our mountain be of aid to them.Ì Aeneas classem et pelagi petere alta parabat Her son, who turns the starry globe, replied: ipsa deum fertur genetrix Berecyntia magnum ËO, my mother, to what do you summon fate? What do you seek vocibus his adfata Iovem: 'Da nate petenti for them? Should keels made by mortal hands have eternal rights? quod tua cara parens domito te poscit Olympo. Should Aeneas travel in certainty through uncertain [Pinea silva mihi multos dilecta per annos] dangers? To what god are such powers permitted? lucus in arce fuit summa quo sacra ferebant No, one day when theyÌve served their purpose, nigranti picea trabibusque obscurus acernis: and reached an Italian haven, IÌll take away, from those has ego Dardanio iuveni cum classis egeret that escape the waves, and bear the Trojan chief laeta dedi; nunc sollicitam timor anxius angit. to Laurentine fields, their mortal shape, and command Solve metus atque hoc precibus sine posse parentem: them to be goddesses of the vast ocean, like Doto, NereusÌs ne cursu quassatae ullo neu turbine venti child, and Galatea, who part the foaming sea with their breasts.Ì vincantur prosit nostris in montibus ortas.' He spoke, and swore his assent, by his Stygian brotherÌs rivers, Filius huic contra torquet qui sidera mundi: by the banks that seethe with pitch on the black abyss, 'O genetrix quo fata vocas aut quid petis istis? and with his nod shook all Olympus. Mortaline manu factae immortale carinae fas habeant certusque incerta pericula lustret Aeneas? Cui tanta deo permissa potestas? So the day he had promised came, and the Fates fulfilled Immo ubi defunctae finem portusque tenebunt their appointed hour, when TurnusÌs injury to the sacred fleet Ausonios olim quaecumque evaserit undis prompted the Mother to defend them from the flames. Dardaniumque ducem Laurentia vexerit arva At first a strange light flared to the watchers, and a huge cloud mortalem eripiam formam magnique iubebo was seen to travel across the sky from the east, aequoris esse deas qualis Nereia Doto with bands of her Idaean attendants: then a terrible voice et Galatea secant spumantem pectore pontum. rang through the air, echoing among the Trojan and Rutulian lines: Dixerat idque ratum Stygii per flumina fratris ËTrojans, donÌt rush to defend the ships, or take up arms. per pice torrentis atraque voragine ripas Turnus can burn the ocean, sooner than my sacred pines. Go free, adnuit et totum nutu tremefecit Olympum. you Goddesses of the sea: your mother commands it.Ì And at once each ship tore her cable loose from the bank: they dipped their noses Ergo aderat promissa dies et tempora Parcae like dolphins, and sought the watery deep. Then (strange wonder) debita complerant cum Turni iniuria Matrem as many virgin shapes re-surfaced, and swam about the sea. admonuit ratibus sacris depellere taedas. Hic primum nova lux oculis offulsit et ingens visus ab Aurora caelum transcurrere nimbus The Rutulians were amazed in mind, Messapus himself Idaeique chori; tum vox horrenda per auras was awe-struck, his horses panicked: and even the noisy flow excidit et Troum Rutulorumque agmina complet: of the river halted, as Tiber retreated from the deep. 'Ne trepidate meas Teucri defendere navis But brave TurnusÌs confidence never wavered: neve armate manus: maria ante exurere Turno and he raised their spirits as well, and chided them: quam sacras dabitur pinus. Vos ite solutae ËThese marvels are aimed at the Trojans, Jupiter himself ite deae pelagi: genetrix iubet.' Et sua quaeque has deprived them of their usual allies: those didnÌt wait continuo puppes abrumpunt vincula ripis for Rutulian missiles and fires. So the seas are impassable delphinumque modo demersis aequora rostris for the Trojans, and they have no hope of flight: other regions ima petunt. Hinc virgineae (mirabile monstrum) are lost to them, and this land is in our hands, so many quot prius aeratae steterant ad litora prorae thousands of ItalyÌs peoples are in arms. IÌm not afraid reddunt se totidem facies pontoque feruntur. of all the fateful omens from the gods these Phrygians openly boast of: enough has been granted to Venus and the Fates, Obstipuere animis Rutuli conterritus ipse since the Trojans have reached AusoniaÌs fertile fields. turbatis Messapus equis cunctatur et amnis I have my own counter destiny, to root out the guilty race, rauca sonans revocatque pedem Tiberinus ab alto. that has snatched my bride, with the sword. ThatÌs a sorrow At non audaci Turno fiducia cessit; that doesnÌt touch Atrides alone, nor is Mycenae alone allowed ultro animos tollit dictis atque increpat ultro: to take up arms. ËBut to die once is enough.Ì? To have sinned Troianos haec monstra petunt his Iuppiter ipse before should be enough for these men, to whom confidence auxilium solitum eripuit non tela neque ignes in a dividing wall, and slight obstacles to death, defensive moats, exspectans Rutulos. Ergo maria invia Teucris grant courage, to utterly detest well-nigh the whole tribe nec spes ulla fugae: rerum pars altera adempta est. of women. Did they not witness the work of NeptuneÌs Terra autem in nostris manibus tot milia gentes hands, the battlements of Troy, sink in flames? But you, arma ferunt Italae. Nil me fatalia terrent O chosen ones, which of you is ready to uproot the ramparts siqua Phryges prae se iactant responsa deorum: with your steel, and invade their terrified camp with me? sat fatis Venerique datum tetigere quod arva I donÌt need VulcanÌs arms, or a thousand ships, fertilis Ausoniae Troes. Sunt et mea contra against Trojans. Let all Etruria join them now in alliance. fata mihi ferro sceleratam exscindere gentem They need not fear darkness, or cowardly theft coniuge praerepta: nec solos tangit Atridas Ëof their Palladium, killing guards on the citadelÌs heightsÌ, iste dolor solisque licet capere arma Mycenis. we wonÌt hide in the dark belly of a horse: Sed periisse semel satis est: peccare fuisset I intend to circle their walls in broad daylight with fire. ante satis penitus modo non genus omne perosos IÌll make them concede its not Greeks, Pelasgic youth, femineum. Quibus haec medii fiducia valli theyÌre dealing with, whom Hector held till the tenth year. fossarumque morae leti discrimina parva Now, since the best part of the dayÌs gone, men, dant animos. At non viderunt moenia Troiae refresh yourselves with whatÌs left, pleased with work Neptuni fabricata manu considere in ignis? well done, and look forward to starting the battle. 'Sed vos o lecti ferro qui scindere vallum Meanwhile the order was given to Messapus to picket apparat et mecum invadit trepidantia castra.' the gates alertly with sentries and ring the ramparts with flames. Non armis mihi Volcani non mille carinis Fourteen Rutulians were chosen to guard the walls est opus in Teucros; addant se protinus omnes with their men, each with a hundred soldiers Etrusci socios tenebras et inertia furta under them, purple-plumed and glittering with gold. Palladii caesis summae custodibus arcis They ran about, took turns on watch, or lifted ne timeant nec equi caeca condemur in alvo: the bronze bowls and enjoyed their wine, luce palam certum est igni circumdare muros. stretched out on the grass. The fires shone, Haud sibi cum Danais rem faxo et pube Pelasga while the guards spent the watchful night in games. esse ferant decumum quos distulit Hector in annum. Nunc adeo melior quoniam pars acta diei quod superest laeti bene gestis corpora rebus The armed Trojans held the heights, looking down procurate viri et pugnam sperate parari.' on this from above, and also with anxious fears, Interea vigilum excubiis obsidere portas checked the gates, built bulwarks and bridges, cura datur Messapo et moenia cingere flammis. and disposed their weapons. Mnestheus and brave Serestus, Bis septem Rutuli muros qui milite servent whom Aeneas their leader appointed to command the army delecti; ast illos centeni quemque sequuntur and state, if adversity ever required it, urged them on. purpurei cristis iuvenes auroque corusci. Sharing the risk, the whole company kept watch and served Discurrunt variantque vices fusique per herbam in turn, at whatever point was to be guarded by each. indulgent vino et vertunt crateras aenos. Nisus, bravest of warriors, son of Hyrtacus, was a guard Conlucent ignes noctem custodia ducit at the gates, he whom Ida the huntress had sent insomnem ludo. to accompany Aeneas, agile with javelin and light darts, and Euryalus was with him, than whom none was Haec super e vallo prospectant Troes et armis more beautiful among the Aenedae, or wearing Trojan armour, alta tenent nec non trepidi formidine portas a boy, whose unshaven face, showed the first bloom of youth. explorant pontisque et propugnacula iungunt One love was theirs, and they charged side by side into battle: tela gerunt. Instat Mnestheus acerque Serestus now they were also guarding the gate at the same sentry-post. quos pater Aeneas siquando adversa vocarent Nisus said: ËEuryalus, do the gods set this fire in our hearts, rectores iuvenum et rerum dedit esse magistros. or does each manÌs fatal desire become godlike to him? Omnis per muros legio sortita periclum My mind has long urged me to rush to battle, or high excubat exercetque vices quod cuique tuendum est. adventure, and is not content with peace and quiet. You see what confidence the Rutulians have in events: Nisus erat portae custos acerrimus armis their lights shine far apart, and they lie drowned in sleep Hyrtacides comitem Aeneae quem miserat Ida and wine, everywhere is quiet. Listen to what IÌm now venatrix iaculo celerem levibusque sagittis; thinking, and what purpose comes to mind. The army it iuxta comes Euryalus quo pulchrior alter and the council all demand Aeneas be recalled, non fuit Aeneadum Troiana neque induit arma and men be sent to report the facts to him. ora puer prima signans intonsa iuventa. If they were to grant what I suggest to you (the glory His amor unus erat pariterque in bella ruebant: of doing it is enough for me) I think I could find a way, tum quoque communi portam statione tenebant. beyond that hill, to the walls and ramparts of Pallanteum.Ì Nisus ait: 'Dine hunc ardorem mentibus addunt Euryalus was dazzled, struck by a great desire for glory, Euryale an sua cuique deus fit dira cupido? and replied to his ardent friend at once, like this: Aut pugnam aut aliquid iamdudum invadere magnum ËNisus, do you shun my joining in this great deed, mens agitat mihi nec placida contenta quietest. then? Shall I send you into such danger alone? Cernis quae Rutulos habeat fiducia rerum. ThatÌs not how my father Opheltes, seasoned in war, Lumina rara micant; somno vinoque soluti educated me, raising me among Greek terrors procubuere; silent late loca: percipe porro and TroyÌs ordeals, nor have I conducted myself so quid dubitem et quae nunc animo sententia surgat. with you, following noble Aeneas and the ends of fate. Aenean acciri omnes populusque patresque This is my spirit, one scornful of the day, that thinks exposcunt mittique viros qui certa reportent. the honour you aim at well bought with life itself.Ì Si tibi quae posco promittunt (nam mihi facti Nisus replied: ËIndeed I had no such doubts of you, fama sat est) tumulo videor reperire sub illo that would be wrong: not so will great Jupiter, or whoever posse viam ad muros et moenia Pallantea.' looks at this action with favourable gaze, bring me back to you Obstipuit magno laudum percussus amore in triumph: but if (as you often see in such crises) Euryalus; simul his ardentem adfatur amicum: if chance or some god sweeps me to disaster, 'Mene igitur socium summis adiungere rebus I want you to survive: your youth is more deserving of life. Nise fugis? Solum te in tanta pericula mittam? Let there be someone to entrust me to earth, my body Non ita me genitor bellis adsuetus Opheltes rescued from conflict, or ransomed for a price, Argolicum terrorem inter Troiaeque labores or if Fortune denies the customary rites, to perform sublatum erudiit nec tecum talia gessi them in my absence, and honour me with a stone. magnanimum Aenean et fata extrema secutus: And donÌt let me be a cause of grief to your poor mother, est hic est animus lucis contemptor et istum my boy, who alone among many mothers dared to follow qui vita bene credat emi quo tendis honorem.' you, without thought of staying in great AcestesÌs city.Ì Nisus ad haec: 'Equidem de te nil tale verebar But the lad said: ËYou weave your excuses in vain, nec fas non ita me referat tibi magnus ovantem my purpose wonÌt change or yield to yours. LetÌs hurryÌ, Iuppiter aut quicumque oculis haec aspicit aequis. and he roused guards, who came up to take their place: Sed siquis quae multa vides discrimine tali leaving his post he walked by NisusÌs side to seek the prince. siquis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve te superesse velim; tua vita dignior aetas. Sit qui me raptum pugna pretiove redemptum Every other creature, throughout the land, was easing mandet humo solita aut siqua id Fortuna vetabit its cares with sleep, its heart forgetful of toil: absenti ferat inferias decoretque sepulchro. the TrojansÌ chief captains, the pick of their manhood, Neu matri miserae tanti sim causa doloris were holding council on the most serious affairs of state, quae te sola puer multis e matribus ausa what to do, and who should go now as messenger to Aeneas. persequitur magni nec moenia curat Acestae ' They stood, between the camp and the plain, leaning Ille autem: 'Causas nequiquam nectis inanis on their long spears, holding their shields. Nisus and Euryalus, nec mea iam mutata loco sententia cedit: together, begged eagerly to be admitted at once: adceleremus ' ait. Vigiles simul excitat illi the matter being important, and worth the delay. Iulus was first succedunt servantque vices: statione relicta to welcome the impatient pair, and ordered Nisus to speak. ipse comes Niso graditur regemque requirunt. So the son of Hyrtacus said: ËFollowers of Aeneas, listen with fair minds, and donÌt judge my words by our years. Cetera per terras omnis animalia somno The Rutulians are quiet, drowned in sleep and wine. laxabant curas et corda oblita laborum: We ourselves have seen a place for a sortie: it opens ductores Teucrum primi et delecta iuventus in a fork of the road by the nearest gate to the sea. consilium summis regni de rebus habebant ThereÌs a gap between the fires, and black smoke rises quid facerent quisve Aeneae iam nuntius esset. to the stars. If you allow us to seize the chance, Stant longis adnixi hastis et scuta tenentes youÌll soon see us back again burdened with spoils castrorum et campi medio. Tum Nisus et una after carrying out vast slaughter. The road will not Euryalus confestim alacres admittier orant: deceive us as we seek Aeneas and PallanteumÌs walls. rem magnam pretiumque morae fore. Primus Iulus In our frequent hunting through the secret valleys accepit trepidos ac Nisum dicere iussit. weÌve seen the outskirts of the city, and know the whole river.Ì Tum sic Hyrtacides: 'Audite O mentibus aequis To this Aletes, heavy with years and wise in mind, replied: Aeneadae neve haec nostris spectentur ab annis ËGods of our fathers, under whose power Troy lies, quae ferimus. Rutuli somno vinoque soluti you do not intend to obliterate the Trojan race as yet conticuere; locum insidiis conspeximus ipsi since you bring us such courage in our young men and such qui patet in bivio portae quae proxuma ponto; firm hearts.Ì So saying, he took them both by the shoulder interrupti ignes aterque ad sidera fumus and hand while tears flooded his cheeks and lips. erigitur: si fortuna permittitis uti ËWhat possible prize could I consider worthy quaesitum Aenean et moenia Pallantea to be granted you men for such a glorious action? mox hic cum spoliis ingenti caede peracta The gods and tradition will give you the first adfore cernetis. Nec nos via fallit euntis: and most beautiful one: then good Aeneas, and Ascanius, vidimus obscuris primam sub vallibus urbem whoÌs untouched by the years and never unmindful venatu adsiduo et totum cognovimus amnem.' of such service, will immediately award the rest.Ì Hic annis gravis atque animi maturus Aletes: Ascanius interrupted: ËRather I entreat you both, Nisus, 'Di patrii quorum semper sub numine Troia est since my well-being depends on my fatherÌs return, non tamen omnino Teucros delere paratis by the great gods of our house, by the Lar of Assaracus, cum talis animos iuvenum et tam certa tulistis and by grey-haired VestaÌs innermost shrine, I lay pectora.' Sic memorans umeros dextrasque tenebat all my fortune and my promise in your lap, call my father back, amborum et voltum lacrimis atque ora rigabat. give me a sight of him: thereÌs no sorrow if heÌs restored. 'Quae vobis quae digna viri IÌll give you a pair of wine-cups, all of silver, with figures praemia posse rear solvi? Pulcherrima primum in relief, that my father captured when Arisba was taken, di moresque dabunt vestri; tum cetera reddet and twin tripods, two large talents of gold, actutum pius Aeneas atque integer aevi and an antique bowl Sidonian Dido gave me. Ascanius meriti tanti non immemor umquam.' If we truly manage to capture Italy, and take the sceptre, 'Immo ego vos cui sola salus genitore reducto ' and assign the spoils by lot, you have seen the horse excipit Ascanius ' per magnos Nise golden Turnus rode, and the armour he wore, IÌll separate Assaracique larem et canae penetralia Vestae from this moment, from the lots, that same horse, the shield, obtestor; quaecumque mihi fortuna fidesque est and the crimson plumes as your reward, Nisus. in vestris pono gremiis: revocate parentem Moreover my father will give you twelve women reddite conspectum; nihil illo triste recepto. of choicest person, and male captives all with their own armour, Bina dabo argento perfecta atque aspera signis and, beyond that, whatever land King Latinus owns himself. pocula devicta genitor quae cepit Arisba But now I truly welcome you wholly to my heart, Euryalus, et tripodas geminos auri duo magna talenta a boy to be revered, whose age I come closer to in time, cratera antiquum quem dat Sidonia Dido. and embrace you as a friend for every occasion. Si vero capere Italiam sceptrisque potiri IÌll never seek glory in my campaigns without you: contigerit victori et praedae dicere sortem whether I enjoy peace or war, youÌll have my firmest trust vidisti quo Turnus equo quibus ibat in armis in word and action.Ì Euryalus spoke like this in reply: aureus: ipsum illum clipeum cristasque rubentis ËNo day will ever find me separated from such excipiam sorti iam nunc tua praemia Nise. bold action: inasmuch as fortune proves kind Praeterea bis sex genitor lectissima matrum and not cruel. But I ask one gift above all from you: corpora captivosque dabit suaque omnibus arma I have a mother, of PriamÌs ancient race, unhappy woman, insuper his campi quod rex habet ipse Latinus. whom neither the land of Troy, nor King AcestesÌs city Te vero mea quem spatiis propioribus aetas could keep from accompanying me. I leave her now, insequitur venerande puer iam pectore toto ignorant of whatever risk to me there might be, accipio et comitem casus complector in omnis. and of my farewell, since ( this night and your Nulla meis sine te quaeretur gloria rebus; right hand bear witness) I could not bear seu pacem seu bella geram tibi maxima rerum a motherÌs tears. But I beg you, comfort verborumque fides.' Contra quem talia fatur her helplessness and aid her loss. Let me carry Euryalus: 'Me nulla dies tam fortibus ausis this hope I place in you with me, I will meet all dangers dissimilem arguerit; tantum fortuna secunda more boldly.Ì Their spirits affected, the Trojans aut adversa cadat. Sed te super omnia dona shed tears, noble Iulus above all, and this image unum oro genetrix Priami de gente vetusta of filial love touched his heart. Then he said: est mihi quam miseram tenuit non Ilia tellus ËBe sure IÌll do everything worthy of your great venture. mecum excedentem non moenia regis Acestae. SheÌll be as my mother to me, only lacking her name Creusa: Hanc ego nunc ignaram huius quodcumque pericli est no small gratitudeÌs due to her for bearing such a son. inque salutatam linquo: nox et tua testis Whatever the outcome of your action, I swear by this life, dextera quod nequeam lacrumas perferre parentis by which my father used once to swear: what I promised at tu oro solare inopem et succurre relictae. to you when you return, your campaign successful, Hanc sine me spem ferre tui: audentior ibo that same will accrue to your mother and your house.Ì in casus omnis.' Percussa mente dedere So he spoke, in tears: and at the same time stripped the gilded Dardanidae lacrimas; ante omnis pulcher Iulus sword from his shoulder, that Lycaon of Cnossos had made atque animum patriae strinxit pietatis imago. with marvellous art, and equipped for use with an ivory sheath. Tum sic effatur: Mnestheus gave Nisus a pelt, taken from a shaggy lion, 'Sponde digna tuis ingentibus omnia coeptis. loyal Aletes exchanged helmets. They armed, and left Namque erit ista mihi genetrix nomenque Creusae immediately: and the whole band of leaders, young and old, solum defuerit nec partum gratia talem escorted them to the gate as they went, with prayers. parva manet. Casus factum quicumque sequentur And noble Iulus too, with mature mind and duties per caput hoc iuro per quod pater ante solebat: beyond his years, gave them many commissions quae tibi polliceor reduci rebusque secundis to carry to his father: but the winds were to scatter haec eadem matrique tuae generique manebunt.' them all, and blow them vainly to the clouds. Sic ait inlacrimans; umero simul exuit ensem auratum mira quem fecerat arte Lycaon Gnosius atque habilem vagina aptarat eburna. Leaving, they crossed the ditches, seeking the enemy camp Dat Niso Mnestheus pellem horrentisque leonis in the shadow of night, destined yet to first bring many deaths. exuvias; galeam fidus permutat Aletes. They saw bodies in drunken sleep, stretched here and there Protinus armati incedunt; quos omnis euntis on the grass, chariots tilted upwards on the shore, men, among primorum manus ad portas iuvenumque senumque wheels and harness, and weapons and wine-cups lying about. prosequitur votis. Nec non et pulcher Iulus Nisus, HyrtacusÌs son, spoke first, saying: ante annos animumque gerens curamque virilem ËEuryalus, now the occasion truly calls for a daring multa patri mandata dabat portanda: sed aurae right hand. This is our road. You must see that no armÌs omnia discerpunt et nubibus inrita donant. raised against us at our back, and keep watch carefully: IÌll deal destruction here, and cut you a wide path.Ì Egressi superant fossas noctisque per umbram So he spoke, and checked his speech, and at once castra inimica petunt multis tamen ante futuri drove his sword at proud Rhamnes, who chanced to be exitio. Passim somno vinoque per herbam breathing deeply in sleep, piled with thick coverlets, corpora fusa vident arrectos litore currus He was King TurnusÌs best-beloved augur, and a king inter lora rotasque viros simul arma iacere himself, but he could not avert destruction with augury. vina simul. Prior Hyrtacides sic ore locutus: Nisus killed three of his servants nearby, lying careless 'Euryale audendum dextra; nunc ipsa vocat res. among their weapons, and RemusÌs armour bearer, and his charioteer, Hac iter est. Tu ne qua manus se attollere nobis found at the horsesÌ feet: he severed lolling necks with his sword. a tergo possit custodi et consule longe; Then he struck off the head of their lord himself, and left haec ego vasta dabo et lato te limite ducam. the trunk spurting blood, the ground and the bed drenched Sic memorat vocemque premit; simul ense superbum with dark warm blood. And Lamyrus too, and Lamum, Rhamnetem adgreditur qui forte tapetibus altis and young Serranus, noted for his beauty, who had sported exstructus toto proflabat pectore somnum. much that night, and lay there limbs drowned by much wine Ä Rex idem et regi Turno gratissimus augur happy if heÌd carried on his game all night till dawn: sed non augurio potuit depellere pestem. So a starving lion churning through a full sheepfold, (driven Tris iuxta famulos temere inter tela iacentis by its raging hunger) gnaws and tears at the feeble flock armigerumque Remi premit aurigamque sub ipsis mute with fear, and roars from its bloodstained mouth. nanctus equis ferroque secat pendentia colla; Nor was EuryalusÌs slaughter any less: he too raged, ablaze, tum caput ipsi aufert domino truncumque relinquit and among the nameless crowd he attacked Fadus, sanguine singultantem; atro tepefacta cruore and Herbesus, and Abaris, while they were unconscious: terra torique madent. Nec non Lamyrumque Lamumque and Rhoetus, but Rhoetus was awake and saw it all, et iuvenem Serranum illa qui plurima nocte but crouched in fear behind a huge wine-bowl. As he rose, luserat insignis facie multoque iacebat in close encounter, Euryalus plunged his whole blade membra deo victus: felix si protinus illum into RhoetusÌs chest, and withdrew it red with death. Rhoetus aequasset nocti ludum in lucemque tulisset. choked out his life in dark blood, and, dying, brought up wine Impastus ceu plena leo per ovilia turbans mixed with gore: the other pressed on fervently and stealthily. (suadet enim vesana fames) manditque trahitque Now he approached MessapusÌs followers: there he saw molle pecus mutumque metu fremit ore cruento: the outermost fires flickering, and the horses, duly tethered, nec minor Euryali caedes; incensus et ipse cropping the grass: Nisus (seeing him carried away perfurit ac multam in medio sine nomine plebem by slaughter and love of the swordÌs power) said briefly: Fadumque Herbesumque subit Rhoetumque Abarimque ËLetÌs go, since unhelpful dawn is near. Enough: vengeance ignaros Rhoetum vigilantem et cuncta videntem has been satisfied: a path has been made through the enemy.Ì sed magnum metuens se post cratera tegebat; They left behind many of the menÌs weapons pectore in adverso totum cui comminus ensem fashioned from solid silver, and wine-bowls and splendid hangings. condidit adsurgenti et multa morte recepit. Euryalus snatched RhamnesÌs trappings, and gold-studded Purpuream vomit ille animam et cum sanguine mixta sword-belt, gifts that wealthy Caedicus had once sent to Remulus vina refert moriens; hic furto fervidus instat. of Tibur, expressing friendship in absence: he when dying Iamque ad Messapi socios tendebat; ibi ignem gave them to his grandson as his own, and after his death in turn deficere extremum et religatos rite videbat the Rutulians captured them during the war in battle: now carpere gramen equos: breviter cum talia Nisus. Euryalus fitted them over his brave shoulders, though in vain. sensit enim nimia caede atque cupidine ferri: Then he put on MessapusÌs excellent helmet with its handsome 'Absistamus ' ait 'nam lux inimica propinquat. plumes. The left the camp and headed for safety. Poenarum exhaustum satis est via facta per hostis.' Multa virum solido argento perfecta relinquunt armaque craterasque simul pulchrosque tapetas. Meanwhile riders arrived, sent out from the Latin city, Euryalus phaleras Rhamnetis et aurea bullis while the rest of the army waited in readiness, cingula Tiburti Remulo ditissimus olim on the plain, bringing a reply for King Turnus: quae mittit dona hospitio cum iungeret absens three hundred, carrying shields, led by Volcens. Caedicus ille suo moriens dat habere nepoti They were already near the camp, and below the walls, [post mortem bello Rutuli pugnaque potiti] when they saw the two men turning down a path on the left: haec rapit atque umeris nequiquam fortibus aptat. his helmet, gleaming in the shadow of night, betrayed Tum galeam Messapi habilem cristisque decoram the unthinking Euryalus, and reflected back the rays. induit. Excedunt castris et tuta capessunt. It was not seen in vain. Volcens shouted from his column: ËYou men, halt, whatÌs the reason for your journey? Who are you, Interea praemissi equites ex urbe Latina youÌre armed? Where are you off to?Ì They offered no response, cetera dum legio campis instructa moratur but hastened their flight to the woods, trusting to the dark. ibant et Turno regi responsa ferebant The riders closed off the known junctions, on every side, tercentum scutati omnes Volcente magistro. and surrounded each exit route with guards. Iamque propinquabant castris murosque subibant The forest spread out widely, thick with brambles cum procul hos laevo flectentis limite cernunt and holm-oaks, the dense thorns filling it on every side: et galea Euryalum sublustri noctis in umbra there the path glinted through the secret glades. prodidit immemorem radiisque adversa refulsit. Euryalus was hampered by shadowy branches, and the weight Haud temere est visum. Conclamat ab agmine Volcens of his plunder, and his fear confused the pathÌs direction. 'State viri. Quae causa viae? Quive estis in armis? Nisus was clear: and already unaware had escaped the enemy, Quove tenetis iter?' Nihil illi tendere contra and was at the place later called Alba from Alba Longa sed celerare fugam in silvas et fidere nocti. (at that time King Latinus had his noble stalls there) Obiciunt equites sese ad divortia nota when he stopped, and looked back vainly for his missing friend. hinc atque hinc omnemque abitum custode coronant. ËEuryalus, unhappy boy, where did I separate from you? Silva fuit late dumis atque ilice nigra Which way shall I go?Ì he said, considering all the tangled tracks horrida quam densi complerant undique sentes; of the deceptive wood, and at the same time scanning rara per occultos lucebat semita calles. the backward traces he could see, criss-crossing the silent thickets. Euryalum tenebrae ramorum onerosaque praeda He heard horses, heard the cries and signals of pursuit: impediunt fallitque timor regione viarum; and it was no great time before a shout reached his ears Nisus abit iamque imprudens evaserat hostis and he saw Euryalus, betrayed by the ground and the night, atque locos qui post Albae de nomine dicti confused by the sudden tumult, whom the whole troop Albani tum rex stabula alta Latinus habebat were dragging away, overpowered, struggling violently in vain. ut stetit et frustra absentem respexit amicum. What can he do? With what force, or weapons, can he dare 'Euryale infelix qua te regione reliqui? to rescue the youth? Should he hurl himself to his death among Quave sequar rursus perplexum iter omne revolvens the swords, and by his wounds hasten to a glorious end? fallacis silvae?' Simul et vestigia retro He swiftly drew back his spear arm and gazing upwards observata legit dumisque silentibus errat. at the moon above, prayed, with these words: Audit equos audit strepitus et signa sequentum. ËO you, goddess, O you, LatonaÌs daughter, glory of the stars, Nec longum in medio tempus cum clamor ad auris and keeper of the woods, be here and help us in our trouble. pervenit ac videt Euryalum quem iam manus omnis If ever my father, Hyrtacus, brought offerings on my behalf fraude loci et noctis subito turbante tumultu to your altars, if ever I added to them from my own hunting, oppressum rapit et conantem plurima frustra. hung them beneath your dome, or fixed them to the sacred eaves, Quid faciat? Qua vi iuvenem quibus audeat armis let me throw their troop into confusion, guide my spear through the air.Ì eripere? An sese medios moriturus in enses He spoke and flung the steel, straining with his whole body. inferat et pulchram properet per volnera mortem? The flying javelin divided the shadows, struck SulmoÌs back, Ocius adducto torquens hastile lacerto as he turned, and snapped, the broken shaft piercing the heart. suspiciens altam Lunam sic voce precatur: He rolled over, a hot stream pouring from his chest, 'Tu dea tu praesens nostro succurre labori and deep gasps shook his sides, as he grew cold. astrorum decus et nemorum Latonia custos They gazed round them, in every direction. See, Nisus, Siqua tuis umquam pro me pater Hyrtacus aris all the more eager, levelled another spear against his ear. dona tulit siqua ipse meis venatibus auxi While they hesitated, the javelin hissed through both suspendive tholo aut sacra ad fastigia fixi: of TagusÌs temples, and fixed itself still warm in the pierced hunc sine me turbare globum et rege tela per auras.' brain. Fierce Volcens raged, but could not spy out the author Dixerat et toto conixus corpore ferrum of the act, nor any place that he could vent his fire. conicit: hasta volans noctis diverberat umbras He rushed at Euryalus with his naked sword, as he et venit aversi in tergum Sulmonis ibique cried out: ËIn the mean time youÌll pay in hot blood frangitur ac fisso transit praecordia ligno. and give me revenge for both your crimes.Ì Volvitur ille vomens calidum de pectore flumen Then, truly maddened with fear, Nisus shouted aloud, unable frigidus et longis singultibus ilia pulsat. to hide himself in the dark any longer, or endure such agony: Diversi circumspiciunt. Hoc acrior idem On me, Rutulians, turn your steel on me, me who did the deed! ecce aliud summa telum librabat ab aure. The guilt is all mine, he neither dared nor had the power: Dum trepidant it hasta Tago per tempus utrumque the sky and the all-knowing stars be witnesses: stridens traiectoque haesit tepefacta cerebro. he only loved his unfortunate friend too much.Ì Saevit atrox Volcens nec teli conspicit usquam He was still speaking, but the sword, powerfully driven, auctorem nec quo se ardens inmittere possit. passed through the ribs and tore the white breast. 'Tu tamen interea calido mihi sanguine poenas Euryalus rolled over in death, and the blood flowed persolves amborum ' inquit; simul ense recluso down his lovely limbs, and his neck, drooping, ibat in Euryalum. Tum vero exterritus amens sank on his shoulder, like a bright flower scythed conclamat Nisus nec se celare tenebris by the plough, bowing as it dies, or a poppy weighed amplius aut tantum potuit perferre dolorem. down by a chance shower, bending its weary head. Me me adsum qui feci in me convertite ferrum But Nisus rushed at them, seeking Volcens O Rutuli mea fraus omnis; nihil iste nec ausus above all, intent on Volcens alone. nec potuit caelum hoc et conscia sidera testor The enemy gathered round him, to drive him off, tantum infelicem nimium dilexit amicum.' in hand to hand conflict. He attacked none the less, whirling Talia dicta dabat; sed viribus ensis adactus his sword like lightning, until he buried it full in the face transabiit costas et candida pectora rumpit. of the shrieking Rutulian, and, dying, robbed his enemy of life. Volvitur Euryalus leto pulchrosque per artus Then, pierced through, he threw himself on the lifeless body it cruor inque umeros cervix conlapsa recumbit: of his friend, and found peace at last in the calm of death. purpureus veluti cum flos succisus aratro Happy pair! If my poetry has the power, languescit moriens lassove papavera collo while the House of Aeneas lives beside the CapitolÌs demisere caput pluvia cum forte gravantur. immobile stone, and a Roman leader rules the Empire, At Nisus ruit in medios solumque per omnis no day will raze you from timeÌs memory. Volcentem petit in solo Volcente moratur. The victorious Rutulians, gaining new plunder, and the spoils, Quem circum glomerati hostes hinc comminus atque hinc weeping carried the lifeless Volcens to the camp. proturbant. Instat non setius ac rotat ensem Nor was there less grief in that camp when Rhamnes fulmineum donec Rutuli clamantis in ore was discovered, drained of blood, and so many other leaders, condidit adverso et moriens animam abstulit hosti. killed in a single slaughter, with Serranus and Numa. A huge Tum super exanimum sese proiecit amicum crowd rushed towards the corpses and the dying, and the place confossus placidaque ibi demum morte quievit. fresh with hot killing, and foaming streams full of blood. Between them they identified the spoils, MessapusÌs Fortunati ambo! Siquid mea carmina possunt gleaming helmet, and his trappings re-won with such sweat. nulla dies umquam memori vos eximet aevo dum domus Aeneae Capitoli immobile saxum accolet imperiumque pater Romanus habebit. And now Aurora, early, leaving TithonusÌs saffron bed, sprinkled her fresh rays onto the earth. And now Victores praeda Rutuli spoliisque potiti as the sun streamed down, now as day revealed all things, Volcentem exanimum flentes in castra ferebant. Turnus armed himself, and roused his heroes to arms: Nec minor in castris luctus Rhamnete reperto they gathered their bronze-clad troops for the battle, exsangui et primis una tot caede peremptis each his own, and whetted their anger with various tales. Serranoque Numaque. Ingens concursus ad ipsa They even fixed the heads of Euryalus and Nisus corpora seminecisque viros tepidaque recentem on raised spears (wretched sight), and followed caede locum et plenos spumanti sanguine rivos. behind them, making a great clamour. Agnoscunt spolia inter se galeamque nitentem The tough sons of Aeneas had fixed their opposing lines Messapi et multo phaleras sudore receptas. on the left side of the ramparts (the right bordered on the river) and they held the wide ditches and stood grieving Et iam prima novo spargebat lumine terras on the high turrets: moved as one, made wretched by seeing the heads Tithoni croceum linquens Aurora cubile: of men they know only too well transfixed and streaming dark blood. iam sole infuso iam rebus luce retectis Meanwhile winged Rumour, flying through the anxious town, Turnus in arma viros armis circumdatus ipse sped the news, and stole to the ears of EuryalusÌs mother. suscitat aeratasque acies in proelia cogit And suddenly all warmth left her helpless bones, quisque suas variisque acuunt rumoribus iras. the shuttle was hurled from her hands, the thread unwound. Quin ipsa arrectis (visu miserabile) in hastis The wretched woman rushed out and sought the ramparts praefigunt capita et multo clamore sequuntur and the front line, shrieking madly, her hair dishevelled: Euryali et Nisi. she ignored the soldiers, the danger, the weapons, Aeneadae duri murorum in parte sinistra then she filled the heavens with her lament:Ì opposuere aciem nam dextera cingitur amni ËIs it you I see, Euryalus? You who brought peace ingentisque tenent fossas et turribus altis at last to my old age, how could you bring yourself stant maesti; simul ora virum praefixa movebant to leave me alone, cruel child? Why did you not give nota nimis miseris atroque fluentia tabo. your poor mother the chance for a final goodbye when you were being sent into so much danger? Interea pavidam volitans pennata per urbem Ah, you lie here in a strange land, given as prey to the carrion nuntia Fama ruit matrisque adlabitur auris birds and dogs of Latium! I, your mother, did not escort you Euryali. At subitus miserae calor ossa reliquit in funeral procession, or close your eyes, or bathe your wounds, excussi manibus radii revolutaque pensa. or shroud you with the robes I laboured at night and day Evolat infelix et femineo ululatu for you, soothing the cares of old age at the loom. scissa comam muros amens atque agmina cursu Where shall I go? What earth now holds your body, prima petit non illa virum non illa pericli your torn limbs, your mangled corpse? My son, telorumque memor; caelum dehinc questibus implet: is this what you bring home to me? Is this why I followed you 'Hunc ego te Euryale aspicio? Tune illa senectae by land and sea? O Rutulians, if you have feelings, pierce me: sera meae requies potuisti linquere solam hurl all your spears at me: destroy me above all with your steel: crudelis? Nec te sub tanta pericula missum or you, great father of the gods, pity me, and with adfari extremum miserae data copia matri? your lightning bolt, hurl this hated being down to Tartarus, Heu terra ignota canibus data praeda Latinis since I can shatter this cruel life no other way.Ì alitibusque iaces nec te tua funera mater This wailing shook their hearts, and a groan of sorrow swept produxi pressive oculos aut volnera lavi them all: their strength for battle was numbed and weakened. veste tegens tibi quam noctes festina diesque She was igniting grief and Idaeus and Actor, urgebam et tela curas solabar anilis. at IlioneusÌs order, with Iulus weeping bitterly, Quo sequar aut quae nunc artus avolsaque membra caught her up, and carried her inside in their arms. et funus lacerum tellus habet? Hoc mihi de te But the war-trumpet, with its bronze singing, rang out nate refers? Hoc sum terraque marique secuta? its terrible sound, a clamour followed, that the sky re-echoed. Figite me siqua est pietas in me omnia tela The Volscians, raising their shields in line, ran forward, conicite o Rutuli me primam absumite ferro: ready to fill in the ditches, and tear down the ramparts: aut tu magne pater divom miserere tuoque Some tried for an entrance, and to scale the wall with ladders, invisum hoc detrude caput sub Tartara telo where the ranks were thin, and a less dense cordon of men quando aliter nequeo crudelem abrumpere vitam.' allowed the light through. The Trojans accustomed to defending Hoc fletu concussi animi maestusque per omnis their walls by endless warfare, hurled missiles at them it gemitus: torpent infractae ad proelia vires. of every sort, and fended them off with sturdy poles. Illam incendentem luctus Idaeus et Actor They rolled down stones too, deadly weights, Illionei monitu et multum lacrimantis Iuli in the hope of breaking through the well-protected ranks, corripiunt interque manus sub tecta reponunt. which under their solid shields, however, rejoiced in enduring every danger. But soon even they were inadequate At tuba terribilem sonitum procul aere canoro since the Trojans rolled a vast rock to where a large formation increpuit; sequitur clamor caelumque remugit. threatened, and hurled it down, felling the Rutulians Adcelerant acta pariter testudine Volsci far and wide, and breaking their armoured shell. et fossas implere parant ac vellere vallum. The brave Rutulians no longer cared to fight blindly, Quaerunt pars aditum et scalis ascendere muros but tried to clear the ramparts with missiles. qua rara est acies interlucetque corona Elsewhere, Mezentius, deadly to behold, brandished non tam spissa viris. Telorum effundere contra Tuscan pine, and hurled smoking firebrands: omne genus Teucri ac duris detrudere contis while Messapus, tamer of horses, scion of Neptune, adsueti longo muros defendere bello. tore at the rampart, and called for scaling ladders. Saxa quoque infesto volvebant pondere siqua possent tectam aciem perrumpere: cum tamen omnis ferre iuvat subter densa testudine casus; I pray to you, O Calliope, Muses, inspire my singing nec iam sufficiunt. Nam qua globus imminet ingens of the slaughter, the deaths Turnus dealt with his sword immanem Teucri molem volvuntque ruuntque that day, and who each warrior was, that he sent down to Orcus, quae stravit Rutulos late armorumque resolvit and open the lips of mighty war with me, tegmina. Nec curant caeco contendere Marte since, goddesses, you remember, and have the power to tell: amplius audaces Rutuli sed pellere vallo There was a turret, tall to look at, with high access-ways, missilibus certant. and a good position, that all the Italians tried with utmost power Parte alia horrendus visu quassabat Etruscam to storm, and to dislodge with the utmost power of their efforts: pinum et fumiferos infert Mezentius ignis; the Trojans in turn defended themselves with stones at Messapus equum domitor Neptunia proles and hurled showers of missiles through the open loopholes. rescindit vallum et scalas in moenia poscit. Turnus was first to throw a blazing torch and root the flames in its flank, that, fanned by a strong wind, seized Vos o Calliope precor the planking, and clung to the entrances they devoured. quas ibi tum ferro strages quae funera Turnus The anxious men inside were afraid, and tried in vain ediderit quem quisque virum demiserit Orco; to escape disaster. While they clung together and retreated et mecum ingentis oras evolvite belli to the side free from damage, the turret suddenly [et meministis enim divae et memorare potestis.] collapsed, and the whole sky echoed to the crash. Half-dead they fell to earth, the huge mass following, Turris erat vasto suspectu et pontibus altis pierced by their own weapons, and their chests impaled opportuna loco summis quam viribus omnes on the harsh wood. Only Helenor and Lycus managed expugnare Itali summaque evertere opum vi to escape: Helenor being in the prime of youth, one certabant Troes contra defendere saxis whom a Licymnian slave had secretly borne to the Maeonian king, perque cavas densi tela intorquere fenestras. and sent to Troy, with weapons heÌd been forbidden, Princeps ardentem coniecit lampada Turnus lightly armed with naked blade, and anonymous white shield. et flammam adfixit lateri quae plurima vento When he found himself in the midst of TurnusÌs thousands, corripuit tabulas et postibus haesit adesis. Latin ranks standing to right and left of him, Turbati trepidare intus frustraque malorum as a wild creature, hedged in by a close circle of hunters, velle fugam. Dum se glomerant retroque residunt rages against theirs weapons, and hurls itself, consciously, in partem quae peste caret tum pondere turris to death, and is carried by its leap on to the hunting spears, procubuit subito et caelum tonat omne fragore. so the youth rushed to his death among the enemy, Semineces ad terram immani mole secuta and headed for where the weapons appeared thickest. confixique suis telis et pectora duro But Lycus, quicker of foot, darting among the enemy transfossi ligno veniunt. Vix unus Helenor and their arms reached the wall, and tried to grasp et Lycus elapsi. Quorum primaevus Helenor the high parapet with his hands, to reach his comradesÌ grasp. Maeonio regi quem serva Licymnia furtim Turnus following him closely on foot, with his spear, sustulerat vetitisque ad Troiam miserat armis taunted in triumph: ËMadman, did you hope to escape ense levis nudo parmaque inglorius alba; my reach?Ì He seized him, there and then, as he hung, isque ubi se Turni media inter milia vidit and pulled him down, with a large piece of the wall, hinc acies atque hinc acies adstare Latinas: like an eagle, carrier of JoveÌs lightning bolt, soaring high, ut fera quae densa venantum saepta corona lifting a hare or the snow-white body of a swan in its talons, contra tela furit seseque haud nescia morti or a wolf, MarsÌs creature, snatching a lamb from the fold, inicit et saltu supra venabula fertur that its mother searches for endlessly bleating. A shout rose haud aliter iuvenis medios moriturus in hostis on all sides: the Rutulians drove forwards, some filling inruit et qua tela videt densissima tendit. the ditches with mounds of earth, others throwing burning brands At pedibus longe melior Lycus inter et hostis onto the roofs. Ilioneus felled Lucetius with a rock, a vast fragment inter et arma fuga muros tenet altaque certat of the hillside, as he neared the gate, carrying fire, Liger prendere tecta manu sociumque attingere dextras. killed Emathion, Asilas killed Corynaeus, the first skilled Quem Turnus pariter cursu teloque secutus with the javelin, the other with deceptive long-range arrows: increpat his victor: 'Nostrasne evadere demens Caenus felled Ortygius, Turnus victorious Caeneus, and Itys sperasti te posse manus?' Simul adripit ipsum and Clonius, Dioxippus and Promolus, and Sagaris, and Idas pendentem et magna muri cum parte revellit. as he stood on the highest tower, and Capys killed Privernus. Qualis ubi aut leporem aut candenti corpore cycnum Themillas had grazed him slightly first with his spear, foolishly sustulit alta petens pedibus Iovis armiger uncis he threw his shield down, and placed his hand on the wound: quaesitum aut matri multis balatibus agnum so the arrow winged silently, fixed itself deep in his left side, Martius a stabulis rapuit lupus. Undique clamor and, burying itself within, tore the breathing passages tollitur: invadunt et fossas agere complent; with a lethal wound. Arcens son stood there too in glorious ardentis taedas alii ad fastigia iactant. armour, his cloak embroidered with scenes, bright with Spanish blue, Ilioneus saxo atque ingenti fragmine montis a youth of noble features, whom his father Arcens had sent, Lucetium portae subeuntem ignisque ferentem reared in MarsÌs grove by SymaethusÌs streams, Emathiona Liger Corynaeum sternit Asilas where the rich and gracious altars of Palicus stand: hic iaculo bonus hic longe fallente sagitta Mezentius, dropping his spears, whirled a whistling sling Ortygium Caeneus victorem Caenea Turnus on its tight thong, three times round his head, and split Turnus Ityn Cloniumque Dioxippum Promolumque his adversaryÌs forehead open in the middle, with et Sagarim et summis stantem pro turribus Idan the now-molten lead, stretching him full length in the deep sand. Privernum Capys. Hunc primo levis hasta Themillae strinxerat: ille manum proiecto tegmine demens ad volnus tulit; ergo alis adlapsa sagitta Then they say Ascanius first aimed his swift arrows et laevo infixa est lateri manus abditaque intus in war, used till now to terrify wild creatures in flight, spiramenta animae letali volnere rupit. and with his hand he felled brave Numanus, Stabat in egregiis Arcentis filius armis who was surnamed Remulus, and had pictus acu chlamydem et ferrugine clarus Hibera lately won TurnusÌs sister as his wife. insignis facie genitor quem miserat Arcens Numanus marched ahead of the front rank, eductum Matris luco Symaethia circum shouting words that were fitting and unfitting flumina pinguis ubi et placabilis ara Palici: to repeat, his heart swollen with new-won royalty stridentem fundam positis Mezentius hastis and boasting loudly of his greatness: ipse ter adducta circum caput egit habena ËTwice conquered Trojans arenÌt you ashamed to be besieged et media adversi liquefacto tempora plumbo and shut behind ramparts again, fending off death with walls? diffidit ac multa porrectum extendit harena. Behold, these are the men whoÌd demand our brides through war! What god, what madness has driven you to Italy? Tum primum bello celerem intendisse sagittam Here are no Atrides, no Ulysses, maker of fictions: dicitur ante feras solitus terrere fugaces a race from hardy stock, we first bring our newborn sons Ascanius fortemque manu fudisse Numanum to the river, and toughen them with the waterÌs fierce chill: cui Remulo cognomen erat Turnique minorem as children they keep watch in the chase, and weary the forest, germanam nuper thalamo sociatus habebat. their play is to wheel their horses and shoot arrows from the bow: Is primam ante aciem digna atque indigna relatu but patient at work, and used to little, our young men vociferans tumidusque novo praecordia regno tame the earth with the hoe, or shake cities in battle. ibat et ingentem sese clamore ferebat: All our life weÌre abraded by iron: we goad our bullocksÌ 'Non pudet obsidione iterum valloque teneri flanks with a reversed spear, and slow age bis capti Phryges et morti praetendere muros? doesnÌt weaken our strength of spirit, or alter our vigour: En qui nostra sibi bello conubia poscunt! we set a helmet on our white hairs, and delight Quis deus Italiam quae vos dementia adegit in collecting fresh spoils, and living on plunder. Non hic Atridae nec fandi fictor Ulixes: You wear embroidered saffron and gleaming purple, durum a stirpe genus natos ad flumina primum idleness pleases you, you delight in the enjoyment of dance, deferimus saevoque gelu duramus et undis and your tunics have sleeves, and your hats have ribbons. venatu invigilant pueri silvasque fatigant O truly you Phrygian women, as youÌre not Phrygian men, flectere ludus equos et spicula tendere cornu. run over the heights of Dindymus, where a double-reed At patiens operum parvoque adsueta iuventus makes music for accustomed ears. The timbrels call to you, aut rastris terram domat aut quatit oppida bello. and the Berecynthian boxwood flute of the Mother of Ida: Omne aevum ferro teritur versaque iuvencum leave weapons to men and abandon the sword.Ì terga fatigamus hasta; nec tarda senectus Ascanius did not tolerate such boastful words and dire warnings, debilitat vires animi mutatque vigorem: but facing him, fitted an arrow to the horsehair string, and, canitiem galea premimus semperque recentis straining his arms apart, paused, and first prayed humbly to Jove comportare iuvat praedas et vivere rapto. making these vows: ËAll-powerful Jupiter, assent to my bold attempt. Vobis picta croco et fulgenti murice vestis I myself will bring gifts each year to your temple, desidiae cordi iuvat indulgere choreis and IÌll place before your altar a snow-white bullock et tunicae manicas et habent redimicula mitrae. with gilded forehead, carrying his head as high as his mother, O vere Phrygiae neque enim Phryges ite per alta already butting with his horns, and scattering sand with his hooves.Ì Dindyma ubi adsuetis biforem dat tibia cantum! The Father heard, and thundered on the left Tympana vos buxusque vocat Berecyntia Matris from a clear sky, as one the fatal bow twanged. Idaeae sinite arma viris et cedite ferro.' The taut arrow sped onwards with a dreadful hiss, and passed through RemulusÌs brow, and split the hollow Talia iactantem dictis ac dira canentem temples with its steel. ËGo on, mock at virtue with proud words! non tulit Ascanius nervoque obversus equino This is the reply the twice-conquered Phrygians send the RutuliansÌ: contendit telum diversaque bracchia ducens Ascanius said nothing more. The Trojans followed this constitit ante Iovem supplex per vota precatus: with cheers, shouted for joy, and raised their spirits to the skies. 'Iuppiter omnipotens audacibus adnue coeptis. Ipse tibi ad tua templa feram sollemnia dona et statuam ante aras aurata fronte iuvencum Now, by chance, long-haired Apollo, seated in the cloudy candentem pariterque caput cum matre ferentem skies, looked down on the Italian ranks and the town, iam cornu petat et pedibus qui spargat harenam.' and spoke to the victorious Iulus as follows: Audiit et caeli Genitor de parte serena ËBlessings on your fresh courage, boy, scion of gods intonuit laevum sonat una fatifer arcus: and ancestor of gods yet to be, so it is man rises effugit horrendum stridens adducta sagitta to the stars. All the wars that destiny might bring perque caput Remuli venit et cava tempora ferro will rightly cease under the rule of AssaracusÌs house, traicit. 'I verbis virtutem inlude superbis! Troy does not limit you.Ì With this he launched himself His capti Phryges haec Rutulis responsa remittunt.' from high heaven, parted the living air, and found Hoc tantum Ascanius. Teucri clamore sequuntur Ascanius: then changed the form of his features laetitiaque fremunt animosque ad sidera tollunt. to old Butes. He was once armour-bearer to Trojan Aetheria tum forte plaga crinitus Apollo Anchises, and faithful guardian of the threshold: desuper Ausonias acies urbemque videbat then AscaniusÌs father made him the boyÌs companion. nube sedens atque his victorem adfatur Iulum: As he walked Apollo was like the old man in every way, 'Macte nova virtute puer: sic itur ad astra in voice and colouring, white hair, and clanging of harsh dis genite et geniture deos. Iure omnia Bella weapons, and he spoke these words to the ardent Iulus: gente sub Assaraci fato ventura resident ËEnough, son of Aeneas, that Numanus has fallen to your bow nec te Troia capit.' Simul haec effatus ab alto and is un-avenged. Mighty Apollo grants you this first glory, aethere se misit spirantis dimovet auras and does not begrudge you your like weapons: Ascaniumque petit. Forma tum vertitur oris but avoid the rest of the battle, boy.Ì So Apollo antiquum in Buten; hic Dardanio Anchisae spoke and in mid-speech left mortal sight armiger ante fuit fidusque ad limina custos and vanished far from menÌs eyes into clear air. tum comitem Ascanio pater addidit. Ibat Apollo The Trojan princes recognised the god and his celestial omnia longaevo similis vocemque coloremque weapons, and heard his quiver rattling as he flew. et crinis albos et saeva sonoribus arma So, given the godÌs words and his divine will, they stopped atque his ardentem dictis adfatur Iulum: Ascanius, eager for the fight, while themselves returning 'Sit satis Aenide telis impune Numanum to the battle, and openly putting their lives at risk. oppetiisse tuis; primam hanc tibi magnus Apollo The clamour rang through the towers along the whole wall, concedit laudem et paribus non invidet armis: they bent their bows quickly and whirled their slings. cetera parce puer bello.' Sic orsus Apollo The whole earth was strewn with spears: shields and hollow mortalis medio aspectus sermone reliquit helmets clanged as they clashed together, the battle grew fierce: et procul in tenuem ex oculis evanuit auram. vast as a rainstorm from the west, lashing the ground Agnovere deum proceres divinaque tela beneath watery Auriga, and dense as the hail the clouds hurl Dardanidae pharetramque fuga sensere sonantem. into the waves, when Jupiter, bristling with southerlies, Ergo avidum pugnae dictis ac numine Phoebi twirls the watery tempest, and bursts the skyÌs cavernous vapours. Ascanium prohibent ipsi in certamina rursus succedunt animasque in aperta pericula mittunt. It clamor totis per propugnacula muris Pandarus and Bitias, sons of Alcanor from Ida, whom Iaera intendunt acris arcus amentaque torquent. the wood-nymph bore in JupiterÌs grove, youths tall Sternitur omne solum telis tum scuta cavaeque as the pine-trees on their native hills, threw open the gate dant sonitum flictu galeae pugna aspera surgit: entrusted to them by their leaderÌs command, and, relying on quantus ab occasu veniens pluvialibus Haedis their weapons, drew the Rutulian enemy within the walls. verberat imber humum quam multa grandine nimbi They themselves stood in the gate, in front of the towers to right in vada praecipitant cum Iuppiter horridus austris and left, steel armoured, with plumes waving on their noble heads: torquet aquosam hiemem et caelo cava nubila rumpit. just as twin oaks rise up into the air, by flowing rivers, on the banks of the Po, or by delightful Athesis, lifting Pandarus et Bitias Idaeo Alcanore creti their shaggy heads to the sky, and nodding their tall crowns. quos Iovis eduxit luco silvestris Iaera When they saw the entrance clear the Rutulians rushed through. abietibus iuvenes patriis et montibus aequos At once Quercens and Aquicolus, handsome in his armour, portam quae ducis imperio commissa recludunt Tmarus, impulsive at heart, and Haemon, a son of Mars, freti animis ultroque invitant moenibus hostem. were routed with all their Rutulian ranks, and took to their heels, Ipsi intus dextra ac laeva pro turribus adstant or laid down their lives on the very threshold of the gate. armati ferro et cristis capita alta corusci: Then the anger grew fiercer in their fighting spirits, quales aeriae liquentia flumina circum and soon the Trojans gathering massed in the same place, sive Padi ripis Athesim seu propter amoenum and dared to fight hand to hand, and advance further outside. consurgunt geminae quercus intonsaque caelo The news reached Turnus, the Rutulian leader, as he raged attollunt capita et sublimi vertice nutant. and troubled the lines in a distant part of the field, that the enemy, inrumpunt aditus Rutuli ut videre patentis hot with fresh slaughter, were laying their doors wide open. continuo Quercens et pulcher Aquiculus armis He left what he had begun, and, roused to savage fury, et praeceps animi Tmarus et Mavortius Haemon he ran towards the Trojan gate, and the proud brothers. agminibus totis: at versi terga dedere And first he brought Antiphates down with a spear throw, aut ipso portae posuere in limine vitam. (since he was first to advance), bastard son of noble Sarpedon Tum magis increscunt animis discordibus irae; by a Theban mother: the Italian cornel-wood shaft flew through et iam collecti Troes glomerantur eodem the clear air and, fixing in his belly, ran deep up into his chest: et conferre manum et procurrere longius audent. the hollow of the dark wound released a foaming flow, and the metal became warm in the pierced lung. Ductori Turno diversa in parte furenti Then he overthrew Meropes and Erymas with his hand, turbantique viros perfertur nuntius hostem and then Aphidnus, then Bitias, fire in his eyes, clamour fervere caede nova et portas praebere patentis. in his heart, not to a spear (he would never have lost his life Deserit inceptum atque immani concitus ira to a spear) but a javelin arrived with a great hiss, hurled Dardaniam ruit ad portam fratresque superbos. and driven like a thunderbolt, that neither two bullsÌ hides Et primum Antiphaten is enim se primus agebat nor the faithful breastplate with double scales of gold Thebana de matre nothum Sarpedonis alti could resist: the mighty limbs collapsed and fell, coniecto sternit iaculo; volat Itala cornus earth groaned and the huge shield clanged above him. aera per tenerum stomachoque infixa sub altum So a rock pile sometimes falls on BaiaeÌs Euboic shore, pectus abit: reddit specus atri volneris undam first constructed of huge blocks, then toppled into the sea: spumantem et fixo ferrum in pulmone tepescit. as it falls it trails havoc behind, tumbles into the shallows Tum Meropem atque Erymanta manu tum sternit Aphidnum and settles in the depths: the sea swirls in confusion, tum Bitian ardentem oculis animisque frementem and the dark sand rises upwards, then ProcidaÌs non iaculo neque enim iaculo vitam ille dedisset lofty island trembles at the sound and IschiaÌs isleÌs sed magnum stridens contorta phalarica venit harsh floor, laid down over Typhoeus, at JoveÌs command. fulminis acta modo quam nec duo taurea terga nec duplici squama lorica fidelis et auro sustinuit: conlapsa ruunt immania membra. At this Mars, powerful in war, gave the Latins strength Dat tellus gemitum et clipeum super intonat ingens. and courage, and twisted his sharp goad in their hearts, Talis in Euboico Baiarum litore quondam and sent Rout and dark Fear against the Trojans. saxea pila cadit magnis quam molibus ante Given the chance for action, the Latins came together constructam ponto iaciunt; sic illa ruinam from every side, and the god of battle possessed their souls. prona trahit penitusque vadis inlisa recumbit: Pandarus, seeing his brotherÌs fallen corpse, and which side miscent se maria et nigrae attolluntur harenae; fortune was on, and what fate was driving events, tum sonitu Prochyta alta tremit durumque cubile pushed with a mighty heave of his broad shoulders Inarime Iovis imperiis imposta Typhoeo. and swung the gate on its hinges, leaving many a comrade locked outside the wall in the cruel conflict: but the rest Hic Mars armipotens animum viresque Latinis he greeted as they rushed in and shut in there, with himself, addidit et stimulos acris sub pectore vertit foolishly, not seeing the Rutulian king bursting through immisitque Fugam Teucris atrumque Timorem. among the mass, freely closing him inside the town, Undique conveniunt quoniam data copia pugnae like a huge tiger among a helpless herd. bellatorque animo deus incidit. At once fresh fire flashed from TurnusÌs eyes Pandarus ut fuso germanum corpore cernit his weapons clashed fearfully, the blood-red plumes et quo sit fortuna loco qui casus agat res on his helmet quivered, and lightning glittered from his shield. portam vi magna converso cardine torquet In sudden turmoil the sons of Aeneas recognised that hated form obnixus latis umeris multosque suorum and those huge limbs. Then great Pandarus sprang forward, moenibus exclusos duro in certamine linquit; blazing with anger at his brotherÌs death, shouting: ast alios secum includit recipitque ruentis This is not Queen AmataÌs palace, given in dowry, or the heart demens qui Rutulum in medio non agmine regem of Ardea, surrounding Turnus with his native walls. viderit inrumpentem ultroque incluserit urbi You see an enemy camp: you canÌt escape from here.Ì immanem veluti pecora inter inertia tigrim Turnus, smiling, his thoughts calm, replied to him: Continuo nova lux oculis effulsit et arma ËCome then, if thereÌs courage in your heart, close with me: horrendum sonuere; tremunt in vertice cristae you can go tell Priam that, here too, you found an Achilles.Ì sanguineae clipeoque micantia fulmina mittit: He spoke. Pandarus, straining with all his force, hurled agnoscunt faciem invisam atque immania membra his spear rough with knots and un-stripped bark: turbati subito Aeneadae. Tum Pandarus ingens the wind took it, Saturnian Juno deflected emicat et mortis fraternae fervidus ira the imminent blow, and the spear stuck fast in the gate. effatur: 'Non haec dotalis regia Amatae Turnus cried: ËBut youÌll not escape this weapon nec muris cohibet patriis media Ardea Turnum. my right arm wields with power, the source of this weapon Castra inimica vides; nulla hinc exire potestas.' and wound is not such as you.Ì: and he towered up, his sword Olli subridens sedato pectore Turnus: lifted, and, with the blade, cleft the forehead in two between 'Incipe siqua animo virtus et consere dextram: the temples, down to the beardless jaw, in an evil wound. hic etiam inventum Priamo narrabis Achillem.' There was a crash: the ground shook under the vast weight. Dixerat. Ille rudem nodis et cortice crudo Pandarus, dying, lowered his failing limbs and brain-spattered intorquet summis adnixus viribus hastam: weapons to the ground, and his skull split in half excepere aurae volnus; Saturnia Iuno hung down on either side over both his shoulders. detorsit veniens portaeque infigitur hasta. 'At non hoc telum mea quod vi dextera versat effugies; neque enim is teli nec volneris auctor.' The Trojans turned and fled in sudden terror, Sic ait et sublatum alte consurgit in ensem and if Turnus had thought at once to burst the bolts et mediam ferro gemina inter tempora frontem by force, and let in his comrades through the gates, dividit inpubesque immani volnere malas. that would have been the end of the war and the nation. Fit sonus ingenti concussa est pondere tellus: But rage and insane desire for slaughter drove him, conlapsos artus atque arma cruenta cerebro passionate, against the enemy. First he caught Phaleris sternit humi moriens atque illi partibus aequis and Gyges whom he hamstrung, then flung their spears, huc caput atque illuc umero ex utroque pependit. which he seized, at the backs of the fleeing crowd. Diffugiunt versi trepida formidine Troes: Juno aided him in strength and spirit. He sent et si continuo victorem ea cura subisset Halys and Phegeus, his shield pierced, to join them, rumpere claustra manu sociosque immittere portis then Alcander and Halius, Noemon and Prytanis ultimus ille dies bello gentique fuisset; unawares, as they roused those on the walls to battle. sed furor ardentem caedisque insana cupido As Lynceus calling to his comrades moved towards him, egit in adversos. he anticipated him with a stroke of his glittering sword Principio Phalerim et succiso poplite Gygen from the right-hand rampart, LynceusÌs head, severed excipit; hinc raptas fugientibus ingerit hastas by the single blow at close quarters, fell to the ground in tergum Iuno vires animumque ministrat; with the helmet some distance away. Then Amycus, addit Halym comitem et confixa Phegea parma that threat to wild creatures, than whom none was better ignaros deinde in muris Martemque cientis at coating spears and arming steel with poison, Alcandrumque Haliumque Noemonaque Prytanimque. and Clytius, son of Aeolus, and Cretheus, friend to the Muses, Lyncea tendentem contra sociosque vocantem Cretheus the MusesÌ follower, to whom song and lyre vibranti gladio conixus ab aggere dexter and striking measures on the strings were always a delight, occupat; huic uno desectum comminus ictu always he sang of horses, of soldiersÌ weapons and battles. cum galea longe iacuit caput. Inde ferarum At last the Trojan leaders, Mnestheus and brave Serestus, vastatorem Amycum quo non felicior alter hearing of this slaughter of their men, arrived to see ungere tela manu ferrumque armare veneno their troops scattered and the enemy within. et Clytium Aeoliden et amicum Crethea Musis Mnestheus shouted: ËWhere are you running to, off where? Crethea Musarum comitem cui carmina semper What other walls or battlements do you have, but these? et citharae cordi numerosque intendere nervis. O citizens, shall one man, hemmed in on all sides by ramparts, [Semper equos atque arma virum pugnasque canebat.] cause such carnage through this our city, and go unpunished? Shall he send so many of our noblest youths to Orcus? Tandem ductores audita caede suorum Cowards, have you no pity, no shame, for your wretched conveniunt Teucri Mnestheus acerque Serestus country, for your ancient gods, for great Aeneas?Ì palantisque vident socios hostemque receptum. Et Mnestheus: 'Quo deinde fugam quo tenditis?' inquit. 'Quos alios muros quae iam ultra moenia habetis? Inflamed by such words they were strengthened, and they halted, Unus homo et vestris o cives undique saeptus densely packed. Turnus little by little retreated from the fight, aggeribus tantas strages inpune per urbem heading for the river, and a place embraced by the waves. ediderit iuvenum primos tot miserit Orco? The Trojans pressed towards him more fiercely, with a great clamour, Non infelicis patriae veterumque deorum and massed together, as a crowd of hunters with levelled spears et magni Aeneae segnes miseretque pudetque?' close in on a savage lion: that, fearful but fierce, glaring in anger, Talibus accensi firmantur et agmine denso gives ground, though fury and courage wonÌt let it turn its back, consistunt. Turnus paulatim excedere pugna nor will men and spears allow it to attack, despite its wish. et fluvium petere ac partem quae cingitur unda So Turnus wavering retraced his steps acrius hoc Teucri clamore incumbere magno cautiously, his mind seething with rage. et glomerare manum. Ceu saevum turba leonem Even then he charged amongst the enemy twice, cum telis premit infensis at territus ille and twice sent them flying a confused rabble along the walls: asper acerba tuens retro redit but the whole army quickly gathered en masse from the camp, ira dare aut virtus patitur nec tendere contra and Saturnian Juno didnÌt dare empower him against them, ille quidem hoc cupiens potis est per tela virosque: since Jupiter sent Iris down through the air from heaven, haud aliter retro dubius vestigia Turnus carrying no gentle commands for his sister, if Turnus did not leave improperata refert et mens exaestuat ira. the high Trojan ramparts. Therefore the warrior, overwhelmed Quin etiam bis tum medios invaserat hostis by so many missiles hurled from every side, couldnÌt so much as bis confusa fuga per muros agmina vertit; hold his own with shield and sword-arm. The helmet protecting sed manus e castris propere coit omnis in unum his hollow temples rang with endless noise, the solid bronze gaped nec contra vires audet Saturnia Iuno from the hail of stones, his crest was torn off, and his shield-boss sufficere aeriam caelo nam Iuppiter Irim couldnÌt withstand the blows: the Trojans, with deadly Mnestheus demisit germanae haud mollia iussa ferentem himself, redoubled their rain of javelins. Then the sweat ran all over ni Turnus cedat Teucrorum moenibus altis. TurnusÌs body, and flowed in a dark stream (heÌd no time to breathe) Ergo nec clipeo iuvenis subsistere tantum and an agonised panting shook his exhausted body. dextra valet: iniectis sic undique telis Then, finally, leaping headlong, he plunged down into the river obruitur. Strepit adsiduo cava tempora circum in full armour. The Tiber welcomed him to its yellow flood tinnitu galea et saxis solida aera fatiscunt as he fell, lifted him on its gentle waves, and, washing away discussaeque iubae capiti nec sufficit umbo the blood, returned him, overjoyed, to his friends. ictibus: ingeminant hastis et Troes et ipse fulmineus Mnestheus. Tum toto corpore sudor Meanwhile the palace of all-powerful Olympus liquitur et piceum nec respirare potestas was opened wide, and the father of the gods, and king of men, flumen agit; fessos quatit aeger anhelitus artus. called a council in his starry house, from whose heights Tum demum praeceps saltu sese omnibus armis he gazed at every land, at Trojan camp, and Latin people. in fluvium dedit: ille suo cum gurgite flavo They took their seats in the hall with doors at east and west, accepit venientem ac mollibus extulit undis and he began: ËGreat sky-dwellers, why have you changed et laetum sociis abluta caede remisit. your decision, competing now, with such opposing wills? I commanded Italy not to make war on the Trojans. Why this conflict, against my orders? What fear has driven them both to take up arms and incite violence? The right time for fighting will arrive (donÌt bring it on) PUBLI VERGILI MARONIS when fierce Carthage, piercing the Alps, will launch great destruction on the Roman strongholds: AENEIDOS then it will be fine to compete in hatred, and ravage things. Now let it alone, and construct a treaty, gladly, as agreed.Ì PANDITUR interea domus omnipotentis Olympi JupiterÌs speech was brief as this: but golden VenusÌs reply was not: conciliumque vocat divom pater atque hominum rex ËO father, eternal judge of men and things sideream in sedem terras unde arduus omnis (for who else is there I can make my appeal to now?) castraque Dardanidum adspectat populosque Latinos. you see how the Rutulians exult, how Turnus is drawn Considunt tectis bipatentibus incipit ipse: by noble horses through the crowd, and, fortunate in war, 'Caelicolae magni quianam sententia vobis rushes on proudly. Barred defences no longer protect the Trojans: versa retro tantumque animis certatis iniquis? rather they join battle within the gates, and on the rampart Abnueram bello Italiam concurrere Teucris. walls themselves, and the ditches are filled with blood. Quae contra vetitum discordia? Quis metus aut hos Aeneas is absent, unaware of this. Will you never let the siege aut hos arma sequi ferrumque lacessere suasit? be raised? A second enemy once again menaces and harasses Adveniet iustum pugnae ne arcessite tempus new-born Troy, and again, from Aetolian Arpi, a Diomede rises. cum fera Karthago Romanis arcibus olim I almost think the wound I had from him still awaits me: exitium magnum atque Alpes immittet apertas: your child merely delays the thrust of that mortalÌs weapon. tum certare odiis tum res rapuisse licebit. If the Trojans sought Italy without your consent, and despite Nunc sinite et placitum laeti componite foedus.' your divine will, let them expiate the sin: donÌt grant them help. But if theyÌve followed the oracles of powers above and below, Iuppiter haec paucis; at non Venus aurea contra why should anyone change your orders now, and forge new destinies? pauca refert: Shall I remind you of their fleet, burned on the shores of Eryx? 'O pater O hominum rerumque aeterna potestas! Or the king of the storms and his furious winds roused Namque aliud quid sit quod iam implorare queamus? from Aeolia, or Iris sent down from the clouds? Cernis ut insultent Rutulli Turnusque [feratur Now Juno even stirs the dead (the only lot still left to use) per medios insignis equis tumidusque] secundo and Allecto too, suddenly loosed on the upper world, Marte ruat? Non clausa tegunt iam moenia Teucros: runs wild through all the Italian cities. quin intra portas atque ipsis proelia miscent I no longer care about Empire. Though that was my hope aggeribus moerorum et inundant sanguine fossas. while fortune was kind. Let those you wish to win prevail. Aeneas ignarus abest. Numquamne levari Father, if thereÌs no land your relentless queen will grant the Trojans, obsidione sines? Muris iterum imminet hostis I beg, by the smoking ruins of shattered Troy, let me bring nascentis Troiae [nec non exercitus alter;] Ascanius, untouched, from among the weapons: let my grandson live. atque iterum in Teucros Aetolis surgit ab Arpis Aeneas, yes, may be tossed on unknown seas, and go Tydides. Equidem credo mea volnera restant wherever Fortune grants a road: but let me have the power et tua progenies mortalia demoror arma. to protect the child and remove him from the fatal battle. Si sine pace tua atque invito numine Troes Amathus is mine, high Paphos and Cythera are mine, Italiam petiere luant peccata neque illos and IdaliaÌs temple: let him ground his weapons there, iuveris auxilio; sin tot responsa secuti and live out inglorious years. Command that Carthage, quae superi manesque dabant: cur nunc tua quisquam with her great power, crush Italy: then thereÌll be vertere iussa potest aut cur nova condere fata? no obstacle to the Tyrian cities. What was the use in their escaping Quid repetem exustas Erycino in litore classes the plague of war, fleeing through the heart of Argive flames, quid tempestatum regem ventosque furentis enduring the dangers at sea, and in desolate lands, Aeolia excitos aut actam nubibus Irim? as long as the Trojans seek Latium and Troy re-born? Nunc etiam manis haec intemptata manebat WouldnÌt it have been better to build on those last embers sors rerum movet et superis immissa repente of their country, on the soil where Troy once stood? Allecto medias Italum bacchata per urbes. Give Xanthus and Simois back to these unfortunates, Nil super imperio moveor: speravimus ista father, I beg you, and let the Trojans re-live the course of Ilium.Ì dum fortuna fuit; vincant quos vincere mavis. Then royal Juno goaded to savage frenzy, cried out: Si nulla est regio Teucris quam det tua coniunx ËWhy do you make me shatter my profound silence, dura per eversae genitor and utter words of suffering to the world? exscidia obtestor liceat dimittere ab armis Did any god or man force Aeneas to make war incolumem Ascanium liceat superesse nepotem. and attack King Latinus as an enemy? Aeneas sane ignotis iactetur in undis He sought Italy prompted by the Fates (so be it) et quamcumque viam dederit Fortuna sequatur: impelled by CassandraÌs ravings: was he urged by me hunc tegere et dirae valeam subducere pugnae. to leave the camp, and trust his life to the winds? Est Amathus est celsa mihi Paphus atque Cythera To leave the outcome of war, and their defences to a child: Idaliaeque domus: positis inglorius armis to disturb Tuscan good faith, and peaceful tribes? exigat hic aevum. Magna dicione iubeto What goddess, what harsh powers of mine drove him Karthago premat Ausoniam: nihil urbibus inde to harm? Where is Juno in this, or Iris sent from the clouds? obstabit Tyriis. Quid pestem evadere belli If itÌs shameful that the Italians surround new-born Troy iuvit et Argolicos medium fugisse per ignes with flames, and Turnus make a stand on his native soil, totque maris vastaeque exhausta pericula terrae he whose ancestor is Pilumnus, divine Venilia his mother: dum Latium Teucri recidivaque Pergama quaerunt? what of the Trojans with smoking brands using force against the Latins, Non satius cineres patriae insedisse supremos planting their yoke on othersÌ fields and driving off their plunder? atque solum quo Troia fuit? Xanthum et Simoenta Deciding whose daughters to marry, and dragging betrothed girls redde oro miseris iterumque revolvere casus from their loverÌs arms, offering peace with one hand, da pater Iliacos Teucris.' Tum regia Iuno but decking their ships with weapons? You can steal acta furore gravi: 'Quid me alta silentia cogis Aeneas away from Greek hands and grant them fog and empty air rumpere et obductum verbis volgare dolorem? instead of a man, and turn their fleet of ships into as many nymphs: Aenean hominum quisquam divomque subegit is it wrong then for me to have given some help to the Rutulians? bella sequi aut hostem regi se inferre Latino? ÍAeneas is absent, unaware of this.Î Let him be absent and unaware. Italiam petiit fatis auctoribus esto Paphos, Idalium, and high Cythera are yours? Why meddle then Cassandrae inpulsus furiis: num linquere castra with a city pregnant with wars and fierce hearts? hortati sumus aut vitam committere ventis? Is it I who try to uproot TroyÌs fragile state from its base? Num puero summam belli num credere muros Is it I? Or he who exposed the wretched Trojans to the Greeks? Tyrrhenamque fidem aut gentis agitare quietas? What reason was there for Europe and Asia to rise up Quis deus in fraudem quae dura potentia nostra in arms, and dissolve their alliance, through treachery? egit? Ubi hic Iuno demissave nubibus Iris? Did I lead the Trojan adulterer to conquer Sparta? Indignum est Italos Troiam circumdare flammis Did I give him weapons, or foment a war because of his lust? nascentem et patria Turnum consistere terra Then, you should have feared for your own: now, too late, cui Pilumnus avus cui diva Venilia mater: you raise complaints without justice, and provoke useless quarrels.Ì quid face Troianos atra vim ferre Latinis arva aliena iugo premere atque avertere praedas? Quid soceros legere et gremiis abducere pactas So Juno argued, and all the divinities of heaven murmured pacem orare manu praefigere puppibus arma? their diverse opinions, as when rising gales murmur in the woods Tu potes Aenean manibus subducere Graium and roll out their secret humming, warning sailors of coming storms. proque viro nebulam et ventos obtendere inanis Then the all-powerful father, who has prime authority over things, tu potes in totidem classem convertere nymphas: began (the noble hall of the gods fell silent as he spoke, nos aliquid Rutulos contra iuvisse nefandum est? earth trembled underground, high heaven fell silent, Aeneas ignarus abest: ignarus et absit. the Zephyrs too were stilled, the sea calmed its placid waters). Est Paphus Idaliumque tibi sunt alta Cythera: ËTake my words to heart and fix them there. quid gravidam bellis urbem et corda aspera temptas? Since Italians and Trojans are not allowed to join Nosne tibi fluxas Phrygiae res vertere fundo in alliance, and your disagreement has no end, conamur nos an miseros qui Troas Achivis I will draw no distinction between them, Trojan or Rutulian, obiecit? Quae causa fuit consurgere in arma whatever luck each has today, whatever hopes they pursue, Europamque Asiamque et foedera solvere furto? whether the campÌs under siege, because of ItalyÌs fortunes, Me duce Dardanius Spartam expugnavit adulter or TroyÌs evil wanderings and unhappy prophecies. aut ego tela dedi fovive cupidine bella? Nor will I absolve the Rutulians. What each has instigated Tum decuit metuisse tuis: nunc sera querelis shall bring its own suffering and success. Jupiter is king of all, haud iustis adsurgis et inrita iurgia iactas.' equally: the fates will determine the way.Ì He nodded, Talibus orabat Iuno cunctique fremebant swearing it by the waters of his Stygian brother, caelicolae adsensu vario ceu flamina prima by the banks that seethe with pitch, and the black chasm cum deprensa fremunt silvis et caeca volutant and made all Olympus tremble at his nod. murmura venturos nautis prodentia ventos. So the speaking ended. Jupiter rose from his golden throne, Tum pater omnipotens rerum cui prima potestas and the divinities led him to the threshold, among them. infit; eo dicente deum domus alta silescit et tremefacta solo tellus silet arduus aether tum Zephyri posuere premit placida aequora pontus: Meanwhile the Rutulians gathered round every gate, 'Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta. to slaughter the men, and circle the walls with flames, Quandoquidem Ausonios coniungi foedere Teucris while AeneasÌs army was held inside their stockade, haud licitum nec vestra capit discordia finem: imprisoned, with no hope of escape. Wretchedly they stood quae cuique est fortuna hodie quam quisque secat spem there on the high turrets, and circling the walls, a sparse ring. Tros Rutulusne fuat nullo discrimine habebo. Asius, son of Imbrasus, Thymoetes, son of Hicetaon, Seu fatis Italum castra obsidione tenentur the two Assaraci, and Castor with old Thymbris were the front rank: sive errore malo Troiae monitisque sinistris. SarpedonÌs two brothers, Clarus and Thaemon, from noble Lycia, Nec Rutulos solvo: sua cuique exorsa laborem were at their side. Acmon of Lyrnesus, no less huge than his father fortunamque ferent. Rex Iuppiter omnibus idem. Clytius, or his brother Mnestheus, lifted a giant rock, Fata viam invenient.' Stygii per flumina fratris no small fragment of a hillside, straining his whole body. per pice torrentis atraque voragine ripas Some tried to defend with javelins, some with stones, adnuit et totum nutu tremefecit Olympum. hurling fire and fitting arrows to the bow. Hic finis fandi. Solio tum Iuppiter aureo See, the Trojan boy, himself, in their midst, surgit caelicolae medium quem ad limina ducunt. VenusÌs special care, his handsome head uncovered, Interea Rutuli portis circum omnibus instant sparkling like a jewel set in yellow gold sternere caede viros et moenia cingere flammis. adorning neck or forehead, gleaming like ivory, At legio Aeneadum vallis obsessa tenetur inlaid skilfully in boxwood or Orician terebinth: nec spes ulla fugae. Miseri stant turribus altis his milk-white neck, and the circle of soft gold nequiquam et rara muros cinxere corona clasping it, received his flowing hair. Asius Imbrasides Hicetaoniusque Thymoetes Your great-hearted people saw you too Ismarus, Assaracique duo et senior cum Castore Thymbris dipping reed-shafts in venom, and aiming them prima acies; hos germani Sarpedonis ambo to wound, from a noble Lydian house, there where men et Clarus et Thaemon Lycia comitantur ab alta. till rich fields, that the Pactolus waters with gold. There was Fert ingens toto conixus corpore saxum Mnestheus as well, whom yesterdayÌs glory, of beating haud partem exiguam montis Lyrnesius Acmon Turnus back from the wallÌs embankment, exalted highly, nec Clytio genitore minor nec fratre Menestheo. and Capys: from him the name of the Campanian city comes. Hi iaculis illi certant defendere saxis Men were fighting each other in the conflict of bitter war: molirique ignem nervoque aptare sagittas. while Aeneas, by night, was cutting through the waves. Ipse inter medios Veneris iustissima cura When, on leaving Evander and entering the Tuscan camp, Dardanius caput ecce puer detectus honestum he had met the king, announced his name and race, qualis gemma micat fulvum quae dividit aurum the help he sought, and that he himself offered, aut collo decus aut capiti; vel quale per artem what forces Mezentius was gathering to him, inclusum buxo aut Oricia terebintho and the violence in TurnusÌs heart, and then had warned lucet ebur; fusos cervix cui lactea crinis how little faith can be placed in human powers, accipit et molli subnectens circulus auro. and had added his entreaties, Tarchon, joined forces with him Te quoque magnanimae viderunt Ismare gentes without delay, and agreed a treaty: then fulfilling their fate volnera dirigere et calamos armare veneno the Lydian people took to their ships by divine command, Maeonia generose domo ubi pinguia culta trusting to a ËforeignÌ leader. AeneasÌs vessel took the van, exercentque viri Pactolusque inrigat auro. adorned with Phrygian lions below her beak, Mount Ida Adfuit et Mnestheus quem pulsi pristina Turni towering above them, a delight to the exiled Trojans. aggere moerorum sublimem gloria tollit There great Aeneas sat and pondered the varying issues et Capys: hinc nomen Campanae ducitur urbi. of the war, and Pallas sticking close to his left side, asked him now about the stars, their path through the dark night, Illi inter sese duri certamina belli and now about his adventures on land and sea. contulerant: media Aeneas freta nocte secabat. Namque ut ab Euandro castris ingressus Etruscis regem adit et regi memorat nomenque genusque Now, goddesses, throw Helicon wide open: begin your song quidve petat quidve ipse ferat Mezentius arma of the company that followed Aeneas from Tuscan shores, quae sibi conciliet violentaque pectora Turni arming the ships and riding over the seas. edocet humanis quae sit fiducia rebus Massicus cut the waters at their head, in the bronze-armoured Tiger, admonet immiscetque preces: haud fit mora Tarchon a band of a thousand warriors under him, leaving the walls iungit opes foedusque ferit; tum libera fati of Clusium, and the city of Cosae, whose weapons are arrows, classem conscendit iussis gens Lydia divom held in light quivers over their shoulders, and deadly bows. externo commissa duci. Aeneia puppis Grim Abas was with him: whose ranks were all splendidly prima tenet rostro Phrygios subiuncta leones armoured, his ship aglow with a gilded figure of Apollo. imminet Ida super profugis gratissima Teucris. Populonia, the mother-city, had given him six hundred Hic magnus sedet Aeneas secumque volutat of her offspring, all expert in war, and the island of Ilva, rich eventus belli varios Pallasque sinistro with the ChalybesÌ inexhaustible mines, three hundred. adfixus lateri iam quaerit sidera opacae Asilas was third, that interpreter of gods and men, noctis iter iam quae passus terraque marique. to whom the entrails of beasts were an open book, the stars in the sky, the tongues of birds, the prophetic bolts of lightning. Pandite nunc Helicona deae cantusque movete He hurried his thousand men to war, dense ranks bristling with spears. quae manus interea Tuscis comitetur ab oris Pisa ordered them to obey, city of Alphean foundation, Aenean armetque rates pelagoque vehatur. set on Etruscan soil. Then the most handsome Astur followed, Astur relying on horse and iridescent armour. Massicus aerata princeps secat aequora tigri: Three hundred more (minded to follow as one) were added sub quo mille manus iuvenum qui moenia Clusi by those with their home in Caere, the fields quique urbem liquere Cosas quis tela sagittae by the Minio, ancient Pyrgi, unhealthy Graviscae. gorytique leves umeris et letifer arcus. I would not forget you, Cunerus, in war the bravest Una torvus Abas: huic totum insignibus armis Ligurian leader, or you with your small company, Cupavo, agmen et aurato fulgebat Apolline puppis. on whose crest the swan plumes rose, a sign of your fatherÌs Sescentos illi dederat Populonia mater transformation (Cupid, your and your motherÌs crime). expertos belli iuvenes ast Ilva trecentos For they say that Cycnus wept for his beloved Phaethon, insula inexhaustis Chalybum generosa metallis. singing amongst the poplar leaves, those shades of PhaethonÌs Tertius ille hominum divomque interpres Asilas sisters, consoling his sorrowful passion with the Muse, cui pecudum fibrae caeli cui sidera parent and drew white age over himself, in soft plumage, et linguae volucrum et praesagi fulminis ignes relinquishing earth, and seeking the stars with song. mille rapit densos acie atque horrentibus hastis. His son, Cupavo, drove on the mighty Centaur, following Hos parere iubent Alpheae ab origine Pisae the fleet, with troops of his own age: the figurehead towered urbs Etrusca solo. Sequitur pulcherrimus Astur over the water, threatening from above to hurl a huge rock Astur equo fidens et versicoloribus armis. into the waves, the long keel ploughing through the deep ocean. Tercentum adiciunt (mens omnibus una sequendi) Ocnus, also, called up troops from his native shores, qui Caerete domo qui sunt Minionis in arvis he, the son of Manto the prophetess and the Tuscan river, et Pyrgi veteres intempestaeque Graviscae. who gave you your walls, Mantua, and his motherÌs name, Mantua rich in ancestors, but not all of one race: Non ego te Ligurum ductor fortissime bello there were three races there, under each race four tribes, transierim Cinyre et paucis comitate Cupavo herself the head of the tribes, her strength from Tuscan blood. cuius olorinae surgunt de vertice pennae From there too Mezentius drove five hundred to arm against him, crimen Amor vestrum formaeque insigne paternae. lead in pine warships through the sea by a figure, the River Mincius, Namque ferunt luctu Cycnum Phaethontis amati the child of Lake Benacus, crowned with grey-green reeds. populeas inter frondes umbramque sororum Aulestes ploughed on weightily, lashing the waves as he surged dum canit et maestum Musa solatur amorem to the stroke of a hundred oars: the waters foamed as the surface churned. canentem molli pluma duxisse senectam He sailed the huge Triton, whose conch shell alarmed the blue waves, linquentem terras et sidera voce sequentem. itÌs carved prow displayed a manÌs form down to the waist, Filius aequalis comitatus classe catervas as it sailed on, its belly ending in a sea-creatureÌs, while ingentem remis Centaurum promovet: ille under the half-manÌs chest the waves murmured with foam. instat aquae saxumque undis immane minatur Such was the count of princes chosen to sail in the thirty ships arduus et longa sulcat maria alta carina. to the aid of Troy, and plough the salt plains with their bronze rams. Ille etiam patriis agmen ciet Ocnus ab oris fatidicae Mantus et Tusci filius amnis Now daylight had vanished from the sky and kindly Phoebe qui muros matrisque dedit tibi Mantua nomen was treading mid-heaven with her nocturnal team: Mantua dives avis; sed non genus omnibus unum: Aeneas (since care allowed his limbs no rest) sat there gens illi triplex populi sub gente quaterni controlling the helm himself, and tending the sails. ipsa caput populis Tusco de sanguine vires. And see, in mid-course, a troop of his own friends Hinc quoque quingentos in se Mezentius armat appeared: the nymphs, whom gracious Cybele quos patre Benaco velatus harundine glauca had commanded to be goddesses of the sea, Mincius infesta ducebat in aequora pinu. to be nymphs not ships, swam beside him and cut the flood, It gravis Aulestes centenaque arbore fluctum as many as the bronze prows that once lay by the shore. verberat adsurgens spumant vada marmore verso. They knew the king from far off, and circled him dancing: Hunc vehit immanis Triton et caerula concha and Cymodocea, following, most skilful of them in speech, exterrens freta cui laterum tenus hispida nanti caught at the stern with her right hand, lifted her length herself, frons hominem praefert in pristim desinit alvus: and paddled along with her left arm under the silent water. spumea semifero sub pectore murmurat unda. Then she spoke to the bemused man, so: ËAre you awake, Aeneas, child of the gods? Be awake: loose the sheets: make full sail. Tot lecti proceres ter denis navibus ibant We are your fleet, now nymphs of the sea, once pines of Ida, subsidio Troiae et campos salis aera secabant. from her sacred peak. Against our will we broke our bonds when the treacherous Rutulian was pressing us hard, Iamque dies caelo concesserat almaque curru with fire and sword, and we have sought you over the waves. noctivago Phoebe medium pulsabat Olympum: Cybele, the Mother, refashioned us in this form, from pity, Aeneas (neque enim membris dat cura quietem) granting that we became goddesses, spending life under the waves. ipse sedens clavumque regit velisque ministrat. Now, your son Ascanius is penned behind walls and ditches, Atque illi medio in spatio chorus ecce suarum among weapons, and Latins bristling for a fight. occurrit comitum: nymphae quas alma Cybebe The Arcadian Horse, mixed with brave Etruscans already hold numen habere maris nymphasque e navibus esse the positions commanded: while TurnusÌs certain purpose iusserat innabant pariter fluctusque secabant is to send his central squadrons against them, lest they reach the camp. quot prius aeratae steterant ad litora prorae. Up then, in the rising dawn, call your friends with an order Agnoscunt longe regem lustrantque choreis to arm, and take your invincible shield that the lord of fire quarum quae fandi doctissima Cymodocea gave you himself, that he circled with a golden rim. pone sequens dextra puppim tenet ipsaque dorso If you donÌt think my words idle, tomorrowÌs light eminet ac laeva tacitis subremigat undis will gaze on a mighty heap of Rutulian dead.Ì tum sic ignarum adloquitur: 'Vigilasne deum gens She spoke, and, knowing how, with her right hand, Aenea? Vigila et velis immitte rudentis. thrust the high stern on, as she left: it sped through the waves Nos sumus Idaeae sacro de vertice pinus faster than a javelin, or an arrow equalling the wind. nunc pelagi nymphae classis tua Perfidus ut nos Then the others quickened speed. Amazed, the Trojan son praecipitis ferro Rutulus flammaque premebat of Anchises marvelled, yet his spirits lifted at the omen. rupimus invitae tua vincula teque per aequor Then looking up to the arching heavens he briefly prayed: quaerimus. Hanc Genetrix faciem miserata refecit ËKind Cybele, Mother of the gods, to whom Dindymus, et dedit esse deas aevumque agitare sub undis. tower-crowned cities, and harnessed lions are dear, At puer Ascanius muro fossisque tenetur be my leader now in battle, duly further this omen, tela inter media atque horrentis Marte Latinos. and be with your Trojans, goddess, with your favouring step.Ì Iam loca iussa tenent forti permixtus Etrusco He prayed like this, and meanwhile the wheeling day Arcas eques: medias illis opponere turmas rushed in with a flood of light, chasing away the night: ne castris iungant certast sententia Turno. first he ordered his comrades to obey his signals, Surge age et Aurora socios veniente vocari prepare their spirits for fighting, and ready themselves for battle. primus in arma iube et clipeum cape quem dedit ipse invictum Ignipotens atque oras ambiit auro. Crastina lux mea si non inrita dicta putaris Now, he stood on the high stern, with the Trojans and his fort ingentis Rutulae spectabit caedis acervos.' in view, and at once lifted high the blazing shield, in his left hand. Dixerat et dextra discedens impulit altam The Trojans on the walls raised a shout to the sky, new hope haud ignara modi puppim: fugit illa per undas freshened their fury, they hurled their spears, just as Strymonian ocior et iaculo et ventos aequante sagitta. cranes under dark clouds, flying through the air, give noisy Inde aliae celerant cursus. Stupet inscius ipse cries, and fleeing the south wind, trail their clamour. Tros Anchisiades; animos tamen omine tollit. This seemed strange to the Rutulian king and the Italian Tum breviter super adspectans convexa precatur: leaders, until looking behind them they saw the fleet 'Alma parens Idaea deum cui Dindyma cordi turned towards shore, and the whole sea alive with ships. turrigeraeque urbis biiugique ad frena leones AeneasÌs crest blazed, and a dark flame streamed from the top, tu mihi nunc pugnae princeps tu rite propinques and the shieldÌs gold boss spouted floods of fire: augurium Phrygibusque adsis pede diva secundo.' just as when comets glow, blood-red and ominous in the clear night, Tantum effatus. Et interea revoluta rubebat or when fiery Sirius, bringer of drought and plague matura iam luce dies noctemque fugarat: to frail mortals, rises and saddens the sky with sinister light. principio sociis edicit signa sequantur Still, brave Turnus did not lose hope of seizing the shore first, atque animos aptent armis pugnaeque parent se. and driving the approaching enemy away from land. Iamque in conspectu Teucros habet et sua castra And he raised his menÌs spirits as well, and chided them: stans celsa in puppi; clipeum cum deinde sinistra ËWhat you asked for in prayer is here, to break through extulit ardentem. Clamorem ad sidera tollunt with the sword. Mars himself empowers your hands, men! Dardanidae e muris spes addita suscitat iras Now let each remember his wife and home, now recall tela manu iaciunt: quales sub nubibus atris the great actions, the glories of our fathers. And letÌs Strymoniae dant signa grues atque aethera tranant meet them in the waves, while theyÌre unsure and cum sonitu fugiuntque notos clamore secundo. their first steps falter as they land. Fortune favours the brave.Ì At Rutulo regi ducibusque ea mira videri So he spoke, and asked himself whom to lead in attack Ausoniis donec versas ad litora puppes and whom he could trust the siege of the walls. respiciunt totumque adlabi classibus aequor. Meanwhile Aeneas landed his allies from the tall ships Ardet apex capiti cristisque a vertice flamma using gangways. Many waited for the spent wave to ebb funditur et vastos umbo vomit aureus ignes: and trusted themselves to the shallow water: others rowed. non secus ac liquida siquando nocte cometae Tarchon, noting a strand where no waves heaved sanguinei lugubre rubent aut Sirius ardor and no breaking waters roared, but the sea swept in ille sitim morbosque ferens mortalibus aegris smoothly with the rising tide, suddenly turned nascitur et laevo contristat lumine caelum. his prow towards it, exhorting his men: ËNow, O chosen band, bend to your sturdy oars: Haud tamen audaci Turno fiducia cessit lift, drive your boats, split this enemy shore litora praecipere et venientis pellere terra. with your beaks, let the keel itself plough a furrow. [ultro animos tollit dictis atque increpat ultro] I donÌt shrink from wrecking the ship in such a harbour 'Quod votis optastis adest perfringere dextra; once IÌve seized the land.Ì When Tarchon had finished in manibus Mars ipse viris. Nunc coniugis esto speaking so, his comrades rose to the oars and drove quisque suae tectique memor nunc magna referto their foam-wet ships onto the Latin fields, facta patrum laudes. Ultro occurramus ad undam till the rams gained dry ground and all the hulls dum trepidi egressisque labant vestigia prima. came to rest unharmed. But not yours, Tarchon, Audentis Fortuna iuvat ' since, striking the shallows, she hung on an uneven ridge haec ait et secum versat quos ducere contra poised for a while, unbalanced, and, tiring the waves, vel quibus obsessos possit concredere muros. broke and pitched her crew into the water, broken oars and floating benches obstructed them Interea Aeneas socios de puppibus altis and at the same time the ebbing waves sucked at their feet. pontibus exponit. Multi servare recursus languentis pelagi et brevibus se credere saltu per remos alii. Speculatus litora Tarchon But the long delay didnÌt keep Turnus back: swiftly he moved qua vada non sperat nec fracta remurmurat unda his whole front against the Trojans, and stood against them on the shore. sed mare inoffensum crescenti adlabitur aestu The trumpets sounded. Aeneas, first, attacked the ranks advertit subito proram sociosque precatur: of farmers, as a sign of battle, and toppled the Latins, 'Nunc o lecta manus validis incumbite remis; killing Theron, noblest of men, who unprompted tollite ferte rates; inimicam findite rostris sought out Aeneas. The sword drank from his side, pierced hanc terram sulcumque sibi premat ipsa carina. through the bronze joints, and the tunic scaled with gold. Frangere nec tali puppim statione recuso Then he struck Lichas, who had been cut from the womb arrepta tellure semel.' Quae talia postquam of his dead mother and consecrated to you, Phoebus: why effatus Tarchon socii consurgere tonsis was he allowed to evade the blade at birth? Soon after, spumantisque rates arvis inferre Latinis he toppled in death tough Cisseus, and huge Gyas, as they donec rostra tenent siccum et sedere carinae laid men low with their clubs: HerculesÌs weapons omnes innocuae sed non puppis tua Tarchon. were no help, nor their stout hands nor Melampus their father, Namque inflicta vadis dorso dum pendet iniquo HerculesÌs friend, while earth granted him heavy labours. anceps sustentata diu fluctusque fatigat See, Aeneas hurled his javelin as Pharus uttered solvitur atque viros mediis exponit in undis words in vain, and planted it in his noisy gullet. fragmina remorum quos et fluitantia transtra You too, unhappy Cydon, as you followed Clytius, your new impediunt retrahitque pedem simul unda relabens. delight, his cheeks golden with youthful down, you too Nec Turnum segnis retinet mora sed rapit acer would have fallen beneath the Trojan hand, and lain there, totam aciem in Teucros et contra in litore sistit. wretched, free of that love of youth that was ever yours, Signa canunt. Primus turmas invasit agrestis had the massed ranks of your brothers, not opposed him, Aeneas omen pugnae stravitque Latinos the children of Phorcus, seven in number, seven the spears occiso Therone virum qui maximus ultro they threw: some glanced idly from helmet and shield, Aenean petit: huic gladio perque aerea suta some gentle Venus deflected, so they only grazed per tunicam squalentem auro latus haurit apertum. his body. Aeneas spoke to faithful Achates: Inde Lichan ferit exsectum iam matre perempta ËSupply me with spears, those that lodged in the bodies et tibi Phoebe sacrum: casus evadere ferri of Greeks on IliumÌs plain: my right hand wonÌt hurl quo licuit parvo? Nec longe Cissea durum any at these Rutulians in vain.Ì Then he grasped a great javelin immanemque Gyan sternentis agmina clava and threw it: flying on, it crashed through the bronze deiecit Leto: nihil illos Herculis arma of MaeonÌs shield, smashing breastplate and breast in one go. nec validae iuvere manus genitorque Melampus His brother Alcanor was there, supporting his brother Alcidae comes usque gravis dum terra labores with his right arm as he fell: piercing the arm, the spear praebuit. Ecce Pharo voces dum iactat inertis flew straight on, keeping its blood-wet course, intorquens iaculum clamanti sistit in ore. and the lifeless arm hung by the shoulder tendons. Tu quoque flaventem prima lanugine malas Then Numitor, ripping the javelin from his brotherÌs body, dum sequeris Clytium infelix nova gaudia Cydon aimed at Aeneas: but he could not strike at him Dardania stratus dextra securus amorum in return, and grazed great AchatesÌs thigh. qui iuvenum tibi semper erant miserande iaceres Now Clausus of Cures approached, relying on his youthful ni fratrum stipata cohors foret obvia Phorci strength, and hit Dryopes under the chin from a distance away, progenies septem numero septenaque tela with his rigid spear, driven with force, and, piercing his throat coniciunt; partim galea clipeoque resultant as he spoke, took his voice and life together: he hit the ground inrita deflexit partim stringentia corpus with his forehead, and spewed thick blood from his mouth. alma Venus. Fidum Aeneas adfatur Achaten: Clausus toppled, in various ways, three Thracians too, 'Suggere tela mihi: non ullum dextera frustra of BoreasÌs exalted race, and three whom Idas their father torserit in Rutulos steterunt quae in corpore Graium and their native Ismarus sent out. Halaesus ran to join him, Iliacis campis.' Tum magnam corripit hastam and the Auruncan Band, and Messapus, NeptuneÌs scion, et iacit: illa volans clipei transverberat aera with his glorious horses. Now one side, now the other strained Maeonis et thoraca simul cum pectore rumpit. to push back the enemy: the struggle was at the very Huic frater subit Alcanor fratremque ruentem threshold of Italy. As warring winds, equal in force sustentat dextra: traiecto missa lacerto and purpose, rise to do battle in the vast heavens protinus hasta fugit servatque cruenta tenorem and between them neither yield either clouds or sea: dexteraque ex umero nervis moribunda pependit. the battle is long in doubt, all things stand locked in conflict: Tum Numitor iaculo fratris de corpore rapto so the ranks of Troy clashed with the Latin ranks, Aenean petiit; sed non et figere contra foot against foot, man pressed hard against man. est licitum magnique femur perstrinxit Achatae. But in another place, where a torrent had rolled and scattered Hic Curibus fidens primaevo corpore Clausus boulders, with bushes torn from the banks, far and wide, advenit et rigida Dryopem ferit eminus hasta Pallas, seeing his Arcadians unused to charging in ranks sub mentum graviter pressa pariterque loquentis on foot turning to run from the pursuing Latins, because vocem animamque rapit traiecto gutture; at ille the nature of the ground, churned by water, had persuaded them to leave fronte ferit terram et crassum vomit ore cruorem. their horses for once, now with prayers, and now with bitter words, Tres quoque Threicios Boreae de gente suprema the sole recourse in time of need, fired their courage: et tris quos Idas pater et patria Ismara mittit ËFriends, where are you running to? DonÌt trust to flight, per varios sternit casus. Accurrit Halaesus by your brave deeds, by King EvanderÌs name, Auruncaeque manus subit et Neptunia proles and the wars youÌve won, and my hopes, now seeking insignis Messapus equis. Expellere tendunt to emulate my fatherÌs glory. We must hack a way through nunc hi nunc illi; certatur limine in ipso the enemy with our swords. Your noble country calls you Ausoniae. Magno discordes aethere venti and your leader Pallas, to where the ranks of men are densest. proelia ceu tollunt animis et viribus aequis; No gods attack us. We are mortals driven before a mortal foe: non ipsi inter se non nubila non mare cedit; we have as many lives, as many hands as they do. anceps pugna diu stant obnixa omnia contra: Look, the ocean closes us in with a vast barrier of water, haud aliter Troianae acies aciesque Latinae thereÌs no land left to flee to: shall we seek the seas or Troy?Ì concurrunt; haeret pede pes densusque viro vir. He spoke, and rushed into the midst of the close-packed enemy. Lagus met him first, drawn there by a hostile fate. At parte ex alia qua saxa rotantia late As he tore at a huge weight of stone, Pallas pierced him impulerat torrens arbustaque diruta ripis where the spine parts the ribs in two, with the spear he hurled, Arcadas insuetos acies inferre pedestris and plucked out the spear again as it lodged in the bone. ut vidit Pallas Latio dare terga sequaci Nor did Hisbo surprise him from above, hopeful though he was, (aspera quis natura loci dimittere quando since, as he rushed in, raging recklessly at his friendÌs cruel death, suasit equos) unum quod rebus restat egenis Pallas intercepted him first, and buried his sword in his swollen chest. nunc prece nunc dictis virtutem accendit amaris: Next Pallas attacked Sthenius, and Anchemolus, of RhoetusÌs 'Quo fugitis socii? Per vos et fortia facta ancient line, who had dared to violate his step-motherÌs bed. per ducis Evandri nomen devictaque bella You, twin brothers, also fell in the Rutulian fields, Laridus Opemque meam patriae quae nunc subit aemula laudi and Thymber, the sons of Daucus, so alike you were fidite ne pedibus. Ferro rumpenda per hostis indistinguishable to kin, and a dear confusion to your parents: est via. Qua globus ille virum densissimus urget but now Pallas has given you a cruel separateness. hac vos et Pallanta ducem patria alta reposcit. For EvanderÌs sword swept off your head, Thymber: Numina nulla premunt mortali urgemur ab hoste while your right hand, Laridus, sought its owner, mortales totidem nobis animaeque manusque. and the dying fingers twitched and clutched again at the sword. Ecce maris magna claudit nos obice pontus Fired by his rebuke and seeing his glorious deeds, a mixture deest iam terra fugae: pelagus Troiamne petemus?' of remorse and pain roused the Arcadians against their enemy. Haec ait et medius densos prorumpit in hostis. Then Pallas pierced Rhoetus as he shot past in his chariot. Obvius huic primum fatis adductus iniquis Ilus gained that much time and that much respite, fit Lagus. Hunc magno vellit dum pondere saxum since he had launched his solid spear at Ilus from far off, intorto figit telo discrimina costis which Rhoetus received, as he fled from you, noble Teuthras per medium qua spina dabat hastamque receptat and your brother Tyres, and rolling from the chariot ossibus haerentem. Quem non super occupat Hisbo he struck the Rutulian fields with his heels as he died. ille quidem hoc sperans: nam Pallas ante ruentem As in summer, when a hoped-for wind has risen, dum furit incautum crudeli morte sodalis the shepherd sets scattered fires in the woods, excipit atque ensem tumido in pulmone recondit. the spaces between catch light, and VulcanÌs bristling Hinc Sthenium petit et Rhoeti de gente vetusta ranks extend over the broad fields, while the shepherd sits Anchemolum thalamos ausum incestare novercae. and gazes down in triumph over the joyful flames: Vos etiam gemini Rutulis cecidistis in agris so all your comradesÌ courage united as one Daucia Laride Thymberque simillima proles to aid you Pallas. But Halaesus, fierce in war, indiscreta suis gratusque parentibus error; advanced against them and gathered himself behind his shield. at nunc dura dedit vobis discrimina Pallas: He killed Ladon, Pheres and Demodocus, struck off nam tibi Thymbre caput Evandrius abstulit ensis; StrymoniusÌs right hand, raised towards his throat, te decisa suum Laride dextera quaerit with his shining sword, and smashed Thoas in the face semianimesque micant digiti ferrumque retractant. with a stone, scattering bone mixed with blood and brain. Arcadas accensos monitu et praeclara tuentis HalaesusÌs father, prescient of fate, had hidden him in the woods: facta viri mixtus dolor et pudor armat in hostis. but when, in white-haired old age, the father closed his eyes in death, Tum Pallas biiugis fugientem Rhoetea praeter the Fates laid their hands on Halaesus and doomed him traicit. Hoc spatium tantumque morae fuit Ilo; to EvanderÌs spear. Pallas attacked him first praying: Ilo namque procul validam direxerat hastam ËGrant luck to the spear I aim to throw, father Tiber, quam medius Rhoeteus intercipit optime Teuthra and a path through sturdy HalaesusÌs chest. Your oak te fugiens fratremque Tyren curruque volutus shall have the these weapons and the soldierÌs spoils.Ì caedit semianimis Rutulorum calcibus arva. The god heard his prayer: while Halaesus covered Imaon Ac velut optato ventis aestate coortis he sadly exposed his unshielded chest to the Arcadian spear. dispersa immittit silvis incendia pastor correptis subito mediis extenditur una horrida per latos acies Volcania campos; But Lausus, a powerful force in the war, would not allow ille sedens victor flammas despectat ovantis: his troops to be dismayed by the heroÌs great slaughter: non aliter socium virtus coit omnis in unum first he killed Abas opposite, a knotty obstacle in the battle. teque iuvat Palla. Sed bellis acer Halaesus The youth of Arcadia fell, the Etruscans fell, and you, tendit in adversos seque in sua conligit arma. O Trojans, men not even destroyed by the Greeks. Hic mactat Ladona Pheretaque Demodocumque The armies met, equal in leadership and strength: Strymonio dextram fulgenti deripit ense the rear and front closed ranks, and the crush prevented elatam in iugulum saxo ferit ora Thoantis weapons or hands from moving. Here, Pallas pressed and urged, ossaque dispersit cerebro permixta cruento. there Lausus opposed him, not many years between them, Fata canens silvis genitor celarat Halaesum: both of outstanding presence, but Fortune had denied them ut senior leto canentia lumina solvit a return to their country. Yet the king of great Olympos iniecere manum Parcae telisque sacrarunt did not allow them to meet face to face: their fate Evandri. Quem sic Pallas petit ante precatus: was waiting for them soon, at the hand of a greater opponent. 'Da nunc Thybri pater ferro Meanwhile TurnusÌs gentle sister Juturna adjured him to help fortunam atque viam duri per pectus Halaesi. Lausus, and he parted the ranks between in his swift chariot. Haec arma exuviasque viri tua quercus habebit.' When he saw his comrades he cried: ËItÌs time to hold back Audiit illa deus: dum texit Imaona Halaesus from the fight: itÌs for me alone to attack Pallas, Pallas Arcadio infelix telo dat pectus inermum. is mine alone: I wish his father were here to see it.Ì At non caede viri tanta perterrita Lausus And his comrades drew back from the field as ordered. pars ingens belli sinit agmina: primus Abantem When the Rutulians retired, then the youth, amazed at that proud oppositum interimit pugnae nodumque moramque. command, marvelled at Turnus, casting his eyes over Sternitur Arcadiae proles sternuntur Etrusci the mighty body, surveying all of him from the distance et vos O Grais imperdita corpora Teucri. with a fierce look, and answered the rulerÌs words with these: Agmina concurrunt ducibusque et viribus aequis. ËIÌll soon be praised for taking rich spoils, or for a glorious death: Extremi addensent acies nec turba moveri my father is equal to either fate for me: away with your threats.Ì tela manusque sinit. Hinc Pallas instat et urget So saying he marched down the centre of the field: hinc contra Lausus nec multum discrepat aetas: the blood gathered, chill, in Arcadian hearts. egregii forma sed quis Fortuna negarat Turnus leapt from his chariot, preparing to close on foot, in patriam reditus. Ipsos concurrere passus and the sight of the advancing Turnus, was no different haud tamen inter se magni regnator Olympi: than that of a lion, seeing from a high point a bull far off mox illos sua fata manent maiore sub hoste. on the plain contemplating battle, and rushing down. But Pallas came forward first, when he thought Turnus might Interea soror alma monet succedere Lauso be within spear-throw, so that chance might help him, in venturing Turnum qui volucri curru medium secat agmen. his unequal strength, and so he spoke to the mighty heavens: Ut vidit socios: 'Tempus desistere pugnae; ËI pray you, Hercules, by my fatherÌs hospitality and the feast solus ego in Pallanta feror soli mihi Pallas to which you came as a stranger, assist my great enterprise. debetur; cuperem ipse parens spectator adesset.' Let me strip the blood-drenched armour from his dying limbs, Haec ait et socii cesserunt aequore iusso. and let TurnusÌs failing sight meet its conqueror.Ì At Rutulum abscessu iuvenis tum iussa superba Hercules heard the youth, and stifled a heavy sigh miratus stupet in Turno corpusque per ingens deep in his heart, and wept tears in vain. lumina volvit obitque truci procul omnia visus Then Jupiter the father spoke to Hercules, his son, talibus et dictis it contra dicta tyranni: with kindly words: ËEvery man has his day, the course 'Aut spoliis ego iam raptis laudabor opimis of life is brief and cannot be recalled: but virtueÌs task aut leto insigni: sorti pater aequus utrique est. is this, to increase fame by deeds. So many sons of gods Tolle minas.' Fatus medium procedit in aequor. fell beneath the high walls of Troy, yes, and my own son Frigidus Arcadibus coit in praecordia sanguis. Sarpedon among them: fate calls even for Turnus, Desiluit Turnus biiugis pedes apparat ire and he too has reached the end of the years granted to him.Ì comminus; utque leo specula cum vidit ab alta So he spoke, and turned his eyes from the Rutulian fields. stare procul campis meditantem in proelia taurum Then Pallas threw his spear with all his might, advolat: haud alia est Turni venientis imago. and snatched his gleaming sword from its hollow sheath. Hunc ubi contiguum missae fore credidit hastae The shaft flew and struck Turnus, where the top of the armour ire prior Pallas siqua fors adiuvet ausum laps the shoulder, and forcing a way through the rim viribus imparibus magnumque ita ad aethera fatur: of his shield at last, even grazed his mighty frame. 'Per patris hospitium et mensas quas advena adisti At this, Turnus hurled his oak spear tipped te precor Alcide coeptis ingentibus adsis. with sharp steel, long levelled at Pallas, saying: Cernat semineci sibi me rapere arma cruenta ËSee if this weapon of mine isnÌt of greater sharpness.Ì victoremque ferant morientia lumina Turni.' The spear-head, with a quivering blow, tore through Audiit Alcides iuvenem magnumque sub imo the centre of his shield, passed through all the layers corde premit gemitum lacrimasque effundit inanis. of iron, of bronze, all the overlapping bullÌs-hide, Tum Genitor natum dictis adfatur amicis: piercing the breastplate, and the mighty chest. 'Stat sua cuique dies breve et inreparabile tempus Vainly he pulled the hot spear from the wound: omnibus est vitae: sed famam extendere factis blood and life followed, by one and the same path. hoc virtutis opus. Troiae sub moenibus altis He fell in his own blood (his weapons clanged over him) tot nati cecidere deum; quin occidit una and he struck the hostile earth in death with gory lips. Sarpedon mea progenies. Etiam sua Turnum Then Turnus, standing over him, cried out: fata vocant metasque dati pervenit ad aevi.' ËArcadians, take note, and carry these words of mine Sic ait atque oculos Rutulorum reicit arvis. to Evander: I return Pallas to him as he deserves. At Pallas magnis emittit viribus hastam I freely give whatever honours lie in a tomb, whatever vaginaque cava fulgentem deripit ensem. solace there is in burial. His hospitality to Aeneas Illa volans umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa will cost him greatly.Ì So saying he planted his left foot on the corpse, incidit atque viam clipei molita per oras and tore away the huge weight of PallasÌs belt, engraved tandem etiam magno strinxit de corpore Turni. with the DanaidsÌ crime: that band of young men foully murdered Hic Turnus ferro praefixum robur acuto on the same wedding night: the blood-drenched marriage chambers: in Pallanta diu librans iacit atque ita fatur: that Clonus, son of Eurytus had richly chased in gold. 'Adspice num mage sit nostrum penetrabile telum.' Now Turnus exulted at the spoil, and gloried in winning. Dixerat; at clipeum tot ferri terga tot aeris Oh, human mind, ignorant of fate or fortune to come, quem pellis totiens obeat circumdata tauri or of how to keep to the limits, exalted by favourable events! vibranti cuspis medium transverberat ictu The time will come for Turnus when heÌd prefer to have bought loricaeque moras et pectus perforat ingens. an untouched Pallas at great price, and will hate those spoils Ille rapit calidum frustra de volnere telum: and the day. So his friends crowded round Pallas with many una eademque via sanguis animusque sequuntur. groans and tears, and carried him back, lying on his shield. Corruit in volnus sonitum super arma dedere O the great grief and glory in returning to your father: et terram hostilem moriens petit ore cruento. that day first gave you to warfare, the same day took you from it, Quem Turnus super adsistens while nevertheless you left behind vast heaps of Rutulian dead! 'Arcades haec ' inquit Euandro; qualem meruit Pallanta remitto. Quisquis honos tumuli quidquid solamen humandi est Now not merely a rumour of this great evil, but a more trustworthy largior. Haud illi stabunt Aeneia parvo messenger flew to Aeneas, saying that his men were a hairÌs breadth hospitia.' Et laevo pressit pede talia fatus from death, that it was time to help the routed Trojans. Seeking you, exanimem rapiens immania pondera baltei Turnus, you, proud of your fresh slaughter, he mowed down impressumque nefas una sub nocte iugali his nearest enemies, with the sword, and fiercely drove a wide path caesa manus iuvenum foede thalamique cruenti through the ranks with its blade. Pallas, Evander, all was before quae Clonus Eurytides multo caelaverat auro; his eyes, the feast to which he had first come as a stranger, quo nunc Turnus ovat spolio gaudetque potitus. the right hands pledged in friendship. Then he captured Nescia mens hominum fati sortisque futurae four youths alive, sons of Sulmo, and as many reared et servare modum rebus sublata secundis! by Ufens, to sacrifice to the shades of the dead, and sprinkle Turno tempus erit magno cum optaverit emptum the flames of the pyre with the prisonersÌ blood. intactum Pallanta et cum spolia ista diemque Next he aimed a hostile spear at Magus from a distance: oderit. At socii multo gemitu lacrimisque Magus moved in cleverly, and the spear flew over him, quivering, impositum scuto referunt Pallanta frequentes. and he clasped the heroÌs knees as a suppliant, and spoke as follows: O dolor atque decus magnum rediture parenti ËI beg you, by your fatherÌs shade, by your hope in your boy haec te prima dies bello dedit haec eadem aufert Iulus, preserve my life, for my son and my father. cum tamen ingentis Rutulorum linquis acervos. I have a noble house: talents of chased silver lie buried there: I have masses of wrought and unwrought gold. TroyÌs victory Nec iam fama mali tanti sed certior auctor does not rest with me: one life will not make that much difference.Ì advolat Aeneae tenui discrimine leti Aeneas replied to him in this way: ËKeep those many talents esse suos versis tempus succurrere Teucris. of silver and gold you mention for your sons. Turnus, before we spoke, Proxima quaeque metit gladio latumque per agmen did away with the courtesies of war, the moment he killed Pallas. ardens limitem agit ferro te Turne So my father AnchisesÌs spirit thinks, so does Iulus.Ì caede nova quaerens. Pallas Euander in ipsis Saying this he held the helmet with his left hand and, bending omnia sunt oculis mensae quas advena primas the suppliantÌs neck backwards, drove in his sword to the hilt. tunc adiit dextraeque datae. Sulmone creatos HaemonÌs son, a priest of Apollo and Diana, was not far away, quattuor hic iuvenes totidem quos educat Ufens the band with its sacred ribbons circling his temples, and all viventis rapit inferias quos immolet umbris his robes and emblems shining white. Aeneas met him and drove him captivoque rogi perfundat sanguine flammas. over the plain, then, standing over the fallen man, killed him and cloaked Inde Mago procul infensam contenderat hastam. him in mighty darkness: Serestus collected and carried off Ille astu subit ac tremibunda supervolat hasta his weapons on his shoulders, a trophy for you, King Gradivus. et genua amplectens effatur talia supplex: Caeculus, born of the race of Vulcan, and Umbro 'Per patrios manis et spes surgentis Iuli who came from the Marsian hills restored order, te precor hanc animam serves natoque patrique. the Trojan raged against them: his sword sliced off AnxurÌs Est domus alta iacent penitus defossa talenta left arm, it fell to the ground with the whole disc of his shield caelati argenti sunt auri pondera facti (Anxur had shouted some boast, trusting the power infectique mihi. Non hic victoria Teucrum of words, lifting his spirit high perhaps, promising vertitur aut anima una dabit discrimina tanta.' himself white-haired old age and long years): Dixerat. Aeneas contra cui talia reddit: then Tarquitus nearby, proud in his gleaming armour, 'Argenti atque auri memoras quae multa talenta whom the nymph Dryope had born to Faunus of the woods, natis parce tuis. Belli commercia Turnus exposed himself to fiery Aeneas. He, drawing back his spear, sustulit ista prior iam tum Pallante perempto. pinned the breastplate and the huge weight of shield together: Hoc patris Anchisae manes hoc sentit Iulus.' then as the youth begged in vain, and tried to utter a flow of words, Sic fatus galeam laeva tenet atque reflexa he struck his head to the ground and, rolling the warm trunk over, cervice orantis capulo tenus applicat ensem. spoke these words above him, from a hostile heart: Nec procul Haemonides Phoebi Triviaeque sacerdos ËLie there now, one to be feared. No noble mother will bury you infula cui sacra redimibat tempora vitta in the earth, nor weight your limbs with an ancestral tomb: totus conlucens veste atque insignibus armis. youÌll be left for the carrion birds, or, sunk in the abyss, Quem congressus agit campo lapsumque superstans the flood will bear you, and hungry fish suck your wounds.Ì immolat ingentique umbra tegit; arma Serestus Then he caught up with Antaeus, and Lucas, in TurnusÌs lecta refert umeris tibi rex Gradive front line, brave Numa and auburn Camers, son of noble Volcens, Instaurant acies Volcani stirpe creatus the wealthiest in Ausonian land, who ruled silent Amyclae. Caeculus et veniens Marsorum montibus Umbro: Once his sword was hot, victorious Aeneas raged Dardanides contra furit. Anxuris ense sinistram over the whole plain, like Aegeaon, who had a hundred et totum clipei ferro deiecerat orbem; arms and a hundred hands they say, and breathed fire dixerat ille aliquid magnum vimque adfore verbo from fifty chests and mouths, when he clashed crediderat caeloque animum fortasse ferebat with as many like shields of his and drew as many swords canitiemque sibi et longos promiserat annos: against JoveÌs lightning-bolts. See now he was headed Tarquitus exultans contra fulgentibus armis towards the four horse team of NiphaeusÌs chariot silvicolae Fauno Dryope quem nympha crearat and the opposing front. And when the horses saw him taking obvius ardenti sese obtulit. Ille reducta great strides in his deadly rage, they shied and galloped in fear, loricam clipeique ingens onus impedit hasta; throwing their master, and dragging the chariot to the shore. tum caput orantis nequiquam et multa parantis Meanwhile Lucagus and his brother Liger entered the fray dicere deturbat terrae truncumque tepentem in their chariot with two white horses: Liger handling provolvens super haec inimico pectore fatur: the horsesÌ reins, fierce Lucagus waving his naked sword. 'Istic nunc metuende iace. Non te optima mater Aeneas could not tolerate such furious hot-headedness: condet humi patrioque onerabit membra sepulchro: he rushed at them, and loomed up gigantic with levelled spear. alitibus linquere feris aut gurgite mersum Liger said to him: ËThese are not DiomedesÌs horses unda feret piscesque impasti volnera lambent.' that you see, nor AchilleÌs chariot, nor PhrygiaÌs plain: Protinus Antaeum et Lucam prima agmina Turni now youÌll be dealt an end to your war and life.Ì persequitur fortemque Numam fulvumque Camertem Such were the words that flew far, from foolish magnanimo Volcente satum ditissimus agri LigerÌs lips. But the Trojan hero did not ready qui fuit Ausonidum et tacitis regnavit Amyclis. words in reply, he hurled his spear then against his enemies. Aegaeon qualis centum cui bracchia dicunt While Lucagus urged on his horses, leaning forward centenasque manus quinquaginta oribus ignem towards the spearÌs blow, as, with left foot advanced, pectoribusque arsisse Iovis cum fulmina contra he prepared himself for battle, the spear entered the lower tot paribus streperet clipeis tot stringeret enses: rim of his bright shield, then pierced the left thigh: sic toto Aeneas desaevit in aequore victor thrown from the chariot he rolled on the ground in death: ut semel intepuit mucro. Quin ecce Niphaei while noble Aeneas spoke bitter words to him: quadriiugis in equos adversaque pectora tendit. ËLucagus, it was not the flight of your horses in fear that betrayed Atque illi longe gradientem et dira frementem your chariot, or the enemyÌs idle shadow that turned them: ut videre metu versi retroque ruentes it was you, leaping from the wheels, who relinquished the reins.Ì effunduntque ducem rapiuntque ad litora currus. So saying he grasped at the chariot: the wretched brother, Interea biiugis infert se Lucagus albis Liger, who had fallen as well, held, out his helpless hands: in medios fraterque Liger; sed frater habenis ËTrojan hero, by your own life, by your parents who bore flectit equos strictum rotat acer Lucagus ensem. such a son, take pity I beg you, without taking this life away.Ì Haud tulit Aeneas tanto fervore furentis: As he begged more urgently, Aeaneas said: ËThose were not inruit adversaque ingens apparuit hasta. the words you spoke before. Die and donÌt let brother desert brother.Ì Cui Liger: Then he sliced open his chest where the life is hidden. 'Non Diomedis equos nec currum cernis Achillis Such were the deaths the Trojan leader caused across aut Phrygiae campos: nunc belli finis et aevi that plain, raging like a torrent of water or a dark his dabitur terris.' Vesano talia late tempest. At last his child, Ascanius, and the men dicta volant Ligeri. Sed non et Troius heros who were besieged in vain, breaking free, left the camp. dicta parat contra: iaculum nam torquet in hostem. Lucagus ut pronus pendens in verbera telo admonuit biiugos proiecto dum pede laevo Meanwhile Jupiter, unasked, spoke to Juno: aptet se pugnae subit oras hasta per imas ËO my sister, and at the same time my dearest wife, fulgentis clipei tum laevum perforat inguen: as you thought (your judgement is not wrong) excussus curru moribundus volvitur arvis. it is Venus who sustains the TrojansÌ power, Quem pius Aeneas dictis adfatur amaris: not their own right hands, so ready for war, 'Lucage nulla tuos currus fuga segnis equorum nor their fierce spirits, tolerant of danger.Ì prodidit aut vanae vertere ex hostibus umbrae: Juno spoke submissively to him: ËO loveliest of husbands ipse rotis saliens iuga deseris.' Haec ita fatus why do you trouble me, who am ill, and fearful of your arripuit biiugos; frater tendebat inertis harsh commands? If my love had the power it once had, infelix palmas curru delapsus eodem: that is my right, you, all-powerful, would surely not 'Per te per qui te talem genuere parentes deny me this, to withdraw Turnus from the conflict vir Troiane sine hanc animam et miserere precantis.' and save him, unharmed, for his father, Daunus. Pluribus oranti Aeneas: 'Haud talia dudum Let him die then, let him pay the Trojans in innocent blood. dicta dabas. Morere et fratrem ne desere frater.' Yet he derives his name from our line: Pilumnus Tum latebras animae pectus mucrone recludit. was his ancestor four generations back, and often weighted Talia per campos edebat funera ductor your threshold with copious gifts from a lavish hand.Ì Dardanius torrentis aquae vel turbinis atri The king of heavenly Olympus briefly replied to her like this: more furens. Tandem erumpunt et castra relinquunt ËIf your prayer is for reprieve from imminent death Ascanius puer et nequiquam obsessa iuventus. for your doomed prince, and you understand I so ordain it, Iunonem interea compellat Iuppiter ultro: take Turnus away, in flight, snatch him from oncoming fate: 'O germana mihi atque eadem gratissima coniunx thereÌs room for that much indulgence. But if thought ut rebare Venus nec te sententia fallit of any greater favour hides behind your prayers, and you think Troianas sustentat opes non vivida bello this whole war may be deflected or altered, you nurture a vain hope.Ì dextra viris animusque ferox patiensque pericli.' And Juno, replied, weeping: ËWhy should your mind not grant Cui Iuno summissa 'Quid o pulcherrime coniunx what your tongue withholds, and life be left to Turnus? sollicitas aegram et tua tristia dicta timentem? Now, guiltless, a heavy doom awaits him or I stray empty Si mihi quae quondam fuerat quamque esse decebat of truth. Oh, that I might be mocked by false fears, vis in amore foret non hoc mihi namque negares and that you, who are able to, might harbour kinder speech! omnipotens quin et pugnae subducere Turnum When she had spoken these words, she darted down at once et Dauno possem incolumem servare parenti. from high heaven through the air, driving a storm before her, Nunc pereat Teucrisque pio det sanguine poenas. and wreathed in cloud, and sought the ranks of Ilium Ille tamen nostra deducit origine nomen and the Laurentine camp. Then from the cavernous mist Pilumnusque illi quartus pater et tua larga the goddess decked out a weak and tenuous phantom, saepe manu multisque oneravit limina donis.' in the likeness of Aeneas, with Trojan weapons (a strange Cui rex aetherii breviter sic fatur Olympi: marvel to behold), simulated his shield, and the plumes 'Si mora praesentis leti tempusque caduco on his godlike head, gave it insubstantial speech, oratur iuveni meque hoc ita ponere sentis gave it sound without mind, and mimicked the way tolle fuga Turnum atque instantibus eripe fatis he walked: like shapes that flit, they say, after death, hactenus indulsisse vacat. Sin altior istis or dreams that in sleep deceive the senses. sub precibus venia ulla latet totumque moveri And the phantom flaunted itself exultantly mutarive putas bellum spes pascis inanis.' in front of the leading ranks, provoking Turnus Et Iuno adlacrimans: 'Quid si quae voce gravaris with spear casts, and exasperating him with words. mente dares atque haec Turno rata vita maneret? Turnus ran at it, and hurled a hissing spear Nunc manet insontem gravis exitus aut ego veri from the distance: it turned its heels in flight. vana feror. Quod ut O potius formidine falsa Then, as Turnus thought that Aeneas had retreated ludar et in melius tua qui potes orsa reflectas!' and conceded, and in his confusion clung to this idle hope Haec ubi dicta dedit caelo se protinus alto in his mind, he cried: ËWhere are you off to, Aeneas? misit agens hiemem nimbo succincta per auras DonÌt desert your marriage pact: this hand of mine Iliacamque aciem et Laurentia castra petivit. will grant you the earth you looked for over the seas.Ì Tum dea nube cava tenuem sine viribus umbram He pursued him, calling loudly, brandishing his naked sword, in faciem Aeneae visu mirabile monstrum not seeing that the wind was carrying away his glory. Dardaniis ornat telis clipeumque iubasque It chanced that the ship, in which King Osinius sailed divini adsimulat capitis dat inania verba from ClusiumÌs shores, was moored to a high stone pier, dat sine mente sonum gressusque effingit euntis with ladders released and gangway ready. The swift phantom morte obita qualis fama est volitare figuras of fleeing Aeneas sank into it to hide, and Turnus followed aut quae sopitos deludunt somnia sensus. no less swiftly, conquering all obstacles and leapt At primas laeta ante acies exsultat imago up the high gangway. He had barely reached the prow inritatque virum telis et voce lacessit. when SaturnÌs daughter snapped the cable, Instat cui Turnus stridentemque eminus hastam and, snatching the ship, swept it over the waters. conicit: illa dato vertit vestigia tergo. Then the vague phantom no longer tried to hide Tum vero Aenean aversum ut cedere Turnus but, flying into the air, merged with a dark cloud. credidit atque animo spem turbidus hausit inanem Meanwhile Aeneas himself was challenging his missing enemy 'Quo fugis Aenea? Thalamos ne desere pactos; to battle: and sending many opposing warriors to their deaths, hac dabitur dextra tellus quaesita per undas.' while the storm carried Turnus over the wide ocean. Talia vociferans sequitur strictumque coruscat Unaware of the truth, and ungrateful for his rescue, mucronem nec ferre videt sua gaudia ventos. he looked back and raised clasped hands and voice to heaven: Forte ratis celsi coniuncta crepidine saxi ËAll-powerful father, did you think me so worthy of punishment, expositis stabat scalis et ponte parato did you intend me to pay such a price? Where am I being taken? qua rex Clusinis advectus Osinius oris. From whom am I escaping? Why am I fleeing: how will I return? Huc sese trepida Aeneae fugientis imago Will I see the walls and camp of Laurentium again? conicit in latebras; nec Turnus segnior instat What of that company of men that followed me, and my standard? exsuperatque moras et pontis transilit altos. Have I left them all (the shame of it) to a cruel death, Vix proram attigerat: rumpit Saturnia funem seeing them scattered now, hearing the groans as they fall? avolsamque rapit revoluta per aequora navem. What shall I do? Where is the earth that could gape Illum autem Aeneas absentem in praelia poscit; wide enough for me? Rather have pity on me, O winds: obvia multa virum demittit corpora morti: Drive the ship on the rocks, the reefs (I, Turnus, beg you, freely) tum levis haud ultra latebras iam quaerit imago or send it into the vicious quicksands, where no Rutulian, sed sublime volans nubi se immiscuit atrae. nor any knowing rumour of my shame can follow me? Cum Turnum medio interea fert aequore turbo. So saying he debated this way and that in his mind, Respicit ignarus rerum ingratusque salutis whether he should throw himself on his sword, mad et duplicis cum voce manus ad sidera tendit: with such disgrace, and drive the cruel steel through his ribs, 'Omnipotens genitor tanton me crimine dignum or plunge into the waves, and, by swimming, gain duxisti et talis voluisti expendere poenas? the curving bay, and hurl himself again at the Trojan weapons. Quo feror? Unde abii? Quae me fuga quemve reducit? Three times he attempted each: three times great Juno Laurentisne iterum muros aut castra videbo? held him back, preventing him from heartfelt pity. He glided on, Quid manus illa virum qui me meaque arma secuti? with the help of wave and tide, cutting the depths, Quosne (nefas) omnis infanda in morte reliqui and was carried to his father DaunusÌs ancient city. et nunc palantis video gemitumque cadentum accipio! Quid ago? Aut quae iam satis ima dehiscat terra mihi? Vos O potius miserescite venti: But meanwhile fiery Mezentius, warned by Jupiter, in rupes in saxa volens vos Turnus adoro took up the fight, and attacked the jubilant Trojans. ferte ratem saevisque vadis immittite Syrtis The Etruscan ranks closed up, and concentrated quo neque me Rutuli nec conscia fama sequatur.' all their hatred, and showers of missiles, on him alone. Haec memorans animo nunc huc nunc fluctuat illuc He (like a vast cliff that juts out into the vast deep, an sese mucrone ob tantum dedecus amens confronting the raging winds, and exposed to the waves, induat et crudum per costas exigat ensem suffering the force and threat of sky and sea, fluctibus an iaciat mediis et litora nando itself left unshaken) felled Hebrus, son of Dolichaon, curva petat Teucrumque iterum se reddat in arma. to the earth, with him were Latagus and swift Palmus, Ter conatus utramque viam ter maxima Iuno but he anticipated Latagus, with a huge fragment of rock continuit iuvenemque animi miserata repressit. from the hillside in his mouth and face, while he hamstrung Labitur alta secans fluctuque aestuque secundo Palmus and left him writhing helplessly: he gave Lausus the armour et patris antiquam Dauni defertur ad urbem. to protect his shoulders, and the plumes to wear on his crest. He killed Evanthes too, the Phrygian, and Mimas, ParisÌs At Iovis interea monitis Mezentius ardens friend and peer, whom Theano bore to his father Amycus succedit pugnae Teucrosque invadit ovantis. on the same night Hecuba, CisseusÌs royal daughter, pregnant Concurrunt Tyrrhenae acies atque omnibus uni with a firebrand, gave birth to Paris: Paris lies in the city uni odiisque viro telisque frequentibus instant. of his fathers, the Laurentine shore holds the unknown Mimas. Ille velut rupes vastum quae prodit in aequor And as a boar, that piny Vesulus has sheltered obvia ventorum furiis expostaque ponto for many years and Laurentine marshes have nourished vim cunctam atque minas perfert caelique marisque with forests of reeds, is driven from the high hills, ipsa immota manens prolem Dolichaonis Hebrum by snapping hounds, and halts when it reaches the nets, sternit humi cum quo Latagum Palmumque fugacem snorts fiercely, hackles bristling, no one brave enough sed Latagum saxo atque ingenti fragmine montis to rage at it, or approach it, but all attacking it with spears, occupat os faciemque adversam poplite Palmum and shouting from a safe distance: halts, unafraid, succiso volvi segnem sinit armaque Lauso turning in every direction, grinding its jaws, donat habere umeris et vertice figere cristas. and shaking the spears from its hide: so none of those Nec non Euanthen Phrygium Paridisque Mimanta who were rightly angered with Mezentius had the courage aequalem comitemque una quem nocte Theano to meet him with naked sword, but provoked him in lucem genitori Amyco dedit et face praegnans from afar with their missiles, and a mighty clamour. Cisseis regina Parin creat: urbe paterna Acron, a Greek had arrived there from the ancient lands occubat ignarum Laurens habet ora Mimanta. of Corythus, an exile, his marriage ceremony left incomplete. Ac velut ille canum morsu de montibus altis When Mezentius saw him in the distance, embroiled actus aper multos Vesulus quem pinifer annos among the ranks, with crimson plumes, and in purple robes defendit multosve palus Laurentia silva given by his promised bride, he rushed eagerly into the thick pastus harundinea postquam inter retia ventum est of the foe, as a ravenous lion often ranges the high coverts substitit infremuitque ferox et inhorruit armos (since a raging hunger drives it) and exults, with vast gaping jaws, nec cuiquam irasci propiusque accedere virtus if it chances to see a fleeing roe-deer, or a stag with immature horns, sed iaculis tutisque procul clamoribus instant; then clings crouching over the entrails, with bristling mane, haud aliter iustae quibus est Mezentius irae its cruel mouth stained hideously with blood. non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro; Wretched Acron fell, striking the dark earth with his heels missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt: in dying, drenching his shattered weapons with blood. ille autem impavidus partis cunctatur in omnis And he did not even deign to kill Orodes as he fled, dentibus infrendens et tergo decutit hastas. or inflict a hidden wound with a thrust of his spear: Venerat antiquis Corythi de finibus Acron he ran to meet him on the way, and opposed him man to man, Graius homo infectos linquens profugus hymenaeos. getting the better of him by force of arms not stealth. Hunc ubi miscentem longe media agmina vidit Then setting his foot on the fallen man, and straining at his spear, purpureum pennis et pactae coniugis ostro: he called out: ËSoldiers, noble Orodes lies here, he was no small part impastus stabula alta leo ceu saepe peragrans of this battle.Ì His comrades shouted, taking up the joyful cry: suadet enim vesana fames si forte fugacem Yet Orodes, dying, said: ËWhoever you are, winner here, conspexit capream aut surgentem in cornua cervum IÌll not go unavenged, nor will you rejoice for long: gaudet hians immane comasque arrexit et haeret a like fate watches for you: youÌll soon lie in these same fields.Ì visceribus super accumbens lavit inproba taeter Mezentius replied, grinning with rage: ËDie now, ora cruor as for me, the father of gods and king of men will see to that.Ì sic ruit in densos alacer Mezentius hostis. So saying he withdrew his spear from the warriorÌs body. Sternitur infelix Acron et calcibus atram Enduring rest, and iron sleep, pressed on OrodesÌs eyes, tundit humum expirans infractaque tela cruentat. and their light was shrouded in eternal night. Atque idem fugientem haud est dignatus Oroden Caedicus killed Alcathous: Sacrator killed Hydapses: sternere nec iacta caecum dare cuspide volnus: Rapo killed Parthenius, and Orses of outstanding strength. obvius adversoque occurrit seque viro vir Messapus killed Clonius, and Ericetes, son of Lycaon, contulit haud furto melior sed fortibus armis. one lying on the ground fallen from his bridle-less horse, Tum super abiectum posito pede nixus et hasta: the other still on his feet. Lycian Agis had advanced his feet 'Pars belli haud temnenda viri iacet altus Orodes.' but Valerus overthrew him, with no lack of his ancestorsÌ skill: Conclamant socii laetum paeana secuti. Salius killed Thronius, and Nealces, famed for the javelin, Ille autem exspirans: 'Non me quicumque es inulto and the deceptive long-distance arrow, in turn killed Salcius. victor nec longum laetabere: te quoque fata prospectant paria atque eadem mox arva tenebis.' Ad quae subridens mixta Mezentius ira: Now grievous War dealt grief and death mutually: 'Nunc morere. Ast de me divom pater atque hominum rex they killed alike, and alike they died, winners and losers, viderit.' Hoc dicens eduxit corpore telum: and neither one nor the other knew how to flee. olli dura quies oculos et ferreus urget The gods in JupiterÌs halls pitied the useless anger of them both, somnus in aeternam clauduntur lumina noctem. and that such pain existed for mortal beings: here Venus gazed down, here, opposite, Saturnian Juno. Caedicus Alcathoum obtruncat Sacrator Hydaspen Pale Tisiphone raged among the warring thousands. Partheniumque Rapo et praedurum viribus Orsen And now Mezentius shaking his mighty spear, Messapus Croniumque Lycaoniumque Erichaeten advanced like a whirlwind over the field. Great as Orion, illum infrenis equi lapsu tellure iacentem when he strides through OceanÌs deepest chasms, forging a way, hunc peditem. Pedes et Lycius processerat Agis his shoulders towering above the waves, or carrying quem tamen haud expers Valerus virtutis avitae an ancient manna ash down from the mountain heights, deicit; at Thronium Salius Saliumque Nealces walking the earth, with his head hidden in the clouds, insidiis iaculo et longe fallente sagitta. so Mezentius advanced in his giantÌs armour. Aeneas, opposite, catching sight of him in the far ranks Iam gravis aequabat luctus et mutua Mavors prepared to go and meet him. Mezentius stood there unafraid, funera: caedebant pariter pariterque ruebant waiting for his great-hearted enemy, firm in his great bulk: victores victique neque his fuga nota neque illis. and measuring with his eye what distance would suit his spear, Di Iovis in tectis iram miserantur inanem saying: ËNow let this right hand that is my god, and the weapon amborum et tantos mortalibus esse labores: I level to throw, aid me! I vow that you yourself, Lausus, as token hinc Venus hinc contra spectat Saturnia Iuno of my victory over Aeneas, shall be dressed in the spoils stripped pallida Tisiphone media inter milia saevit. from that robberÌs corpse.Ì He spoke, and threw the hissing spear At vero ingentem quatiens Mezentius hastam from far out. But, flying on, it glanced from the shield, turbidus ingreditur campo. Quam magnus Orion and pierced the handsome Antores, nearby, between flank cum pedes incedit medii per maxima Nerei and thigh, Antores, friend of Hercules, sent from Argos stagna viam scindens umero supereminet undas who had joined Evander, and settled in an Italian city. aut summis referens annosam montibus ornum Unhappy man, he fell to a wound meant for another, ingrediturque solo et caput inter nubila condit: and dying, gazing at the sky, remembered sweet Argos. talis se vastis infert Mezentius armis. Then virtuous Aeneas hurled a spear: it passed through Huic contra Aeneas speculatus in agmine longo MezentiusÌs curved shield of triple-bronze, through linen, obvius ire parat. Manet imperterritus ille and the interwoven layers of three bullÌs hides, and lodged hostem magnanimum opperiens et mole sua stat; deep in the groin, but failed to drive home with force. atque oculis spatium emensus quantum satis hastae: Aeneas, joyful at the sight of the Tuscan blood, 'Dextra mihi deus et telum quod missile libro snatched the sword from his side, and pressed nunc adsint! Voveo praedonis corpore raptis his shaken enemy hotly. Lausus, seeing it, groaned heavily indutum spoliis ipsum te Lause tropaeum for love of his father, and tears rolled down his cheeks Ä Aeneae.' Dixit stridentemque eminus hastam and here IÌll not be silent, for my part, about your harsh death, iecit; at illa volans clipeo est excussa proculque through fate, nor, if future ages place belief in such deeds, your actions, egregium Antoren latus inter et ilia figit so glorious, nor you yourself, youth, worthy of remembrance Ä Herculis Antoren comitem qui missus ab Argis his father was retreating, yielding ground, helpless, haeserat Euandro atque Itala consederat urbe. hampered, dragging the enemy lance along with his shield. Sternitur infelix alieno volnere caelumque The youth ran forward, and plunged into the fray, aspicit et dulcis moriens reminiscitur Argos and, just as AeneasÌs right hand lifted to strike a blow, tum pius Aeneas hastam iacit: illa per orbem he snatched at the sword-point, and checked him in delay: aere cavum triplici per linea terga tribusque his friends followed with great clamour, and, with a shower transit intextum tauris opus imaque sedit of spears, forced the enemy to keep his distance till the father inguine sed viris haud pertulit. Ocius ensem could withdraw, protected by his sonÌs shield. Aeneas viso Tyrrheni sanguine laetus Aeneas raged, but kept himself under cover. eripit a femine et trepidanti fervidus instat. As every ploughman and farmer runs from the fields Ingemuit cari graviter genitoris amore when storm-clouds pour down streams of hail, ut vidit Lausus lacrimaeque per ora volutae. and the passer by shelters in a safe corner, under a river Hic mortis durae casum tuaque optima facta bank or an arch of high rock, while the rain falls to earth, siqua fidem tanto est operi latura vetustas so as to pursue the dayÌs work when the sun returns: non equidem nec te iuvenis memorande silebo. so, overwhelmed by missiles from every side, Ille pedem referens et inutilis inque ligatus Aeneas endured the clouds of war, while they all thundered, cedebat clipeoque inimicum hastile trahebat: and rebuked Lausus, and threatened Lausus, saying: prorupit iuvenis seseque immiscuit armis ËWhy are you rushing to death, with courage beyond your strength? iamque adsurgentis dextra plagamque ferentis Your loyaltyÌs betraying you to foolishness.Ì Nevertheless Aeneae subiit mucronem ipsumque morando the youth raged madly, and now fierce anger rose higher sustinuit. Socii magno clamore sequuntur in the Trojan leaderÌs heart, and the Fates gathered together dum genitor nati parma protectus abiret the last threads of LaususÌs life. For Aeneas drove his sword telaque coniciunt proturbantque eminus hostem firmly through the youthÌs body, and buried it to the hilt: missilibus. Furit Aeneas tectusque tenet se. the point passed through his shield, too light for his threats, Ac velut effusa siquando grandine nimbi and the tunic of soft gold thread his mother had woven, praecipitant omnis campis diffugit arator blood filled its folds: then life left the body and fled, omnis et agricola et tuta latet arce viator sorrowing, through the air to the spirits below. aut amnis ripis aut alti fornice saxi And when AnchisesÌs son saw the look on his dying face, dum pluit in terris ut possint sole reducto that face pale with the wonderment of its ending, exercere diem: sic obrutus undique telis he groaned deeply with pity and stretched out his hand, Aeneas nubem belli dum detonet omnis as that reflection of his own love for his father touched sustinet et Lausum increpitat Lausoque minatur: his heart. ËUnhappy child, what can loyal Aeneas grant 'Quo moriture ruis maioraque viribus audes? to such a nature, worthy of these glorious deeds of yours? Fallit te incautum pietas tua.' Nec minus ille Keep the weapons you delighted in: and if it is something you are exsultat demens; saevae iamque altius irae anxious about, I return you to the shades and ashes of your ancestors. Dardanio surgunt ductori extremaque Lauso This too should solace you, unhappy one, for your sad death: Parcae fila legunt: validum namque exigit ensem you died at the hands of great Aeneas.Ì Also he rebuked per medium Aeneas iuvenem totumque recondit. LaususÌs comrades, and lifted their leader from the earth, Transiit et parmam mucro levia arma minacis where he was soiling his well-ordered hair with blood. et tunicam molli mater quam neverat auro implevitque sinum sanguis; tum vita per auras concessit maesta ad manis corpusque reliquit. Meanwhile the father, Mezentius, staunched his wounds At vero ut voltum vidit morientis et ora by the waters of TiberÌs river, and rested his body ora modis Anchisiades pallentia miris by leaning against a tree trunk. His bronze helmet hung ingemuit miserans graviter dextramque tetendit on a nearby branch, and his heavy armour lay peacefully on the grass. et mentem patriae subiit pietatis imago. The pick of his warriors stood around: he himself, weak and panting 'Quid tibi nunc miserande puer pro laudibus istis eased his neck, his flowing beard streaming over his chest. quid pius Aeneas tanta dabit indole dignum? Many a time he asked for Lausus, and many times sent men Arma quibus laetatus habe tua to carry him a sorrowing fatherÌs orders and recall him. manibus et cineri siqua est ea cura remitto. But his weeping comrades were carrying the dead Lausus, Hoc tamen infelix miseram solabere mortem: on his armour, a great man conquered by a mighty wound. Aeneae magni dextra cadis.' Increpat ultro The mind prescient of evil, knew their sighs from far off. cunctantis socios et terra sublevat ipsum Mezentius darkened his white hair with dust, and lifted sanguine turpantem comptos de more capillos. both hands to heaven, clinging to the body: Interea genitor Tiberini ad fluminis undam ËMy son, did such delight in living possess me, volnera siccabat lymphis corpusque levabat that I let you face the enemy force in my place, arboris adclinis trunco. Procul aerea ramis you whom I fathered? Is this father of yours alive dependet galea et prato gravia arma quiescunt. through your death, saved by your wounds? Ah, now at last Stant lecti circum iuvenes: ipse aeger anhelans my exile is wretchedly driven home: and my wound, deeply! colla fovet fusus propexam in pectore barbam; My son, I have also tarnished your name by my crime, multa super Lauso rogitat multumque remittit driven in hatred from my fathersÌ throne and sceptre. qui revocent maestique ferant mandata parentis. I have long owed reparation to my country and my peopleÌs hatred: At Lausum socii exanimem super arma ferebant I should have yielded my guilty soul to death in any form! flentes ingentem atque ingenti volnere victum. Now I live: I do not leave humankind yet, or the light, Agnovit longe gemitum praesaga mali mens: but I will leave.Ì So saying he raised himself weakly on his thigh, canitiem multo deformat pulvere et ambas and, despite all, ordered his horse to be brought, though his strength ad caelum tendit palmas et corpore inhaeret. ebbed from the deep wound. His mount was his pride, 'Tantane me tenuit vivendi nate voluptas and it was his solace, on it he had ridden victorious from every battle. ut pro me hostili paterer succedere dextrae He spoke to the sorrowful creature, in these words: quem genui? Tuane haec genitor per volnera servor ËRhaebus, we have lived a long time, if anything lasts long morte tua vivens? Heu nunc misero mihi demum for mortal beings. Today you will either carry the head of Aeneas, exitium infelix nunc alte volnus adactum! and his blood-stained spoils, in victory, and avenge LaususÌs pain Idem ego nate tuum maculavi crimine nomen with me, or die with me, if no power opens that road to us: pulsus ob invidiam solio sceptrisque paternis. I donÌt think that you, the bravest of creatures, will deign Debueram patriae poenas odiisque meorum: to suffer a strangerÌs orders or a Trojan master.Ì omnis per mortis animam sontem ipse dedissem! He spoke, then, mounting, disposed his limbs as usual, Nunc vivo neque adhuc homines lucemque relinquo. and weighted each hand with a sharp javelin, Sed linquam.' Simul hoc dicens attollit in aegrum his head gleaming with bronze, bristling with its horsehair crest. se femur et quamvis dolor alto volnere tardet So he launched himself quickly into the fray. In that one heart haud deiectus equum duci iubet. Hoc decus illi a vast flood of shame and madness merged with grief. hoc solamen erat; bellis hoc victor abibat And now he called to Aeneas in a great voice. omnibus. Adloquitur maerentem et talibus infit: Aeneas knew him and offered up a joyous prayer: 'Rhaebe diu res siqua diu mortalibus ulla est ËSo let the father of the gods himself decree it, so viximus. Aut hodie victor spolia illa cruenti noble Apollo! You then begin the conflict¹.Ì et caput Aeneae referes Lausique dolorum He spoke those words and moved against him with level spear. ultor eris mecum aut aperit si nulla viam vis But Mezentius replied: ËHow can you frighten me, most savage occumbes pariter; neque enim fortissime credo of men, me, bereft of my son? That was the only way you could iussa aliena pati et dominos dignabere Teucros.' destroy me: I do not shrink from death, or halt for any god. Dixit et exceptus tergo consueta locavit Cease, since I come here to die, and bring you, first, membra manusque ambas iaculis oneravit acutis these gifts.Ì He spoke, and hurled a spear at his enemy: aere caput fulgens cristaque hirsutus equina. then landed another and yet another, wheeling Sic cursum in medios rapidus dedit: aestuat ingens in a wide circle, but the gilded shield withstood them. uno in corde pudor mixtoque insania luctu He rode three times round his careful enemy, widdershins, [et furiis agitatus amor et conscia virtus.] throwing darts from his hand: three times the Trojan hero Atque hic Aenean magna ter voce vocavit. dragged round the huge thicket of spears fixed in his bronze shield. Aeneas agnovit enim laetusque precatur: Then tired of all that drawn-out delay, and burdened 'Sic pater ille deum faciat sic altus Apollo by the unequal conflict, he thought hard, and finally broke free, incipias conferre manum.' hurling his spear straight between the war horseÌs curved temples. Tantum effatus et infesta subit obvius hasta. The animal reared, and lashed the air with its hooves, Ille autem: 'Quid me erepto saevissime nato and throwing its rider, followed him down, from above, terres? Haec via sola fuit qua perdere posses. entangling him, collapsing headlong onto him, its shoulder thrown. Nec mortem horremus nec divom parcimus ulli. Trojans and Latins ignited the heavens with their shouts. Desine: nam venio moriturus et haec tibi porto Aeneas ran to him, plucking his sword from its sheath dona prius.' Dixit telumque intorsit in hostem; and standing over him, cried: ËWhere is fierce Mezentius, now, inde aliud super atque aliud figitque volatque and the savage force of that spirit?Ì The Tuscan replied, as, lifting ingenti gyro sed sustinet aureus umbo. his eyes to the sky, and gulping the air, he regained his thoughts: Ter circum adstantem laevos equitavit in orbes ËBitter enemy, why taunt, or threaten me in death? tela manu iaciens ter secum Troius heros There is no sin in killing: I did not come to fight believing so, immanem aerato circumfert tegmine silvam. nor did my Lausus agree any treaty between you and me. Inde ubi tot traxisse moras tot spicula taedet I only ask, by whatever indulgence a fallen enemy might claim, vellere et urgetur pugna congressus iniqua that my body be buried in the earth. I know that my peopleÌs multa movens animo iam tandem erumpit et inter fierce hatred surrounds me: protect me, I beg you, bellatoris equi cava tempora conicit hastam. from their anger, and let me share a tomb with my son.Ì Tollit se arrectum quadrupes et calcibus auras So he spoke, and in full awareness received the sword in his throat, verberat effusumque equitem super ipse secutus and poured out his life, over his armour, in a wave of blood. implicat eiectoque incumbit cernuus armo. Clamore incendunt caelum Troesque Latinique. Meanwhile Dawn rose and left the ocean waves: Advolat Aeneas vaginaque eripit ensem though AeneasÌs sorrow urged him to spend his time et super haec: 'Ubi nunc Mezentius acer et illa on his comradesÌ burial, and his mind was burdened by death, effera vis animi? 'Contra Tyrrhenus ut auras as victor, at first light, he discharged his vows to the gods. suspiciens hausit caelum mentemque recepit: He planted a great oak trunk, its branches lopped all round, 'Hostis amare quid increpitas mortemque minaris? on a tumulus, and decked it out as a trophy to you, great god of war, Nullum in caede nefas nec sic ad proelia veni in the gleaming armour stripped from the leader, Mezentius: nec tecum meus haec pepigit mihi foedera Lausus. he fastened the crests to it, dripping with blood, the warriorÌs Unum hoc per siqua est victis venia hostibus oro: broken spears, and the battered breastplate, pierced corpus humo patiare tegi. Scio acerba meorum in twelve places: he tied the bronze shield to its left side, circumstare odia: hunc oro defende furorem and hung the ivory-hilted sword from its neck. et me consortem nati concede sepulchro.' Then he began to encourage his rejoicing comrades: Haec loquitur iuguloque haud inscius accipit ensem ËWe have done great things, men: banish all fear of whatÌs left undantique animam diffundit in arva cruore. to do: these are the spoils of a proud king, the first fruits of victory, and this is Mezentius, fashioned by my hands. OCEANUM interea surgens Aurora reliquit: Now our path is towards King Latinus and his city walls. Aeneas quamquam et sociis dare tempus humandis Look to your weapons, spiritedly, make war your expectation, praecipitant curae turbataque funere mens est so when the gods above give us the sign to take up our standards, vota deum primo victor solvebat Eoo. and lead out our soldiers from the camp, no delay may halt us Ingentem quercum decisis undique ramis unawares, or wavering purpose hold us back through fear. constituit tumulo fulgentiaque induit arma Meanwhile let us commit to earth the unburied bodies Mezenti ducis exuvias tibi magne of our friends, the only tribute recognised in AcheronÌs depths. bellipotens: aptat rorantis sanguine cristas Go,Ì he said, Ëgrace these noble spirits with your last gifts, telaque trunca viri et bis sex thoraca petitum who have won this country for us with their blood, perfossumque locis clipeumque ex aere sinistrae and first let PallasÌs body be sent to EvanderÌs grieving city, subligat atque ensem collo suspendit eburnum. he, whom a black day stole, though no way lacking Tum socios namque omnis eum stipata tegebat in courage, and plunged in deathÌs bitterness.Ì turba ducum sic incipiens hortatur ovantis: So he spoke, weeping, and retraced his steps to the threshold 'Maxima res effecta viri; timor omnis abesto where PallasÌs lifeless corpse was laid, watched quod superest: haec sunt spolia et de rege superbo by old Acoetes, who before had been armour-bearer primitiae manibusque meis Mezentius hic est. to Arcadian Evander, but then, under less happy auspices, Nunc iter ad regem nobis murosque Latinos. set out as the chosen guardian for his dear foster-child. Arma parate animis et spe praesumite bellum All the band of attendants, and the Trojan crowd, stood around, nequa mora ignaros ubi primum vellere signa and the Ilian women, hair loosened as customary in mourning. adnuerint superi pubemque educere castris As Aeneas entered the tall doorway they struck impediat segnisve metu sententia tardet. their breasts, and raised a great cry to the heavens, Interea socios inhumataque corpora terrae and the royal pavilion rang with sad lamentation. mandemus qui solus honos Acheronte sub imo est. When he saw the pillowed face and head of Pallas, Ite ' ait 'egregias animas pale as snow, and the open wound of the Ausonian spear hanc patriam peperere suo decorate supremis in his smooth chest, he spoke, his tears rising: muneribus maestamque Evandri primus ad urbem ËUnhappy child, when Fortune entered smiling was it she mittatur Pallas quem non virtutis egentem who begrudged you to me, so that you would not see abstulit atra dies et funere mersit acerbo.' my kingdom, or ride, victorious, to your fatherÌs house? This was not the last promise I made your father, Evander, Sic ait inlacrimans recipitque ad limina gressum on leaving, when he embraced me, sending me off corpus ubi exanimi positum Pallantis Acoetes to win a great empire, and warned me with trepidation servabat senior qui Parrhasio Evandro that the enemy were brave, a tough race. armiger ante fuit sed non felicibus aeque And now, greatly deluded by false hopes, he perhaps tum comes auspiciis caro datus ibat alumno. is making vows, piling the altars high with gifts, Circum omnis famulumque manus Troianaque turba while we, grieving, follow his son in vain procession, et maestum Iliades crinem de more solutae. one who no longer owes any debt to the gods. Ut vero Aeneas foribus sese intulit altis Unhappy one, you will see the bitter funeral of your child! ingentem gemitum tunsis ad sidera tollunt Is this how we return, is this our hoped-for triumph? pectoribus maestoque immugit regia luctu. Is this what my great promise amounted to? Ipse caput nivei fultum Pallantis et ora Yet, Evander, your eyes will not see a son struck down ut vidit levique patens in pectore vulnus with shameful wounds, nor be a father praying for death, cuspidis Ausoniae lacrimis ita fatur obortis. accursed because your son came home alive. Alas, how great 'Tene ' inquit 'miserande puer was the protector, who is lost to you, Ausonia, and you, Iulus.Ì invidit Fortuna mihi ne regna videres When he had ended his lament, he ordered them to lift nostra neque ad sedes victor veherere paternas? the sad corpse, and he sent a thousand men, chosen Non haec Evandro de te promissa parenti from the ranks, to attend the last rites, and share the fatherÌs tears, discedens dederam cum me complexus euntem a meagre solace for so great a grief, but owed a fatherÌs sorrow. mitteret in magnum imperium metuensque moneret Others, without delay, interwove the frame of a bier acris esse viros cum dura proelia gente. with twigs of oak, and shoots of arbutus, shading Et nunc ille quidem spe multum captus inani the bed they constructed with a covering of leaves. fors et vota facit cumulatque altaria donis: Here they placed the youth high on his rustic couch: nos iuvenem exanimum et nil iam caelestibus ullis like a flower plucked by a young girlÌs fingers, debentem vano maesti comitamur honore. a sweet violet or a drooping hyacinth, whose brightness Infelix nati funus crudele videbis! and beauty have not yet faded, but whose native earth Hi nostri reditus expectatique triumphi! no longer nourishes it, or gives it strength. Haec mea magna fides! At non Evandre pudendis Then Aeneas brought two robes of rigid gold and purple vulneribus pulsum adspicies nec sospite dirum that Sidonian Dido had made for him once, with her own hands, optabis nato funus pater. Ei mihi quantum delighting in the labour, interweaving the fabric with gold thread. praesidium Ausonia et quantum tu perdis Iule!' Sorrowing, he draped the youth with one of these as a last honour, and veiled that hair, which would be burned, with its cloth, Haec ubi deflevit tolli miserabile corpus and heaped up many gifts as well from the Laurentine battle imperat et toto lectos ex agmine mittit and ordered the spoils to be carried in a long line: mille viros qui supremum comitentur honorem he added horses and weapons stripped from the enemy. intersintque patris lacrimis solacia luctus He had the hands of those he sent as offerings to the shades, exigua ingentis misero sed debita patri. to sprinkle the flames with blood in dying, bound behind their backs, Haud segnes alii crates et molle feretrum and ordered the leaders themselves to carry tree-trunks arbuteis texunt virgis et vimine querno draped with enemy weapons, with the names of the foe attached. exstructosque toros obtentu frondis inumbrant. Unhappy Acoetes, wearied with age, was led along, Hic iuvenem agresti sublimem stramine ponunt now bruising his chest with his fists, now marring his face qualem virgineo demessum pollice florem with his nails, until he fell, full-length on the ground: seu mollis violae seu languentis hyacinthi and they led chariots drenched with Rutulian blood. cui neque fulgor adhuc necdum sua forma recessit: Behind went the war-horse, Aethon, without his trappings, non iam mater alit tellus viresque ministrat. mourning, wetting his face with great tear drops. Tum geminas vestes auroque ostroque rigentis Others carried PallasÌs spear and helmet, the rest Turnus extulit Aeneas quas illi laeta laborum held as victor. Then a grieving procession followed, ipsa suis quondam manibus Sidonia Dido Trojans, Etruscans, and Arcadians with weapons reversed. fecerat et tenui telas discreverat auro. When all the ranks of his comrades had advanced far ahead, Harum unam iuveni supremum maestus honorem Aeneas halted, and added this, with a deep sigh: induit arsurasque comas obnubit amictu ËThis same harsh fate of warfare calls me from here multaque praeterea Laurentis praemia pugnae to other weeping: my salute for eternity to you, noble Pallas, aggerat et longo praedam iubet ordine duci. and for eternity, farewell.Ì Without speaking more he turned Addit equos et tela quibus spoliaverat hostem. his steps toward the camp and headed for the walls. Vinxerat et post terga manus quos mitteret umbris inferias caeso sparsuros sanguine flammas indutosque iubet truncos hostilibus armis And now ambassadors, shaded with olive branches, ipsos ferre duces inimicaque nomina figi. came from the Latin city, seeking favours: they asked him Ducitur infelix aevo confectus Acoetes: to return the bodies of men, felled by the sword, overflowing pectora nunc foedans pugnis nunc unguibus ora the plain, and allow them to be buried under a mound of earth. sternitur et toto proiectus corpore terrae. . . there could be no quarrel with the lost, devoid of the light: Ducunt et Rutulo perfusos sanguine currus. let him spare those who were once hosts and fathers of brides. Post bellator equus positis insignibus Aethon Aeneas courteously granted prayers he could not refuse, it lacrimans guttisque umectat grandibus ora. and added these words as well: ËLatins, what shameful Hastam alii galeamque ferunt nam cetera Turnus mischance has entangled you in a war like this, victor habet. Tum maesta phalanx Teucrique sequuntur so that you fly from being our friends? Do you Tyrrhenique omnes et versis Arcades armis. seek peace for your dead killed by fate in battle? Postquam omnis longe comitum praecesserat ordo I would gladly grant it to the living too. I would not substitit Aeneas gemituque haec addidit alto: be here, if fate had not granted me a place, a home, 'Nos alias hinc ad lacrimas eadem horrida belli nor do I wage war on your people: your king abandoned fata vocant: salve aeternum mihi maxime Palla our friendship, and thought TurnusÌs army greater. aeternumque vale.' Nec plura effatus ad altos It would have been more just for Turnus himself to meet tendebat muros gressumque in castra ferebat. this death. If he seeks to end the war by force, and drive out the Trojans, he should have fought me with these weapons, he Iamque oratores aderant ex urbe Latina whom the gods, or his right hand granted life, would have survived. velati ramis oleae veniamque rogantes: Now go and light the fires for your unfortunate countrymen.Ì corpora per campos ferro quae fusa iacebant Aeneas had spoken. They were silent, struck dumb, redderet ac tumulo sineret succedere terrae; and kept their faces and their gaze fixed on one another. nullum cum victis certamen et aethere cassis; Then Drances, an elder, always hostile to young Turnus, parceret hospitibus quondam socerisque vocatis. shown in his dislike and reproaches, replied in turn, so: Quos bonus Aeneas haud aspernanda precantis ËO, Trojan hero, great in fame, greater in battle, prosequitur venia et verbis haec insuper addit: how can I praise you to the skies enough? Should I 'Quaenam vos tanto fortuna indigna Latini wonder first at your justice, or your efforts in war? implicuit bello qui nos fugiatis amicos? Indeed we will gratefully carry these words back Pacem me exanimis et Martis sorte peremptis to our native city, and if Fortune offers a way, we will oratis? Equidem et vivis concedere vellem. ally you to our king. Let Turnus seek treaties for himself. Nec veni nisi fata locum sedemque dedissent It will be a delight even to raise those massive walls nec bellum cum gente gero: rex nostra reliquit and lift the stones of Troy on our shoulders.Ì hospitia et Turni potius se credidit armis. He spoke, and they all murmured assent with one voice. Aequius huic Turnum fuerat se opponere morti. They fixed a twelve day truce, and with peace as mediator, Si bellum finire manu si pellere Teucros Trojans and Latins wandered together, in safety, apparat his mecum decuit concurrere telis: through the wooded hills. The tall ash rang to the two-edged axe, vixet cui vitam deus aut sua dextra dedisset. they felled pine-trees towering to the heavens, and they never Nunc ite et miseris supponite civibus ignem.' ceased splitting the oaks, and fragrant cedars, with wedges, Dixerat Aeneas. Illi obstipuere silentes or carrying away the manna ash in rumbling wagons. conversique oculos inter se atque ora tenebant. Tum senior semperque odiis et crimine Drances infensus iuveni Turno sic ore vicissim And now Rumour filled EvanderÌs ears, and the palaceÌs orsa refert: 'O fama ingens ingentior armis and the cityÌs, flying there, bringing news of that great grief: vir Troiane quibus caelo te laudibus aequem? Rumour, that a moment since was carrying PallasÌs victory Iustitiaene prius mirer belline laborum? to Latium. The Arcadians ran to the gates, and following Nos vero haec patriam grati referemus ad urbem ancient custom, seized torches for the funeral: the road shone et te siqua viam dederit fortuna Latino with the long ranks of flames, parting the distant fields. iungemus regi: quaerat sibi foedera Turnus. The Trojan column, approaching, merged its files of mourners Quin et fatalis murorum attollere moles with them. When the women saw them nearing saxaque subvectare umeris Troiana iuvabit.' the houses, grief set the city ablaze with its clamour. Dixerat haec unoque omnes eadem ore fremebant. But no force could restrain Evander, and he ran into their midst, Bis senos pepigere dies et pace sequestra flung himself on PallasÌs body, once the bier was set down, per silvas Teucri mixtique inpune Latini clinging to it with tears and groans, till at last, he spoke, erravere iugis. Ferro sonat alta bipenni his grief scarcely allowing a path for his voice: fraxinus evertunt actas ad sidera pinus ËO Pallas, this was not the promise you made your father, robora nec cuneis et olentem scindere cedrum that you would enter this savage war with caution. nec plaustris cessant vectare gementibus ornos. I am not ignorant how great new pride in weapons can be, and honour won in a first conflict is very sweet. Et iam Fama volans tanti praenuntia luctus Alas for the first fruits of your young life, and your Evandrum Evandrique domos et moenia replet harsh schooling in a war so near us, and for my vows quae modo victorem Latio Pallanta ferebat. and prayers unheard by any god! Happy were you, O my Arcades ad portas ruere et de more vetusto most sacred Queen, in a death that saved you from this sorrow! funereas rapuere faces; lucet via longo I, by living on, have exceeded my fate, to survive as father ordine flammarum et late discriminat agros. without son. I should have marched with the allied armies Contra turba Phrygum veniens plangentia iungit of Troy and been killed by those Rutulian spears! I should have agmina. Quae postquam matres succedere tectis given my life, and this pomp should have carried me, not Pallas, home! viderunt maestam incendunt clamoribus urbem. Yet I do not blame you, Trojans, or our treaty, or the hands At non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere we clasped in friendship: my white hairs are the cause of this. sed venit in medios. Feretro Pallanta reposto And if an untimely death awaited my son it is my joy that he fell procubuit super atque haeret lacrimansque gemensque leading the Trojans into Latium, killing Volscians in thousands. et via vix tandem vocis laxata dolore est. Indeed, Pallas, I thought you worthy of no other funeral 'Non haec O Palla dederas promissa parenti than this that virtuous Aeneas, the great Phyrgians, cautius ut saevo velles te credere Marti; the Etruscan leaders and all the Etruscans chose. haud ignarus eram quantum nova gloria in armis Those, whom your right hand dealt death to, bring great trophies: et praedulce decus primo certamine posset. Turnus, you too would be standing here, a vast tree-trunk hung with Primitiae iuvenis miserae bellique propinqui weapons, if years and mature strength had been alike in both. dura rudimenta et nulli exaudita deorum But why in my unhappiness do I keep the Trojans from war? vota precesque meae! Tuque O sanctissima coniunx Go, and remember to take this message to your king: felix morte tua neque in hunc servata dolorem! if I prolong a life thatÌs hateful to me, now Pallas is dead, Contra ego vivendo vici mea fata superstes itÌs because you know your right hand owes father and son restarem ut genitor. Troum socia arma secutum the death of Turnus. That is the one path of kindness to me obruerent Rutuli telis! Animam ipse dedissem and success for you that lies open. I donÌt ask for joy while alive, atque haec pompa domum me non Pallanta referret (thatÌs not allowed me) but to carry it to my son deep among the shades.Ì nec vos arguerim Teucri nec foedera nec quas iunximus hospitio dextras: sors ista senectae debita erat nostrae. Quod si immatura manebat Dawn, meanwhile, had raised her kindly light on high mors natum caesis Volscorum milibus ante for wretched men, calling them again to work and toil: ducentem in Latium Teucros cecidisse iuvabit. now Aeneas the leader, now Tarchon, had erected pyres Quin ego non alio digner te funere Palla on the curving bay. Here according to ancestral custom they each quam pius Aeneas [et quam magni Phryges et quam brought the bodies of their people, and as the gloomy fires Tyrrhenique duces Tyrrhenum exercitus omnis.] were lit beneath, the high sky was veiled in a dark mist. Magna tropaea ferunt quos dat tua dextera Leto: Three times they circled the blazing piles, clad in gleaming tu quoque nunc stares immanis truncus in armis armour, three times they rounded the mournful esset par aetas et idem si robur ab annis funeral flames on horseback, and uttered wailing cries. Turne. Sed infelix Teucros quid demoror armis? Tears sprinkled the earth, and sprinkled the armour, Vadite et haec memores regi mandata referte: the clamour of men and blare of trumpets climbed to the heavens. quod vitam moror invisam Pallante perempto Then some flung spoils, stripped from the slaughtered Latins, dextera causa tua est Turnum natoque patrique onto the fire, helmets and noble swords, bridles and swift wheels: quam debere vides. Meritis vacat hic tibi solus others, gifts familiar to the dead, their shields and luckless weapons. fortunaeque locus. Non vitae gaudia quaero Many head of cattle were sacrificed round these, to Death. nec fas sed nato Manis perferre sub imos.' They cut the throats of bristling boars, and flocks culled from the whole country, over the flames. Then they watched Aurora interea miseris mortalibus almam their comrades burn, all along the shore, and kept guard extulerat lucem referens opera atque labores: over the charred pyres, and could not tear themselves away iam pater Aeneas iam curvo in litore Tarchon till dew-wet night wheeled the sky round, inset with shining stars. constituere pyras. Huc corpora quisque suorum Elsewhere too the wretched Latins built innumerable pyres. more tulere patrum subiectisque ignibus atris Some of the many corpses they buried in the earth, some they took conditur in tenebras altum caligine caelum. and carried to the fields nearby, or sent onwards to the city. Ter circum accensos cincti fulgentibus armis The rest, a vast pile of indiscriminate dead, they burnt decurrere rogos ter maestum funeris ignem without count, and without honours: then the wide fields lustravere in equis ululatusque ore dedere; on every side shone thick with fires, in emulation. spargitur et tellus lacrimis sparguntur et arma: The third dawn dispelled chill shadows from the sky: it caelo clamorque virum clangorque tubarum. grieving, they raked the bones, mixed with a depth of ash, Hic alii spolia occisis derepta Latinis from the pyres, and heaped a mound of warm earth over them. coniciunt igni galeas ensesque decoros Meanwhile, the main clamour, and the heart of their prolonged frenaque ferventisque rotas; pars munera nota lamentation, was inside the walls, in the city of rich Latinus. ipsorum clipeos et non felicia tela. Here mothers and unhappy daughters-in-law, here the loving hearts Multa boum circa mactantur corpora Morti of grieving sisters, and boys robbed of their fathers, cursed the dreadful saetigerosque sues raptasque ex omnibus agris war, and the marriage Turnus had intended, and demanded that he in flammam iugulant pecudes. Tum litore toto and he alone should fight it out with armour and blade, he who ardentis spectant socios semustaque servant claimed for himself the kingdom of Italy, and the foremost honours. busta neque avelli possunt nox umida donec Cruelly, Drances added to this and testified that Turnus alone invertit caelum stellis ardentibus aptum. was summoned, that he alone was challenged to battle. At the same time many an opinion in varied words was against it, Nec minus et miseri diversa in parte Latini and for Turnus, and the QueenÌs noble name protected him, innumeras struxere pyras et corpora partim while his great fame, and the trophies heÌd earned, spoke for him. multa virum terrae infodiunt avectaque partim finitimos tollunt in agros urbique remittunt cetera confusaeque ingentem caedis acervum Amongst this stir, at the heart of the blaze of dissension, nec numero nec honore cremant: tunc undique vasti behold, to crown it all, the ambassadors brought an answer certatim crebris conlucent ignibus agri. from DiomedesÌs great city, sad that nothing had been achieved Tertia lux gelidam caelo dimoverat umbram: at the cost of all their efforts, presents and gold maerentes altum cinerem et confusa ruebant and heartfelt prayers had been useless, the Latins must find ossa focis tepidoque onerabant aggere terrae. other armies or seek peace with the Trojan king. Iam vero in tectis praedivitis urbe Latini King Latinus sank beneath this vast disappointment. praecipuus fragor et longi pars maxima luctus. The angry gods and the fresh graves before his eyes, had given Hic matres miseraeque nurus hic cara sororum warning that this fateful Aeneas was clearly sent by divine will. pectora maerentum puerique parentibus orbi So, summoning his high council, the leaders of his people, dirum exsecrantur bellum Turnique hymenaeos: by royal command, he gathered them within his tall gates. ipsum armis ipsumque iubent decernere ferro They convened, streaming to the kingÌs palace, through qui regnum Italiae et primos sibi poscat honores. the crowded streets. Latinus, the oldest and most powerful, ingravat haec saevus Drances solumque vocari seated himself at their centre, with no pleasure in his aspect. testatur solum posci in certamina Turnum. And he ordered the ambassadors, back from the Aetolian city, Multa simul contra variis sententia dictis to tell their news, asking for all the answers in order. pro Turno et magnum reginae nomen obumbrat Then all tongues fell silent, and, obeying multa virum meritis sustentat fama tropaeis. his order, Venulus began as follows: ËO citizens, we have seen Diomedes and his Argive camp, Hos inter motus medio in flagrante tumultu completed our journey, overcome all dangers, ecce super maesti magna Diomedis ab urbe and grasped that hand by which the land of Troy fell. legati responsa ferunt: nihil omnibus actum As victor over the Iapygian fields, by the Garganus hills, he was tantorum impensis operum nil dona neque aurum founding the city of Argyripa, named after his fatherÌs people. nec magnas valuisse preces alia arma Latinis When we had entered, and were given leave to speak to him quaerenda aut pacem Troiano ab rege petendum. in person, we offered our gifts, and declared our name and country: Deficit ingenti luctu rex ipse Latinus. who had made war on us: and what had brought us to Arpi. Fatalem Aenean manifesto numine ferri He listened and replied in this way with a calm look: admonet ira deum tumulique ante ora recentes. ÍO fortunate nations, realms of Saturn, ancient peoples Ergo concilium magnum primosque suorum of Ausonia, what fortune troubles your peace imperio accitos alta intra limina cogit. and persuades you to invite base war? olli convenere fluuntque ad regia plenis We who violated the fields of Troy with our blades, tecta viis. Sedet in mediis et maximus aevo (forgetting what we endured in battle beneath her high walls, et primus sceptris haud laeta fronte Latinus. or those warriors Simois drowned) have paid in atrocious suffering, Atque hic legatos Aetola ex urbe remissos and every kind of punishment, for our sins, throughout the world, quae referant fari iubet et responsa reposcit a crew that even Priam would have pitied: MinervaÌs dark star ordine cuncta suo. Tum facta silentia linguis and that cliff of Euboea, Caphereus the avenger, know it. et Venulus dicto parens ita farier infit: Menelaus, son of Atreus, driven from that warfare to distant shores, was exiled as far as Egypt, and the Pillars of Proteus, 'Vidimus o cives Diomedem Argivaque castra while Ulysses has viewed the Cyclopes of Aetna. atque iter emensi casus superavimus omnis Even Mycenean Agamemnon, leader of the mighty Greeks, contigimusque manum qua concidit Ilia tellus. was struck down at the hand of his wicked wife, when barely Ille urbem Argyripam patriae cognomine gentis over the threshold: he conquered Asia, but an adulterer lurked. victor Gargani condebat Iapygis agris. Need I speak of the kingdom of Neoptolemus, IdomeneusÌs Postquam introgressi et coram data copia fandi household overthrown, or the Locrians living on LibyaÌs coast? munera praeferimus nomen patriamque docemus How the gods begrudged me my return to my countryÌs qui bellum intulerint quae causa attraxerit Arpos. altars: the wife I longed for: and lovely Calydon? Auditis ille haec placido sic reddidit ore: Even now visitations pursue me, dreadful to see: ''O fortunatae gentes Saturnia regna my lost comrades, as birds, sought the sky with their wings antiqui Ausonii quae vos fortuna quietos or haunt the streams (alas a dire punishment for my people!) sollicitat suadetque ignota lacessere bella? and fill the cliffs with their mournful cries. Quicumque Iliacos ferro violavimus agros This was the fate I should have expected from that moment mitto ea quae muris bellando exhausta sub altis when, in madness, I attacked VenusÌs heavenly body quos Simois premat ille viros infanda per orbem with my sword, and harmed her hand by wounding it. supplicia et scelerum poenas expendimus omnes Do not, in truth, do not urge me to such conflict. Since TroyÌs vel Priamo miseranda manus: scit triste Minervae towers have fallen I have no quarrel with TeucerÌs race, sidus et Euboicae cautes ultorque Caphareus. nor have I joyful memories of those ancient evils. Militia ex illa diversum ad litus abacti Take the gifts your bring me, from your country, Atrides Protei Menelaus adusque columnas to Aeneas. I have withstood his cruel weapons and fought him exsulat Aetnaeos vidit Cyclopas Ulixes. hand to hand: trust my knowledge of how he looms Regna Neoptolemi referam versosque penates tall above his shield, with what power he hurls his spear. Idomenei? Libycone habitantis litore Locros? Had the Troad produced two other men like him, Ipse Mycenaeus magnorum ductor Achivom the Trojans would have reached the Greek cities, coniugis infandae prima inter limina dextra and Greece would be grieving, their fates reversed. oppetiit: devictam Asiam subsedit adulter. During all that time we spent facing the walls of enduring Troy Invidisse deos patriis ut redditus aris a Greek victory was stalled at the hands of Hector coniugium optatum et pulchram Calydona viderem? and Aeneas, and denied us till the tenth year. Nunc etiam horribili visu portenta sequuntur Both were outstanding in courage and weaponry: et socii amissi petierunt aethera pennis Aeneas was first in virtue. Join hands with him in confederation, fluminibusque vagantur aves heu dira meorum as best you can, but beware of crossing swords with him.Î supplicia et scopulos lacrimosis vocibus implent. Noblest of kings, you have heard, in one, what their king replies Haec adeo ex illo mihi iam speranda fuerunt and what his counsels are concerning this great war.Ì tempore cum ferro caelestia corpora demens adpetii et Veneris violavi volnere dextram. Ne vero ne me ad talis impellite pugnas: The ambassadors had scarcely finished speaking when diverse nec mihi cum Teucris ullum post eruta bellum murmurs passed swiftly among the troubled Italian faces, just as Pergama nec veterum memini laetorve malorum. when rocks detain a flowing river a muttering rises from the imprisoned Munera quae patriis ad me portatis ab oris eddies, and the banks, that border it echo with splashing waves. vertite ad Aenean. Stetimus tela aspera contra As soon as thoughts were calmer and anxious lips were quiet, the king contulimusque manus: experto credite quantus began to speak, from his high throne, first calling on the gods: in clipeum adsurgat quo turbine torqueat hastam. ËLatins, I wish we had decided on this vital matter before now, Si duo praeterea talis Idaea tulisset and it would have been better not to convene the council at such terra viros ultro Inachias venisset ad urbes a moment, when the enemy is settled in front of our walls. Dardanus et versis lugeret Graecia fatis. Citizens we are waging a wrong-headed war with a divine race, Quidquid apud durae cessatum est moenia Troiae unconquered warriors whom no battles weary, and who Hectoris Aeneaeque manu victoria Graium will not relinquish the sword even when beaten. haesit et in decimum vestigia rettulit annum. If you had hopes of the alliance with Aetolian armies, Ambo animis ambo insignes praestantibus armis forgo them. Each has his own hopes: but see how slight they are. hic pietate prior. Coeant in foedera dextrae As for the rest of our affairs, the utter ruin they lie in qua datur; ast armis concurrant arma cavete.'' is in front of your eyes and under your hands. Et responsa simul quae sint rex optime regis I accuse no one: what the utmost courage could do has audisti et quae sit magno sententia bello.' been done: the conflict has taken all the strength of our kingdom. So let me explain the decision of my deliberating mind, Vix ea legati variusque per ora cucurrit and I will outline it briefly (apply your thoughts to it). Ausonidum turbata fremor: ceu saxa morantur ThereÌs an ancient domain of mine along the Tuscan river, cum rapidos amnis fit clauso gurgite murmur stretching westward, to the Sicanian border and beyond: vicinaeque fremunt ripae crepitantibus undis. Auruncans and Rutulians work the stubborn hills with the plough, Ut primum placati animi et trepida ora quierunt sow seed there, and use the roughest slopes as pasture. praefatus divos solio rex infit ab alto: Let us yield all this region, with the pine-clad tract of high hills, 'Ante equidem summa de re statuisse Latini to the Trojans in friendship, and spell out the just terms et vellem et fuerat melius non tempore tali of a treaty, and invite them to share our kingdom: cogere concilium. cum muros adsidet hostis. let them settle, if their desire is such, and build their city. Bellum importunum cives cum gente deorum But if their wish is to conquer other territories invictisque viris gerimus quos nulla fatigant and some other nation, and they might leave our soil, proelia: nec victi possunt absistere ferro. let us fashion twenty ships of Italian oak: or more if they Spem siquam adscitis Aetolum habuistis in armis can fill them, all the timber lies close to the water: ponite. Spes sibi quisque sed haec quam angusta videtis; let them set out the number and design of their fleet cetera qua rerum iaceant perculsa ruina themselves: weÌll give the labour, the shipyard and the bronze. ante oculos interque manus sunt omnia vestras. Moreover, I want a hundred envoys to go to carry the news Nec quemquam incuso: potuit quae plurima virtus and seal the pact, Latins of noblest birth, holding out branches esse fuit; toto certatum est corpore regni. as peace tokens in their hands, and bearing gifts, talents Nunc adeo quae sit dubiae sententia menti of ivory and gold, and the throne and the robe, symbols of royalty. expediam et paucis animos adhibete docebo. Consult together, and repair our weary fortunes.Ì Est antiquus ager Tusco mihi proximus amni longus in occasum finis super usque Sicanos; BkXI:336-375 Drances Attacks Turnus Verbally Aurunci Rutulique serunt et vomere duros exercent colles atque horum asperrima pascunt. Then Drances, whom TurnusÌs glory provoked with the bitter Haec omnis regio et celsi plaga pinea montis sting of secret envy, rose, hostile as before,: lavish cedat amicitiae Teucrorum et foederis aequas of his wealth, and a better speaker, but with a hand dicamus leges sociosque in regna vocemus. frozen in battle: held to be no mean adviser in council, Considant si tantus amor et moenia condant. and powerful in a quarrel (his motherÌs high birth Sin alios finis aliamque capessere gentem granted him nobility, his fatherÌs origin was uncertain): est animus possuntque solo decedere nostro: and with these words added weight and substance to their anger: bis denas Italo texamus robore navis ËO gracious king, you consult us on a subject clear to all, seu pluris complere valent iacet omnis ad undam and needing no speech from us: everyone acknowledges materies ipsi numerumque modumque carinis they know what the public good demands, but shrink from speech. praecipiant nos aera manus navalia demus. Let that man, through whose inauspicious leadership Praeterea qui dicta ferant et foedera firment and perverse ways (speak I will though he threaten me centum oratores prima de gente Latinos with violence or death) we have seen so many glorious leaders ire placet pacisque manu praetendere ramos fall, and the city sunk in mourning, while he attacks the Trojan camp, munera portantis aurique eborisque talenta trusting in flight, and frightens heaven with his weapons, let him et sellam regni trabeamque insignia nostri. grant freedom of speech, and cease his arrogance. Consulite in medium et rebus succurrite fessis.' Add one further gift to the many you order us to send and communicate to the Trojans, one more, gracious king, Tum Drances idem infensus quem gloria Turni why not, as a father may, and let no manÌs violence prevent you, obliqua invidia stimulisque agitabat amaris give your daughter to an illustrious man in a marriage largus opum et lingua melior sed frigida bello worthy of her, binding this peace with an everlasting contract. dextera consiliis habitus non futilis auctor But if fear of doing such possesses our minds and hearts, seditione potens (genus huic materna superbum let us appeal to the prince, and beg permission from him: nobilitas dabat incertum de patre ferebat) to yield, and give up his rights in favour of his king and his country. surgit et his onerat dictis atque aggerat iras: O Turnus, you who are the source and reason for all these problems 'Rem nulli obscuram nostrae nec vocis egentem for Latium, why do you so often hurl your wretched countrymen consulis O bone rex: cuncti se scire fatentur into obvious danger? ThereÌs no remedy in war, we all ask you quid fortuna ferat populi sed dicere mussant. for peace, together with the sole inviolable pledge of peace. Det libertatem fandi flatusque remittat I first of all, whom you imagine to be your enemy (and I cuius ob auspicium infaustum moresque sinistros will not contest it) come as a suppliant. Pity your people, (dicam equidem licet arma mihi mortemque minetur) set your pride aside, and conquered, give way. Routed, lumina tot cecidisse ducum totamque videmus we have seen enough of death and made broad acres desolate. consedisse urbem luctu dum Troia temptat Or, if glory stirs you, if you harbour such strength of feeling, castra fugae fidens et caelum territat armis. and if a palace as dowry is so dear to you, be bold, Unum etiam donis istis quae plurima mitti and carry yourself confidently against the enemy. Dardanidis dicique iubes unum optime regum Surely we whose lives are worthless should be scattered adicias nec te ullius violentia vincat over the fields, unburied and unwept, so that Turnus quin natam egregio genero dignisque hymenaeis might gain his royal bride? And you too, if you have des pater et pacem hanc aeterno foedere iungas. any strength, if you have any of your fatherÌs warlike spirit, Quod si tantus habet mentes et pectora terror you must look into the face of your challenger.Ì ipsum obtestemur veniamque oremus ab ipso: cedat ius proprium regi patriaeque remittat. Quid miseros totiens in aperta pericula cives TurnusÌs fury blazed at such a speech. He gasped proicis O Latio caput horum et causa malorum? and from the depths of his heart gave vent to these words: Nulla salus bello: pacem te poscimus omnes ËDrances, itÌs true you always have more than plenty to say Turne simul pacis solum inviolabile pignus. whenever war calls for men, and youÌre first to appear when the senate Primus ego invisum quem tu tibi fingis et esse is called together. But thereÌs no need to fill the council-house with words, nil moror en supplex venio. Miserere tuorum that fly so freely from you when you are safe, when the rampart walls pone animos et pulsus abi. Sat funera fusi keep the enemy off and the ditches are not yet drowned in blood. vidimus ingentis et desolavimus agros. So thunder away, eloquently (as is your wont) Drances, and charge Aut si fama movet si tantum pectore robur me with cowardice when your hand has produced like mounds concipis et si adeo dotalis regia cordi est of Trojan dead, and dotted the fields everywhere aude atque adversum fidens fer pectus in hostem. with trophies. YouÌre free to try what raw courage can do, Scilicet ut Turno contingat regia coniunx and certainly we donÌt need to search far for enemies: nos animae viles inhumata infletaque turba theyÌre surrounding the walls on every side. sternamur campis. Etiam tu siqua tibi vis Shall we go against them? Why hesitate? si patrii quid Martis habes illum aspice contra Will your appetite for war always remain qui vocat.' in your airy tongue and fleeing feet? I, beaten? You total disgrace, can anyone who sees Talibus exarsit dictis violentia Turni; the Tiber swollen with Trojan blood, and all EvanderÌs dat gemitum rumpitque has imo pectore voces house and race toppled, and the Arcadians stripped 'Larga quidem Drance semper tibi copia fandi of weapons, say with justice I am beaten? tum cum bella manus poscunt patribusque vocatis Bitias, and giant Pandarus, and the thousand men that I as victor primus ades. Sed non replenda est curia verbis sent down to Tartarus in one day, did not find it so, imprisoned quae tuto tibi magna volant dum distinet hostem though I was by the walls, and hedged by enemy ramparts. agger murorum nec inundant sanguine fossae. No safety in war? Madman, sing such about the TrojanÌs life, Proinde tona eloquio solitum tibi meque timoris and your possessions. Go on then, troubling everyone argue tu Drance quando tot stragis acervos with your great fears, and extolling the powers of a race Teucrorum tua dextra dedit passimque tropaeis twice-defeated, while disparaging LatinusÌs army. insignis agros. Possit quid vivida virtus Now even Myrmidon princes, now Diomede, TydeusÌs experiare licet; nec longe scilicet hostes son, and Larissean Achilles, tremble at Trojan weapons, quaerendi nobis: circumstant undique muros. and AufidusÌs river flows backwards from the Adriatic waves. Imus in adversos: quid cessas? An tibi Mavors And what when he pretends heÌs afraid to quarrel with me, ventosa in lingua pedibusque fugacibus istis the cunning rascal, and intensifies the charge with false terror. semper erit? YouÌll not lose a life like yours to my right hand Pulsus ego? Aut quisquam merito foedissime pulsum (donÌt shrink) keep it, let it remain in your breast. arguet Iliaco tumidum qui crescere Thybrim Now, old father, I return to you and your great debate. sanguine et Evandri totam cum stirpe videbit If you place no further hope in our forces, procubuisse domum atque exutos Arcadas armis? if weÌre so desolate, if one reverse for our troops Haud ita me experti Bitias et Pandarus ingens has utterly destroyed us, and our Fortunes cannot return, et quos mille die victor sub Tartara misi letÌs stretch out our helpless hands, and sue for peace. inclusus muris hostilique aggere saeptus. Oh if only our traditional courage was here, though. ''Nulla salus bello.'' Capiti cane talia demens That man to me would be happy in his efforts, and outstanding Dardanio rebusque tuis. Proinde omnia magno in spirit, who had fallen in death, so as not to see ne cessa turbare metu atque extollere vires such things, and who had bitten the dust once and for all. gentis bis victae contra premere arma Latini. Yet if we still have our wealth and manhood intact Nunc et Myrmidonum proceres Phrygia arma tremescunt and nations and cities of Italy are still our allies, nunc et Tydides et Larissaeus Achilles if the Trojans won glory with great bloodshed, amnis et Hadriacas retro fugit Aufidus undas. (they too have their dead, the storm of warÌs the same for all) Vel cum se pavidum contra mea iurgia fingit why do we lose heart, shamefully, on the very threshold? artificis scelus et formidine crimen acerbat. Why does fear seize our limbs before the trumpets sound? Numquam animam talem dextra hac absiste moveri Many things change for the better with time, and the various amittes: habitet tecum et sit pectore in isto. labours of altering years: Fortune toys with many a man, Nunc ad te et tua magna pater consulta revertor. then, visiting him in turn, sets him on solid ground again. Si nullam nostris ultra spem ponis in armis The Aetolian and his Arpi will be no help to us: si tam deserti sumus et semel agmine verso but Messapus will, and Tolumnius, the fortunate, funditus occidimus neque habet Fortuna regressum? and all those leaders sent by many a people: no little glory oremus pacem et dextras tendamus inertis. will accrue to the flower of Latium and Laurentine fields. Quamquam O si solitae quicquam virtutis adesset! We have Camilla too, of the glorious Volscian nation, Ille mihi ante alios fortunatusque laborum leading her troop of riders, and squadrons bright with bronze. egregiusque animi qui nequid tale videret But if the Trojans only call me to fight, and thatÌs your wish, procubuit moriens et humum semel ore momordit. if IÌm so great an obstacle to the common good, Victory is far Sin et opes nobis et adhuc intacta iuventus from having fled these hands of mine with such hatred auxilioque urbes Italae populique supersunt that I should refuse to try anything for a hope so sweet. sin et Troianis cum multo gloria venit IÌd face him with courage though he outclassed great Achilles, sanguine sunt illis sua funera parque per omnis and wore armour to match, fashioned by VulcanÌs hands. tempestas: cur indecores in limine primo I, Turnus, not second in virtue to any of my ancestors, deficimus? Cur ante tubam tremor occupat artus? dedicate my life to you all, and to Latinus, father of my bride, Multa dies variisque labor mutabilis aevi Aeneas challenges me alone? I pray that he does so challenge: rettulit in melius multos alterna revisens and, if the godsÌ anger is in this, that it is not Drances rather than I lusit et in solido rursus Fortuna locavit. who appeases them in death, or if thereÌs worth and glory, takes it all. Non erit auxilio nobis Aetolus et Arpi: at Messapus erit felixque Tolumnius et quos tot populi misere duces nec parva sequetur Arguing among themselves, they debated the issues gloria delectos Latio et Laurentibus agris. in doubt: while Aeneas was moving his camp and lines. Est et Volscorum egregia de gente Camilla See, a messenger runs through the royal palace, agmen agens equitum et florentis aere catervas. with great commotion, filling the city with huge alarm: Quod si me solum Teucri in certamina poscunt the Trojans, ready for battle, and the Etruscan ranks idque placet tantumque bonis communibus obsto were sweeping down from the river Tiber, over the plain. non adeo has exosa manus Victoria fugit At once peopleÌs minds were troubled, their hearts shaken, ut tanta quicquam pro spe temptare recusem. and their deep anger roused by the ungentle shock. Ibo animis contra vel magnum praestet Achillem Anxiously they called for weapons: weapons the young men factaque Vulcani manibus paria induat arma shouted, while their sad fathers wept and murmured. ille licet. Vobis animam hanc soceroque Latino And now a great clamour filled with discord rose to heaven Turnus ego haud ulli veterum virtute secundus on every side, as when a flock of birds settles by chance devovi. ''Solum Aeneas vocat'': et vocet oro in some tall grove, or when the swans give their hoarse calls, nec Drances potius sive est haec ira deorum among noisy pools, by PadusaÌs fish-filled streams. morte luat sive est virtus et gloria tollat.' ËYes, oh citizens,Ì Turnus cried, seizing his moment, Ëconvene your council and sit there praising peace: Illi haec inter se dubiis de rebus agebant while they attack us with weapons.Ì He said no more certantes; castra Aeneas aciemque movebat: but sprang up and went swiftly from the high halls. nuntius ingenti per regia tecta tumultu ËYou, Volusus,Ì he shouted, Ëtell the Volscian troops to arm, ecce ruit magnisque urbem terroribus implet and lead the Rutulians. Messapus, and Coras with your brother, instructos acie Tiberino a flumine Teucros deploy the cavalry, under arms, over the wide plain. Tyrrhenamque manum totis descendere campis. Let some secure the city gates, and occupy the towers: Extemplo turbati animi concussaque vulgi the rest carry their weapons with me, where I order.Ì pectora et adrectae stimulis haud mollibus irae. At once there was a rush to the walls all over the city. Arma manu trepidi poscunt fremit arma iuventus King Latinus himself left the council, dismayed by the darkness flent maesti mussantque patres. Hic undique clamor of the hour, and abandoned his great plan, reproaching himself dissensu vario magnus se tollit in auras again and again for not having freely received Trojan Aeneas, haud secus atque alto in luco cum forte catervae and adopted him as his son-in-law for the cityÌs sake. consedere avium piscosove amne Padusae Some dug trenches in front of the gates or carried stones dant sonitum rauci per stagna loquacia cycni. and stakes. The harsh trumpet gave the cruel call to war. 'Immo ' ait 'O cives' adrepto tempore Then a diverse circle of mothers and sons 'cogite concilium et pacem laudate sedentes: ringed the walls: this final trial summoned them all. illi armis in regna ruunt.' Nec plura locutus Moreover the Queen, with a great crowd of women, corripuit sese et tectis citus extulit altis. drove to PallasÌs temple on the heights of the citadel 'Tu Voluse armari Volscorum edice maniplos carrying gifts, virgin Lavinia next to her as her companion, duc ' ait 'et Rutulos. Equitem Messapus in armis a source of so much trouble, her beautiful eyes cast down. et cum fratre Coras latis diffundite campis. The women climbed to the temple, filled it with incense Pars aditus urbis firmet turrisque capessat fumes, and poured out sad prayers from the high threshold: cetera qua iusso mecum manus inferat arma.' ËTritonian Virgin, mighty in weapons, ruler of war, shatter Ilicet in muros tota discurritur urbe. the spear of the Trojan robber, with your hand, hurl him flat Consilium ipse pater et magna incepta Latinus on the earth, stretch him prone beneath our high gates.Ì deserit ac tristi turbatus tempore differt Turnus, in a fury of zeal, armed himself for battle. multaque se incusat qui non adceperit ultro He was already dressed in his glowing breastplate, Dardanium Aenean generumque adsciverit urbi. bristling with bronze scales, his legs sheathed in gold, Praefodiunt alii portas aut saxa sudesque his temples still bare, his sword buckled to his side, subvectant. Bello dat signum rauca cruentum shining, splendid, as he ran down from the citadelÌs heights, bucina. Tum muros varia cinxere corona exultant in spirit, already anticipating the enemy in hope: matronae puerique: vocat labor ultimus omnis. like a stallion, breaking his tether and fleeing his stall, Nec non ad templum summasque ad Palladis arces free at last, lord of the open plain, who either heads subvehitur magna matrum regina caterva for the pastures and the herds of mares, or, used to bathing dona ferens iuxtaque comes Lavinia virgo in some familiar river, gallops away, and, with head held high, causa mali tanti oculos deiecta decoros. neighs with pleasure, his mane playing over neck and shoulder. Succedunt matres et templum ture vaporant Camilla sped to meet him, accompanied by her Volscian et maestas alto fundunt de limine voces: troops, and alighted from her horse close by the gates, 'Armipotens praeses belli Tritonia virgo all her company leaving their mounts at her example, frange manu telum Phrygii praedonis et ipsum and slipping to earth: then she spoke as follows: pronum sterne solo portisque effunde sub altis.' ËTurnus, if the brave may rightly have faith in themselves, Cingitur ipse furens certatim in proelia Turnus. I dare to, and promise to, encounter AeneasÌs cavalry, Iamque adeo rutilum thoraca indutus aenis and ride to meet the Etruscan horsemen alone. horrebat squamis surasque incluserat auro Let me attempt the first dangers of the battle with my hand tempora nudus adhuc laterique adcinxerat ensem while you stay by the walls and protect the ramparts.Ì fulgebatque alta decurrens aureus arce Turnus replied, his gaze fixed on this amazing girl: exsultatque animis et spe iam praecipit hostem: ËO virgin glory of Italy, how should I attempt qualis ubi abruptis fugit praesaepia vinclis to thank you or repay you? But as your spirit tandem liber equus campoque potitus aperto soars beyond us all, share the task with me. aut ille in pastus armentaque tendit equarum Aeneas, so rumour says, and scouts sent out confirm, aut adsuetus aquae perfundi flumine noto has deployed his light cavalry to search the plains emicat adrectisque fremit cervicibus alte thoroughly: he himself climbing the ridge, marches luxurians luduntque iubae per colla per armos. through the desolate heights towards the town. Obvia cui Volscorum acie comitante Camilla I am preparing an ambush on a deep track in the woods, occurrit portisque ab equo regina sub ipsis so as to block both entrances to the gorge with armed men: desiluit quam tota cohors imitata relictis you must wait for the Etruscan cavalry charge: ad terram defluxit equis; tum talia fatur: brave Messapus will be with you, and the Latin troops, 'Turne sui merito siqua est fiducia forti and TiburtusÌs band, and you must take command as leader.Ì audeo et Aeneadum promitto occurrere turmae So he spoke, and exhorted Messapus and all the allied generals solaque Tyrrhenos equites ire obvia contra. to battle, with similar words, then moved against the enemy. Me sine prima manu temptare pericula belli ThereÌs a valley with a winding bend, suitable for the tricks tu pedes ad muros subsiste et moenia serva.' and stratagems of warfare, crowded on both sides Turnus ad haec oculos horrenda in virgine fixus: by a dark wall of dense leaves, to which a narrow track 'O decus Italiae virgo quas dicere grates leads: it has a confined floor, and a difficult entrance. quasve referre parem? Sed nunc est omnia quando Above it, among the look-outs of the high mountain tops, iste animus supra mecum partire laborem. lies a hidden level and a secure shelter, Aeneas ut fama fidem missique reportant whether one wishes to attack to right or left, exploratores equitum levia improbus arma or make a stand on the ridge and roll huge boulders down. praemisit quaterent campos; ipse ardua montis Here the warrior hurried by a well known network of paths per deserta iugo superans adventat ad urbem. and taking position he occupied the treacherous woods. Furta paro belli convexo in tramite silvae? ut bivias armato obsidam milite fauces. Tu Tyrrhenum equitem conlatis excipe signis; Meanwhile, in heavenÌs halls, Diana, LatonaÌs daughter, tecum acer Messapus erit turmaeque Latinae spoke to swift Opis, one of her sacred band of virgin Tiburtique manus ducis et tu concipe curam.' followers, and gave voice to these sorrowful words: Sic ait et paribus Messapum in proelia dictis ËO girl, Camilla, is going to the cruel war, and takes up hortatur sociosque duces et pergit in hostem. my weapons in vain. SheÌs dearer to me than all others, Est curvo anfractu valles adcommoda fraudi and this is no new love that comes to Diana, armorumque dolis quam densis frondibus atrum or moves my spirit with sudden sweetness. urget utrimque latus tenuis quo semita ducit When Metabus was driven from his throne by hatred angustaeque ferunt fauces aditusque maligni. of his tyrannical power, and was leaving Privernum, Hanc super in speculis summoque in vertice montis his ancient city, fleeing amidst the conflict of war, planities ignota iacet tutique receptus he took his child to share his exile, and, slightly altering seu dextra laevaque velis occurrere pugnae her motherÌs name Casmilla, called her Camilla. sive instare iugis et grandia volvere saxa. Carrying her in front of him at his breast he sought a long ridge Huc iuvenis nota fertur regione viarum of lonely forests: fierce weapons threatened him on every side, arripuitque locum et silvis insedit iniquis. and the Volscians hovered round him with their troops. While they were still in mid-flight, see, the Ausenus overflowed, Velocem interea superis in sedibus Opim foaming to the top of its banks, so great a downpour burst unam ex virginibus sociis sacraque caterva from the clouds. He, preparing to swim across, was held back compellabat et has tristis Latonia voces by love of his child, and fear for his dear burden. Quickly, ore dabat: 'Graditur bellum ad crudele Camilla debating all options with himself, he settled reluctantly O virgo et nostris nequiquam cingitur armis on this idea: the warrior fastened his daughter to the giant spear, cara mihi ante alias.' Neque enim novus iste Dianae solid with knots and of seasoned oak, he chanced to be carrying venit amor subitaque animum dulcedine movit. in his strong hand, wrapping her in the bark of a cork-tree Pulsus ob invidiam regno viresque superbas from the woods, and tying her wisely to the middle of the shaft: Priverno antiqua Metabus cum excederet urbe then balancing it in his mighty hand he cried out to the heavens: infantem fugiens media inter proelia belli ËKind virgin daughter of Latona, dweller in the woods, I her father sustulit exsilio comitem matrisque vocavit dedicate this child to your service: fleeing the enemy through the air, nomine Casmillae mutata parte Camillam. yours is the first weapon she clasps as a suppliant. Goddess I beg you Ipse sinu prae se portans iuga longa petebat to accept as your own this that I now commit to the uncertain breeze.Ì solorum nemorum: tela undique saeva premebant He spoke, and drawing back his arm hurled the spinning shaft: et circumfuso volitabant milite Volsci. the waters roared, and the wretched Camilla flew Ecce fugae medio summis Amasenus abundans over the rushing river on the hissing steel. And Metabus, spumabat ripis: tantus se nubibus imber with a great crowd of his enemies pressing him closely, ruperat. Ille innare parans infantis amore gave himself to the flood, and victoriously snatched his gift tardatur caroque oneri timet. Omnia secum to Diana from the grassy turf, the spear and the little maid. versanti subito vix haec sententia sedit. No city would accept him within their houses or their walls, Telum immane manu valida quod forte gerebat (nor would he in his savagery have given himself up to them) bellator solidum nodis et robore cocto he passed his life among shepherds on the lonely mountains. huic natam libro et silvestri subere clausam Here, among the thickets of savage lairs, he nourished implicat atque habilem mediae circumligat hastae; his child at the udders of a mare from the herd, and milk quam dextra ingenti librans ita ad aethera fatur: from wild creatures, squeezing the teats into her delicate mouth. 'Alma tibi hanc nemorum cultrix As soon as the infant had taken her first steps, ipse pater famulam voveo; tua prima per auras he placed a sharp lance in her hands, and hung tela tenens supplex hostem fugit. Accipe testor bow and quiver from the little oneÌs shoulder. diva tuam quae nunc dubiis committitur auris. A tigerÌs pelt hung over head and down her back Dixit et adducto contortum hastile lacerto instead of a gold clasp for her hair, and a long trailing robe. immittit: sonuere undae rapidum super amnem Even then she was hurling childish spears with tender hand, infelix fugit in iaculo stridente Camilla. whirling a smooth-thonged sling round her head, At Metabus magna propius iam urgente caterva bringing down Strymonian cranes and snowy swans. dat sese fluvio atque hastam cum virgine victor Many a mother in Etruscan fortresses wished for her gramineo donum Triviae de caespite vellit. as a daughter-in-law in vain: she, pure, content with Diana Non illum tectis ullae non moenibus urbes alone, cherished her love of her weapons and maidenhood. accepere neque ipse manus feritate dedisset: I wish she had not been swept up into such warfare, pastorum et solis exegit montibus aevom. trying to challenge the Trojans: she would be Hic natam in dumis interque horrentia lustra my darling, and one of my company still. armentalis equae mammis et lacte ferino Come now, nymph, since bitter fate drives her on, nutribat teneris immulgens ubera labris. slip from the sky and seek out the Latin borders, Utque pedum primis infans vestigia plantis where with evil omen they join in sad battle. institerat iaculo palmas armavit acuto Take these weapons and draw an avenging arrow from the quiver, spiculaque ex umero parvae suspendit et arcum. and if anyone violates her sacred flesh by wounding her, Pro crinali auro pro longae tegmine pallae Trojan or Italian, pay me with their equal punishment in blood. tigridis exuviae per dorsum a vertice pendent. Then IÌll carry the body and untouched weapons of the poor girl Tela manu iam tum tenera puerilia torsit in a cavernous cloud to a sepulchre, and bury her in her own land.Ì et fundam tereti circum caput egit habena She spoke, and Opis slid down with a sound through Strymoniamque gruem aut album deiecit olorem. heavenÌs light air, her body veiled in a dark whirlwind. Multae illam frustra Tyrrhena per oppida matres optavere nurum: sola contenta Diana aeternum telorum et virginitatis amorem In the meantime the Trojan band with the Etruscan intemerata colit. 'Vellem haud correpta fuisset leaders, and all the cavalry, approached the walls, militia tali conata lacessere Teucros: marshalled in squadrons troop by troop. Warhorses cara mihi comitumque foret nunc una mearum. neighing, cavorted over the whole area, fighting the tight rein, Verum age quandoquidem fatis urgetur acerbis prancing this way and that: the field bristled far and wide abere nympha polo finisque invise Latinos with the steel of spears, and the plain blazed with lifted weapons. tristis ubi infausto committitur omine pugna. On the other side, also, Messapus, and the swift Latins, Haec cape et ultricem pharetra deprome sagittam: Coras with his brother, and virgin CamillaÌs wing appeared, hac quicumque sacrum violarit volnere corpus opposing them on the plain, and drawing their right arms far back Tros Italusque mihi pariter det sanguine poenas. they thrust their lances forward, the spear-points quivered: Post ego nube cava miserandae corpus et arma the march of men and the neighing of horses increased. inspoliata feram tumulo patriaeque reponam.' And now both halted their advance within a spearÌs throw: Dixit; at illa levis caeli delapsa per auras they ran forward with a sudden shout and spurred on insonuit nigro circumdata turbine corpus. their maddened horses, spears showered from all sides at once as dense as snowflakes, and the sky was veiled in darkness. At manus interea muris Troiana propinquat Immediately Tyrrhenus and brave Aconteus charged Etruscique duces equitumque exercitus omnis each other, with levelled spears, and were the first to fall compositi numero in turmas. Fremit aequore toto with a mighty crash, shattering their horsesÌ breastbones insultans sonipes et pressis pugnat habenis as they collided: Aconteus, hurled like a thunderbolt huc conversus et huc; tum late ferreus hastis or a heavy stone shot from a catapult, was thrown horret ager campique armis sublimibus ardent. some distance, and wasted his breath of life on the air. Nec non Messapus contra celeresque Latini At once the ranks wavered, and the Latins slung their shields et cum fratre Coras et virginis ala Camillae behind them, and turned their mounts towards the walls. adversi campo apparent hastasque reductis The Trojans pursued, Asilas their leader heading the squadrons. protendunt longe dextris et spicula vibrant Now they were nearing the gates when the Latins again adventusque virum fremitusque ardescit equorum. raised a shout, and turned their horseÌs responsive necks: Iamque intra iactum teli progressus uterque the Trojans now fled, and retreated to a distance with loose reins, substiterat: subito erumpunt clamore furentisque like the sea running in with alternate waves, exhortantur equos; fundunt simul undique tela now rushing to shore, dashing over the rocks crebra nivis ritu caelumque obtexitur umbra. in a foaming flood, drenching the furthest sands Continuo adversis Tyrrhenus et acer Aconteus with its swell, now retreating quickly, sucking rolling conixi incurrunt hastis primique ruina pebbles in its wash, leaving dry sand as the shallows ebbed: dant sonitum ingenti perfractaque quadrupedantum twice the Tuscans drove the routed Rutulians to the city, twice, pectora pectoribus rumpunt: excussus Aconteus repulsed, they looked behind, defending their backs with their shields. fulminis in morem aut tormento ponderis acti But when they clashed in a third encounter their lines praecipitat longe et vitam dispergit in auras. locked tight, and man marked man, then truly, the battle Extemplo turbatae acies versique Latini swelled fiercely among the groans of the dying, reiciunt parmas et equos ad moenia vertunt. with weapons, bodies, and horses in their death-throes, Troes agunt princeps turmas inducit Asilas. in pools of blood, entangled with slaughtered riders. Iamque propinquabant portis rursusque Latini Orsilochus hurled a lance at RemulusÌs horse, fearing clamorem tollunt et mollia colla reflectunt: to attack the man, and left the point embedded beneath its ear: hi fugiunt penitusque datis referuntur habenis. The rearing charger, maddened by the blow, and unable to bear Qualis ubi alterno procurrens gurgite pontus the wound, lifted its chest, and thrashed high with its forelegs, nunc ruit ad terram scopulusque superiacit unda Remulus thrown clear, rolled on the ground. Catillus spumeus extremamque sinu perfundit arenam felled Iollas and Herminius, a giant in courage, a giant nunc rapidus retro atque aestu revoluta resorbens in torso and limbs, tawny hair on his head, his shoulders bare, saxa fugit litusque vado labente relinquit: for whom wounds held no terror he spread so wide in his armour. bis Tusci Rutulos egere ad moenia versos The driven spear passed quivering through his broad shoulders, bis reiecti armis respectant terga tegentes. and, piercing him, doubled him up with pain. Dark blood Tertia sed postquam congressi in proelia totas streamed everywhere: clashing with swords, they dealt death implicuere inter se acies legitque virum vir: and sought a glorious ending through their wounds. tum vero et gemitus morientum et sanguine in alto armaque corporaque et permixti caede virorum semianimes volvuntur equi pugna aspera surgit. But an Amazon exulted in the midst of the slaughter, Orsilochus Remuli quando ipsum horrebat adire with one breast bared for battle: Camilla, armed with her quiver: hastam intorsit equo ferrumque sub aure reliquit. now she showered sturdy javelins, scattering them from her hands, Quo sonipes ictu furit arduus altaque iactat now she lifted a strong battle-axe in her unwearied grasp: vulneris impatiens arrecto pectore crura: and DianaÌs weapon, a golden bow, rattled on her shoulder. volvitur ille excussus humi. Catillus Iollan Even when she retreated, attacked from behind, ingentemque animis ingentem corpore et armis she reversed her bow and fired arrows while fleeing. deicit Herminium nudo cui vertice fulva And around her were chosen comrades, virgin Larina, caesaries nudique umeri nec vulnera terrent: and Tulla, and Tarpeia wielding her axe of bronze, tantus in arma patet. Latos huic hasta per armos the Italides, daughters of Italy, whom noble Camilla acta tremit duplicatque virum transfixa dolore. chose herself as her glory, faithful servants in peace or war: Funditur ater ubique cruor; dant funera ferro such were the Amazons of Thrace, treading ThermodonÌs certantes pulchramque petunt per vulnera mortem. streams, and fighting with ornate weapons, around Hippolyte, or when Penthesilea returned, in her chariot, At medias inter caedes exsultat Amazon and the ranks of women with crescent shields exulted. unum exserta latus pugnae pharetrata Camilla Whom did you strike, first and last, with your spear, fierce girl? et nunc lenta manu spargens hastilia denset How many bodies did you spill over the earth? nunc validam dextra rapit indefessa bipennem; Euneus, son of Clytius, was the first, whose exposed chest aureus ex umero sonat arcus et arma Dianae. she pierced with her long shaft of pine, as he faced her. Illa etiam in tergum siquando pulsa recessit He fell, spewing streams of blood, and bit spicula converso fugientia dirigit arcu. the gory dust, and, dying, writhed on his wound. At circum lectae comites Larinaque virgo Then she killed Liris and Pagasus too, one gathering Tullaque et aeratam quatiens Tarpeia securem the reins of his wounded horse as he rolled from it, the other Italides quas ipsa decus sibi dia Camilla nearing to stretch out a defenceless hand to the falling man, delegit pacisque bonas bellique ministras: both flung headlong together. She added to them Amastrus, quales Threiciae cum flumina Thermodontis son of Hippotas, and, leaning forward to throw, sent her spear pulsant et pictis bellantur Amazones armis after Tereus, Harpalycus, Demophoon and Cromis: seu circum Hippolyten seu cum se Martia curru and as many spears as the girl sent spinning from her hand, Penthesilea refert magnoque ululante tumultu so many Trojan warriors fell. The huntsman Ornytus feminea exsultant lunatis agmina peltis. was riding far off, in unfamiliar armour, on his Iapygian Quem telo primum quem postremum aspera virgo horse, the hide stripped from a bullock covering his broad deicis? Aut quot humi morientia corpora fundis? shoulders, his head protected by a wolfÌs huge gaping mask, Eunaeum Clitio primum patre cuius apertum and white-toothed jaws, a rusticÌs hunting-spear in his hand: adversi longa transverberat abiete pectus: he moved along in the centre of the army, a full head sanguinis ille vomens rivos cadit atque cruentam above the rest. Catching him she struck him (no effort mandit humum moriensque suo se in volnere versat. in the routed ranks) then with pitiless heart spoke above him: Tum Lirim Pagasumque super; quorum alter habenas ËDid you think you chased prey in the forest, Tuscan? suffosso revolutus equo dum colligit alter The day is here that proves your words wrong, with dum subit ac dextram labenti tendit inermem a womanÌs weapons. But youÌll carry no small fame praecipites pariterque ruunt. His addit Amastrum to your fatherÌs shades, you fell to CamillaÌs spear.Ì Hippotaden sequiturque incumbens eminus hasta Then she killed Orsilochus and Butes, two of the largest Trojans, Tereaque Harpalycumque et Demophoonta Chrominque; Butes she fixed with a spear in the back, between quotque emissa manu contorsit spicula virgo breastplate and helmet, where the riderÌs neck tot Phrygii cecidere viri. Procul Ornytus armis gleams and the shield hangs from the left arm: ignotis et equo venator Iapyge fertur while fleeing from Orsilochus, chased in a wide circle, cui pellis latos umeros erepta iuvenco she eluded him, wheeling inside, pursuing the pursuer: pugnatori operit caput ingens oris hiatus then, lifting herself higher, drove her strong axe, again and again, et malae texere lupi cum dentibus albis through armour and bone, as he begged and prayed desperately: agrestisque manus armat sparus; ipse catervis the wounds staining his face with warm brain-matter. vertitur in mediis et toto vertice supra est. Now the warrior son of Aunus, met her, and suddenly Hunc illa exceptum neque enim labor agmine verso halted, terrified at the sight, he a man of the Apennines, traicit et super haec inimico pectore fatur: not the least of the lying Ligurians while fate allowed it. 'Silvis te Tyrrhene feras agitare putasti? When he saw he couldnÌt escape a fight by a turn of speed, Advenit qui vestra dies muliebribus armis or divert the queen from her attack, he tried to devise verba redarguerit. Nomen tamen haud leve patrum a stratagem with wit and cunning, as follows: manibus hoc referes telo cecidisse Camillae.' ËWhatÌs so great about relying on a strong horse, woman? Protinus Orsilochum et Buten duo maxima Teucrum Forget flight, and trust yourself to fighting me corpora sed Buten aversum cuspide fixit on level ground, equip yourself to battle on foot: loricam galeamque inter qua colla sedentis youÌll soon know whose windy boastingÌs an illusion.Ì lucent et laevo dependet parma lacerto He spoke, and she, raging and burning with bitter resentment, Orsilochum fugiens magnumque agitata per orbem handed her horse to a friend, and faced him with equal weapons. eludit gyro interior sequiturque sequentem on foot and unafraid, with naked sword and plain shield. tum validam perque arma viro perque ossa securim But the youth, sure he had won by guile, sped off altior exsurgens oranti et multa precanti (instantly), flicking his reins, took to flight, congeminat: vulnus calido rigat ora cerebro. pricking his horse to a gallop with spurs of steel. Incidit huic subitoque aspectu territus haesit The girl shouted: ËStupid Ligurian, uselessly vaunting Appenninicolae bellator filius Auni your boastful spirit, youÌve tried your slippery native wiles haud Ligurum extremus dum fallere fata sinebant. in vain, and cunning wonÌt carry you back to Aunus unharmed.Ì Isque ubi se nullo iam cursu evadere pugnae And like lightening she intercepted the horseÌs path, on swift feet, posse neque instantem reginam avertere cernit and seizing the reins from in front tackled him, and took vengeance consilio versare dolos ingressus et astu on the blood she hated: as light as a falcon, ApolloÌs sacred bird, incipit haec: 'Quid tam egregium si femina forti swooping from a tall rock, overtaking a dove in flight in the high cloud, fidis equo? Dimitte fugam et te comminus aequo holding her in its talons, and tearing her heart out with its curved talons: mecum crede solo pugnaeque adcinge pedestri: while blood and torn feathers shower from the sky. iam nosces ventosa ferat cui gloria fraudem.' Dixit at illa furens acrique adcensa dolore tradit equum comiti paribusque resistit in armis But the father of gods and men with watchful eyes ense pedes nudo puraque interrita parma. sat throned on high Olympus observing it all. At iuvenis vicisse dolo ratus avolat ipse The maker stirred the Etruscan, Tarchon, to fierce battle haud mora conversisque fugax aufertur habenis and goaded him to anger with no gentle spur. quadrupedemque citum ferrata calce fatigat. So Tarchon rode amidst the slaughter and the wavering ranks, 'Vane Ligus frustraque animis elate superbis inciting his squadrons with varied shouts, and calling nequiquam patrias temptasti lubricus artis each man by name, rallying the routed to the fight. nec fraus te incolumem fallaci perferet Auno ' ËWhat fear, what utter cowardice has filled your hearts, haec fatur virgo et pernicibus ignea plantis O, you ever-sluggish Tuscans, O you who are never ashamed? transit equum cursu frenisque adversa prehensis Can a woman drive you in disorder and turn your ranks? congreditur poenasque inimico ex sanguine sumit: Why do we bear swords and spears idle in our right hands? quam facile accipiter saxo sacer ales ab alto But you are not slow to love or for nocturnal battles, nor when consequitur pennis sublimem in nube columbam the curved pipe proclaims the Bacchic dance. Wait then for the feast comprensamque tenet pedibusque eviscerat uncis; and wine-cups on the loaded tables, (that is your passion tum cruor et vulsae labuntur ab aethere plumae. and your pleasure) while the happy seer reports the sacred omens, and the rich sacrifice calls you into the deep grove!Ì At non haec nullis hominum sator atque deorum So saying, and ready to die, he spurred his mount into the press, observans oculis summo sedet altus Olympo: tore at Venulus like a whirlwind, and snatched him from his horse, Tyrrhenum genitor Tarchonem in proelia saeva and, clasping his enemy to his chest with his right arm, suscitat et stimulis haud mollibus incitat iras. and stirring himself to a mighty effort, carried him off. Ergo inter caedes cedentiaque agmina Tarchon A shout rose to the skies and all the Latins turned their gaze fertur equo variisque instigat vocibus alas that way. Tarchon flew over the plain like lightning, nomine quemque vocans reficitque in proelia pulsos. carrying weapons and man: then he broke of the iron tip 'Quis metus O numquam dolituri O semper inertes of his enemyÌs spear, and searched for an unguarded opening Tyrrheni quae tanta animis ignavia venit? where he might deal a deadly wound: Venulus, struggling with him, Femina palantis agit atque haec agmina vertit! kept the hand from his throat, meeting force with force. Quo ferrum quidve haec gerimus tela inrita dextris? As when a tawny eagle soaring high carries a snake it has caught, At non in Venerem segnes nocturnaque bella entwined in its feet, with talons clinging, while the wounded serpent aut ubi curva choros indixit tibia Bacchi writhes in sinuous coils, and rears its bristling scales, hissing exspectate dapes et plenae pocula mensae with its mouth as it rises up, and none the less attacks hic amor hoc studium dum sacra secundus haruspex its struggling prey, with curved beak, while its wings beat the air: nuntiet ac lucos vocet hostia pinguis in altos!' so Tarchon carried his prize in triumph from the Tiburtian ranks. Haec effatus equum in medios moriturus et ipse Emulating their leaderÌs example and success, the Etruscans charged. concitat et Venulo adversum se turbidus infert And now Arruns, a man whose life was owed to the fates, dereptumque ab equo dextra complectitur hostem began to circle swift Camilla, with his javelin, et gremium ante suum multa vi concitus aufert. with skilful cunning, trying for the easiest of chances. Tollitur in caelum clamor cunctique Latini Wherever the girl rode among the ranks, in her fury, convertere oculos. Volat igneus aequore Tarchon there Arruns shadowed her, and followed her track in silence: arma virumque ferens; tum summa ipsius ab hasta wherever she returned in triumph or withdrew from the foe, defringit ferrum et partis rimatur apertas there the youth secretly turned his quick reins. qua vulnus letale ferat; contra ille repugnans He tried this approach and that, travelling the whole circuit sustinet a iugulo dextram et vim viribus exit. on every side, relentlessly brandishing his sure spear. Utque volans alte raptum cum fulva draconem fert aquila implicuitque pedes atque unguibus haesit saucius at serpens sinuosa volumina versat It chanced that Chloreus, once a priest, sacred to Cybele, adrectisque horret squamis et sibilat ore glittered some distance away splendid in Phrygian armour, arduus insurgens; illa haud minus urget obunco spurring his foam-flecked horse, that a hide, plumed luctantem rostro simul aethera verberat alis: with bronze scales, and clasped with gold, protected. haud aliter praedam Tiburtum ex agmine Tarchon He himself, shining with deep colours and foreign purple, portat ovans. Ducis exemplum eventumque secuti fired Gortynian arrows from a Lycian bow: Maeonidae incurrunt. Tum fatis debitus Arruns the weapon was golden on his shoulder, and golden velocem iaculo et multa prior arte Camillam the seerÌs helm: his saffron cloak and its rustling folds of linen circuit et quae sit fortuna facillima temptat. were gathered into a knot with yellow gold, his tunic Qua se cumque furens medio tulit agmine virgo and barbaric leg-coverings embroidered by the needle. hac Arruns subit et tacitus vestigia lustrat; The virgin huntress singling him out from all the press qua victrix redit illa pedemque ex hoste reportat of battle, either hoping to hang his Trojan weapons hac iuvenis furtim celeris detorquet habenas. in the temple, or to display herself in captured gold, Hos aditus iamque hos aditus omnemque pererrat pursued him blindly, and raged recklessly through the ranks, undique circuitum et certam quatit improbus hastam. with a feminine desire for prizes and spoil, Forte sacer Cybelo Chloreus olimque sacerdos when Arruns, finally seizing his chance, raised his spear insignis longe Phrygiis fulgebat in armis from ambush and prayed aloud, like this, to heaven: spumantemque agitabat equum quem pellis aenis ËHighest of gods, Apollo, guardian of holy Soracte, in plumam squamis auro conserta tegebat. whose chief followers are we for whom the blaze of the pine-wood Ipse peregrina ferrugine clarus et ostro fire is fed, and who as worshippers, confident in our faith, spicula torquebat Lycio Gortynia cornu; plant our steps on deep embers among the flames, aureus ex umeris erat arcus et aurea vati all-powerful father grant that this shame be effaced cassida; tum croceam chlamydemque sinusque crepantis by our weapons. I seek no prize, no trophy of the girlÌs defeat, carbaseos fulvo in nodum collegerat auro no spoils: some other deed will bring me fame: pictus acu tunicas et barbara tegmina crurum. only let this dreadful scourge fall wounded under my blow, Hunc virgo sive ut templis praefigeret arma and IÌll return without glory to the cities of my ancestors.Ì Troia captivo sive ut se ferret in auro Phoebus heard him, and granted the success of half the prayer venatrix unum ex omni certamine pugnae in his mind, half he scattered on the passing breeze: he agreed caeca sequebatur totumque incauta per agmen to the prayer that Arruns might bring Camilla to sudden deathÌs ruin: femineo praedae et spoliorum ardebat amore but did not grant that his noble country should see him return, telum ex insidiis cum tandem tempore capto and the gusts carried his words away on the southerly winds. concitat et superos Arruns sic voce precatur: So as the spear whistled through the air, speeding from his hand, 'Summe deum sancti custos Soractis Apollo all the Volscians turned their eager eyes and minds quem primi colimus cui pineus ardor acervo towards the queen. She herself noticed neither breeze pascitur et medium freti pietate per ignem nor sound, nor the weapon falling from the sky, cultores multa premimus vestigia pruna till the spear went home, fixing itself under her naked da pater hoc nostris aboleri dedecus armis breast, and driven deep, drank of her virgin blood. omnipotens. Non exuvias pulsaeve tropaeum Her friends rushed to her anxiously and caught virginis aut spolia ulla peto (mihi cetera laudem their falling queen. Arruns, more fearful than the rest, facta ferent): haec dira meo dum vulnere pestis fled in joy and terror, not daring to trust pulsa cadat patrias remeabo inglorius urbes. his spear further, or meet the virginÌs weapons. Audiit et voti Phoebus succedere partem And as a wolf that has killed a shepherd, or a great bullock, mente dedit partem volucris dispersit in auras: immediately hides itself deep in the pathless mountains sterneret ut subita turbatam morte Camillam before the hostile spears can reach it, conscious adnuit oranti; reducem ut patria alta videret of its audacious actions, and holds its lowered tail non dedit inque Notos vocem vertere procellae. quivering between its legs, as it heads for the woods: Ergo ut missa manu sonitum dedit hasta per auras so Arruns, in turmoil, stole away from sight, convertere animos acris oculosque tulere and, content to escape, plunged into the midst of the army. cuncti ad reginam Volsci. Nihil ipsa nec aurae Camilla tugged at the weapon with dying hands, nec sonitus memor aut venientis ab aethere teli but the iron point was fixed between the bones, hasta sub exsertam donec perlata papillam near the ribs, deep in the wound. She sank back haesit virgineumque alte bibit acta cruorem. bloodless, her eyes sank, chill with death, Concurrunt trepidae comites dominamque ruentem the once radiant colour had left her cheeks. suscipiunt. Fugit ante omnis exterritus Arruns Then, expiring, she spoke to Acca, one of her peers, faithful laetitia mixtoque metu nec iam amplius hastae to Camilla beyond all others, sole sharer of her sorrows, credere nec telis occurrere virginis audet. and uttered these words to her: ËAcca, my sister, Ac velut ille prius quam tela inimica sequantur my strength lasted this far: now the bitter wound continuo in montis sese avius abdidit altos exhausts me, and all around me darkens with shadows. occiso pastore lupus magnove iuvenco Fly, and carry my final commands to Turnus: he must take conscius audacis facti caudamque remulcens my place in the battle, and keep the Trojans from the city. subiecit pavitantem utero silvasque petivit: Now farewell.Ì With these words she let go the reins, slipping haud secus ex oculis se turbidus abstulit Arruns helplessly to earth. Then, little by little, growing cold she loosed contentusque fuga mediis se immiscuit armis. herself from her body completely, dipping the unresponsive neck Illa manu moriens telum trahit ossa sed inter and that head death had seized, letting go her weapons, ferreus ad costas alto stat vulnere mucro: and with a sob her life fled angrily to the shades below. labitur exsanguis labuntur frigida leto Then indeed an immense shout rose, reaching lumina purpureus quondam color ora reliquit. the golden stars: with Camilla fallen, the battle swelled: Tum sic exspirans Accam ex aequalibus unam the Trojan host, the Etruscan leaders, and EvanderÌs adloquitur fidam ante alias quae sola Camillae Arcadian squadrons rushed on in a mass together. quicum partiri curas; atque haec ita fatur: 'Hactenus Acca soror potui: nunc vulnus acerbum conficit et tenebris nigrescunt omnia circum. Now Opis, DianaÌs sentinel, had been seated there Effuge et haec Turno mandata novissima perfer: on a mountain, for a long time, watching the battle fearlessly. succedat pugnae Troianosque arceat urbe. And when she saw far off, amongst the clamour of raging armies, Iamque vale.' Simul his dictis linquebat habenas that Camilla had paid the penalty of death, she sighed ad terram non sponte fluens. Tum frigida toto and uttered these words from the depths of her heart: paulatim exsolvit se corpore lentaque colla ËAh too cruel, virgin girl, too cruel the sacrifice et captum leto posuit caput arma relinquunt you have made, for trying to challenge the Trojans in war! vitaque cum gemitu fugit indignata sub umbras. It has not helped you that you worshipped Diana Tum vero immensus surgens ferit aurea clamor in the lonely woods and wore our quiver on your shoulder. sidera: deiecta crudescit pugna Camilla Yet your queen has not left you without honour now incurrunt densi simul omnis copia Teucrum in the extremes of death, nor will your loss be without fame Tyrrhenique duces Evandrique Arcades alae. among the people, nor will you suffer the infamy of dying un-avenged. For whoever desecrated your body with this wound At Triviae custos iamdudum in montibus Opis will pay the price of death.Ì An earthen mound, covered alta sedet summis spectatque interrita pugnas. with shadowy holm-oak, stood beneath the high mountain, Utque procul medio iuvenum in clamore furentum the vast tomb of Dercennus, an ancient Laurentine king: prospexit tristi multatam morte Camillam here the loveliest of goddesses, after swift flight, first set foot ingemuitque deditque has imo pectore voces: and caught sight of Arruns from the high tumulus. 'Heu nimium virgo nimium crudele luisti When she saw him shining in armour, swollen with pride, supplicium Teucros conata lacessere bello! she cried: ËWhy go so far away? Turn your steps here, Nec tibi desertae in dumis coluisse Dianam come this way to destruction, and receive your reward, profuit aut nostras umero gessisse sagittas. worthy of Camilla. May even you not die by DianaÌs weapons?Ì Non tamen indecorem tua te regina reliquit She spoke: then the Thracian goddess took a winged arrow extrema iam in morte neque hoc sine nomine letum from her golden quiver, and stretched the bow in anger, per gentis erit aut famam patieris inultae. drawing it far back, until the curving horns met, Nam quicumque tuum violavit vulnere corpus and now with levelled arms she touched the steel tip morte luet merita.' Fuit ingens monte sub alto with her left hand, and her breast and the bow-string with her right. regis Dercenni terreno ex aggere bustum At the same moment as Arruns heard the hissing dart, antiqui Laurentis opacaque ilice tectum: and the rushing air, both one, the steel was fixed in his body. hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu His allies, oblivious, left him on the unmemorable dust sistit et Arruntem tumulo speculatur ab alto. of the plain, gasping and groaning in extremity: Ut vidit laetantem animis ac vana tumentem while Opis winged her way to heavenly Olympus. 'Cur ' inquit 'diversus abis? Huc dirige gressum CamillaÌs light cavalry were first to flee, their mistress lost, huc periture veni capias ut digna Camillae the Rutulians fled in turmoil, brave Atinas fled, praemia. Tune etiam telis moriere Dianae?' scattered leaders and abandoned troops sought safety, dixit et aurata volucrem Threissa sagittam and, wheeling their horses about, headed for the walls. deprompsit pharetra cornuque infensa tetendit No one could check the pursuing, death-dealing et duxit longe donec curvata coirent Trojans with weapons, or stand against them inter se capita et manibus iam tangeret aequis but slung their unstrung bows on bowed shoulders, laeva aciem ferri dextra nervoque papillam. and their horsesÌ hooves shook the crumbling earth in flight. Extemplo teli stridorem aurasque sonantis A cloud of dark murky dust rolled towards the walls, audiit una Arruns haesitque in corpore ferrum. and mothers, from the watchtowers, raised the womensÌ Illum exspirantem socii atque extrema gementem cry to the stars in heaven, as they beat their breasts. obliti ignoto camporum in pulvere linquunt The enemy host pressed hard on those who first broke at speed Opis ad aetherium pennis aufertur Olympum. through the open gates, mixing with their lines, so they did not escape a pitiful death, but, pierced through, gasped away their lives Prima fugit domina amissa levis ala Camillae; on the very threshold, their countryÌs walls around them, within turbati fugiunt Rutuli fugit acer Atinas the shelter of their houses. Some closed the gates, and dared not disiectique duces desolatique manipli open a path for their friends or let them inside the walls, tuta petunt et equis aversi ad moenia tendunt. though they begged, and the most pitiful death followed, of those Nec quisquam instantis Teucros letumque ferentis defending the entrance in arms, and those rushing onto the swords. sustentare valet telis aut sistere contra Some driven by the rout, shut out, in front of the gaze sed laxos referunt umeris languentibus arcus and the weeping faces of their parents, rolled headlong quadrupedumque putrem cursu quatit ungula campum. into the ditches, others charging blindly with loose reins Volvitur ad muros caligine turbidus atra battered at the gates and the tough gate-posts barring their way. pulvis et e speculis percussae pectora matres The women themselves when they saw Camilla from the walls femineum clamorem ad caeli sidera tollunt. in fierce emulation (true love of country guided them) Qui cursu portas primi inrupere patentis threw weapons with their weak hands, and in their haste hos inimica super mixto premit agmine turba; used poles of tough oak and fire-hardened stakes instead of steel, nec miseram effugiunt mortem sed limine in ipso and were ablaze to die in the forefront defending the walls. moenibus in patriis atque inter tuta domorum Meanwhile in the forest, the bitterest of messages filled TurnusÌs confixi exspirant animas. Pars claudere portas: thoughts: Acca had brought the warrior her news of the mighty rout: nec sociis aperire viam nec moenibus audent the Volscian ranks annihilated, Camilla killed, the enemy accipere orantis oriturque miserrima caedes advancing fiercely, sweeping all before them defendentum armis aditus inque arma ruentum. in the fortune of war, panic now reaching the city. Exclusi ante oculos lacrumantumque ora parentum Maddened he abandoned the ambush among the hills pars in praecipitis fossas urgente ruina (so JoveÌs cruel will demanded) and left the wild forest. volvitur immissis pars caeca et concita frenis He had scarcely passed from view, in reaching the plain, arietat in portas et duros obice postis. when Aeneas, the leader, mounted the ridge, after entering Ipsae de muris summo certamine matres the unguarded gorge, and emerging from the dense woods. monstrat amor verus patriae ut videre Camillam So they both marched quickly towards the walls, tela manu trepidae iaciunt ac robore duro in full force, and with no great distance between them: stipitibus ferrum sudibusque imitantur obustis and at that moment Aeneas saw the plain, far off, praecipites primaeque mori pro moenibus ardent. smoking with dust, and caught sight of the Laurentine army, and Turnus realised that fatal Aeneas was in arms, Interea Turnum in silvis saevissimus implet and heard the march of feet, and the sound of horses. nuntius et iuveni ingentem fert Acca tumultum: They would have joined battle at once and attempted combat, deletas Volscorum acies cecidisse Camillam but rosy Phoebus was already bathing his weary team ingruere infensos hostis et Marte secundo in the Spanish deeps, and, day waning, brought back the night. omnia corripuisse metum iam ad moenia ferri. They camped before the city, and strengthened their defences. Ille furens et saeva Iovis sic numina pellunt deserit obsessos collis nemora aspera linquit. When Turnus saw the Latins exhausted, and weakened Vix e conspectu exierat campumque tenebat by their military reverse, himself the subject of every gaze, his own cum pater Aeneas saltus ingressus apertos promise to them yet unfulfilled, he burned implacably, exsuperatque iugum silvaque evadit opaca. and unprompted, and raised his courage. As a lion, in the African Sic ambo ad muros rapidi totoque feruntur bush, severely hurt by huntsmen with a wound to the chest, agmine nec longis inter se passibus absunt; only then rouses himself to battle, tosses his shaggy mane ac simul Aeneas fumantis pulvere campos over his neck, in joy, and, unafraid, snaps off the spear prospexit longe Laurentiaque agmina vidit some poacher has planted in him, roaring from blood-stained jaws: et saevum Aenean adgnovit Turnus in armis so the violence grew in TurnusÌs inflamed heart. adventumque pedum flatusque audivit equorum. Then he spoke to the king, beginning turbulently like this: Continuoque ineant pugnas et proelia temptent ËThereÌs no reluctance here, in Turnus: thereÌs no reason ni roseus fessos iam gurgite Phoebus Hibero for AeneasÌs coward crew to take back their words tinguat equos noctemque die labente reducat: or renounce their pact: I go to meet him. Carry out considunt castris ante urbem et moenia vallant. the holy rite, father, and draw up the marriage contract. IÌll either send this Trojan, this Asian deserter, TURNUS ut infractos adverso Marte Latinos to Tartarus, (let the Latins sit and watch) and defecisse videt sua nunc promissa reposci with my sword, alone, dispel the nationÌs shame, se signari oculis ultro implacabilis ardet or let him possess the defeated, let Lavinia go then as his bride.Ì attollitque animos. Poenorum qualis in arvis Latinus replied to him with calm in his heart: saucius ille gravi venantum vulnere pectus ËO youth of noble spirit, the more you excel tum demum movet arma leo gaudetque comantis in fierce courage, the more it is right for me to take excutiens cervice toros fixumque latronis careful thought, and weigh every event with caution. inpavidus frangit telum et fremit ore cruento: You have your father DaunusÌs kingdom, you have haud secus adcenso gliscit violentia Turno. the many fortresses you captured by force, Tum sic adfatur regem atque ita turbidus infit: and Latinus is not short of gold and generosity: 'Nulla mora in Turno; nihil est quod dicta retractent there are other unmarried girls, not ignoble in birth, ignavi Aeneadae nec quae pepigere recusent. in the fields of Latium and Laurentium. Allow me to say this, Congredior fer sacra pater un-gently, openly stripped of all guile, and take it to heart: Aut hac Dardanium dextra sub Tartara mittam it was forbidden for me to ally my daughter to any desertorem Asiae (sedeant spectentque Latini) of her former suitors, and all gods and men decreed it. et solus ferro crimen commune refellam Conquered by love for you, conquered by kinship, and the tears aut habeat victos cedat Lavinia coniunx.' of a sorrowful wife, I broke all bounds: I snatched the betrothed girl from my son-in-law to be, and drew the impious sword. Olli sedato respondit corde Latinus: You see, Turnus, what events, what war dogs me, 'O praestans animi iuvenis quantum ipse feroci what a heavy burden you above all bear. virtute exsuperas tanto me impensius aequum est Defeated in two great battles we can hardly preserve consulere atque omnis metuentem expendere casus. the hopes of Italy in our city: TiberÌs streams are yet warm Sunt tibi regna patris Dauni sunt oppida capta with our blood, the vast plains whitened by our bones. multa manu nec non aurumque animusque Latino est; Why did I waver so often? What madness changed my decision? sunt aliae innuptae Latio et Laurentibus arvis If IÌd be ready to accept the Trojans as allies with Turnus nec genus indecores. Sine me haec haud mollia fatu dead, why not rather end the conflict while heÌs alive? sublatis aperire dolis simul hoc animo hauri. What would your Rutulian kin say, and the rest of Italy, Me natam nulli veterum sociare procorum if I betrayed you to death (let chance deny those words!) fas erat idque omnes divique hominesque canebant. while seeking my daughter in marriage? Victus amore tui cognato sanguine victus Consider the fortunes of war: pity your aged father, coniugis et maestae lacrumis vincla omnia rupi: whom his native Ardea keeps apart from us, sorrowing.Ì promissam eripui genero arma impia sumpsi. TurnusÌs fury was unaffected by these words: Ex illo qui me casus quae Turne it mounted higher, inflamed by the treatment. bella vides quantos primus patiare labores. As soon as he was able to speak, he began like this: Bis magna victi pugna vix urbe tuemur ËMost gracious one, that concern you feel for me, I beg you, spes Italas; recalent nostro Thybrina fluenta for me, set it aside, and allow me to barter death for glory. sanguine adhuc campique ingentes ossibus albent. I too can scatter spears and no lack of steel, from my hand, Quo referor totiens? Quae mentem insania mutat? father, and blood flows from the wounds I make as well. Si Turno exstincto socios sum adscire paratus His goddess mother will be far from him, she who covers cur non incolumi potius certamina tollo? his flight with mist, like a woman, and hides in empty shadows.Ì Quid consanguinei Rutuli quid cetera dicet Italia ad mortem si te---Fors dicta refutet!--- prodiderim natam et conubia nostra petentem? But the queen wept, terrified by the new terms of conflict, Respice res bello varias; miserere parentis and clung to her ardent son, as if she were dying: longaevi quem nunc maestum patria Ardea longe ËTurnus, one thing I beg of you, by these tears, by any respect dividit.' Haudquaquam dictis violentia Turni for Amata that touches your heart: you are my only hope, flectitur: exsuperat magis aegrescitque medendo. the peace of my sad old age, the honour and power of Latinus Ut primum fari potuit sic institit ore: is in your hands, our whole tottering house rests on you: 'Quam pro me curam geris hanc precor optime do not engage in combat with the Trojans. deponas letumque sinas pro laude pacisci: Whatever danger awaits you in that battle awaits me too, et nos tela pater ferrumque haud debile dextra Turnus: I would leave this hateful light with you spargimus; et nostro sequitur de volnere sanguis. and will never, as a prisoner, see Aeneas as my son-in-law.Ì longe illi dea mater erit quae nube fugacem Lavinia listened to her motherÌs words, her burning feminea tegat et vanis sese occulat umbris.' cheeks wet with tears, while a deep blush kindled their fire, and spread over her glowing face. At regina nova pugnae conterrita sorte Her virgin looks showed such colour as when one flebat et ardentem generum monitura tenebat: stains Indian ivory with crimson dye, or as 'Turne per has ego te lacrimas per siquis Amatae white lilies redden when mixed with many a rose. tangit honos animum (spes tu nunc una senectae Love stirred Turnus, and he fixed his gaze on the girl: tu requies miserae decus imperiumque Latini fired still more for battle, he spoke briefly to Amata: te penes in te omnis domus inclinata recumbit). ËO mother, I beg you not to send me off with tears, unum oro: desiste manum committere Teucris. or like ill omens, as I leave for the battles of a bitter war: Qui te cumque manent isto certamine casus Turnus is not free to delay his hour of death. et me Turne manent: simul haec invisa relinquam Idmon, as a messenger, carry my unwelcome words lumina nec generum Aenean captiva videbo.' to the Trojan leader. When tomorrowÌs Dawn, riding Accepit vocem lacrimis Lavinia matris her crimson chariot, reddens in the sky, do not lead flagrantis perfusa genas quoi plurimus ignem Trojans against Rutulians, let Trojan and Rutulian subiecit rubor et calefacta per ora cucurrit. weapons rest: let us resolve this war with our own blood, Indum sanguineo veluti violaverit ostro on that field let Lavinia be sought as bride.Ì siquis ebur aut mixta rubent ubi lilia multa alba rosa: talis virgo dabat ore colores. Illum turbat amor figitque in virgine voltus: When he had spoken, and returned quickly to the palace, he called ardet in arma magis paucisque adfatur Amatam. for his horses, and delighted in seeing them, neighing before him, 'Ne quaeso ne me lacrimis neve omine tanto horses Orithyia herself gave Pilumnus, as a glory, prosequere in duri certamina Martis euntem surpassing the snow in whiteness, and the wind for speed. O mater; neque enim Turno mora libera mortis. Their charioteers stood around eagerly patting their echoing chests, Nuntius haec Idmon Phrygio mea dicta tyranno with the flat of their hands, and combing their flowing manes. haud placitura refer: cum primum crastina caelo Turnus drew a breastplate, stiff with gold and pale bronze, puniceis invecta rotis Aurora rubebit over his shoulders, fitted his sword and shield in position, non Teucros agat in Rutulos Teucrum arma quiescant and the horns with their crimson crest: the god with the power et Rutuli; nostro dirimamus sanguine bellum of fire had wrought the sword for his father, Daunus, illo quaeratur coniunx Lavinia campo.' and dipped it, glowing, in the waters of the Styx. Then Turnus gripped his strong spear firmly, that stood Haec ubi dicta dedit rapidusque in tecta recessit. leaning on a great column in the middle of the hall, poscit equos gaudetque tuens ante ora frementis a spoil won from the Auruncan, Actor, shook it till it quivered Pilumno quos ipsa decus dedit Orithyia and shouted: ËNow, o spear that never failed my call, qui candore nives anteirent cursibus auras. now the time has come: Actor, the mightiest, carried you, Circumstant properi aurigae manibusque lacessunt and now the right hand of Turnus: allow me to lay low pectora plausa cavis et colla comantia pectunt. the body of that Phrygian eunuch, tear off and shatter Ipse dehinc auro squalentem alboque orichalco his breastplate with my powerful hand, and defile his hair circumdat loricam umeris; simul aptat habendo with dust, thatÌs curled with a heated iron, and drowned in myrrh.Ì ensemque clipeumque et rubrae cornua cristae. He was driven by frenzy, glowing sparks shot ensem quem Dauno ignipotens deus ipse parenti from his whole aspect, fire flashed from his fierce eyes, fecerat et Stygia candientem tinxerat unda. like a bull, before a fight, that starts its formidable Exin quae mediis ingenti adnixa columnae bellowing and, trying its anger with its horns, aedibus adstabat validam vi corripit hastam charges a tree-trunk, lashes the air with its blows, Actoris Aurunci spolium quassatque trementem and scatters the sand, as it practises for the battle. vociferans: 'Nunc O numquam frustrata vocatus Meanwhile Aeneas, no less fierce, armed with the weapons, hasta meos nunc tempus adest: te maximus Actor his motherÌs gift, sharpened himself for conflict, and roused te Turni nunc dextra gerit. Da sternere corpus his anger, happy the war might be settled by the means on offer. loricamque manu valida lacerare revulsam Then he comforted his friends, and IulusÌs anxious fears, semiviri Phrygis et foedare in pulvere crinis speaking of destiny, and ordered them to take a firm reply vibratos calido ferro murraque madentis.' to King Latinus, and declare his conditions for peace. His agitur furiis; totoque ardentis ab ore scintillae absistunt oculis micat acribus ignis: mugitus veluti cum prima in proelia taurus The next dawn had scarcely begun to sprinkle the mountain terrificos ciet atque irasci in cornua temptat summits with its rays, at that time when the horses of the sun arboris obnixus trunco ventosque lacessit first rise from the deep ocean, and breathe light from lifted nostrils: ictibus aut sparsa ad pugnam proludit harena. the Rutulians and Trojans had measured out the field of combat, under the massive walls of the city, Nec minus interea maternis saevos in armis and were preparing hearths and turf altars for their mutual gods. Aeneas acuit Martem et se suscitat ira Others wearing priestÌs aprons, their foreheads wreathed oblato gaudens componi foedere bellum with vervain, brought spring water and fiery embers. tum socios maestique metum solatur Iuli The Ausonian army marched out, and their ranks, armed fata docens regique iubet responsa Latino with spears, poured through the crowded gates. All the host certa referre viros et pacis dicere leges. of Trojans and Tuscans streamed out on the other side, arrayed in their various armour, equipped with steel, as if the bitter conflict Postera vix summos spargebat lumine montis of war called out to them. And the captains too, among their many orta dies cum primum alto se gurgite tollunt thousands, darted about, brilliant in gold and purple, solis equi lucemque elatis naribus efflant: Mnestheus of AssaracusÌs line, brave Asilas, campum ad certamen magnae sub moenibus urbis and Messapus, tamer of horses, son of Neptune. dimensi Rutulique viri Teucrique parabant As soon as each had retired to their own ground, at the given signal, in medioque focos et dis communibus aras they planted their spears in the earth, and leant their shields on them. gramineas. Alii fontemque ignemque ferebant Then women, and weak old men, and the unarmed crowd, velati limo et verbena tempora vincti. poured out eagerly, and gathered on towers Procedit legio Ausonidum pilataque plenis and rooftops, or stood on the summit of the gates. agmina se fundunt portis. Hinc Troius omnis But Juno, gazed at the plain, looking from the top of a hill Tyrrhenusque ruit variis exercitus armis (called Alban now, then without name, honour or glory) haud secus instructi ferro quam si aspera Martis at the twin ranks of Laurentum and Troy, and LatinusÌs city. pugna vocet; nec non mediis in milibus ipsi Immediately, goddess to goddess, she spoke to TurnusÌs sister, ductores auro volitant ostroque decori who ruled over lakes and echoing rivers (Jupiter, the king et genus Assaraci Mnestheus et fortis Asilas of high heaven, gave her that honour for stealing her virginity): et Messapus equum domitor Neptunia proles. ËNymph, glory of rivers, dearest of all to my heart, Utque dato signo spatia in sua quisque recessit you know how IÌve preferred you alone of all the Latin girls defigunt tellure hastas et scuta reclinant. whoÌve mounted unwelcome to the couch of great-hearted Jove, Tum studio effusae matres et volgus inermum and I have freely granted you a place in a part of the sky: invalidique senes turris ac tecta domorum lest you blame me, Juturna, learn of impending grief. obsedere alii portis sublimibus adstant. Whenever Fortune allowed, and the Fates permitted the Latin state to prosper, I protected Turnus and your city. At Iuno e summo qui nunc Albanus habetur Now I see a warrior meeting with an unequal destiny, tum neque nomen erat nec honos aut gloria monti and a day of Fate and inimical force draws near. prospiciens tumulo campum aspectabat et ambas I cannot look at this combat, they agreed to, with my eyes. Laurentum Troumque acies urbemque Latini. If you dare do anything more for your brother in person, Extemplo Turni sic est adfata sororem go on: itÌs fitting. Perhaps better things will follow for the wretched.Ì diva deam stagnis quae fluminibusque sonoris She had scarcely spoken, when JuturnaÌs eyes flowed with tears, praesidet (hunc illi rex aetheris altus honorem and her hand struck her lovely breast three or four times. Iuppiter erepta pro virginitate sacravit): ËThis is not the moment for tears,Ì said Saturnian Juno: 'Nympha decus fluviorum animo gratissima nostro ËRun, and, if thereÌs a way, snatch your brother from death: scis ut te cunctis unam quaecumque Latinae or stir conflict and shatter the treaty theyÌve made. magnanimi Iovis ingratum ascendere cubile I teach you daring.Ì Having urged her thus, she left her praetulerim caelique lubens in parte locarim: uncertain and troubled, sadly hurt at heart. disce tuum ne me incuses Iuturna Qua visa est Fortuna pati Parcaeque sinebant cedere res Latio Turnum et tua moenia texi: Meanwhile the kings drove out: Latinus in a four-horsed chariot nunc iuvenem imparibus video concurrere fatis of massive size (twelve golden rays circling his shining brow, Parcarumque dies et vis inimica propinquat. emblems of his ancestor, the Sun), Turnus behind a snow-white Non pugnam aspicere hanc oculis non foedera possum. team, brandishing two spears with broad steel blades in his hand. Tu pro germano siquid praesentius audes On the other side, Aeneas, the leader, ancestor of the Roman race, perge: decet. Forsan miseros meliora sequentur.' came from the camp, ablaze with starry shield and heavenly Vix ea cum lacrimas oculis Iuturna profudit armour, Ascanius with him, RomeÌs second great hope, terque quaterque manu pectus percussit honestum. while a priest in pure robes brought the offspring 'Non lacrumis hoc tempus ' ait Saturnia Iuno: of a bristly boar, and also an unshorn two-year sheep, 'Adcetera et fratrem siquis modus eripe morti and tethered the animals next to the blazing altars. aut tu bella cie conceptumque excute foedus: The heroes turned their gaze towards the rising sun, sprinkled auctor ego audendi.' Sic exhortata reliquit salt meal with their hands, marked the victimsÌ foreheads incertam et tristi turbatam volnere mentis. with a knife, and poured libations from cups onto the altars. Then pious Aeneas, with sword drawn, prayed like this: Interea reges ingenti mole Latinus ËSun, be my witness, and this country that I call on, quadriiugo vehitur curru cui tempora circum for which I have been able to endure such labours, aurati bis sex radii fulgentia cingunt and the all-powerful Father, and you Juno, his wife, Solis avi specimen; bigis it Turnus in albis (now goddess, now, be kinder, I pray) and you, glorious Mars, bina manu lato crispans hastilia ferro; you, father, who control all warfare with your will: hinc pater Aeneas Romanae stirpis origo I call on founts and rivers, on all the holiness sidereo flagrans clipeo et caelestibus armis of high heaven, and the powers in the blue ocean: et iuxta Ascanius magnae spes altera Romae if by chance Victory falls to Turnus of Italy, procedunt castris puraque in veste sacerdos it is agreed the defeated will withdraw to EvanderÌs city, saetigeri fetum suis intonsamque bidentem Iulus will leave the land, and the people of Aeneas will never adtulit admovitque pecus flagrantibus aris. bring renewed war in battle, or attack this realm with the sword. Illi ad surgentem conversi lumina solem But if victory agrees that our contest is mine (as I think dant fruges manibus salsas et tempora ferro more likely, and may the gods by their will prove it so), summa notant pecudum paterisque altaria libant. I will not command the Italians to submit to Trojans nor do I Tum pius Aeneas stricto sic ense precatur: seek a kingdom for myself: let both nations, undefeated, 'Esto nunc Sol testis et haec mihi Terra voeanti put in place an eternal treaty. I will permit your gods quam propter tantos potui perferre labores and their rites: Latinus my father-in-law will keep his weapons, et pater omnipotens et tu Saturnia coniunx my father-in-law will keep his accustomed power: the Trojans iam melior iam diva will build walls for me, and Lavinia will give her name to a city. cuncta tuo qui bella pater sub numine torques; So Aeneas was first to speak, then Latinus followed him, thus, fontisque fluviosque voco quaeque aetheris alti raising his eyes to heaven, and stretching his right hand to the sky: religio et quae caeruleo sunt numina ponto: ËI also swear, Aeneas, by the same earth, sea, and sky, cesserit Ausonio si fors victoria Turno by LatonaÌs twin offspring, and by two-faced Janus, convenit Evandri victos discedere ad urbem by the power of the gods below, and the shrines of cruel Dis: cedet Iulus agris nec post arma ulla rebelles may the Father, who ratifies treaties with his lightning, hear me. Aeneadae referent ferrove haec regna lacessent I touch the altar: I call as witness the gods, and the flames sin nostrum adnuerit nobis Victoria Martem between us, no day shall break this peace or truce on ItalyÌs side, (ut potius reor et potius di numine firment) however things may fall out: nor will any power non ego nec Teucris Italos parere iubebo deflect my will, not if it plunges the earth, drowned nec mihi regna peto: paribus se legibus ambae in flood, into the waves, and dissolves heaven in hell, invictae gentes aeterna in foedera mittant. just as this sceptre (since he chanced to hold the sceptre in his hand) Sacra deosque dabo; socer arma Latinus habeto hewn, once and for all, from the lowest stem in the woods, imperium sollemne socer; mihi moenia Teucri having lost its parent trunk, and shedding its leaves and twigs constituent urbique dabit Lavinia nomen.' to the knife, will never, now the craftsmanÌs hand has sheathed it Sic prior Aeneas; sequitur sic deinde Latinus in fine bronze, and given it to the elders of Latium suspiciens caelum tenditque ad sidera dextram: to carry, extend shoots or shade from light foliage.Ì 'Haec eadem Aenea terram mare sidera iuro They sealed the treaty between them with these words Latonaeque genus duplex Ianumque bifrontem in full view of the leaders. Then with due rite they slaughtered vimque deum infernam et duri sacraria Ditis; the sacrificial beasts over the flames, tore out the entrails, audiat haec genitor qui foedera fulmine sancit. while they were alive, and piled the alters with heaped dishes. Tango aras medios ignis et numina testor: nulla dies pacem hanc Italis nec foedera rumpet quo res cumque cadent; nec me vis ulla volentem But the duel had for a long time seemed unfair to the Rutulians, avertet non si tellurem effundat in undas and their hearts were torn by varied emotions, more so diluvio miscens caelumque in Tartara solvat; when they saw the combatantsÌ unequal strength near to. ut sceptrum hoc' (dextra sceptrum nam forte gerebat Turnus added to the unrest, in advancing with silent tread 'numquam fronde levi fundet virgulta nec umbras and venerating the altar humbly, with downcast eyes, cum semel in silvis imo de stirpe recisum and by his wasted cheeks and the pallor of his youthful body. matre caret posuitque comas et bracchia ferro As soon as his sister, Juturna, was aware that talk was spreading olim arbos nunc artificis manus aere decoro and the minds of the multitude were wavering in doubt, inclusit patribusque dedit gesture Latinis.' she entered the heart of the army, in the guise of Camers, Talibus inter se firmabant foedera dictis whose birth was of noble ancestry, his fatherÌs name conspectu in medio procerum. Tum rite sacratas famous for virtue, and he himself of the bravest in arms, in flammam iugulant pecudes et viscera vivis she entered the heart of the army, not ignorant of her task, eripiunt cumulantque oneratis lancibus aras. sowing various rumours and speaking as follows: ËO Rutulians, arenÌt you ashamed to sacrifice one life At vero Rutulis inpar ea pugna videri on behalf of so many of you ? ArenÌt we their equals iamdudum et vario misceri pectora motu; in numbers and might? See, all the Trojans and Arcadians tum magis ut propius cernunt non viribus aequis. are here, and the Etrurian band led by fate, and hostile to Turnus: Adiuvat incessu tacito progressus et aram if every other man attacks, thereÌs barely an opponent for each of them. suppliciter venerans demisso lumine Turnus Turnus will climb in glory to the gods, at whose altars tabentesque genae et iuvenali in corpore pallor. he has dedicated his life, and live borne on menÌs lips: Quem simul ac Iuturna soror crebrescere vidit but we will be forced to submit to proud masters, sermonem et volgi variare labantia corda our country lost, we who now sit inactive in the field.Ì in medias acies formam adsimulata Camerti The will of the young men was roused by these words, cui genus a proavis ingens clarumque paternae more and more so, and a murmur spread through the ranks: nomen erat virtutis et ipse acerrimus armis even the Laurentines and the Latins changed their minds. in medias dat sese acies haud nescia rerum Those who had lately hoped for rest from battle, and a safe existence, rumoresque serit varios ac talia fatur: now longed for weapons, prayed for the treaty to be broken, 'Non pudet O Rutuli pro cunctis talibus unam and pitied TurnusÌs unjust fate. Juturna added another greater spur, obiectare animam? Numerone an viribus aequi showing a sign in the depths of the sky, none more significant non sumus? En omnes et Troes et Arcades hi sunt to disturb Italian minds, and charm them by the wonder of it. fatalesque manus infensa Etruria Turno: JoveÌs tawny eagle, flying through reddened air, vix hostem alterni si congrediamur habemus. stirred the shore-birds, with noisy confusion Ille quidem ad superos quorum se devovet aris in their winged ranks, when suddenly diving to the water succedet fama vivusque per ora feretur: he seized the most outstanding swan cruelly in his curved talons. nos patria amissa dominis parere superbis The Italians paid attention, and (amazing to see) cogemur qui nunc lenti consedimus arvis.' all the birds wheeled, clamouring, in flight and, in a cloud, Talibus incensa est iuvenum sententia dictis drove their enemy through the air, darkening the sky iam magis atque magis serpitque per agmina murmur; with their wings, until, defeated by force and the weight, ipsi Laurentes mutati ipsique Latini. the bird gave way, and, dropping the prey Qui sibi iam requiem pugnae rebusque salutem from his talons into the river, fled deep into the clouds. sperabant nunc arma volunt foedusque precantur Then the Rutulians truly hailed this omen with a shout infectum et Turni sortem miserantur iniquam. and spread wide their hands, and Tolumnius the augur was first His aliud maius Iuturna adiungit et alto to cry out: ËThis, this was what my prayers have often sought. dat signum caelo quo non praesentius ullum I understand it, and recognise the gods: snatch up the sword turbavit mentes Italas monstroque fefellit. with me, with me at your head, o unhappy race, fragile birds, Namque volans rubra fulvus Iovis ales in aethra whom a cruel foreigner terrifies with war, ravaging litoreas agitabat aves turbamque sonantem your coast with violence. He will take flight and sail agminis aligeri subito cum lapsus ad undas far away over the deep. Close ranks, together, and defend cycnum excellentem pedibus rapit improbus uncis. the king who has been snatched from you, in battle. Adrexere animos Itali cunctaeque volucres convertunt clamore fugam mirabile visu aetheraque obscurant pennis hostemque per auras He spoke, and running forward hurled his spear facta nube premunt donec vi victus et ipso at the enemy: the hissing cornel shaft sang, and cut unerringly pondere defecit praedamque ex unguibus ales through the air, At one with this, at one, was a mighty shout proiecit fluvio penitusque in nubila fugit. the army all in uproar, and hearts hot with the turmoil. Tum vero augurium Rutuli clamore salutant The spear flew on, to where, by chance, nine handsome brothers expediuntque manus; primusque Tolumnius augur stood in its path, all of whom one faithful 'Hoc erat hoc votis Tuscan wife had borne to Arcadian Gylippus, Adcipio adgnoscoque deos; me me duce ferrum It struck one of them, a youth of great beauty, in shining armour, corripite O miseri quos improbus advena bello at the waist, where a stitched belt rubbed against territat invalidas ut aves et litora vestra his stomach, and the buckle bit into the overlapping ends, vi populat: petet ille fugam penitusque profundo pierced his ribs, and hurled him to the yellow sand. vela dabit. Vos unanimi densete catervas But his spirited band of brothers, fired by grief, et regem vobis pugna defendite raptum.' drew their swords or snatched their iron spears, Dixit et adversos telum contorsit in hostis and rushed forward blindly. The Laurentine ranks procurrens: sonitum dat stridula cornus et auras charged them: Trojans and Agyllines and Arcadians certa secat. Simul hoc simul ingens clamor et omnes in decorated armour, poured in from the other side: turbati cunei calefactaque corda tumultu. so all had one longing, to let the sword decide. Hasta volans ut forte novem pulcherrima fratrum They stripped the altars, there was a fierce storm corpora constiterant contra quos fida crearat of spears in the whole sky, and a steely rain fell: una tot Arcadio coniunx Tyrrhena Gylippo wine-bowls and hearthstones were carried off: horum unum ad medium teritur qua sutilis alvo Latinus himself fled, taking his defeated gods, balteus et laterum iuncturas fibula mordet the treaty void. Others harnessed their chariots or leapt egregium forma iuvenem et fulgentibus armis on their horses, and waited with drawn swords. transadigit costas fulvaque effundit harena. Messapus, keen to destroy the truce, charging on his horse, At fratres animosa phalanx accensaque luctu scared off Auletes, an Etruscan king with a kingÌs emblems: pars gladios stringunt manibus pars missile ferrum the unfortunate man, as he backed away, entangled, fell, corripiunt caecique ruunt. Quos agmina contra head and shoulders, on to the altar behind him: and Messapus procurrunt Laurentum hinc densi rursus inundant flew at him furiously, spear in hand, and from his horseÌs height Troes Agyllinique et pictis Arcades armis: struck mightily at him with the massive weapon, sic omnis amor unus habet decernere ferro. as Auletes begged piteously, and spoke like this, over him: Diripuere aras it toto turbida caelo ËHeÌs done for: this nobler victim is given to the great gods.Ì tempestas telorum ac ferreus ingruit imber The Italians crowded round and stripped the warm body. craterasque focosque ferunt. Fugit ipse Latinus Against them, Corynaeus snatched a charred brand pulsatos referens infecto foedere divos. from an altar, and aiming a blow at the charging Ebyso Infrenant alii currus aut corpora saltu dashed flames in his face: his great beard flared subiciunt in equos et strictis ensibus adsunt. and gave off a smell of burning. Corynaeus following through Messapus regem regisque insigne gerentem his blow, clutched the hair of his stunned enemy in his left hand Tyrrhenum Aulesten avidus confundere foedus and brought him to earth with a thrust of his bent knee: adverso proterret equo: ruit ille recedens then stabbed him in the side with his straight sword. et miser oppositis a tergo involvitur aris Podalirius, towered over the shepherd Alsus, pursuing him in caput inque umeros. At fervidus advolat hasta with naked steel as he ran through the shower of spears Messapus teloque orantem multa trabali in the front rank: but Alsus swung his axe back, desuper altus equo graviter ferit atque ita fatur: and sliced through the front of his enemyÌs brow and chin, 'Hoc habet haec melior magnis data victima divis.' drenching his armour with widely spouting blood. Concurrunt Itali spoliantque calentia membra. Harsh repose and iron slumber pressed on his eyes Obvius ambustum torrem Corynaeus ab ara and their light was sunk in everlasting night. corripit et venienti Ebuso plagamque ferenti occupat os flammis: olli ingens barba reluxit nidoremque ambusta dedit. Super ipse secutus But virtuous Aeneas his head bared, unarmed, stretched out caesariem laeva turbati corripit hostis his right hand, and called loudly to his troops: inpressoque genu nitens terrae adplicat ipsum: ËWhere are you running to? Why this sudden tide of discord? sic rigido latus ense ferit. Podalirius Alsum O, control your anger! The agreement has already been struck, pastorem primaque acie per tela ruentem and its terms fixed. I alone have the right to fight: ense sequens nudo superimminet: ille securi Let me do so: banish your fears. IÌll prove the treaty sound adversi frontem mediam mentumque reducta with this right hand: these rites mean Turnus is already mine.Ì disicit et sparso late rigat arma cruore. Amidst these cries and words, see, a hissing arrow Olli dura quies oculos et ferreus urget winged its way towards him, launched by what hand, somnus in aeternam conduntur lumina noctem. sent whirling by whom, was unknown, as was the chance or god that brought the Rutulians such honour: At pius Aeneas dextram tendebat inermem the glorious pride in it was kept concealed, nudato capite atque suos clamore vocabat: and no one boasted of wounding Aeneas. 'Quo ruitis? Quaeve ista repens discordia surgit? As soon as Turnus saw Aeneas leave the ranks, his captains O cohibete iras! Ictum iam foedus et omnes in confusion, he blazed with the fervour of sudden hope: compositae leges; mihi ius concurrere soli; he called for weapons and horses as one, leapt proudly me sinite atque auferte metus; ego foedera faxo into his chariot, and gripped the reins in his hands. firma manu; Turnum debent haec iam mihi sacra.' He gave many a brave man death in his swift passage. Has inter voces media inter talia verba Many he overturned half-alive, crushed the ranks under his chariot, ecce viro stridens alis adlapsa sagitta est or seizing his spears showered them on those fleeing. incertum qua pulsa manu quo turbine adacta Just as when blood-drenched Mars is roused, and clashes Quis tantam Rutulis laudem casusne deusne his shield, by the icy streams of Hebrus and, inciting war, adtulerit: pressa est insignis gloria facti. gives rein to his frenzied horses, so that they fly over the open plain nec sese Aeneae iactavit vulnere quisquam. outrunning the south and west winds, and farthest Thrace groans Turnus ut Aenean cedentem ex agmine vidit to the beat of their hooves, while around him the forms of black turbatosque duces subita spe fervidus ardet: Terror, Anger and Treachery, speed, the companions of the god: poscit equos atque arma simul saltuque superbus with the same swiftness Turnus lashed his horses, emicat in currum et manibus molitur habenas. smoking with sweat, through the midst of the conflict, Multa virum volitans dat fortia corpora Leto trampling on enemies piteously slain, while the galloping hooves semineces volvit multos aut agmina curru splashed bloody dew, and trampled the gore mixed with sand. proterit aut raptas fugientibus ingerit hastas. Next he gave Sthenelus to death, Thamyrus, and Pholus, the latter Qualis apud gelidi cum flumina concitus Hebri close to, the former at a distance, from a distance too sanguineus Mavors clipeo increpat atque furentis both sons of Imbrasas, Glaucus and Laudes, whom Imbrasus bella movens immittit equos; illi aequore aperto himself had raised in Lycia, and equipped with matching armour, ante Notos Zephyrumque volant; gemit ultima pulsu to fight hand to hand, or outstrip the wind on horseback. Thraca pedum; circumque atrae Formidinis ora Elsewhere Eumedes rode through the midst of the battle, Iraeque Insidiaeque dei comitatus aguntur: famous in warfare, the son of aged Dolon, talis equos alacer media inter proelia Turnus recalling the grandfather in name, his father in courage fumantis sudore quatit miserabile caesis and skill, he who, in going as a spy that time to the Greek camp, hostibus insultans; spargit rapida ungula rores dared to ask for AchillesÌs chariot as his reward: sanguineos mixtaque cruor calcatur harena. but Diomedes paid him a different reward for his daring Iamque neci Sthenelumque dedit Thamyrumque Pholumque and he no longer aspired to AchillesÌs team. hunc congressus et hunc illum eminus; eminus ambo When Turnus saw Eumedes, far over the open plain, he first Imbrasidas Glaucum atque Laden quos Imbrasus ipse sent a light javelin after him across the long space between, nutrierat Lycia paribusque ornaverat armis then halted his paired horses, leapt from his chariot, vel conferre manum vel equo praevertere ventos. onto the half-dead, fallen man, and, planting his foot on his neck, Parte alia media Eumedes in proelia fertur tore the sword from his hand, and bloodied the bright blade antiqui proles bello praeclara Dolonis deep in his throat, adding these words as well: nomine avum referens animo manibusque parentem ËSee the fields, that Western Land, you sought in war: qui quondam castra ut Danaum speculator adiret lie there and measure it: this is the prize for those ausus Pelidae pretium sibi poscere currus; who dare to cross swords with me, thus they build their walls.Ì illum Tydides alio pro talibus ausis Then with a cast of his spear he sent Asbytes to keep him company, adfecit pretio nec equis adspirat Achillis. Chloreus and Sybaris, Dares and Thersilochus, and Thymoetes Hunc procul ut campo Turnus prospexit aperto who was flung from the neck of his rearing horse. ante levi iaculo longum per inane secutus As when the blast of the Edonian northerly sounds sistit equos biiugis et curru desilit atque over the Aegean deep, and drives the breakers to shore, semianimi lapsoque supervenit et pede collo while brooding gusts in the sky put the clouds to flight, impresso dextrae mucronem extorquet et alto so, wherever Turnus cut a path, the lines gave way, fulgentem tinguit iugulo atque haec insuper addit: and the ranks turned and ran: his own speed carried him on, 'En agros et quam bello Troiane petisti and, as the chariot met it, the wind tossed his flowing plume. Hesperiam metire iacens: haec praemia qui me Phegeus could not endure his attack or his spirited war-cry: ferro ausi temptare ferunt sic moenia condunt.' he threw himself at the chariot and with his right hand wrenched Huic comitem Asbyten coniecta cuspide mittit. the heads of the swift horses aside, as they foamed at the bit. Chloreaque Sybarimque Daretaque Thersilochumque While he was dragged along, hanging from the yoke, et sternacis equi lapsum cervice Thymoeten. TurnusÌs broad-headed lance reached for his exposed flank, Ac velut Edoni Boreae cum spiritus alto tore open the double-stranded mail where it entered, insonat Aegaeo sequiturque ad litora fluctus and grazed the surface of the flesh in a wound. qua venti incubuere fugam dant nubila caelo: Phegeus still turned towards his enemy, his shield raised, sic Turno quacumque viam secat agmina cedunt and was trying to protect himself with his drawn sword, conversaeque ruunt acies; fert impetus ipsum when the wheel and the onrush of the spinning axle et cristam adverso curru quatit aura volantem. sent him headlong, throwing him to the ground, and Turnus, Non tulit instantem Phegeus animisque frementem: following through, struck off his head with a sweep of his blade obiecit sese ad currum et spumantia frenis between the rim of the helmet and the chain-mailÌs ora citatorum dextra detorsit equorum. upper edge, and left the body lying on the sand. Dum trahitur pendetque iugis hunc lata retectum lancea consequitur rumpitque infixa bilicem loricam et summum degustat volnere corpus. While Turnus was victoriously dealing death over the plain, Ille tamen clipeo obiecto conversus in hostem Mnestheus and loyal Achates, with Ascanius ibat et auxilium ducto mucrone petebat: by their side, set Aeneas down inside the camp, cum rota praecipitem et procursu concitus axis bleeding, supporting alternate steps with his long spear. impulit effunditque solo Turnusque secutus he struggled furiously to pull out the head of the broken imam inter galeam summi thoracis et oras shaft, and called for the quickest means of assistance: abstulit ense caput truncumque reliquit harenae. to cut open the wound with a broadsword, lay open the arrow-tipÌs buried depths, and send him back to war. Atque ea dum campis victor dat funera Turnus Now Iapyx, IasusÌs son, approached, dearest of all to Apollo, interea Aenean Mnestheus et fidus Achates to whom the god himself, struck by deep love, long ago Ascaniusque comes castris statuere cruentum offered with delight his own arts, his own gifts, alternos longa nitentem cuspide gressus. his powers of prophecy, his lyre, and swift arrows. Saevit et infracta luctatur arundine telum But Iapyx, in order to delay the fate of his dying father, eripere auxilioque viam quae proxima poscit chose knowledge of the virtues of herbs, and the use ense secent lato vulnus telique latebram of medicine, and, without fame, to practise the silent arts. rescindant penitus seseque in bella remittant. Aeneas stood leaning on his great spear, complaining bitterly, Iamque aderat Phoebo ante alios dilectus Iapyx amongst a vast crowd of soldiers, with Iulus sorrowing, Iasides acri quondam cui captus amore himself unmoved by the tears. The aged Iapyx, his robe rolled back ipse suas artes sua munera laetus Apollo in Paeonian fashion, tried hard in vain with healing fingers augurium citharamque dabat celerisque sagittas. and ApolloÌs powerful herbs: he worked at the arrow uselessly Ille ut depositi proferret fata parentis with his hand, and tugged at the metal with tightened pincers. scire potestates herbarum usumque medendi No luck guided his course, nor did Apollo his patron help, maluit et mutas agitare inglorius artes. while cruel terror grew greater and greater over the plain, Stabat acerba fremens ingentem nixus in hastam and evil drew near. Now they saw the sky standing on Aeneas magno iuvenum et maerentis Iuli columns of dust: the horsemen neared and arrows fell concursu lacrimis immobilis. Ille retorto thickly in the midst of the camp. A dismal cry rose to heaven Paeonium in morem senior succinctus amictu of men fighting and falling under MarsÌs harsh hand. multa manu medica Phoebique potentibus herbis At this AeneasÌs mother, Venus, shaken by her sonÌs nequiquam trepidat nequiquam spicula dextra cruel pain, culled a dittany plant from Cretan Ida, sollicitat prensatque tenaci forcipe ferrum. with downy leaves and purple flowers: a herb Nulla viam Fortuna regit nihil auctor Apollo not unknown to the wild goats when winged subvenit; et saevus campis magis ac magis horror arrows have fixed themselves in their sides. crebrescit propiusque malum est. Iam pulvere caelum This Venus brought, her face veiled in dark mist, stare vident: subeunt equites et spicula castris this, with its hidden curative powers, she steeped densa cadunt mediis. It tristis ad aethera clamor in river water, poured into a glittering basin, and sprinkled bellantum iuvenum et duro sub Marte cadentum. there healing ambrosial juice and fragrant panacea. Hic Venus indigno nati concussa dolore Aged Iapyx bathed the wound with this liquid, dictamnum genetrix Cretaea carpit ab Ida not knowing its effect, and indeed all pain fled puberibus caulem foliis et flore comantem from AeneasÌs body, all the flow of blood ceased deep purpureo; non illa feris incognita capris in the wound. Now, without force, the arrowhead gramina cum tergo volucres haesere sagittae: slipped from the wound, following the motion of his hand, hoc Venus obscuro faciem circumdata nimbo and fresh strength returned to Aeneas, such as before. detulit; hoc fusum labris splendentibus amnem Iapyx cried: ËQuickly, bring our hero weapons. Why are you inficit occulte medicans spargitque salubris standing there?Ì and was first to excite their courage against ambrosiae sucos et odoriferam panaceam. the enemy. ËAeneas, this cure does not come by human aid, Fovit ea volnus lympha longaevus Iapyx nor guiding art, it is not my hand that saved you: a god, ignorans subitoque omnis de corpore fugit a greater one, worked this, and sends you out again to glorious deeds.Ì quippe dolor omnis stetit imo volnere sanguis; Aeneas, eager for battle, had sheathed his legs in gold, iamque secuta manum nullo cogente sagitta left and right, and scornful of delay, brandished his spear. excidit atque novae rediere in pristina vires. As soon as his shield was fixed at his side, the chain mail 'Arma citi properate viro! Quid statis?' Iapyx to his back, he clasped Ascanius in his armed embrace, conclamat primusque animos adcendit in hostem. and, kissing his lips lightly through the helmet, said: 'Non haec humanis opibus non arte magistra ËMy son, learn courage from me and true labour: proveniunt neque te Aenea mea dextera servat: good fortune from others. Now my hand will protect you maior agit deus atque opera ad maiora remittit.' in war, and lead you to great rewards. Make sure later, Ille avidus pugnae suras incluserat auro when your years have reached maturity, that you remember: hinc atque hinc oditque moras hastamque coruscat. let your father Aeneas, and your uncle Hector Postquam habilis lateri clipeus loricaque tergo est inspire your soul, by recalling their example.Ì Ascanium fusis circum complectitur armis When he spoken these words, he rushed out through the gate, summaque per galeam delibans oscula fatur: in all his strength, brandishing a great spear in his hand: 'Disce puer virtutem ex me verumque laborem Antheus and Mnestheus with him, and their massed ranks, and all fortunam ex aliis. Nunc te mea dextera bello the army streamed from the camp. Then the plain was a chaos defensum dabit et magna inter praemia ducet. of blinding dust, and the quaking earth shook under the tramp of feet. Tu facito mox cum matura adoleverit aetas Turnus saw them advance, from the rampart opposite: sis memor et te animo repetentem exempla tuorum the Ausonians saw, and a cold tremor ran to the marrow et pater Aeneas et avunculus excitet Hector.' of their bones: Juturna was the first of all the Latins to hear and recognise the sound, and she fled in fear. Haec ubi dicta dedit portis sese extulit ingens Aeneas flew ahead, racing his dark ranks over the open plain, telum immane manu quatiens; simul agmine denso As when the weather breaks and a storm cloud moves towards Antheusque Mnestheusque ruunt omnisque relictis land, over the deep ocean (ah, the hearts of wretched farmers turba fluit castris: tum caeco pulvere campus know if from far off, and shudder: it brings ruin to trees, miscetur pulsuque pedum tremit excita tellus. and havoc to harvests, everything far and wide is destroyed), Vidit ab adverso venientis aggere Turnus the gales run before it and carry their roar to the shore: videre Ausonii gelidusque per ima cucurrit so the Trojan leader drove his ranks against the foe, ossa tremor: prima ante omnis Iuturna Latinos thickly they all gathered to him in dense columns. audiit adgnovitque sonum et tremefacta refugit. Thymbreus struck mighty Osiris with his sword, Ille volat campoque atrum rapit agmen aperto. Mnestheus killed Arcetius: Achates killed Epulo, Qualis ubi ad terras abrupto sidere nimbus Gyas killed Ufens: even Tolumnius the augur fell, it mare per medium; miseris heu praescia longe first to hurl his spear straight at the enemy. horrescunt corda agricolis dabit ille ruinas A shout rose to heaven, and in turn the routed Rutulians arboribus stragemque satis ruet omnia late; turned their backs in a cloud of dust, fleeing over the field. ante volant sonitumque ferunt ad litora venti: Aeneas himself did not deign to send the fugitives to their death, talis in adversos ductor Rhoeteius hostis nor did he attack the foot-soldiers, cavalry or those hurling agmen agit densi cuneis se quisque coactis missiles: he tracked only Turnus, searching through adglomerant. Ferit ense gravem Thymbraeus Osirim the dense gloom, Turnus alone he summoned to combat. Archetium Mnestheus Epulonem obtruncat Achates Ufentemque Gyas; cadit ipse Tolumnius augur primus in adversos telum qui torserat hostis. Juturna, the warrior maiden, her mind stricken with fear, Tollitur in caelum clamor versique vicissim knocked TurnusÌs charioteer, Metiscus, from the reins, at this, pulverulenta fuga Rutuli dant terga per agros. so that he slipped from the beam, and left him far behind: Ipse neque aversos dignatur sternere Morti she herself took his place, and guided the flowing reins nec pede congressos aequo nec tela ferentis with her hands, assuming MeniscusÌs voice, form, weapons, all. insequitur: solum densa in caligine Turnum As when a dark swallow flies through the great house vestigat lustrans solum in certamina poscit. of some rich lord, winging her way through lofty halls Hoc concussa metu mentem Iuturna virago gathering tiny crumbs and scraps of food for her noisy young, aurigam Turni media inter lora Metiscum now twittering in the empty courtyards, now by the damp ponds: excutit et longe lapsum temone relinquit: so Juturna was drawn by the horses through the enemy centre ipsa subit manibusque undantis flectit habenas and, flying in her swift chariot, criss-crossed the whole plain, cuncta gerens vocemque et corpus et arma Metisci. now here, now there, she gives evidence of her triumphant brother, Nigra velut magnas domini cum divitis aedes not allowing him close combat, flying far away. pervolat et pennis alta atria lustrat hirundo Nevertheless Aeneas traversed her winding course to meet him, pabula parva legens nidisque loquacibus escas tracking him, calling him loudly among the ranks. et nunc porticibus vacuis nunc umida circum As often as he set eyes on his enemy, and tried to match stagna sonat: similis medios Iuturna per hostis the flight of the swift horses in his course, as often fertur equis rapidoque volans obit omnia curru Juturna turned and wheeled the chariot. iamque hic germanum iamque hic ostentat ovantem Ah, what to do? Vainly he fluctuated on the shifting tide, nec conferre manum patitur volat avia longe. and diverse concerns called his thoughts away. Haud minus Aeneas tortos legit obvius orbes Messapus, who happened to be carrying two strong spears vestigatque virum et disiecta per agmina magna tipped with steel, advanced lightly towards him, voce vocat. Quotiens oculos coniecit in hostem levelled one, and hurled it with unerring aim. alipedumque fugam cursu temptavit equorum Aeneas stopped, and gathered himself behind his shield aversos totiens currus Iuturna retorsit. sinking on one knee: the swift spear still took off the tip Heu quid agat? Vario nequiquam fluctuat aestu of his helmet, and knocked the plumes from the crest. diversaeque vocant animum in contraria curae. Then his anger truly surged, and incited by all this treachery, Huic Messapus uti laeva duo forte gerebat seeing his enemyÌs chariot and horses driven far off, lenta levis cursu praefixa hastilia ferro calling loudly on Jove, and the altars of the broken treaty, horum unum certo contorquens dirigit ictu. as witness, he plunged at last into the fray, Substitit Aeneas et se collegit in arma and, aided by Mars, he awoke dreadful, savage, poplite subsidens; apicem tamen incita summum indiscriminate slaughter, and gave full rein to his wrath. hasta tulit summasque excussit vertice cristas. Tum vero adsurgunt irae; insidiisque subactus diversos ubi sensit equos currumque referri What god can now relate for me such bitter things as these, multa Iovem et laesi testatus foederis aras who can tell of such varied slaughter, the deaths of generals, iam tandem invadit medios et Marte secundo whom Turnus now, and now the Trojan hero, drove in turn terribilis saevam nullo discrimine caedem over the field? Jupiter was it your will that races who would live suscitat irarumque omnis effundit habenas. together in everlasting peace should meet in so great a conflict? Aeneas meeting Rutulian Sucro (in the first battle Quis mihi nunc tot acerba deus quis carmine caedes that brought the Trojan attack to a halt) quickly struck him diversas obitumque ducum quos aequore toto in the side, and drove the cruel steel through the ribs inque vicem nunc Turnus agit nunc Troius heros that protect the heart, where death come fastest. expediat? Tanton placuit concurrere motu. Turnus threw Amycus from his horse, and Diores his brother, Iuppiter aeterna gentis in pace futuras? attacking them on foot, striking one with the long lance Aeneas Rutulum Sucronem ea prima ruentis as he advanced, the other with his sword, then hanging both pugna loco statuit Teucros haud multa morantem their severed heads from his chariot carried them away excipit in latus et qua fata celerrima crudum dripping with blood. Aeneas sent Talos and Tanais transadigit costas et cratis pectoris ensem. and brave Cethegus to death, three in one attack, Turnus equo deiectum Amycum fratremque Dioren and sad Onites of Theban name, whose mother was Peridia: congressus pedes hunc venientem cuspide longa Turnus killed the brothers sent from Lycia, ApolloÌs fields, hunc mucrone ferit curruque abscisa duorum and Menoetes of Arcadia, who had hated war, but in vain: suspendit capita et rorantia sanguine portat. his humble home and his living were round LernaÌs Ille Talon Tanaimque neci fortemque Cethegum fish-filled streams, never knowing the patronage tris uno congressu et maestum mittit Oniten of the great, and his father farmed rented land. nomen Echionium matrisque genus Peridiae Like fires set burning from opposite sides of a dry forest hic fratres Lycia missos et Apollinis agris into the thickets of crackling laurel, or foaming rivers et iuvenem exosum nequiquam bella Menoeten falling swiftly from the mountain heights, roaring Arcada piscosae cui circum flumina Lernae and racing seawards, each leaving its path of destruction, ars fuerat pauperque domus nec nota potentum so Aeneas and Turnus with no less fury swept through the battle: munera conductaque pater tellure serebat. now anger surged within: now their hearts which knew no defeat Ac velut immissi diversis partibus ignes were bursting: now with all their strength they set out to do harm. arentem in silvam et virgulta sonantia lauro As he boasted of his fathers, and the antiquity of his ancestorsÌ aut ubi decursu rapido de montibus altis names, and all his race traced back through Latin kings, dant sonitum spumosi amnes et in aequora currunt Aeneas sent Murranus headlong with a stone, a great whirling rock, quisque suum populatus iter: non segnius ambo and hurled him to the ground: beneath the reins and yoke, Aeneas Turnusque ruunt per proelia; nunc nunc the wheels churned him round, and the horsesÌ hooves, fluctuat ira intus rumpuntur nescia vinci forgetful of their master, trampled him under with many a blow. pectora nunc totis in Volnera viribus itur. Turnus met Hyllus as he charged, roaring with boundless pride, Murranum hic atavos et avorum antiqua sonantem and hurled a spear at his gilded forehead: piercing nomina per regesque actum genus omne Latinos the helmet the weapon lodged in his brain. Cretheus, praecipitem scopulo atque ingentis turbine saxi bravest of Greeks, your right hand did not save you excutit effunditque solo: hunc lora et iuga subter from Turnus, nor did the gods hide Cupencus when Aeneas provolvere rotae crebro super ungula pulsu came: he set his chest against the weaponÌs track, incita nec domini memorum proculcat equorum. and the bronze shieldÌs resistance profited the wretch nothing. Ille ruenti Hyllo animisque immane frementi The Laurentine field saw you fall also, Aeolus, occurrit telumque aurata ad tempora torquet: on your back, sprawled wide on the ground. olli per galeam fixo stetit hasta cerebro. You fell, whom the Greek battalions could not lay low, nor Achilles Dextera nec tua te Graium fortissime Cretheu who overturned PriamÌs kingdom: here was the boundary eripuit Turno. Nec di texere Cupencum of death for you: your noble house was below Mount Ida, Aenea veniente sui: dedit obvia ferro that noble house at Lyrnesus, your grave in Laurentine soil. pectora nec misero clipei mora profuit aerei. All the lines turned towards battle, the whole of the Latins, Te quoque Laurentes viderunt Aeole campi the whole of the Trojans, Mnestheus and fierce Serestus, oppetere et late terram consternere tergo Messapus, tamer of horses, and brave Asilas, Occidis Argivae quem non potuere phalanges the Tuscan phalanx, EvanderÌs Arcadian squadron, sternere nec Priami regnorum eversor Achilles; each for himself, men straining with all their strength: hic tibi mortis erant metae: domus alta sub Ida no respite and no rest: exerting themselves in one vast conflict. Lyrnesi domus alta solo Laurente sepulchrum. Totae adeo conversae acies omnesque Latini omnes Dardanidae Mnestheus acerque Serestus Now his loveliest of mothers set in his mind the idea et Messapus equum domitor et fortis Asilas of moving against the walls, and turning his army on the city, Tuscorumque phalanx Evandrique Arcades alae swiftly, to confound the Latins with sudden ruin. pro se quisque viri summa nituntur opum vi: While he tracked Turnus here and there through the ranks nec mora nec requies vasto certamine tendunt. and swept his glance this way and that, he could see the city, free of fierce warfare and peacefully unharmed. Hic mentem Aeneae genetrix pulcherrima misit Suddenly an image of a more ambitious act of war inflamed him: iret ut ad muros urbique adverteret agmen he called the generals Mnestheus, Sergestus and brave Serestus, ocius et subita turbaret clade Latinos. and positioned himself on a hillock, where the rest of the Trojan army Ille ut vestigans diversa per agmina Turnum gathered round in a mass, without dropping their shields or spears. huc atque huc acies circumtulit aspicit urbem Standing amongst them on the high mound he cried: immunem tanti belli atque impune quietam. ËLet nothing impede my orders, Jupiter is with us, and let Continuo pugnae adcendit maioris imago: no one be slower to advance because this attempt is so sudden. Mnesthea Sergestumque vocat fortemque Serestum Today I will overthrow that city, a cause of war, LatinusÌs ductores tumulumque capit quo cetera Teucrum capital itself, and lay its smoking roofs level with the ground, concurrit legio nec scuta aut spicula densi unless they agree to accept our rule, and submit, in defeat. deponunt. Celso medius stans aggere fatur: Do you think I can wait until Turnus can face battle with me, 'Nequa meis esto dictis mora; Iuppiter hac stat and chooses to meet with me again, though defeated before? neu quis ob inceptum subitum mihi segnior ito. O citizens, this man is the fountainhead and source of this wicked war. Urbem hodie causam belli regna ipsa Latini Quickly, bring burning brands, and re-establish the treaty, with fire.Ì ni frenum accipere et victi parere fatentur He spoke, and all his troops adopted wedge-formation, hearts eruam et aequa solo fumantia culmina ponam. equal in emulation, and advanced in a dense mass towards the walls: Scilicet exspectem libeat dum proelia Turno in a flash, scaling ladders and sudden flames appeared. nostra pati rursusque velit concurrere victus? Some ran to the gates and cut down the leading defenders, Hoc caput O cives haec belli summa nefandi: others hurled steel, and darkened the sky with missiles. ferte faces propere foedusque reposcite flammis.' Aeneas himself, among the leaders, raised his hand, at the foot Dixerat atque animis pariter certantibus omnes of the wall, accused Latinus in a loud voice, and called the gods dant cuneum densaque ad muros mole feruntur. to witness that he was being forced into battle again, Scalae improviso subitusque apparuit ignis. that the Italians were doubly enemies, another treaty was broken. Discurrunt alii ad portas primosque trucidant Dissension rose among the fearful citizens: some commanded ferrum alii torquent et obumbrant aethera telis. the city be opened, and the gates be thrown wide Ipse inter primos dextram sub moenia tendit to the Trojans, and they dragged the king himself to the ramparts: Aeneas magnaque incusat voce Latinum others brought weapons and hurried to defend the walls, testaturque deos iterum se ad proelia cogi as when a shepherd, whoÌs tracked a swarm to its lair bis iam Italos hostis haec altera foedera rumpi. concealed in the rock, fills it with acrid smoke: Exoritur trepidos inter discordia civis: the bees inside, anxious for safety, rush round urbem alii reserare iubent et pandere portas their wax fortress, and sharpen their anger in loud buzzing: Dardanidis ipsumque trahunt in moenia regem the reeking darkness rolls through their hive, the rocks arma ferunt alii et pergunt defendere muros. echo within to a blind humming, and fumes reach the clear air. Inclusas ut cum latebroso in pumice pastor vestigavit apes fumoque implevit amaro: illae intus trepidae rerum per cerea castra Now further misfortune befell the weary Latins, discurrunt magnisque acuunt stridoribus iras; and shook the whole city to its foundations with grief. volvitur ater odor tectis tum murmure caeco When Queen Amata, from the palace, saw the enemy intus saxa sonant vacuas it fumus ad auras. approaching, the walls assaulted, flames mounting to the roofs, but no opposing Rutulian lines, nor TurnusÌs army, Accidit haec fessis etiam fortuna Latinis the unhappy queen thought Turnus had been killed quae totam luctu concussit funditus urbem. in combat, and, her mind distraught, in sudden anguish, Regina ut tectis venientem prospicit hostem she cried out that she was the cause, the guilty one, the source incessi muros ignis ad tecta volare of evil, and uttering many wild words in the frenzy nusquam acies contra Rutulas nulla agmina Turni: of grief, wanting to die, she tore her purple robes, infelix pugnae iuvenem in certamine credit and fastened a hideous noose of death to a high beam. exstinctum et subito mentem turbata dolore As soon as the wretched Latin women knew of the disaster, se causam clamat crimenque caputque malorum first her daughter Lavinia fell into a frenzy, tearing at her golden multaque per maestum demens effata furorem tresses and rosy cheeks with her hands, then all the crowd purpureos moritura manu discindit amictus around her: the wide halls echoed to their lamentations. et nodum informis leti trabe nectit ab alta. From there the unhappy rumour spread throughout the city: Quam cladem miserae postquam accepere Latinae Spirits sank: Latinus went about with rent clothing, filia prima manu flavos Lavinia crinis stunned by his wifeÌs fate and his cityÌs ruin, et roseas laniata genas tum cetera circum fouling his white hair with clouds of vile dust, turba furit: resonant late plangoribus aedes. reproaching himself again and again for not having freely Hinc totam infelix volgatur fama per urbem. received Trojan Aeneas, and adopted him as his son-in-law. Demittunt mentes; it scissa veste Latinus coniugis attonitus fatis urbisque ruina canitiem immundo perfusam pulvere turpans. Meanwhile Turnus, fighting at the edge of the plain, [Multaque se incusat qui non acceperit ante was pursuing the stragglers now, more slowly, Dardanium Aenean generumque adsciverit ultro.] and rejoicing less and less in his horsesÌ advance. The breeze bore a clamour to him mingled Interea extremo bellator in aequore Turnus with an unknown dread, and the cheerless sounds palantis sequitur paucos iam segnior atque of a city in chaos met his straining ears. iam minus atque minus successu laetus equorum ËAh, what is this great grief that shakes the walls? attulit hunc illi caecis terroribus aura What is this clamour that rises from the distant city?Ì commixtum clamorem adrectasque impulit aures So he spoke, anxiously grasping the reins and halting. confusae sonus urbis et inlaetabile murmur. At this his sister, controlling chariot, horses and reins 'Ei mihi! Quid tanto turbantur moenia luctu? disguised in the shape of his charioteer, Metiscus, Quisve ruit tantus diversa clamor ab urbe?' countered with these words: ËTurnus, this way, let us chase Sic ait adductisque amens subsistit habenis. the sons of Troy, where victory forges the way ahead: Atque huic in faciem soror ut conversa Metisci there are others with hands to defend our homes. aurigae currumque et equos et lora regebat Aeneas is attacking the Italians, and stirring conflict: talibus occurrit dictis: 'Hac Turne sequamur let our hands too deal cruel death to the Trojans. Troiugenas qua prima viam victoria pandit; You will not leave the field inferior in battle honours sunt alii qui tecta manu defendere possint. or the number you have killedÌ Turnus replied to this: Ingruit Aeneas Italis et proelia miscet: ËO sister, I recognised you long ago, when you first et nos saeva manu mittamus funera Teucris. wrecked the truce with your guile, and dedicated yourself to warfare, Nec numero inferior pugnae nec honore recedes.' and now too you hide your divinity in vain. But who desired Turnus ad haec: you to be sent down from Olympus to suffer such labours? 'O soror et dudum adgnovi cum prima per artem Was it so you might see your unlucky brotherÌs death? foedera turbasti teque haec in bella dedisti What can I do? What chance can offer me life? et nunc nequiquam fallis dea. Sed quis Olympo I saw Murranus fall, before my very eyes, calling out demissam tantos voluit te ferre labores? to me, loudly, no one more dear to me than him remains, An fratris miseri letum ut crudele videres? a mighty man, and overwhelmed by a mighty wound. Nam quid ago? Aut quae iam spondet Fortuna salutem? Unfortunate Ufens fell, so he might not witness our shame: Vidi oculos ante ipse meos me voce vocantem the Trojans captured his body and his armour. Murranum quo non superat mihi carior alter Shall I endure the razing of our homes (the one thing left) oppetere ingentem atque ingenti volnere victum. and not deny DrancesÌs words with my sword? Occidit infelix nostrum ne dedecus Ufens Shall I turn my back, and this country see Turnus run? adspiceret; Teucri potiuntur corpore et armis. Is it indeed so terrible to die? Oh be good to me, you Shades Exscindine domos (id rebus defuit unum) below, since the gods above have turned their faces from me. perpetiar dextra nec Drancis dicta refellam? I will descend to you, a virtuous soul, innocent Terga dabo et Turnum fugientem haec terra videbit? of blame, never unworthy of my great ancestors.Ì Usque adeone mori miserum est? Vos O mihi Manes He had barely spoken when Saces sped by, carried on a foaming este boni quoniam superis aversa voluntas! horse through the thick of the enemy, wounded full in the face Sancta ad vos anima atque istius nescia culpae by an arrow, and calling to Turnus by name as he rushed on: descendam magnorum haud umquam indignus avorum. ËTurnus, in you our last hope lies, pity your people. Aeneas is explosive in arms, and threatens to throw down Vix ea fatus erat: medios volat ecce per hostis ItalyÌs highest citadel and deliver it to destruction, even now vectus equo spumante Saces adversa sagitta burning brands fly towards the roofs. The Latins turn their faces saucius ora ruitque implorans nomine Turnum: to you, their eyes are on you: King Latinus mutters to himself, 'Turne in te suprema salus: miserere tuorum. wavering as to whom to call his sons, towards what alliance to lean. Fulminat Aeneas armis summasque minatur Moreover the queen, most loyal to you, has fallen deiecturum arces Italum exscidioque daturum; by her own hand, and fled, in horror of the light. iamque faces ad tecta volant. In te ora Latini Messapus and brave Atinas, alone in front of the gates in te oculos referunt; mussat rex ipse Latinus sustain our lines. Around them dense squadrons stand quos generos vocet aut quae sese ad foedera flectat. on every side, a harvest of steel that bristles with naked swords, Praeterea regina tui fidissima dextra while you drive your chariot over the empty turf.Ì occidit ipsa sua lucemque exterrita fugit. Stunned and amazed by this vision of multiple disaster, Soli pro portis Messapus et acer Atinas Turnus stood silently gazing: fierce shame surged sustentant aciem. Circum hos utrimque phalanges in that solitary heart, and madness mingled with grief, stant densae strictisque seges mucronibus horret love stung to frenzy, consciousness of virtue. ferrea: tu currum deserto in gramine versas.' As soon as the shadows dispersed, and light returned to his mind, Obstipuit varia confusus imagine rerum he turned his gaze, with blazing eyes, towards the walls, Turnus et obtutu tacito stetit. Aestuat ingens and looked back on the mighty city from his chariot. uno in corde pudor mixtoque insania luctu See, now, a spiralling crest of flame fastened et furiis agitatus amor et conscia virtus. on a tower, and rolled skyward through the stories, Ut primum discussae umbrae et lux reddita menti a tower he had built himself with jointed beams, ardentis oculorum orbes ad moenia torsit set on wheels, and equipped with high walkways. turbidus eque rotis magnam respexit ad urbem. He spoke: ËNow, sister, now fate triumphs: no more delays: Ecce autem flammis inter tabulata volutus where god and cruel fortune calls, let me follow. ad caelum undabat vortex turrimque tenebat IÌm determined on meeting Aeneas, determined to suffer turrim compactis trabibus quam eduxerat ipse death, however bitter: youÌll no longer see me ashamed, sister. subdideratque rotas pontisque instraverat altos. I beg you let me rage before I am maddened.Ì 'Iam iam fata soror superant; absiste morari; And, leaping swiftly from his chariot to the ground, quo deus et quo dura vocat Fortuna sequamur. he ran through enemy spears, deserting his grieving sister, Stat conferre manum Aeneae stat quidquid acerbi est and burst, in his quick passage, through the ranks. morte pati; neque me indecorem germana videbis As when a rock torn from the mountaintop by a storm amplius. Hunc oro sine me furere ante furorem.' hurtles downward, washed free by a tempest of rain Dixit et e curru saltum dedit ocius arvis or loosened in time by the passage of the years, perque hostis per tela ruit maestamque sororem and the wilful mass plunges down the slope in a mighty rush deserit ac rapido cursu media agmina rumpit. and leaps over the ground, rolling trees, herds and men Ac veluti montis saxum de vertice praeceps with it: so Turnus ran to the city walls through the broken ranks, cum ruit avulsum vento seu turbidus imber where the soil was most drenched with blood, and the air proluit aut annis solvit sublapsa vetustas; shrill with spears, signalled with his hand and began shouting aloud: fertur in abruptum magno mons improbus actu ËRutulians stop now, and you Latins hold back your spears. exsultatque solo silvas armenta virosque Whatever fate is here, is mine: it is better that I alone involvens secum: disiecta per agmina Turnus make reparation for the truce and decide it with the sword.Ì sic urbis ruit ad muros ubi plurima fuso All drew back, and left a space in their midst. sanguine terra madet striduntque hastilibus aurae significatque manu et magno simul incipit ore: 'Parcite iam Rutuli et vos tela inhibete Now Aeneas the leader hearing the name of Turnus quaecumque est Fortuna mea est: me verius unum left the walls, and left the high fortress, pro vobis foedus luere et decernere ferro.' cast aside all delay, broke off from every task, Discessere omnes medii spatiumque dedere. and exultant with delight clashed his weapons fiercely: vast as Mount Athos, or Mount Eryx, or vast as old Apennine At pater Aeneas audito nomine Turni himself when he roars through the glittering holm-oaks deserit et muros et summas deserit arces and joys in lifting his snowy summit to heaven. praecipitatque moras omnis opera omnia rumpit Now all truly turned their eyes, stripping the armour laetitia exsultans horrendumque intonat armis; from their shoulders, Rutulians, Trojans and Italians, quantus Athos aut quantus Eryx aut ipse coruscis those who held the high ramparts and those whose ram cum fremit ilicibus quantus gaudetque nivali battered at the walls beneath. Latinus himself was amazed vertice se attollens pater Appenninus ad auras. at these mighty men, born at opposite ends of the world, Iam vero et Rutuli certatim et Troes et omnes meeting and deciding the outcome with their swords. convertere oculos Itali quique alta tenebant As soon as the field was clear on the open plain, moenia quique imos pulsabant ariete muros they both dashed quickly forward, hurling their spears first armaque deposuere umeris. Stupet ipse Latinus from a distance, rushing, with shield and ringing bronze, ingentis genitos diversis partibus orbis to battle. The earth groaned: they redoubled their intense inter se coiisse viros et cernere ferro. sword-strokes, chance and skill mingled together. Atque illi ut vacuo patuerunt aequore campi And as when two bulls charge head to head in mortal battle, procursu rapido coniectis eminus hastis on mighty Sila or on TaburnusÌs heights, and in terror invadunt Martem clipeis atque aere sonoro. their keepers retreat, the whole herd stand silent with fear, Dat gemitum tellus; tum crebros ensibus ictus and the heifers wait, mute, to see who will be congeminant: fors et virtus miscentur in unum. lord of the forest, whom all the herds will follow, Ac velut ingenti Sila summove Taburno as they deal wounds to each other with immense force, cum duo conversis inimica in proelia tauri gore with butting horns, and bathe neck and shoulders frontibus incurrunt; pavidi cessere magistri in streaming blood, while all the wood echoes to their bellowing: stat pecus omne metu mutum mussantque iuvencae so Trojan Aeneas and the Daunian hero, Turnus, quis nemori imperitet quem tota armenta sequantur; clashed their shields, and the mighty crash filled the sky. illi inter sese multa vi volnera miscent Jupiter himself held up two evenly balanced scales cornuaque obnixi infigunt et sanguine largo before him, and placed in them the diverse fates of the two, colla armosque lavant; gemitu nemus omne remugit: to see whom the effort doomed, with whose weight death sank down. non alitur Tros Aeneas et Daunius heros Turnus leapt forward thinking himself safe, rose to the full height concurrunt clipeis; ingens fragor aethera complet. of his body with uplifted sword, and struck: the Trojans Iuppiter ipse duas aequato examine lances and the anxious Latins cried out, both armies were roused. sustinet et fata imponit diversa duorum But the treacherous blade snapped, and would have left the eager quem damnet labor et quo vergat pondere letum; warrior defenceless in mid-stroke, if immediate flight Emicat hic impune putans et corpore toto had not saved him. He ran swifter than the east wind, alte sublatum consurgit Turnus in ensem when he saw that strange hilt in his exposed right hand. et ferit: exclamant Troes trepidique Latini The tale is that in headlong haste, when he first mounted arrectaeque amborum acies. At perfidus ensis behind his yoked team for battle, he left his fatherÌs sword Frangitur in medioque ardentem deserit ictu . . . behind, and snatched up the blade of his charioteer, Metiscus: ni fuga subsidio subeat. Fugit ocior euro and that served him for a long while as the straggling Trojans ut capulum ignotum dextramque aspexit inermem. turned their backs, but the mortal blade flew apart Fama est praecipitem cum prima in proelia iunctos like brittle ice at the stroke, on meeting VulcanÌs conscendebat equos patrio mucrone relicto divine armour: and the fragments gleamed on the yellow sand. dum trepidat ferrum aurigae rapuisse Metisci. So Turnus ran madly this way and that over the plain, winding Idque diu dum terga dabant palantia Teucri aimless circles here and there: on all sides the Trojans suffecit: postquam arma dei ad Volcania ventumst imprisoned him in their crowded ring, and a vast marsh mortalis mucro glacies ceu futilis ictu penned him on one side, on the other the steep ramparts. dissiluit; fulva resplendent fragmina harena. Aenaeas, no less, though his knees, slowed at times Ergo amens diversa fuga petit aequora Turnus by the arrow wound, failed him and denied him speed, et nunc huc inde huc incertos implicat orbes pursued and pressed his anxious enemy hotly, foot to foot: undique enim densa Teucri inclusere corona as when a hound in the hunt presses on a stag, chasing atque hinc vasta palus hinc ardua moenia cingunt. and barking, one found trapped by the river or hedged in by fear of the crimson feathers: the stag, terrified Nec minus Aeneas quamquam tardata sagitta by the snares and the high banks, flies backwards and forwards interdum genua impediunt cursumque recusant a thousand ways, but the eager Umbrian clings close insequitur trepidique pedem pede fervidus urget: with gaping mouth, almost has him, and snaps his jaws inclusum veluti siquando flumine nanctus as though he holds him, baffled and biting empty air: cervum aut puniceae saeptum formidine pinnae Then a clamour breaks out indeed, the pools and banks venator cursu canis et latratibus instat; around echo, and the whole sky rings with the tumult. ille autem insidiis et ripa territus alta As he fled Turnus chided the Rutulians, calling on each mille fugit refugitque vias; at vividus Umber by name and calling out for his own familiar sword. haeret hians iam iamque tenet similisque tenenti Aeneas in turn threatened death and immediate destruction increpuit malis morsuque elusus inani est. if any one approached, and terrified his trembling enemies Tum vero exoritur clamor ripaeque lacusque threatening to raze the city, and pressing on though wounded. responsant circa et caelum tonat omne tumultu. They completed five circuits, and unwound as many, Ille simul fugiens Rutulos simul increpat omnis this way and that: since they sought for no paltry prize nomine quemque vocans notumque efflagitat ensem. at the games, but vied for TurnusÌs life blood. Aeneas mortem contra praesensque minatur exitium si quisquam adeat terretque trementis excisurum urbem minitans et saucius instat. By chance this was the place where a bitter-leaved Quinque orbis explent cursu totidemque retexunt wild olive, sacred to Faunus, had stood, a tree revered huc illuc; neque enim levia aut ludicra petuntur by sailors of old, where, when saved from the sea, they used praemia sed Turni de vita et sanguine certant. to hang their gifts to the Laurentine god, and the votive garments: Forte sacer Fauno foliis oleaster amaris but the Trojans had removed the sacred trunk, allowing hic steterat nautis olim venerabile lignum of no exceptions, in order to fight on open ground. servati ex undis ubi figere dona solebant Here stood AeneasÌs spear, its impetus had carried it there, Laurenti divo et votas suspendere vestes fixed and held fast by the tough roots. The Trojan halted, sed stirpem Teucri nullo discrimine sacrum intending to pluck out the steel with his hand, sustulerant puro ut possent concurrere campo. and pursue the man he couldnÌt catch by running, Hic hasta Aeneae stabat huc impetus illam with his javelin. Then Turnus mad with anxiety indeed cried: detulerat fixam et lenta in radice tenebat. ËFaunus, pity me, I pray, and you, most gracious Earth Incubuit voluitque manu convellere ferrum if I have every honoured your rites that the sons of Aeneas Dardanides teloque sequi quem prendere cursu have instead defiled by war, retain the steel.Ì non poterat. Tum vero amens formidine Turnus He spoke, and did not invoke the power of heaven in vain, 'Faune precor miserere since Aeneas could not prise open the woodÌs grip, terra tene colui vestros si semper honores by any show of strength, though he wrestled long and lingered quos contra Aeneadae bello fecere profanos.' over the strong stump. While he tugged and strained fiercely, Juturna, Dixit opemque dei non cassa in vota vocavit. the Daunian goddess, changing again to the shape of Metiscus, Namque diu luctans lentoque in stirpe moratus the charioteer, ran forward and restored his sword to her brother. viribus haud ullis valuit discludere morsus But Venus, enraged that this was allowed the audacious nymph, roboris Aeneas. Dum nititur acer et instat approached, and plucked the javelin from the deep root. rursus in aurigae faciem mutata Metisci Refreshed with weapons and courage, one relying on his sword, procurrit fratrique ensem dea Daunia reddit. the other towering fiercely with his spear, both breathing hard, Quod Venus audaci nymphae indignata licere they stood, tall, face to face, in martial conflict. adcessit telumque alta ab radice revellit. Olli sublimes armis animisque refecti hic gladio fidens hic acer et arduus hasta The king of almighty Olympus meanwhile was speaking adsistunt contra certamina Martis anheli. to Juno, as she gazed at the fighting from a golden cloud: Iunonem interea rex omnipotentis Olympi ËWife, what will the end be now? What will be left in the end? adloquitur fulva pugnas de nube tuentem: You know yourself, and confess you know, that Aeneas, 'Qua iam finis erit coniunx? Quid denique restat? is destined for heaven as the nationÌs god: the Fates raise him to the stars. Indigetem Aenean scis ipsa et scire fateris What are you planning? What hope do you cling to in the cold clouds? deberi caelo fatisque ad sidera tolli. Was it right that this god be defiled by a mortalÌs wound? Quid struis aut qua spe gelidis in nubibus haeres? Or that the lost sword (for what could Juturna achieve without you?) Mortalin decuit violari volnere divom be restored to Turnus, the defeated gaining new strength? aut ensem (quid enim sine te Iuturna valeret?) Now cease, at last, and give way to my entreaties, ereptum reddi Turno et vim crescere victis? lest such sadness consume you in silence, and your bitter Desine iam tandem precibusque inflectere nostris woes stream back to me often from your sweet lips. [ni te tantus edit tacitam dolor et mihi curae It has reached its end. You have had the power to drive saepe tuo dulci tristes ex ore recursent ] the Trojans over land and sea, to stir up evil war, ventum ad supremum est. Terris agitare vel undis to mar a house, and mix marriage with grief: Troianos potuisti infandum adcendere bellum I forbid you to attempt more.Ì So Jupiter spoke: deformare domum et luctu miscere hymenaeos: so, with humble look, the Saturnian goddess replied: ulterius temptare veto.' Sic Iuppiter orsus; ËGreat Jupiter, truly, it was because I knew it was your wish sic dea submisso contra Saturnia voltu: that I parted reluctantly from Turnus and the Earth: 'Ista quidem quia nota mihi tua magne voluntas or you would not see me alone now, on my celestial perch, Iuppiter et Turnum et terras invita reliqui; enduring the just and the unjust, but IÌd be standing, wreathed in flame, nec tu me aeria solam nunc sede videres in the battle line itself, and drawing the Trojans into deadly combat. digna indigna pati sed flammis cincta sub ipsa I counselled Juturna (I confess) to help her unfortunate brother starem acie traheremque inimica in proelia Teucros. and approved greater acts of daring for the sake of his life, Iuturnam misero fateor succurrere fratri yet not for her to contend with the arrow or the bow: suasi et pro vita maiora audere probavi I swear it by the implacable fountainhead of Styx, non ut tela tamen non ut contenderet arcum: that alone is held in awe by the gods above. adiuro Stygii caput implacabile fontis And now I yield, yes, and leave the fighting I loathe. una superstitio superis quae reddita divis. Yet I beg this of you, for LatiumÌs sake, for the majesty Et nunc cedo equidem pugnasque exosa relinquo. of your own kin: since it is not prohibited by any law of fate: Illud te nulla fati quod lege tenetur when they soon make peace with happy nuptials (so be it) pro Latio obtestor pro maiestate tuorum: when they join together soon in laws and treaties, cum iam conubis pacem felicibus esto donÌt order the native Latins to change their ancient name, component cum iam leges et foedera iungent to become Trojans or be called Teucrians, ne vetus indigenas nomen mutare Latinos or change their language, or alter their clothing. neu Troas fieri iubeas Teucrosque vocari Let Latium still exist, let there be Alban kings through the ages, aut vocem mutare viros aut vertere vestem. let there be Roman offspring strong in Italian virtue: Sit Latium sint Albani per saecula reges Troy has fallen, let her stay fallen, along with her name.Ì sit Romana potens Itala virtute propago: Smiling at her, the creator of men and things replied: occidit occideritque sinas cum nomine Troia.' ËYou are a true sister of Jove, another child of Saturn, Olli subridens hominum rerumque repertor such waves of anger surge within your heart. 'Es germana Iovis Saturnique altera proles: Come, truly, calm this passion that was needlessly roused: irarum tantos volvis sub pectore fluctus. I grant what you wish, and I relent, willingly defeated. Verum age et inceptum frustra submitte furorem AusoniaÌs sons will keep their fatherÌs speech and manners, do quod vis et me victusque volensque remitto. as their name is, so it will be: the Trojans shall sink, merged Sermonem Ausonii patrium moresque tenebunt into the mass, only. I will add sacred laws and rites, utque est nomen erit; commixti corpore tantum and make them all Latins of one tongue. subsident Teucri. Morem ritusque sacrorum From them a race will rise, merged with Ausonian blood, adiciam faciamque omnis uno ore Latinos. that you will see surpass men and gods in virtue, Hinc genus Ausonio mixtum quod sanguine surget no nation will celebrate your rites with as much devotion.Ì supra homines supra ire deos pietate videbis Juno agreed it, and joyfully altered her purpose: nec gens ulla tuos aeque celebrabit honores.' then left her cloud, and departed from the sky. Adnuit his Iuno et mentem laetata retorsit. Interea excedit caelo nubemque relinquit. This done the Father turns something else over in his mind His actis aliud genitor secum ipse volutat and prepares to take Juturna from her brotherÌs side. Iuturnamque parat fratris dimittere ab armis. Men speak of twin plagues, named the Dread Ones, Dicuntur geminae pestes cognomine Dirae whom Night bore untimely, in one birth with Tartarean Megaera, quas et Tartaream Nox intempesta Megaeram wreathing them equally in snaky coils, and adding wings swift uno eodemque tulit partu paribusque revinxit as the wind. They wait by JoveÌs throne on the fierce kingÌs serpentum spiris ventosasque addidit alas. threshold, and sharpen the fears of weak mortals Hae Iovis ad solium saevique in limine regis whenever the king of the gods sends plagues adparent acuuntque metum mortalibus aegris and deathÌs horrors, or terrifies guilty cities with war. siquando letum horrificum morbosque deum rex Jupiter sent one of them quickly down from heavenÌs heights molitur meritas aut bello territat urbes. and ordered her to meet with Juturna as a sign: Harum unam celerem demisit ab aethere summo she flew, and darted to earth in a swift whirlwind. Iuppiter inque omen Iuturnae occurrere iussit. Like an arrow loosed from the string, through the clouds, Illa volat celerique ad terram turbine fertur. that a Parthian, a Parthian or a Cydonian, fired, Non secus ac nervo per nubem impulsa sagitta hissing, and leaping unseen through the swift shadows, armatam saevi Parthus quam felle veneni a shaft beyond all cure, armed with cruel poisonÌs venom: Parthus sive Cydon telum immedicabile torsit so sped the daughter of Night, seeking the earth. stridens et celeris incognita transilit umbras: As soon as she saw the Trojan ranks and TurnusÌs troops, talis se sata Nocte tulit terrasque petivit. she changed her shape, suddenly shrinking to the form of that Postquam acies videt Iliacas atque agmina Turni small bird that perching at night on tombs or deserted rooftops, alitis in parvae subitam conlecta figuram often sings her troubling song so late among the shadows Ä quae quondam in bustis aut culminibus desertis and the fiend flew screeching to and fro in front nocte sedens serum canit importuna per umbras of TurnusÌs face, and beat at his shield with her wings. hanc versa in faciem Turni se pestis ob ora A strange numbness loosed his limbs in dread, fertque refertque sonans clipeumque everberat alis. his hair stood up in terror, and his voice clung to his throat. Olli membra novus solvit formidine torpor But when his wretched sister Juturna recognised the Dread OneÌs adrectaeque horrore comae et vox faucibus haesit. whirring wings in the distance, she tore at her loosened hair, marring At procul ut Dirae stridorem adgnovit et alas her face with her nails, and her breasts with her clenched hands: infelix crinis scindit Iuturna solutos ËWhat help can your sister give you now, Turnus? unguibus ora soror foedans et pectora pugnis: What is left for me who have suffered so? With what art 'Quid nunc te tua Turne potest germana iuvare? can I prolong your life? Can I stand against such a portent? Aut quid iam durae superat mihi? Qua tibi lucem Now at last I leave the ranks. Bird of ill-omen, do not you arte morer? Talin possum me opponere monstro? terrify me who already am afraid: I know your wing-beats Iam iam linquo acies. Ne me terrete timentem and their fatal sound, and I do not mistake the proud command obscenae volucres: alarum verbera nosco of great-hearted Jupiter. Is this his reward for my virginity? letalemque sonum nec fallunt iussa superba Why did he grant me eternal life? Why is the mortal condition magnanimi Iovis. Haec pro virginitate reponit? taken from me? Then, at least, I could end such pain Quo vitam dedit aeternam? Cur mortis ademptast and go through the shadows at my poor brotherÌs side! condicio? Possem tantos finire dolores An immortal, I? Can anything be sweet to me without you nunc certe et misero fratri comes ire per umbras! my brother? Oh what earth can gape deep enough for me, Immortalis ego? Aut quicquam mihi dulce meorum to send a goddess down to the deepest Shades?Ì te sine frater erit? O quae satis ima dehiscet So saying she veiled her head in a grey mantle, and the goddess, terra mihi Manisque deam demittet ad imos?' with many a cry of grief, plunged into the riverÌs depths. Tantum effata caput glauco contexit amictu multa gemens et se fluvio dea condidit alto. Aeneas pressed on, brandishing his great spear like a tree, Aeneas instat contra telumque coruscat and, angered at heart, he cried out in this way: ingens arboreum et saevo sic pectore fatur: ËWhy now yet more delay? Why do you still retreat, Turnus? 'Quae nunc deinde mora est? Aut quid iam Turne retractas? We must compete hand to hand with fierce weapons, not by running. Non cursu saevis certandum est comminus armis. Change into every form: summon up all your powers Verte omnis tete in facies et contrahe quidquid of mind and art, wing your way if you wish sive animis sive arte vales; opta ardua pennis to the high stars, or hide in earthÌs hollow prison.Ì astra sequi clausumve cava te condere terra.' Turnus shook his head: ËFierce man, your fiery words Ille caput quassans 'Non me tua fervida terrent donÌt frighten me: the gods terrify me and JupiterÌs enmity.Ì dicta ferox: di me terrent et Iuppiter hostis.' Saying no more he looked round seeing a great rock, Nec plura effatus saxum circumspicit ingens a vast ancient stone, that happened to lie there in the plain, saxum antiquum ingens campo quod forte iacebat set up as a boundary marker, to distinguish fields in dispute. limes agro positus litem ut discerneret arvis. Twelve picked men, men of such form as Earth Vix illud lecti bis sex cervice subirent now produces, could scarcely have lifted it on their shoulders, qualia nunc hominum producit corpora tellus: but the hero, grasping it quickly, rising to his full height ille manu raptum trepida torquebat in hostem and as swiftly as he could, hurled it at his enemy. altior insurgens et cursu concitus heros. But he did not know himself, running or moving Sed neque currentem se nec cognoscit euntem raising the great rock in his hands, or throwing: tollentemve manus saxumve immane moventem; his knees gave way, his blood was frozen cold. genua labant gelidus concrevit frigore sanguis. The stone itself, whirled by the warrior through the empty air, Tum lapis ipse viri vacuum per inane volutus failed to travel the whole distance, or drive home with force. nec spatium evasit totum neque pertulit ictum. As in dreams when languid sleep weighs down our eyes at night, Ac velut in somnis oculos ubi languida pressit we seem to try in vain to follow our eager path, nocte quies nequiquam avidos extendere cursus and collapse helpless in the midst of our efforts, velle videmur et in mediis conatibus aegri the tongue wonÌt work, the usual strength is lacking succidimus non lingua valet non corpore notae from our limbs, and neither word nor voice will come: sufficiunt vires nec vox aut verba sequuntur: so the dread goddess denied Turnus success, sic Turno quacumque viam virtute petivit however courageously he sought to find a way. successum dea dira negat. Tum pectore sensus Then shifting visions whirled through his brain: vertuntur varii. Rutulos aspectat et urbem he gazed at the Rutulians, and at the city, faltered cunctaturque metu letumque instare tremescit; in fear, and shuddered at the death that neared, nec quo se eripiat nec qua vi tendat in hostem he saw no way to escape, no power to attack his enemy, nec currus usquam videt aurigamve sororem. nor sign of his chariot, nor his sister, his charioteer. Cunctanti telum Aeneas fatale coruscat As he wavered, Aeneas shook his fateful spear, sortitus fortunam oculis et corpore toto seeing a favourable chance, and hurled it from the distance eminus intorquet. Murali concita numquam with all his might. Stone shot from a siege engine tormento sic saxa fremunt nec fulmine tanti never roared so loud, such mighty thunder never burst dissultant crepitus. Volat atri turbinis instar from a lightning bolt. Like a black hurricane the spear flew on exitium dirum hasta ferens orasque recludit bearing dire destruction, and pierced the outer circle loricae et clipei extremos septemplicis orbes. of the seven-fold shield, the breastplateÌs lower rim, Per medium stridens transit femur. Incidit ictus and, hissing, passed through the centre of the thigh. ingens ad terram duplicato poplite Turnus. Great Turnus sank, his knee bent beneath him, under the blow. Consurgunt gemitu Rutuli totusque remugit The Rutulians rose up, and groaned, and all the hills around mons circum et vocem late nemora alta remittunt re-echoed, and, far and wide, the woods returned the sound. Ille humilis supplexque oculos dextramque precantem He lowered his eyes in submission and stretched out his right hand: protendens 'Equidem merui nec deprecor ' inquit: ËI have earned this, I ask no mercyÌ he said, 'utere sorte tua. Miseri te siqua parentis Ëseize your chance. If any concern for a parentÌs grief tangere cura potest oro (fuit et tibi talis can touch you (you too had such a father, in Anchises) Anchises genitor) Dauni miserere senectae I beg you to pity DaunusÌs old age and return me, et me seu corpus spoliatum lumine mavis or if you prefer it my body robbed of life, to my people. redde meis. Vicisti et victum tendere palmas You are the victor, and the Ausonians have seen me Ausonii videre; tua est Lavinia coniunx: stretch out my hands in defeat: Lavinia is your wife, ulterius ne tende odiis.' Stetit acer in armis donÌt extend your hatred further.Ì Aeneas stood, fierce Aeneas volvens oculos dextramque repressit; in his armour, his eyes flickered, and he held back his hand: et iam iamque magis cunctantem flectere sermo and even now, as he paused, the words began to move him coeperat infelix umero cum apparuit alto more deeply, when high on TurnusÌs shoulder young PallasÌs balteus et notis fulserunt cingula bullis luckless sword-belt met his gaze, the strap glinting with its familiar Pallantis pueri victum quem volnere Turnus decorations, he whom Turnus, now wearing his enemyÌs emblems straverat atque umeris inimicum insigne gerebat. on his shoulder, had wounded and thrown, defeated, to the earth. Ille oculis postquam saevi monimenta doloris As soon as his eyes took in the trophy, a memory of cruel grief, exuviasque hausit furiis accensus et ira Aeneas, blazing with fury, and terrible in his anger, cried: terribilis 'Tune hinc spoliis indute meorum ËShall you be snatched from my grasp, wearing the spoils eripiare mihi? Pallas te hoc volnere Pallas of one who was my own? Pallas it is, Pallas, who sacrifices you immolat et poenam scelerato ex sanguine sumit ' with this stroke, and exacts retribution from your guilty blood.Ì hoc dicens ferrum adverso sub pectore condit So saying, burning with rage, he buried his sword deep fervidus. Ast illi solvuntur frigore membra in TurnusÌs breast: and then TurnusÌs limbs grew slack vitaque cum gemitu fugit indignata sub umbras. with death, and his life fled, with a moan, angrily, to the Shades. 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