The History of the Periodic Table of Elements


Facts about the Elements

List of Elements and how they were discovered

Actinium: was discovered in 1899 by André-Louis Debierne

Alluminum: was discovered in 1825 by Hans Christian Oersted

Americium: was discovered in 1944 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso

Antimony: has been known since anciend times

Argon: was discovered in 1894 by Sir William Ramsay, Lord Rayleigh

Arsenic: has been known since ancient times

Astatine: was discovered in 1940 by Dale R. Carson, K.R. MacKenzie, Emilio Segrè

Barium: was discovered in 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy

Berkelium: was discovered in 1949 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Stanley G. Thompson, Albert Ghiorso

Berylium: was discovered in 1798 by Louis-Nicholas Vauquelin

Busmuth: was discovered in 1753 by Claude Geoffroy the Younger

Bohrium: was discovered in 1976 by Scientists at Dubna, Russia

Boron: was discovered in 1808 by Joseph-Louis, Gay-Lussac,  Louis-Jaques Thénard, Sir Humphry Davy

Bromine: was discovered in 1826 by Antoine-Jérôme Balard

Cadmium: was discovered in 1817 by Friedrich Strohmeyer

Calcium: was discovered in 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy

Californium: was discovered in 1950 by Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso

Carbon: has been known since ancient times

Cerium: was discovered in 1803 by Jöns Jacob Berzelius, Wilhelm von Hisinger, Martin Heinrich Klaproth

Cesium: was discovered in1860 by Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, Gustav Robert Kirchoff

Chlorine: was discovered in 1774 Carl Wilhelm Scheele

Chromium: was discovered in 1797 by Louis-Nicholas Vauquelin

Cobalt: was discovered in 1739 by Georg Brandt

Copper: has been known since ancient times

Curium: was discovered in 1944 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso

Darmstadium: was discovered in 1994 by Peter Armbruster, Gottfried Münzenber

Dubnium: was discovered by Scientists at Dubna, Russia in 1967 and Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 1970

Dysprosium: was discovered in 1886 by Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran

Einsteinium: was discovered in 1952 by Albert Ghiorso

Erbium: was discovered in 1843 by Carl Gustaf Mosander

Europium: was discovered in 1896 Eugène-Antole Demarçay

Fermium: was discovered in 1952 by Albert Ghiorso

Fluorine: was discovered in 1886 by Ferdinand Frederic, Henri Moissan

Francium: was discovered in 1939 by Marguerite Catherine Perey

Gadolinium: was discovered in 1880 by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac

Gallium: was discovered in 1875 by Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran

Germainium: was discovered in 1886 by Clemens Winkler

Gold: has been known since ancient times

Hafnium: was discovered in 1923 by Dirk Coster, Charles de Hevesy

Hassium: was discovered in 1984 by Peter Armbruster, Gottfried Münzenber

Helium: was discovered in 1868 by Pierre-Jules-César Janssen

Holmium: was discovered in 1879 by Per Theodor Cleve

Hydrogen: was discovered in 1766 by Henry Cavendish

Indium: was discovered in 1863 by Ferdinand Reich, Hieronymus Theodor Richter

Iodine: was discovered in 1811 by Barnard Courtois

Iridium: was discovered in 1803 by Smithson Tennant

Iron: has been known since ancient times

Krypton: was discovered in 1898 by Sir William Ramsay, Morris M. Travers

Lanthanum: was discovered in 1839 by Carl Gustaf Mosander

Lawrencium: was discovered in 1961 by Albert Ghiorso, Torbjørn Sikkeland, Almon E. Larsh, Robert M. Latimer

Lead: has been known since ancient times

Lithium: was discovered in 1817 by Johann August Arfvedson

Lutetium: was discovered in 1907 by Georges Urbain

Magnesium: was discovered in 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy

Manganese: was discovered in 1774 by Johan Gottlieb Gahn

Meitnerium: was discovered in 1980 Peter Armbruster, Gottfried Münzenber

Mendelevium: was discovered in 1955 by Stanley G. Thompson ,Glenn T. Seaborg, Bernard G. Harvey, Gregory R. Choppin, Albert Ghiorso

Mercury: has been known since ancient times

Molybdenum: was discovered in 1778 by Carl Welhelm Scheele

Neodymium: was discovered in 1885 by Carl F. Auer von Welsbach

Neon: was discovered in 1898 by Sir William Ramsay, Morris M. Travers

Neptunium: was discovered in 1940 by Edwin M. McMillian, Philip H. Abelson

Nickel: was discovered in 1751 by Axel Fredrik Cronstedt

Niobium: was discovered in 1801 by Charles Hatchett

Nitrogen: was discovered in 1772 by Daniel Rutherford

Nobelium: was discovered in 1958 by Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Torbørn Sikkeland, John R. Walton

Osmium: was discovered in 1803

Oxygen: was recognised as an element in 1774 by Joseph Priestley

Palladium: was discovered in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston

Phosphorus: was discovered in 1669 by Hennig Brand

Platimun: was discovered in 1735 by Antonio de Ulloa

Plutonium: was discovered in 1941 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edward M. McMillan, Arthur C. Wohl

Polonium: was discovered in 1898

Potassium: was discovered in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy

Praseodymium: was discovered in 1885 by Carl F. Auer von Welsbach

Promethium: was discovered in 1944 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin, Charles D. Coryell

Protactinium: was discovered in 1913 by Kasimir Fajans, O.H. Göhring

Radium: was discovered in 1898 by Marie Sklodowska Curie, Pierre Curie

Radon: was discovered in 1900 bu Friedrich Ernst Dorn

Rhenium: was discovered in 1925 by Ida Tacke-Noddack, Walter Noddack, Otto Carl Berg

Rhodium: was discovered in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston

Rubidium: was discovered in 1861 by Robert Bunsen, Gustav Kirchoff

Ruthenium: was discovered in 1844 by Karl Karlovich Klaus

Rutherfordium: was discovered Scientists at Dubna, Russia in 1964 and Albert Ghiorso in 1969

Samarium: was discovered in 1853 by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac

Scandium: was discovered in 1879 by Lars Fredrik Nilson

Seaborgium: was discovered in 1974 by Albert Ghiorso

Selenium: was descovered in 1817 by Jöns Jacob Berzelius

Silicon: was discovered in 1924 by Jöns Jacob Berzelius

Silver: has been known since ancient times

Sodium: was discovered in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy

Strontium: was discovered in 1790 by Adair Crawford

Sulfur: has been known since ancient times

Tantalum: was discovered in 1802 by Anders Gustaf Ekenberg

Technetium: was discovered in 1937 by Carlo Perrier, Emilio Segrè

Tellurium: was discovered in 1782 by Franz Joseph Müller von Reichenstein

Terbium: was discovered in 1843 by Carl Gustaf Mosander

Thallium: was discovered in 1861 by Sir William Crookes

Thorium: was discovered in 1828 by Jöns Jacob Berzelius

Thulium: was discovered in 1879 by Per Theodor Cleve

Tin: has been known since ancient times

Titanium: was discovered in 1791 by The Reverend William Gregor

Tungsten: was discovered in 1783 by Juan José, Fausto Elhuyar

Ununbium: was discovered in 1996 by Peter Armbruster, Gottfried Münzenber

Ununhexium: has never sucessfully been produced

Ununpentium: has never been sucessfully been produced

Ununquadium: was discovered in 1998 by Scientists at Dubna, Russia

Ununseptium: has never been sucessfull produced

Ununtrium: has never sucessfully been produced

Unununium: was produced in 1994 by Peter Armbruster, Gottfried Münzenber

Uranium: was discovered in 1789 by Martin Heinrich Klaproth

Vanadium: was discovered by Andrés Manuel del Rio in 1801 and by Nils Gabriel Sefstrôm in 1830

Xenon: was discovered in 1898 by Sir William Ramsay, Morris M. Travers

Ytterbium: was discovered in 1878 by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac

Yttrium: was discovered in 1789 by Johan Gadolin

Zinc: has been known since ancient times

Zirconium: was discovered in 1789 by Martin Heinrich Klaproth
 
 

Facts about Certain Elements:

Hydrogen: it is the primary component for the Planet Jupiter, it's melting point is 10 points above absolute zero.

Helium: This is first the inert gas in the periodic tabel of the elements.

Nitrogen: has several odd valencies. (NO, NO2, N2O4, N2O),

Carbon: it is the basic building block for all life on Earth

Technetium: This is a synthetic element and has not been found naturally because of it's radioactivity.



 
 

Models of the Periodic Table

Timothy Stowe's Model:

This model of the periodic table made by Dr. Timmothy Stowe's periodic table places elements in distinct levels. This specific model is mapped with 3 dimensions, and have three axes to represent the principal quantam number, {n} the orbital quantam number,{ l} and the orbital magnetic quantam number,{ ml}
 

Theodor Benfey's Model:





This periodic table is based around the atomic number increasing in an order. Hydrogen is in the center and all  the other elements radiate from it.

Emil Zmaczynski's Model
 
 

This model of the periodic table is similar in it's groupings to the traditional model. .The lanthanides and actinides are able to be added  in the main body of the table according to their atomic number because of the triangular shape
 
 

Albert Tarantola's Model:

This is a not poperly known version of the periodic table. It's order of the elements is difficult to follow. However the design looks familiar to the modern model.
 

Dimitri Mendeleev's Model:

This is the original Periodic Table. Dimitri Mendeleev Aranged the elements in the order of their atomic mass. The blanks in the table represend elements Mendeleev assumed existed but were undiscovered at that time.
 
 

Modern Model:

This version of the Periodic is seen in nearly all chemestry labs.It is made of vertical groups and horizontal periods. Most elements in a vertical group typically have the same number of electrons in outer shell.  Elements in horizontal periods have the same number of valence electrons. This table shows the atomic number and other stats about all the elements.


Dmitri Mendeleev and his importance to the Periodic Table

Dmitri Mendeleev was borin in Siberia in 1834. His goal was to make a pattern for indentifying the elements. He noticed that some elements had similar chemical and physical characteristics.Mendeleev assumed this would be the way to form the pattern. Mendeleev noticed a pattern appearing when he tried to arange the elements by their increasing atomic mass. He also discovered valency and he ordered them by the number of valence electrons. After aranging all the elements, he noticed that there were three empty spaces, he hypothesised that those three spaces would be filled by elements not yet discovered. Mendeleev also predicted the properties of these elements using his table. The elements were later found and they were ver similar to Mendeleev's predictions.
 

Conclusion

In Conclusion, the periodic table of elements has come a long way since the earlier days, and there may never be a completely accurate way of aranging the elements. The periodic table will continue to grow and more elements will be found. Maybe one day, we will however find the best way to arange them, but only time will tell.


Bibliography

"The Periodic Table of the Elements "
http://www.upei.ca/~physics/p221/pro00/periodicTble/

"Interesting Modern Versions of the Periodic Table "
http://www.upei.ca/~physics/p221/pro00/periodicTble/page4.html

"History of the Periodic Table"
http://web.buddyproject.org/web017/web017/history.html

"The Development of the Periodic Table"
http://www.chemsoc.org/viselements/pages/history.html

"A Quick Look at the History of the Periodic Table "
http://periodictable.com/pages/AAE_History.html

"History of the Periodic Table of Elements"
http://www.ausetute.com.au/pthistor.html

"A Short History of the Periodic Table"
http://www.groton.k12.ct.us/WWW/fsr/student/fall01/short.html

"Mendeleev's Table"
http://pearl1.lanl.gov/periodic/mendeleev.htm

"Periodic Table of The Elements (Janet Form)"
http://web.ccr.jussieu.fr/tarantola/Files/Professional/Mendeleev/

“Who discovered the elements?”
http://education.jlab.org/qa/discover_ele.html
 


Hosted by www.Geocities.ws

1