WHAT CAN WOMEN DO IN CHURCHES?
By Raymond Cox

Did Paul order women to shut up in all church services? Many think he � did, appealing to his alleged command in 1 Cor. 14: "Let your women keep � silent in the churches." If this means what partisans suppose, it is an � absolute, blanket prohibition of women from uttering a single sound of any � kind in a service, including preaching, testifying, singing, praising, � making announcements, reading scriptures, and any other exercise of their � vocal chords. Because the Greek word keep silent (SIGAO) means absolute � silence.

Now if Paul meant that, there are contradictions in the Bible! � Because time and time again we have references in the New Testament to � women's ministries! On the day of Pentecost St. Peter telescoped into the � church age the Old Testament's licenses to women prophesying!

Have you ever read Acts 2:15-18? "For these are not drunken, as ye � suppose, seeing it is but the third hour of the day." But this is that � which was spoken by the prophet Joel; And it shall come to pass in the � last days, saith God, I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh: and � your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, and your young men shall see � visions, and your old men shall dream dreams: And on my servants and on � my handmaidens I will pour out in those days of my Spirit; and they shall � prophesy:" (KJV). Does this passage contradict 1 Corinthians 14:--. If � the male chauvinist churchmen are correct that Paul ordered women to shut � up in church, 1 Corinthians 14 itself has a contradiction. Verse 31 � rebuts verse 34! Paul licenses all to prophecy in services: "For ye may � all prophesy one by one..." And in chapter 11 verse 4 he specifically � includes women praying and prophesying! I suppose one might pray in � silence but whoever heard of keeping silent while prophesying?

In so short an article as this it is impossible to cover the whole subject � of women's vocal ministries in church services. But let us look at � another alleged prohibition: 1 Timothy 2:12 (KJV) "But I suffer not a � woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be in � silence."

Now this passage prohibits bossy wives, not women preachers. The � context requires understanding that Paul is teaching about women at home, � not women at church! They were to learn at home from their husbands who � mostly had gone to school, been educated, while most women had not. The � activities to which Paul specifically refers women performed at home, � never at church. Cf. Rev. 2:20 where obviously Jesus permits women to � teach truth but not error.

Paul did suffer a woman to teach a man. He probably encouraged � Prisca/Priscilla to teach Apollos (Cf. Acts 18:26). She doubtless taught � many others because she was a woman co-pastor of the "church that is (was) � in their house" (Romans 16:5)--the church that is in THEIR house, not the � church that is in HIS (Aquila's) house! Paul did suffer a woman to teach � at church but forbad her to usurp authority over her husband at home The � passage could not be clearer!

The continuation of this article in the next issue will explore the real � meaning of 1 Cor. 14.37 and show how women occupied all the ministry gift � offices in the apostolic church!

The previous issue of OROMHIRADO established the vocal women's � ministries are valid in churches despite alleged prohibitions like 1 Cor. � 14:37 and 1 Timothy 2:12. This sequel will demonstate how certain women � in the apostolic church exercised all five ministry gifts Paul listed in � Ephesians 4:11, before presenting the true explanation of the passage � beginning, "Let your women keep silent in the churches"!

The New Testament names women as occupying four of the five-fold � offices, apostles, prophets, pastors, and teachers. And apostolic church � history shows a woman travelling as an evangelist!

Could a woman be an apostle? Junia was, in conjunction with her � husband Andronicus (cf. Romans 16:7) The King James Version sounds � ambivalent in calling them "of note among the apostles". The New Revised � Standard Version (which I consider usually the most accurate of all � translations) has: "They are prominent among the apostles." The New � Century Version, which I have seen in Hungary, probably translates it � best: "They are very important apostles." Now some versions because of � male chauvinist prejudices change Junia to Junias, making her a man, but � Junias was never known as a man's name in the Graeco-Roman world, � while JUNIA was common name for a woman!

Could a woman be a prophet? Philip's four daughters were (cf. Acts � 21.9, also Acts 2:15-18. Could a woman be a pastor? Phoebe is often� recognized as pastor of the church at Cenchrea (cf. Rom. 16:1-2), and � Prisca/Priscilla was certainly both a pastor and a teacher in the church � in their house (cf. Acts 18:26, Rom 16:3-5). And the German scholar � Harnack believed she was the actual author of the Epistle to the Hebrews!

Now there is no woman named as an evangelist in the New Testament. � Only one man is so named, Phillip (Acts 21.9). But church history of the � first century knows with women evangelists, the most prominent of whom was � Thekla in what is now Turkey. I visited her tomb at Silifke. "The Acts � of Paul and Thekla," while not belonging in the canon of Scripture, is � regarded as an accuate historical account their ministry. So women � occupied the five-fold ministries of Eph. 4!

But what of Paul's alleged prohibition in 1 Cor. 14:37? A host of � Bible scholars agree that Elizabeth Barret Montgomery gives the right � interpretation in her Centenary New Testament: "In your congregation" � [you write], "as in all the churches of the saints, let the women keep � silence in the churches, for they are not permitted to speak. On the � contrary, let them be subordinate, as also says the law. And if they want � to learn anything, let them ask their own husbands at home, for it is � shameful for a woman to speak in church." Notice she puts the prohibition � in quotes. Then she translated Paul's disclaimer of the idea: What, was � it from you that the Word of God went forth, or to you only did it come? � And she adds a note explaining how this is one of several quotes Paul � refutes of Corninthian ideas presented to him by a communication from � them! The Corinthians could have had such a "law" but you won't find � anything like it in the Bible! Certainly no Biblical law enjoined silence � on women. A local rule of the church had to be meant!

Constraints of space prevent more detailed consideration of this � matter. However, the consistent teaching of the Bible indicates that � women could and did minister orally in the apostolic church. To hold � otherwise is to assert that there are contradictions in the Bible. Perish � the thought!

According to the Bible a woman can do anything in the church that a � man can do. A woman can be anything in the church a man can be--EXCEPT � the husband of one wife (cf. 1 Tim. 3:2)!

Return to Home Page
Hosted by www.Geocities.ws

1