Social Studies Chapter 3

You need to know the definitions of the following terms:

1. compass

2. conclusion

3. encounter

4. exploration

5. isthmus

6. knoll

7. navigation

8. scurvy

You need to be able to match the following names and descriptions:

1. Prince Henry - the Portuguese leader who started a school for navigators

2. Giovanni Caboto - the Italian explorer who landed in present-day Newfoundland but told people he had found Cathay

3. Ferdinand Magellan - European who proved it was possible to reach Asia by sailing west from Europe

4. Leif Eriksson - leader of the first Europeans to visit the Americas

5. Pacific Ocean - body of water reached by Spanish explorer Vasco Nunez Balboa

6. Constantinople - city captured by the Turks, closing off ttrade routes between Europe and Asia

7. Vikings - first European people known to have visitted the Americas

8. Vinland - name of the first European settlement in the Americas

9.  Vasco DaGama - Portuguese explorer who found a sea route to Asia by sailing around Africa

10. Martin Behaim - first European to make a globe

11. Amerigo Vespucci - Italian explorer who figured out that Columbus had not reached Asia

12. Guanahani - local name for the island on which Columbbus first landed

13. Marco Polo - European whose descriptions of the riches of China made traders want to go to Asia

14. Bartholomeu Dias - Portuguese explorer who was the first European to sail around the southern tip of Africa

You need to know the following sequence of events from the story of European exploration:

The trade routes between Europe and Asia are closed off.

The first European school for training sailors in navigation is set up.

Christopher Columbus receives support from Spain to sail to Asia.

Amerigo Vespucci concludes that Columbus did not reach Asia.

Vasco Nunez de Balboa proved that Vespucci was right and Columbus was wrong.

One of Ferdinand Magellan's ships sails around the world.

You need to know that by the time land trade routes between Europe and Asia were closed off, the following changes had taken place which set the stage for exploration: