Final Exam Study Guide

 

Definitions:

Ossicles

Ampulla

Aristotle’s Lantern

Pharynx

Swim Bladder

Oviparous

Ovoviviparous

Viviparous

Spiracle

Mermaid’s Purse

Gills

Operculum

Amplexus

Jacobson’s Organ

Anapsid

Diapsid

Synapsid

Neurotoxic

Hemorrhagic

Secondary Palate

Feather barbs

Pneumatized

Gizzard

Crop

Cloaca

Pecten

Altricial

Precocial

Vibrissae

Ischial callosities

True Horns

Antlers

Rhino Horns

Mammary Glands

Marsupial

 

Know the general traits of Echinoderms.

Know the basic differences between Sea stars, Brittle stars, Echinoids, Sea Cucumbers, Sea Lilies, and Sea Dasies.

Be able to describe how the water vascular system functions.

 

Know the 4 primary distinguishing characteristics of Chordates.

Know the basic differences between the 3 subphyla of Chordates described in your notes.

Know the 7 groupings of vertebrates.

 

Know the general traits of Fish. (Think: what adaptations are necessary for swimming in water?)

Know the strategies for maintaining buoyancy in fish.

Know the basic physical differences between Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, Chimaeras, and Osteichthyes.

Be able to put the following organisms into the correct fish grouping and know their distinguishing traits: Lamprey, Hagfish, Shark, Ray, Skate, Lungfish, and Coelacanth.

 

Know the general traits of Amphibians. (Think: live on land, but still rely on water)

Know the differences between the 3 orders of Amphibians.

Be able to describe how the reproduction differs in Amphibians and Reptiles.

Know how tadpoles develop.

Know the 3 groupings of Anura and how they differ.

 

Know the general traits of Reptiles. (Think: live on land, no need for water)

Know the basic differences between turtles, lizards, worm lizards, snakes, sphenodons, crocodiles, and alligators.

 

Know the general traits of Birds (Think: what adaptations are necessary for flight?)

Know how feathers grow and molt.

Know how the mating strategies differ between birds and mammals.

 

Know the general traits of Mammals (Think: live on land, covered by hair, mammary glands)

Know how hairs grow, molt, and are modified.

Know the four primary diet types (insectivore, herbivore, carnivore, and omnivore) and what physical characteristics are associated with those types.