Biol 1107 Practical Exam Guide #2

How to properly use a microscope!

 

Definitions:

Betacyanin

Tonoplasts

Diffusion

Dynamic equilibrium

Osmosis

Active transport

Passive transport

Hypotonic

Hypertonic

Isotonic

Hemolysis

Crenation

Plasmolysis

Turgor pressure

 

Photosynthesis

Be able to properly identify the internal parts of a leaf listed in bold in Activity 2. Know the functions of these parts as well.

Photosynthesis equation

Know about carbohydrate (starch) production and how it relates to Coleus leaves under the different light treatments. How were we able to test starch presence?

Why did we boil the leaves separately in water then alcohol?

Know why the chlorophyll separated in the paper chromatography exercise and why the pigments moved at different rates.

Know the four pigments we attempted to separate in the paper chromatography lab. (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, orange carotene, and yellow xanthophyll)

 

Enzyme Reaction Rates

Know the factors that affect enzyme activity and reaction rates.

Know about the enzyme catalase and its substrate (H₂0₂). Where is catalase found? What are the substrates and what are the products of their interaction?

How was the activity of the enzyme catalase affected by pH and H₂0₂ Concentration?

 

Mitosis/Meiosis

What is mitosis? What types of cells does it occur in? Know the stages of the cell cycle. (PPMAT)

What occurs during each of those stages?

Be able to recognize the stages in both plant and animal cells.

Why did we choose the specific tissues we looked at in lab to exhibit mitosis?

What is meiosis? What types of cells does meiosis occur in? Know the difference between haploid/diploid and what type of cells result from the meiosis or mitosis of one diploid cell.

What are the stages of meiosis, and what occurs during each of those stages?

Be able to ID an ovary, and primary or secondary oocytes, primary or mature (Graafian) follicles.

Be able to ID seminiferous tubules, interstitial cells, and know what is produced by the interstitial cells.

Why did we choose these specific tissues to exhibit meiosis? Function of these tissues?

 

DNA extraction/ DNAto Proteins

Know what DNA looks like when it precipitates out of a solution.

Know the steps we used to isolate DNA and what each step was for.

Know the difference between transcription and translation and know the steps involved in each

Know the four bases of DNA nucleotides and how they pair together.

Know the 3 types of RNA and what each does.

Know what a codon is.

Know what mutations are and the difference between silent substitutions, conservative substitutions, and frameshift mutations.