The  Journey  of  Microprocessors  from  Tens..  to  Billions..

33 years ago.. perhaps no one would have imagined that a device basically designed for an Electronic Calculator would revolutionize the human lives and would become a cause for the origin of Internet. 
All this happened.. when Intel came out with its first microprocessor in 1971.  

The journey of Microprocessors was....
 

1971 : 4004
  • This is the first microprocessor.

  • Seed to Personal Computers- designed by Intel corporation.

  • Basically designed not for computers but for a Japanese Buzicom calculator
1972 : 8008
  • Twice the power of 4004 microprocessor.

  • House-hold computer "Mark-8" used this 8 bit microprocessor.

1974 : 8080
Transistors :  6 thousand
Size: 6 microns
Calculations / second: 6 lakhs 40 thousand
  • The heart of the first personal computer 'Altair'.

  • The destination for the 'star ship-1' in a popular television serial "Star Trek" was also named "Altair".

1978 : 8086, 8088
Transistors :  29 thousand
Size: 3 microns
Calculations / second: 3 lakhs 30 thousand
  • The heart of the IBM PC's.

  • 8088's demand for the early personal computers was tremendous and that placed Intel into Fortune-500 companies.

1982 : 286
Transistors :  1 lakh 34 thousand
Size: 1.5 microns
Calculations / second: 10 lakhs
  • also called 80286.

  • First microprocessor with embedded software

  • It is estimated that approximately 1.5 crore microprocessors were sold in a spam of  6 years.

1985 : Intel 386
Transistors :  2.75 lakhs
Size: 1.5 microns
Calculations / second: 50 lakhs
  • Number of transistors were 100 times more than that of the first microprocessor.

  • Multiprocessing and first 32 bit  processor being its specialty.

1989 : Intel 486 DAX CPU
Transistors :  12 lakhs
Size: 1 microns
Calculations / second: 2 crore
  • The first microprocessor to replace hand-held instructions to a 'mouse'.

  • a new co-processor was designed into it to exclusively take care of mathematical operations which also reduced load on CPU and resulted in increased speed.

1993 : Intel Pentium
Transistors :  31 lakhs
Size: 0.8 microns
Calculations / second: 10 crore
  • Intel's first Multimedia support microprocessor.

1995 : Intel Pentium Pro
Transistors :  50 lakhs 50 thousand
Size:  -
Calculations / second:  -
  • Designed exclusively for Bit servers and Workstations..

  • Computer aided designing, Mechanical engineering, Scientific calculations were made easy with the advent of this chip.

1997 : Intel Pentium-II
Transistors :  75 lakhs
Size: 0.35 microns
Calculations / second: >30 crore
  • Enhanced Multimedia support with Introduction of Intel's MMX technology.

1998 : Intel Pentium-II Xeon
  • Designed for servers.

1999 : Intel Celeron
  • Enhanced multimedia support.

  • Educational, medium-end software and gaming support.

  • All these at relatively low price, being its major success.

  • This chip was later(2000-04) developed in clock speed and other features and was released in various versions to compete with its major competitors P-III & P-IIII for personal computers.

  • Relatively (compared with P-III/ P-IIII) less cache memory being main reason behind its low price

1999 : Intel Pentium-III
Transistors :  95 lakhs
Size: 0.25 microns
Calculations / second: >50 crore
  • Able to explore all the features of Internet to normal users.

  • Internet streaming, SMID extension like 70 new instructions were added into this microprocessor.

  • Created a sense of " Virtual Reality" for the first time.

2000 : Intel Pentium-IIII
Transistors :  4 crore 20 lakhs
Size: 0.18 microns
Calculations / second: >170 crore
  • Most popular chip today.

  • Compatibility with latest and evolving technologies. (example: H.T. tech. etc.).

  • Support for Real time Video, 3D graphics with enhanced multimedia support.

2001 : Intel Pentium Xeon
  • High capacity Workstations supported microprocessor.

  • Works on more than one microprocessor.

  • Prepared with a new design technology 'Intel Net Buster'.

2001 : Intel Pentium Itanium
  • Intel's first 64 bit microprocessor.

  • Prepared with a new design technology 'Intel Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing'

  • It is being used for E-commerce, Security Transactions and Advanced Scientific and Engineering works.

2002 : Intel Pentium Itanium-2
  • Enhanced Intel Itanium microprocessor.

2003 : Intel Pentium M
  • A processor aptly compatible with Laptop and Wireless Technologies.

___________________________________________________________________________
source: 'Ennadu' newspaper dated September 09,2004
Note
: All the articles(html files) in this website are also available in (portable document format) .PDF.   The PDF article file is found in the same URL of that HTML article file except the terminating file name extension (.html) replaced with (.pdf).  or
Click Here for PDF version of this article.

Other related links in this website:
1. Course on Microprocessors (with 8085 simulator and other software linked).-E-Books section or
Click here*
Do sign my Guestbook before leaving the site. Thank U
___________________________________________________________________________
Home · About me · My Family · Photo Gallery · E-Books · Articles · Jokes · Downloads · Links · Guestbook
Hosted by www.Geocities.ws

1