There are four basic forms of noun in English: singular, plural (which is formed by either adding �s� in the end (ent - ents), or, in case of exceptions, should be learned: (tooth � teeth)), possessive case (Tolkien�s, mine, yours), and a combination of plural form and possessive case (hobbits�). These four, used with different prepositions (�to Mordor�, �at hole�, etc.), can take lots of meanings.
In Quenya the situation is different. While in English we, for example, use �to� to show some subject is moving somewhere (�to the wizard�), in Quenya prepositions like this are replaced by corresponding endings.
3.2 NOUN - PLURAL
There are two forms of plurals in Quenya:
First: If the word ends with
1) -a, -o, -i, -u or -i�, the plural is formed by adding �r� in the end of word:
alda (tree) - aldar (trees)
ando (gate) - andor (gates)
tar� (queen) - tar�r (queens)
Ainu - Ainur*
ti� (path) - tier (paths)*
2) -�**, your replace it with 'i' to form a plural:
aur� (day) - auri (days)
3) any consonant, you just put 'i' in the end if word:
anar (king) - anari (kings)
Second:
This one is not used frequently, and we don't seem to have enough examples to put it in a rule. But it seems so that the plural formed by adding '-li' to the noun: Elda(elf) - Eldali(elves)*. Possibly, this one should mean 'some things of a larger group'.
VOCABULARY
Okay, let�s count to ten, shall we?
1 - min� 1st - minya r� - day (24 hours)
2 - atta 2nd - att�a aur� � day (light period of day)
3 - neld� 3rd - neld�a l�me � night
4 - canta 4th - cant�a
5 - lemp� 5th - lemp�a Anar - Sun
6 - enqu� 6th - enqu�a Isil - Moon
7 - otso 7th - ots�a elen - a star
8 - tolto 8th - tolt�a
9 - nert� 9th - nert�a
10 - cainen 10th - quainea
n�r � a male ni - I (pronoun)
n�s � a female le - you (pronoun)
nar� � fire alda - tree
n�n � water ambo - hill
ondo � stone (as a material) ando - gate
sar - a stone cirya - ship
m� � hand
hen � eye
hroa - body
aran � king
tar� - queen
(!) As other languages, Quenya had changed with the course of time, and here I will mostly speak of Quenya of Third Age.
SPEED
In his Quenya Course on Ardalambion website, H.K. Fauskanger notices Quenya must be spoken pretty fast and cites Tolkien "she spoke swiftly and took pride in this skill" (PM:333, about Miriel, Feanor�s mother). Looks like a good Quenya speaker is a fast Quenya speaker. So be it.