Islic O'lelic
The Tongue of the Sunset Elves
and the Fire Elves
The Structure of O'lelic
1. Phonetics
Islic O'lelic is very unique out of all of the
Languages of the
1.1 Clusters and Spirants
Every cluster which occurs is a combination of l and another consonant. The
only three aspirants are these: the S-Spirant, as in English "Shore,"
the T-Spirant in English "Thin," and
the T-Spirant in English "Then."
1.2 Consonants
The Consonants are as follows: b, p, k, t, as in English, but with
less aspiration; s, h, l, m, n, as in English; and the Glottal stop
(marked by ' ) , Like the sound usually in the
middle of "Uh-oh."
1.3 Vowels
The Vowels of O'lelic are plentiful, occurring in
three forms: Stressed, Unstressed, and
Long-stressed.
The Unstressed vowels are these:
a as in English "above"
e as in English "bet"
i as in English "city"
o as in English "shore"
u as in English "moon"
The Stressed vowels are these:
á as in English "far"
č as in English "play"
í as in English "see"
ó as in English "sole"
ů as in English "moon"
The Long-stressed vowels are similar to the Stressed vowels, but are longer
in duration. These are marked by a circumflex. (?)
1.4 Diphthongs
There are 5 diphthongs:
ei as in
English might, Fight, German mein
eu like the
"ey ou" in
"Hey you" without the y-glide
oi as in
English boy, toy, Koi
ae as in
English aye, eye, fry
ao as in
English how, ouch, now.
2. Verbs
2.1 Verb-marking Particles
also unusual in O'lelic
is the fact that there is no verb conjugation. Instead, there are a set of
particles, which may be called Verb-marking Particles. These precede or follow
the verb in a sentence, indicating and modifying the meaning.
There are five:
1. vá (verb), the
perfective and inceptive aspect (completed action).
2. Č (verb) ánč , the Imperfective aspect (incomplete action).
3. pá (verb) má , the present
4. Č, the imperative
5. Nč (verb), the negative imperative.
1. vá (verb)
Indicates that the verb represents a completed action, a state of being, or a
newly arrived state. The phrase may be translated into English by either the
past or present tense, depending on the context, but this translation would be
far from exact. an example is vá
kála kena Nálet
"we sailed north," in which va
kala represents the completed action of sailed.
2. Č (verb) ánč Indicates
an incomplete action. In this context, the verb kale, "to go," could
be translated as "was going," "am going," or "will
go," but never as the perfective's
"went" an example is Č kála ánč kčna Nálet, "We
are sailing north."
3. pá (verb) má Indicates an action which is present and
continuing, such as "I am waiting," pá
puna má Ná
4. Č (verb), is the imperative, such as E
kálč "Go!"
5. Nč (verb) is the negative and negative
imperative, such as Ne kálč
"Do not go!," although this is an
imperfect translation.
2.2 Dual-purpose Verbs
another feature of O'lelic verbs is that many may
function as both verb and noun, much as in English "Hope"(O'lelic námo'a) and
"Love" (O'lelic áláko)
When used as nouns, they conjugate much as nouns, but are occasionally marked
by verb markers.
additionally, an action that is frequent and
repetitive may be marked by the repetition of a base or part of a base. In some
cases, this may be used as a diminutive as well. An Example of this is pá kokoe má "rowing."
3. Nouns
3.1 Prepositions
Prepositions follow the noun or noun phrase they modify. There are many
prepositions.
These are the most important:
ni "at, in, on (specific locative)"
ę "by"
ánč "with, and, like, by means
of"
á "for, by"
no "for"
pč "like"
atá'e "over"
3.2 Nouns
Unlike the situation of O'lelic verbs, the O'lelic nouns do change form within different
contexts.
In its' most ancient forms, O'lelic nouns did not
have cases, but were marked, much as the verbs, with noun markers. This is
still preserved in Islic O'lelic, but only with the
aforementioned Dual-purpose verbs. This change in Islic O'lelic
is most likely the result of a short but heavy influence from the Islic tongue,
or subtle but long influence from a chief Elvish
tongue. Whichever it is, it is this influence which also brought the new
phonemes mentioned in Part 1.
There are four O'lelic noun cases:
The Nominative (Subject)
The accusative (Direct Object)
The Dative (Indirect Object)
The Genitive (a form that indicates a relationship, as in English
"of/from")
The Significative (a form that indicates
significance in Proper nouns.)
The nominative case, that which marks the subject of a sentence, occurs as
the noun stem in its' original, unmarked form. an
example is:
vá kála kčna Nálet "we sailed north,"
in which kena, we, is the nominative.
The accusative case, that which marks the direct object of a sentence, is
marked with the -ka suffix at the end of the noun stem. an example is
hákula Ná ní lápčka pá
"I fell on the ground"
The Dative case, that which marks the Indirect object of a sentence, the noun
that the verb is being done to, is indicated by the suffix -tá. an example of this in English is "I gave Nale the book," in which Nale
is the Indirect Object.
The O'lelic form of the above sentence is
Kahowa ná Nálčtá Bákáth
pá
gave I Nale Books the
The Genetive case, that which indicates some sort
of a relationship, as in English "of/from," is marked by the -me
suffix. an example in English would be "Kurt of
Phoenix, Déomnia from auroria."
an O'lelic example would be Nálč Ákínokumč
"Nale of/from
The Significative is a case that marks an
important person, place, or item. It is often used for places that are of
import such as the palace of the king; royalty, as in king or queen; loved
ones, as a wife, girlfriend or child; and important items, especially those of
religious importance, such as the Christian cross. This case is marked by the lá- prefix. Of note, many
kings have taken the prefix to be a part of their title, and insisted that they
wre adressed with it in all
circumtances. In this way, if you called
"King Nale" Nálč
komanálá, it would be considered an
insult, while if you called him lá-Nálč komanálá,
it would please the King. The plural of all of these cases is indicated by
adding another suffix, -th
3.3 Pronouns
A pronoun is a word that can either be a part of a noun phrase, or be the
noun phrase itself.
There are three numbers of O'lelic pronouns; The singular, the dual, and the plural.
The singular is the pronoun stem unmarked. The dual is marked with either a k,
kč- prefixed
to the stem, or -kč
suffixed. The prefix is used when the speakers are speaking of themselves, and the suffix when referring to the addressee
and objects being spoken of.
Pronouns:
I: Ná
he: ká
she: kč
it: ni
we: kčná, náth
you: to, toke, toth
they: lahou, lahoukč, lahouth
me: Nákč
him: ima
her: imč
us: nákčka
them: lekou, lekoukč, lekouth
this: kčsa, kčsakč,
kesath
those: kčsoke, kčsáth
any: káhi
all: po
each: páki
some: vápi
two: kč'a
few: ápi
several: pahua
none: suna
everyone: polahouth
nobody: sunalahou
someone: vápilahou
anybody: káhilahou
who: suha
whom: suhi
whose: suána
which: shuna, shunake,
shunath
that: shčna
myself: nákona
himself: imakona
herself: imčkona
ourselves: kčnakona, náthákona
themselves: lekoukona, lekoukčkona, lekouthakona
3.4 The Article
The only article found in O'lelic
is the definitive article pá, translated
as "the". It follows the noun, as in "Books -the," Bákáth pá
4. Adjectives
4.1 Numbers
With numbers, the plural of a number is not marked with the noun suffixes,
but with another number modifying it.
1 ká'o
2 kč'a
3 kámč
4 páma
5 vuna
6 ápilá (note the similarity to pron. few, api.
In Fire and Sunset Elvish culture, three couples is
considered a few.)
7 kčno
8 mákč
9 nčka
10 sáka, and also, as a
suffix for higher numbers, -sa.
and a few more numbers:
11 sáka 'e ka'o
(ten and one)
12 sáka 'e ke'a (ten
and two)
13 sáka 'e kame (ten
and three)
20 sákake (ten in dual form.)
23 sákakč 'e kamč
(ten in dual form and three)
30 kámčsáka (three tens)
40 pámasáka (four tens)
50 vunasáka (five tens)
60 ápisáka (few tens)
70 kčnosáka
80 mákčsáka
90 nekasáka
100 sákasa (ten tens)
1000 sákasasa (ten tens of tens)
many beyond count: sákasa 'e hánč (ten tens and more)
4.2 Adjectives
There are three types of O'lelic adjectives. One
of them is the simple adjective, those formed by the stem alone, then there are
the secondary adjectives, formed by combinations of other words, and then the
Dual-adjectives, which are formed with a noun or verb construed as an adjective.
Simple adjectives:
Green: áliki
red: tahoka
large: kčma
small: kima
Secondary adjectives:
Secondary adjectives are those formed by a combination of two words that are
not adjectives to form an adjective.
Dual-adjectives:
Dual-adjectives are those formed by construing a noun or verb as an
adjective. an example would be the case of construing
the word áki "fire" as the
word ákila "fiery."
The suffix -er, as in redd-er,
is in O'lelic -ná. -est is -ni,
and "almost (adjective)" is (adjective)-lá.
so:
greener: alikina
almost red: tahokalá
largest: kemáni
smaller: kimána
5. Possesives
mine: nápi
yours: tokepi, tothapi
ours: kčnakápi, náthakápi
theirs: lekoupi, lekoukepi,
lekouthapi
6. Syntax
The common word order of O'lelic is as follows:
Verb+Subject+Object (or other prepositional phrase)
In compound sentences, the conjunction is placed before the Verb, and in
texts which talk about God (or other Deitic figures,)
God is placed at the beginning of the sentence, and common order follows after
that.
7. Texts
7.1 Genesis
In the Beginning God created the Heavens and Earth
The Earth was formless and Empty,
and darkness was over the surface of the deep
The Spirit of God was hovering over the waters
Komáhu Pá
Kusa vá ko'ána komáhu-ni Mokoatá'eth 'e Lonáka
vá hiko Lonáka
kinončka 'e kona
hilává kálipomč ko'epál-átá'e
Kusa Nuhánimč vá pá mokutálč
má noáko-atá'e
Beginning The
God create (Past) beginning-in up-overs and Earth
become (past) Earth formless and empty
surface deep (G.) Darkness-over
God Spirit (G.) stay-fly (past/present) waters-over
7.2 Politics
I love this land, but I do not love the King
Pá áláko má Ná lá-kuma
nápi, ohu nč áláko Ná
Komanálá
Love (pres. cont.) I Land (sign.) my, but love (neg.) I King
8. Wordlist
’aelokč agree to
’ao admit
ákáma swift
ákí fire
ákíla fiery
áláko love
alíkí Green
aoka white
báká book
bákaet point
'e and
há'á a type of tree on Akinoku
há’ío advise
haeno ache
hána tree
hánč more
hč’omč accuse
hčlč’o amuse
helí advance
hokčlč annoy
hua, hu'a bird
hula club
híko (to) become
hiláva surface
hokopo adjust
'ího hawk
kahowa (to) give
kálč (to) go
kálipo deep
kč’oma adore
kčma large
kčo A native tree found on Akinoku
kíma small
kimola announce
kína rat
kíno form
ko'ánu (to) create
koč row
koha obsidian (volcanic glass)
kolu aid
komáhu beginning
komanálá king
kona empty
kůa war
kůahula war-club
kuma land
kun hand
Kusa God
Lonáka Earth
lokuna lizard (Lit. "monitor lizard." There are two monitor lizards on Akinoku, one extinct, the Lokuna
itself, and another which still lives, the ákílokuna,
"Fire-monitor.")
luápč accept
luma galaxy
má’ále abandon
makálč forest
makáo to be able
malao
mčko tooth
míko string
míka unit of measurement
moháki fish
moko up
Mokoatá'eth Heavens (Lit. Up-overs)
Ná I
nálč song
námo'a hope
Nálet North (Etym. Descended from
Islic)*
nčmo shark
nítho act
noku island
noma mountain
nouma hills
ohu but
oku pole
o'láli(to) speak
o'lela language
'opa blade
páko shine
pákola shiny
pč’ola agitate
poku add
tahoka red
táki knife