Chapter
8
Multiple
Choice
Identify
the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
____ 1. Each row in the periodic table ends with a
_____.
|
a. |
metal |
c. |
metalloid |
|
b. |
nonmetal |
d. |
noble gas |
____ 2. In going from left to right in any given row
in the periodic table, the size of atoms generally _____.
|
a. |
increases |
c. |
stays the same |
|
b. |
decreases |
d. |
changes randomly |
____ 3. When compared to the main group metals,
transition metals have melting and boiling points that are _____.
|
a. |
always lower |
c. |
about the same |
|
b. |
usually higher |
d. |
usually lower |
____ 4. Transition elements, such as chromium, are
likely to have _____.
|
a. |
an oxidation number of 1+ |
c. |
multiple oxidation numbers |
|
b. |
an oxidation number of 2+ |
d. |
a negative oxidation number |
____ 5. The two actinides used as nuclear fuels are
uranium and _____.
|
a. |
plutonium |
c. |
americium |
|
b. |
californium |
d. |
thorium |
____ 6. The atoms of an element in Group 2 are _____
atoms of a Group 13 element in the same period.
|
a. |
larger than |
c. |
the same size as |
|
b. |
smaller than |
d. |
impossible to compare with |
____ 7. A metallic ion is _____ its corresponding
atom.
|
a. |
larger than |
c. |
the same size as |
|
b. |
smaller than |
d. |
impossible to compare with |
____ 8. Bromine is a typical nonmetal. A bromide ion
is _____ a bromine atom.
|
a. |
larger than |
c. |
the same size as |
|
b. |
smaller than |
d. |
impossible to compare with |
____ 9. Plants need the alkaline earth element _____
in photosynthesis.
|
a. |
magnesium |
c. |
strontium |
|
b. |
calcium |
d. |
barium |
____ 10. Group 13 elements tend to form _____.
|
a. |
ionic compounds |
c. |
alloys |
|
b. |
covalent compounds |
d. |
metalloids |
____ 11. Most transition metals have _____ oxidation
state(s).
|
a. |
no |
c. |
two |
|
b. |
only one |
d. |
multiple |
____ 12. Which of the following elements is not in the
iron triad?
|
a. |
cobalt |
c. |
nickel |
|
b. |
copper |
d. |
iron |
____ 13. Which of the following elements is not a
coinage metal?
|
a. |
copper |
c. |
platinum |
|
b. |
gold |
d. |
silver |
____ 14. The inner transition elements are found in the
_____ block of the periodic table.
|
a. |
s |
c. |
d |
|
b. |
p |
d. |
f |
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement
below.
|
a. |
alkali metal |
|
b. |
alkaline earth metal |
|
c. |
halogen |
____ 15. An element found in Group 1 of the periodic
table
____ 16. Sodium or cesium
____ 17. An element found in Group 17
____ 18. Magnesium or barium
____ 19. An element found in Group 2
____ 20. Astatine is the largest of this family
Short
Answer
21. Element 33 is in Group 15, Row 4 of the
periodic table. Write the electron configuration for this element, and tell
whether it is a metal, a nonmetal, or a metalloid.
22. How do the atoms of elements 19 and 35 compare
in size?
23. How do the typical ions of elements 19 and 35
compare in size?
Choose the element from each of the
following pairs that is more likely to react with the third element.
24. Calcium or magnesium to react with chlorine
25. Iodine or astatine to react with aluminum
26. Oxygen or fluorine to react with magnesium
Tell where in the periodic table you would
look for each of the following sets of elements.
27. All elements have a configuration that ends
with ns1.
28. All elements have a configuration that ends
with s2p5.
29. All elements have 5f electrons but few
or no 6d electrons.
Tell why each of the following newspaper
headlines would raise questions or objections in the mind of someone who had
just completed a high school chemistry course.
30. "Plants grown in soil free of bacteria
are found to be healthier."
31. "FDA recommends that californium-252 be
used as a preservative in cereals."
The graph in Figure 8-1 shows the
quantities of the top ten chemicals produced for the United States in 1994. Use
this graph to answer some of these questions.
32. By how much did the number 1 chemical on this
list exceed the number 2 chemical in terms of production quantity?
33. Name one important use for the number 5
chemical on this list.
34. What was the total weight of sodium compounds
produced in 1994?
35. What is the total weight of organic
(carbon-containing) compounds in the list of the top ten chemicals in 1994?