P&G 334: Ethical Issues in International Relations

Professor Patrick Van Inwegen

e-mail: mailto:[email protected]

Spring 2005 Tuesdays & Thursdays 9:30 – 10:50

Howarth Hall Room 214

Office: McIntyre Hall 213Q                                                                                                     Office Hours: T/TH 1 – 2 & W 2 – 3

Office Phone: 879-3490                                                                                                                                   or by appointment

 

            Are some choices morally superior to others?  What constitutes right action?  What does it mean to be responsible?  Which is more important: intent or outcome?  These are all questions that concern people in general and ethicists in particular.  Ethics considers how life should be, and how people know what is good and what is bad.

            In applying ethics to politics, we can ask, “What standards do people use to decide what constitutes a morally good society, policy, or behavior?”  Of course, there are analysts who believe that politics and ethics are, or can or should be, mutually exclusive categories.  At least since Machiavelli, and perhaps even since Thucydides, an influential critical mass of scholars have accepted that the “morality of states” does not map perfectly onto the “morality of persons.” However, few scholars claim that states are entirely amoral agents, or that the “morality of persons” is irrelevant to public human endeavor.

            This course is divided into two main sections.  First, we will examine several views on how, if at all, questions of ethics apply to international relations.  We will begin by considering major theoretical approaches to the study of international ethics.  After investigating contending assertions about the origins and imperatives of international ethics, we will undertake an in-depth study of two broad international issues – human rights and war – in order to test the theoretical approaches.  Meanwhile, you will each be researching a more specific issue area for us to consider through your semester project and presentation.

 

Required TextsThe following books are available for purchase in the university bookstore:

 

Elshtain, Jean Bethke, Just War Against Terror (New York: Basic Books, 2003).

Nardin, Terry and David R. Mapel (eds.), Traditions of International Ethics (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992).

Orend, Brian, Human Rights: Concept and Content (Orchard Park, NY: Broadview, 2002).

Walzer, Michael. Just and Unjust Wars, 2nd ed. (New York: Basic Books, 1992).

 

In addition, you will need to purchase three case studies from the Institute for the Study of Diplomacy series. These are not in the bookstore, but you can buy them directly from the Institute at www.guisd.org or follow the links to these and other online materials for this class at my website: www.geocities.com/pvaninw

 

Case #518: “The Problems of Doing Good” by Alberto Coll

Case #239: “Sweating the Swoosh: Nike, the Globalization of Sneakers, and the Question of Sweatshop Labor” by Michael Clancy

Case #258: “Establishing an International Criminal Court: The Emerging of a New Global Authority?” by Eric K. Leonard

 

Course Obligations and Requirements – more detailed instructions for each will be given

 

            Participation: This is a seminar. You are expected to attend class regularly and to be prepared for discussion (i.e., to have done the reading and reflected on it).  The success of this class depends on your consistent participation and I keep track of all students’ participation levels at all class sessions.  Students who attend class regularly but rarely participate will likely earn a participation grade of no more than “C.”  If you miss more than three classes over the course of the semester (except for those excused by your doctor or the Dean), your participation grade will go down as a result.  Participation counts as 20% of your course grade.

 

            Short Papers: You will be responsible for writing three short (1,000-1,300 words) papers analyzing course readings. Papers are due on Fridays (dates noted below) and must be received as an e-mail attachment in Microsoft Word by 1pm.  If you are concerned about computer issues, send it earlier.  I will send a confirmation reply that I have received your attached paper and can open it Friday afternoon.  Late papers will be penalized half a grade per day it is late (e.g., from 92 to 87). Each paper will be worth 15% of your course grade.

 

            TOPIC 1 (Due Friday, February 12): Of the several traditions of international ethics that we have considered to date, which seems to you the most useful and appropriate set of standards for evaluating international relations? Why? Good essays will make specific arguments and provide concrete evidence from international relations.

 

            TOPIC 2 (Due Friday, March 11): Besides life, what, if anything, do humans have a right to by virtue of being human? Why? Be as specific as possible. (If you believe that there         are absolutely no human rights, use the essay to explain your position. Concrete evidence will make your essay more persuasive.)

 

            TOPIC 3 (Due Friday, April 15): Walzer and Elshtain assume that some wars can be just. Make your best argument that there is no such thing as a just war. Be as specific as possible.

 

            Term Paper: I have structured this course to give you an in-depth look at two broad areas of concern to international ethicists: human rights and the use of force.  For your semester project, I would like you to select a different, more specific issue that is of interest to you, research that issue, and write a paper on it.  Papers are due by Tuesday, May 10 at 4 pm.  Papers may be submitted via e-mail or in person in my office.  The late penalties described for short papers apply for this project, too.  If you hand in your paper after 4 pm, it will be considered one full day late and be marked down accordingly.  Your term paper will count as 20% of your course grade.

 

            Presentation: You will be responsible for giving a 10-minute in-class presentation on your term paper.  Your presentation will count as 15% of your course grade.


             Grading Percentages                                                            Grading Scale

Class Participation:       20%                                         93-100 A                     73-76   C

Paper #1:                     15%                                         90-92   A-                    70-72   C-

Paper #2:                     15%                                         87-89   B+                   67-69   D+

Paper #3:                     15%                                         83-86   B                      63-66   D

            Term Paper:                 20%                                         80-82   B-                    60-62   D-

Presentation:                 15%                                         77-79   C+                   0-59     F

 

Academic Honesty at University of Puget Sound – excerpted from The Logger

The University is a community of faculty, students, and staff engaged in the exchange of ideas contributing to individual growth and development. Essential to the successful functioning of the academic community is a shared sense of enthusiasm for learning and respect for other persons. The successful functioning of the academic community also demands honesty, which is the basis of respect for both ideas and persons. The suspicion of dishonesty in the academic community is a serious matter because it threatens the atmosphere of respect essential to learning. Academic dishonesty can take many forms, including but not limited to the following: plagiarism, which is the misrepresentation of someone else's words, ideas, research, etc. as one's own; submitting the same paper for credit in more than one course without prior permission; collaborating with other students on papers and submitting them without instructor permission; cheating on examinations; and mistreatment of library materials.

Any act of plagiarism will result in a failing grade for the course.  Additional rules concerning academic integrity and examples of acceptable and unacceptable conduct can be found in the undergraduate catalogue.

 

Course Outline and Calendar

Have assigned readings and assignments completed by class time for the dates below.

 

I.  Traditions of Ethical Analysis

18        January             Introduction - Traditions of Ethical Analysis

20        January             Ethical relativism

                                                Benedict, "The Case for Moral Relativism" (handout)

                                                Herodotus, "Custom is King" (handout)

                                                Wiredu, "Custom and Morality" (handout)

 

25        January             Classical Realism

                                                Nardin & Mapel, Chapter 4

27        January Modern Realism

                                                Nardin & Mapel, Chapter 5

 

1          February          Liberalism: deontology

                                                Nardin & Mapel, Chapter 7

3          February          Liberalism: utilitarianism

                                                Nardin & Mapel, Chapter 8

 

8          February          Natural Law

                                                Nardin & Mapel, Chapters 6 & 13

11        February          Declaratory International Law

                                                Nardin & Mapel, Chapter 3

12        February          Friday: First short paper due in my e-mail inbox by 1:00 p.m.

 

II.  Issues of International Ethics: Human Rights

15        February          Definitions and Vocabulary for Human Rights

                                                Orend, Chapter 1

17        February          Case Study #1: Documenting Human Rights

                                                www.hrw.org

 

22        February          Justification of Human Rights

                                                Orend, Chapter 3

24        February          Cast Study #2 “The Problem of Doing Good”

 

1          March              Substance of Human Rights

                                                Orend, Chapter 4

3          March              Case Study #3 “Sweating the Swoosh”

 

8          March Reciprocal Duties

                                                Orend, Chapter 5

10        March Case Study #4 “Establishing an International Criminal Court”

11        March Friday: Second short paper due in my e-mail inbox by 1:00 p.m.

 

14-18   March              SPRING BREAK: NO CLASSES

 

III.  Issues of International Ethics: The Use of Force

22        March Just and unjust wars

                                                Walzer, Preface & Chapter 3

24        March Ends and means

                                                Walzer, Chapters 7 & 8

 

29        March Noncombatants

                                                Walzer, Chapters 9 & 10

31        March Terrorism and a Response to War Ethics

                                                Walzer, Chapter 12

                                                Chris Hedges War Is a Force That Gives Us Meaning (handout)

 

5          April                 September 11 and Just War

                                                Elshtain, Chapters 3-6

7          April                 September 11 and Just War

                                                Elshtain, Chapters 11 & 12 & Appendix

 

12        April                 Non-violence

                                                Gene Sharp’s There Are Realistic Alternatives to War  

                                                Online at: http://65.109.42.80/organizations/org/TARA.pdf

14        April                 Pacifism

                                                reading TBA

15        April 15            Friday: Third short paper due in my e-mail inbox by 1:00 p.m.

 

 

IV.  Issues of International Ethics: Special Topics

19        April                 Presentations

21        April                 Presentations

 

26        April                 Presentations

28        April                 Presentations

 

3          May                 Conclusions

 

10        May                 Final papers due at the start of regularly scheduled exam time 4 pm

                                    (Tuesday) via e-mail or delivered to my office.

 

 

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