Kevin
Putnam
Per.
3, Haskell
Sept. 26, 2003
Ch. 5/6 Study Guide
Write two meaningful sentences
that are related to each of the following terms. One can be a definition and
the other an example or two of the terms relevance from the text
Chapter
5
1) Minoan civilization and the importance of its location- The Minoan
Civilizations was successful from its location near the Aegean sea. Its main revenue came from
trade.
2) Explain how Sparta's location was important- Sparta is located in
the southern part of Greece. This
area of Greece is called Peloponnesus. This place is inland so it cannot be attacked from the sea.
3) The Trojan war location- Troy controlled the straits that connected the Mediterranean and black seas.
The Mycenaeans lived on the mainland.
4) Geography of Greece created- Greece is mountainous but has places such as valleys where farmers could grow
crops for trade.
5) Post Persian war domination- After the war, some fighting still went on. Sparta, was soon
defeated by another Greek city-state called Thebes.
6) Peloponnesian War- This fighters in this war were all from Greece. Sparta and Athens were main
city-states in this war.
7) Greek theater origins- First theatre
plays formed from religious festivals. The theatres were outdoors carved into a
cliff or the side of a hill with hardly any scenery.
8) Alexander's achievements and empire- Alexander’s first victory was against
the Persians at Granicus river. Later he took over Babylon. His empire
fell after he died.
9) Center of Hellenistic world- Political turmoil in the Hellenistic world led
to the rise of new schools of philosophy. They also became advanced in the
study of math and science.
10) Geographic characteristics of Greece-
Mountainous with valley plains across isthmuses, peninsulas, and many islands.
12) Oligarchy- An oligarchy is a government in which ruling power belongs to a
few people. The power of a few people came together which formed an oligarchy.
13) Democracy- a democracy is a government in which the people hold the ruling
power. Athens moved slowly into a democracy.
14) Spartan childhoods- Healthy children trained to be apart of the military,
while the sick unhealthy children were left to die. The Spartan youth trained
and became excellent soldiers
15) Athens' golden age- Wealth and power grew under the aristocracy. The noble
landowners held power and selected the chief officials.
16) Aristotle's meritocracy- A system in which advancement is based on
individual ability or achievement
17) Greek values- Present day has been influenced by Greek ideas about law,
freedom, justice, and government. Greece has
influenced many countries today.
Chapter 6
1) Augustus- He held absolute power
from 31 BC to14 AD. After he lost power, the 500 year old republic crumbled.
2) Julius Caesar- An able commander dominated Roman politics with General
Pompey. Later, He intended to deal with many of the Roman problems.
3) Hannibal- At 9, Hannibal took a
sacred oath saying that he is an enemy of the roman people. This is what
started Hannibal’s dedicated life
to the destruction of rome.
4) Jesus- A Jew born in 4 BC who
claimed to be the son of God. He led the belief of Christianity.
5) Paul- He was a Jew from Asia Minor who had a vision
of Jesus talking to him. He helped out by spreading the belief of Christianity.
6) Odoacer- Odoacer was a Germanic leader created the fall of Rome.
After Rome lost a lot of its
territory the west side or Rome
fell.
7) Ptolemy- Astronomer and mathematicianwho proposed the theory that the earth
was the center of the universe. This idea was believed in the western world for
over 1,500 years.
8) Virgil- Wrote the epic poem Aeneid. This was to remind him and his fellow
Romans about Rome’s wonderful
heritage.
9) Martyr- People who suffer or die for what they believe. Christians became
martyrs over the years.
10) Mercenary- Mercenaries are foreign soldiers working for a pay. Rome
hired mercenaries to help fight in the wars.
11) Messiah- A savior sent by God. Jesus was said to be a messiah or son of
God.
12) Patrician- Or members of the landholding upper class. The 300 members of
the republic were all patricians
13) Plebian- Farmers, merchants, artisans, and traders who made up the majority
of the population.
14) Aqueduct- Aqueducts were bridgelike stone structures that brought water from
the hills into Roman cities.
15) Heresy- beliefs said to be contrary to official church teachings. The New
Testament was added to the bible, the teachings of Jesus.
16) Legion- Or the basic unit of the Ancient Roman army, made up of about 5,000
soldiers. Legions were apart of the masters of war.
17) Republic- system of government in which the officials are chosen by the
people. The republic lasted around 500 years.
18) Sect- Sect is a small religious group. Christianity started as a Sect but
over time it has evolved into one of the main religions in the world.