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The Jeju Anti-Guerilla Campaign The Red Hunt 1948 - 1950 |
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Glossary |
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Armed Guerilla (�����) Association of Young Men from the North-west (����û���) Compulsory Evacuation Order (�Ұ���) Election of May 10th (5.10 ����) Jeju 4.3 Research Center (���� 4.3 ������) Jeju Island (���ֵ�) Lee Seung-man (Rhee, Syngman) (�̽¸�) 'May Day on Jeju-do' Military Coup d'eta of May 16th (5.16 ����) Namro-dang (Namro Party) (���δ�) Preliminary Apprehension (����˼�) Punitive Forces (�����) United Association of Young Men (�뵿û���) Village Senior's Center (������) |
A general name for the armed leftist guerilla forces, based near the Hanra (Halla) Mountains. The Armed Guerilla was formed in the early 1948, and led the attack on April 3rd. It continued to conflict with the tropps and police dispatched from the mainland until March, 1949, when it was dispersed by a concentrated subjugation. 'People's Guerilla', which evolved from the 'Self-defense Unit', is a front-line division of the 'Armed Guerilla.' An extreme rightist organization that came to Jeju around April, 1947. It consisted of people who lost their former economic and social status under Japanese rule because of the communist North Korea's social reforms. The Association was given the authority of policemen in May, 1947 and became notorious for its extortions from the Jeju people Order by commander Song Yo-chan to announce all area further from 5km distance from the shore as danger zones, to regard anyone in the zone as rebel, and to execute them unconditionally. A parliamentary election held on May 10th, 1948, to form the first constitutional parliament. The election was intended to be held in all of Korea, but could not be held in the north because of the Soviet Union's interference. Thus the election became greatly controversial, since a seperated election would mean two separated governments. Although numerous protests against the election took place throughout the Korean Peninsula, the election finally took place. In Jeju Island, however, the election was nullified due to the disturbance caused by leftist groups. Research center established in May, 1989, dedicated to fact-finding and restoring the dignity of the victims of the Hunt. Its office is located in Jeju City, Jeju Island. (4.3 refers to April 3rd, 1948) The largest island of Korea, located in the southeast sea of the Korean Peninsula. Located between the Japanese Islands and the Asian mainland, it is geographically very important, and is a famous tourist spot.The Island's area is 1,847.1��, and its population around 550,000 (year 2002). Jeju Island was the stage of the Red Hunt of April 3rd. Then the Island's population was around 300,000, and about 30,000 Jeju people were killed during the Hunt. (in the West better known as Syngman Rhee) Independence activist and politician. He was one of the leading figures of the Korean independence movement. After independence, he became the leader of the rightist democratic side, and in June 1946, assisted by the U.S., announced his plan for the establishment of a seperate government for South Korea. He was elected as president of the Republic of South Korea, and was inaugurated on August 15th, 1945. After barely managing to survive through the Korean War with the help of the U.S. and the U.N., he was again, somewhat illegally, elected as president. He sought to continue his presidency, even by using illegal methods. When he elected himself for the fourth time through fraudulent election, the Uprising of April 19th, 1960, a nationwide protest against the government, took place. Lee resigned from his presidency and moved to Hawaii, where he died. A film showing Orari village set on fire, taken from the air by the American military. It claims that the Armed Guerilla committed the arson, while it was proven that the culprits were in fact members of the Association of Young Men from the North-west disguised as Guerilla. A Military coup d'eta by soldiers led by major general Park Jung-hee, that took place on May 16th, 1961. The military overthrew the 2nd Republic government - the second constitutional republic of South Korea that existed from Auguts, 1960 to the Coup of May 16th - and established a rightist, anti-communist military government. A leftist party, formed in November, 1946. In the paper, Namro-dang mostly refers to the Jeju division of the party. The party took leading roles in protesting against the American military government and opposing the Election of May 10th. A mass apprehension performed just after the start of the Korean War. Its purpose was to in advance get rid of possible spies for the North. Thus, thousands of people throughout South Korea who had ever been accused of being a communist or had an accused family member were apprehended. In Jeju Island, 193 Jeju residents were killed at Suddal Hill on July 7th, 1950 Military troops and policemen dispatched from the mainland for the purpose of subjugating leftist forces. About 200 troops were first dispatched on March. 15th, 1947, and continued to be dispatched in large numbers. A rightist association similar to the Association of Young Men from the North-west. A house in a village where elderly people come to gather and socialize with each other |
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