CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCING PSYCHOLOGY

Psychology – the science that seeks to understand behavior and mental processes, and to apply that understanding in the service of human welfare

* Social science - 


* Diverse – 


* Multiple causation – 


o Why go to college?


* Cultural influence –


o Individualistic and collectivistic


* Subjectivity – 


* Empiricism – knowledge comes from experience and observation, not speculation; systematically gather and analyze information about phenomenon


SUBFIELDS OF PSYCHOLOGY

* Cognitive/Experimental – 


* Biological/Physiological – 


* Social – 


* Personality – 


* Developmental – 


* Industrial-Organizational – 


* Clinical/Counseling – 


* Community – 


* Educational – 


* School –


* Quantitative –


* Health – 


* Sports – 


* Environmental/Human Factors – 


* Forensic - 



APPROACHES TO PSYCHOLOGY

* Biological –


* Evolutionary – 


* Psychodynamic – 


* Behavioral – 


* Cognitive – 


* Humanistic –



ADDITIONAL LEARNING OBJECTIVES

* Compare the goals and beliefs of structuralism, Gestalt psychologists, psychoanalysis, functionalism, and behaviorism. Describe introspection and the functional analysis of behavior. (see A Brief History of Psychology).
* Define and give examples of sociocultural variables.