helen

Origin of Helenic Greeks

σελλοι

Ἑλένα daughter of Tyndareus, wife of Menelaos.

1. Τυνδαρίδαις τε φιλοξείνοις -- καλλιπλοκάμῳ θ' Ἑλένᾳ O. 3.1 τοὶ μὲν γένει φίλῳ σὺν Ἀτρέος Ἑλέναν κομίζοντες O. 13.59 σὺν Ἑλένᾳ γὰρ μόλον (sc. Ἀντανορίδαι, i. e. to Cyrene) P. 5.83 ἐπεὶ ἀμφ' Ἑλένᾳ πυρωθέντων Τρώων ἔλυσε δόμους ἁβρότατος P. 11.33 Ἑλέναν τ' ἐλύσατο (sc. Ἀχιλλεύς) I. 8.51 περὶ δ' ὑψικόμῳ Ἑλένᾳ χρῆν ἄρα Πέργαμον εὐρὺν ἀιστῶσαι σέλας αἰθομένου πυρός Pae. 6.95

ἑλέναυς , ἡ,

A. ship-destroying, epith. of Helen, prob. for ἑλένας, A. Ag.689 (lyr.).

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Ἑλένη : Helen, the wife of Menelāus, daughter of Zeus and Leda, Il. 3.199, 426, and sister of Castor and Pollux, Il. 3.238. Often w. the epithet Ἀργείη, Il. 2.161, Od. 4.184; Il. 3.91, 121, Ω 761, Od. 4.12, 219, 279. Helen returned to her home in Sparta after the war, and in the Odyssey is seen living happily with Menelāus, δ, ο.

ἑλάνη ( ἑλένη Hsch.), ἡ,

A. torch of reeds, Neanth.4J.; also, bundle of reeds, Nic.Fr.89.

ἑλένη , ἡ,

A. torch, Hsch.; cf. ἑλάνη.

2. corposant, St. Elmo's fire, Lyd.Ost.5.

II. wicker-basket, to carry the sacred utensils at the feast of the Brauronian Artemis, Poll.10.191:--hence ἑλενηφόρια , the feast itself, ibid.

Ἑλένια (sc. ἱερά), τά,

A. feast in honour of Helen in Laconia, Hsch.

ἑλένιον , τό,

A. calamint, Calamintha incana, Chaerem.14.12, Thphr. HP6.6.2, Dsc.1.29.

2. elecampane, Inula Helenium, ib.28.

3. = σύμφυτον, Ps.-Dsc.4.9.

ἑλένιος: ἀγγεῖον χωροῦν τέταρτον, Hsch. ἑλενοί: κλήματα τὰ τῶν ἀμπέλων, Id.; cf. ἕλινος.

Ἑλενοφόντης , ου, ὁ,

A. slayer of Helen, Sch.E.Or.1140.

Ἕλενος son of Priam.

1. ὅπως σφίσι μὴ κοίρανος ὀπίσω πάλιν οἴκαδ' ἀνεψιὸς ζαμενὴς Ἑλένοιο Μέμνων μόλοι N. 3.63

Ἕλενος : Helenus.--(1) a son of Priam, the best seer of the Trojans, Il. 6.76, Il. 13.576, Il. 24.249.--(2) a Greek, son of Oenopion, Il. 5.707.

Greek: ἑλει̃ν

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `take, get into one's power', med. `take to himself, choose' (Il.).

Other forms: Aor., iterative-preterite ἕλεσκον

Compounds: Often with prefix: ἀφ-, ἀν-, ἐξ-, προ- usw. As 1. in ἑλέ-π(τ)ολις `conquering cities' surname of Helena (A. Ag. 689 [lyr.]), also name of a siege machine (Ph. Bel.); ἑλένα<υ>ς (A. ibid.) with reference to Helena.

Derivatives: ἕλωρ n. (only in nom.-acc. sg. and pl.) `plunder, capture, booty' (Il.); also (Schwyzer 470, n. 4) ἑλώριον `id.'.

Origin (see intro): XX

Etymology: As some places suggest an anl. F- (diff. Solmsen Unt. 251 n. 1), Chantraine Form. 219, Gramm. hom. 1, 152 considers an alternation *swel-/sel- and connection with ἁλίσκομαι, Lat. vellō (unclear). Beside ἑλει̃ν Germanic has a jot present Goth. saljan `offer, sacrifice', ONord. selja `render, sell', OHG sellen `render, give up' etc. (evt Gr. *ὁλέω) with the postverbal nouns ONord. sal(a) `rendition, sale', OHG sala `rendering' etc. Because of the meaning it is generally considered as a causative to ἑλει̃ν ("nehmen machen"), which is unnecessary, cf. αἴνυμαι, also e. g. ONord. fā (= Goth. fahan) `take' and `give'. OCS sъlati `send' is doubtful, as is Lat. cōn-silium, s. Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. slatь and W.-Hofmann s. v. - As suppletive verb to ἑλει̃ν we have αἱρέω (s. v.).

Page in Frisk: 1,487-488

Greek: `Ελένη

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: daugher of Zeus and Leda, sister of the Dioskour-oi, wife of Menelaos (Il.).

Origin (see intro): XX

Etymology: Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 315 assumes that Helena is an old Minoan goddess of vegetation, who was connected with the tree-cult (diff. v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 231 n. 1). From the plant name ἑλένιον (Thphr., Dsc.), s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 130. - Connection with the appellative ἑλένη (s. ἑλάνη), is quite uncertain. See e.g. J. Linsay, Helen of Troy, 1974, 209ff.

Greek: `Ελλάς, -άδος

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `Ελλάς, -άδος`Hellas', land of the Ε῝λληνες, name of a territory in southern Thessaly (Il.), also Anatolian Ionia (Hdt.); - also adj. f. `hellenic' (γλω̃σσα, πόλις; Hdt., A.).

Other forms: Further Ε῝λληνες, Dor. -ᾱνες pl. `Hellenes', name of a Thessalian tribe (Β 684), name of all Greeks (since Hdt.), `Heathen' (LXX), sg. also adj. `hellenic' (Pi., A.). As 1. member in `Ελλανο-δίκαι pl. " judges of the Hellenes", name of the arbiters at the Olympic Games (Pi.), also name of a martial court in Sparta (X.); `Ελληνο-ταμίαι pl. name of the treasurers of the Delic-Attic Confederacy (Att.). As 2. member in Πανέλληνες `Panhellenes' (Β 530 beside 'Αχαιοί, Hes. Op. 528, Archil. 52,); cf. below; φιλ-έλλην `friend of the Hellenes' (Ion.-Att.), μισ-έλλην `enemy of the Hellenes' (X.).

Compounds: As 1. member in `Ελλαδ-άρχης (with ἑλλαδαρχέω) `Leader of the H.', President of the Achaeic Confederacy, the Delphic Amphiktyonie and other communities (imper. times).

Derivatives: `Ελλαδικός `belonging to H.' (Xenoph., Str.). - `Ελλήνιος, -ά̄νιος `hellenic' (Hdt., Pi.), f. -ηνίς, -ᾱνίς (Pi., Att.), `Ελληνικός `id.' (Hdt.; s. Chantr. Ét. sur le vocab. grec, s. index); denomin. verb ἑλληνίζω `speak Greek', also trans. `hellenise' (late), with ἑλληνισμός `Greek way of expression', also opposed to ἀττικισμός `Attic expression' (hell.), ἑλληνιστής `who speaks Greek', name of a Jew speaking Greek (Act. Ap. 6, 1; oppos. `Εβραι̃ος) etc.; -ιστί adv. `in Greek' (Pl., X.).

Origin (see intro): PG

Etymology: Like most names of lands and peoples `Ελλάς and Ε῝λληνες have no etymology. - As formation in -άς (cf. Τρωάς, Φθιάς, Λευκάς etc.; Schwyzer 507f., Chantr. Form. 356) `Ελλάς supposes a noun (Sommer Münch. Stud. z. Sprachwiss. 4, 1ff.). Also for Ε῝λληνες a noun will have been the basis; the deviant intonation (cf. 'Αθαμα̃νες, 'Ακαρνα̃νες, Δυμα̃νες etc., which is also found in Ι῎ωνες (s. v.), is mostly explained from Παν-έλληνες (like πάν-δεινος, παν-άγαθος a. o.; but Παν-αχαιοί Β 404 etc.!). The ending -ᾱν- is of course Pre-Greek. - Beside Ε῝λληνες we find Ε῎λλοπες (like Δρύοπες a. o.) in 'Ελλοπία name of the region of Dodona (Hes. Fr. 134, 1) and of northern Euboea (Hdt. 8, 23; note the suffix -οπ-); since Arist. (Mete. 352a 34) the area of Dodona and the basin of the Acheloos was seen as the land of origin of the Hellenes, the ἀρχαία `Ελλάς. The basis of `Ελλάς and Ε῝λληνες prob. is 'Ελλοί (Pi. Fr. 59), after H. = Ε῝λληνες οἱ ἐν Δωδώνῃ, καὶ οἱ ἱερει̃ς; but perh. it is juist the consequence of the reading σ' `Ελλοί for Σελλοί in Π 234, s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 40. It is obvious, to connect the Ε῝λληνες also with the Σελλοι, who live also around Dodona; Ε῝λληνες and `Ελλάς would have lost the σ- through Greek development. - Further unknown, s. Wilamowitz on Eur. Her. 1 n. 1, Güntert WuS 9, 132 (cf. Kretschmer Glotta 17, 250), Chatzis (PhilWoch 58, 497), further Chantraine Form. 168 n. 1. Details in Schwyzer 77f.