�Cloning� is originated from Greece and it means �asexual reproduction�. Therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning are two different types of cloning.
The creation of embryonic stem cells is enabled by therapeutic cloning. Stem cells are multifunctional cells which can be further specialized into brain cells, liver cells etc. These stem cells are genetically identical to the ones of the original cell donor and can therefore be used to create specialized cells and artificially in order to fight diseases and can be further created to genetically compatible organs.
A new human being is formed when reproductive human cloning takes place. Sexual reproduction or artificial reproduction techniques, e.g. IVF, only existed recently. Reproductive cloning represents a new reproduction technique which life can be given to an identical twin of the original cell donor.
Who can it help?
Therapeutic cloning can be used to fight diseases and create organs artificially. Millions of people on Earth can be treated once specialized cells derived from cloned embryos, like:
� Brain disorders like Parkinson and Alzheimer thanks to derived brain cells.
� Diabetes thanks to derived insulin-producing pancreatic islet cells
� Spinal cord damage thanks to derived nerve cells
� Autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis thanks to derived cells of blood and bone marrow
� Cancer
In addition, thousands of people worldwide waiting for an organ transplant will be saved by creating artificial organs. Not only it is difficult today to obtain an organ but even if organs are available many are being rejected by the body because of incompatibility, let alone the brutal way some organs are being obtained, like buying them from people in third world countries or even extracting them without the donor�s consent! 100% compatible organs such as livers, kidney, etc, will be provided by therapeutic cloning and saving the lives of those who would perish without them.
Reproductive human cloning will help:
� Infertile couples: who cannot have children even after years of infertility treatments. For those people cloning is the only way to have a child of their own genetic offspring.
� Homosexuals cannot have a child today that is 100% related to them genetically but human cloning will provide this possibility for them.
� Families who lost a beloved relative: human cloning can give life a second time to the same genetic code who has died at an early age for example.