Habemus Papam! Pope Michael

They shall not partake of holy things, until a high priest shall arise for evidence and truth. Offertory for the Mass for the Election of a Pope.

Catholicism teaches that a public and manifest heretic cannot truly become Catholic Pope. This is taught, principally, but not solely, in the following:
  1. Pope Paul IV's Apostolic Constitution Cum ex Apostolatus Officio


  2. Pope St. Pius X had issued a Syllabus of Condemned Errors, called Lamentabili Sane, targeting the heresy of Modernism. This Index was Supplementary to the general Syllabus of Condemned Errors issued by Pope Pius IX.

    Pope St. Pius followed this up by an Encyclical, Pascendi Dominici Gregis.

    On 18th November 1907, Pope St. Pius followed these documents with his Motu Proprio titled Praestantia Scriptura, whereby he confirmed his two previous documents, and imposed automatic excommunication upon all remaining Modernists who remained within the bosom of the Church by dissembling:
    We declare and determine that if anyone, which may God forbid, should go forward so brazenly as to defend any proposition reprobated in either of these documents, by that fact itself, he incurs excommunication reserved to the Roman Pontiff.
Strictly according to Catholic theology, therefore, the Papacy was vacant since the death of Pope Pius XII, and the supposed "popes" (Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli or John XXIII-II, Gian-Battista Montini or Paul 6, Albino Luciani or John-Paul I and Karol Wojtyla or John-Paul II) since then were / are actually antipopes.

However, according to Catholic theology:
  1. The Church is to have Popes in perpetuity, e.g. Vatican Council, 1870, Denziger 1825:
    If anyone then says that it is not from the institution of Christ the Lord Himself, or by divine right that the blessed Peter has perpetual successors in the primacy over the universal Church, or that the Roman Pontiff is not the successor of the blessed Peter in the same primacy, let him be anathema
  2. And it has always the right to supply itself with the Pope, e.g. St. Robert Bellarmine, etc.;
  3. Election of the pope by a College of Cardinal is not by Divine Institution, but was legislated by the Church, so that in the case of extreme necessity, it can be temporarily dispensed with, under the principle of "Epikeia" (Equity).
The Election of Pope Michael follows the precedents of the Elections of Popes Innocent II, Alexander III and Martin V, etc.


Lúcio Mascarenhas
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