The Judgment
Note that the Bible doesn't show the judging or rewarding of any part of the church before or during the tribulation, or in heaven.
Note that the time to reward the saints doesn't come until after the 7th trumpet has sounded (Revelation 11:15, 18); we will be judged and rewarded at the 2nd coming: "Therefore judge nothing before the time, until the Lord come" (1 Corinthians 4:5); "I charge thee therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing" (2 Timothy 4:1); "Behold, I come quickly; and my reward is with me, to give every man according as his work shall be" (Revelation 22:12).
After the tribulation, I believe the rapture will gather us into the clouds to be judged: "Then shall they see the Son of man coming in the clouds with great power and glory. And then shall he send his angels, and shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from the uttermost part of the earth to the uttermost part of heaven" (Mark 13:26-27); "He shall call to the heavens from above, and to the earth, that he may judge his people. Gather my saints together unto me" (Psalm 50:4-5).
I believe that after we've been judged in the clouds, we'll all descend from the clouds with Jesus (Revelation 19:11-14). Jesus will smite the nations (Revelation 19:15) gathered at Armageddon (Revelation 16:14-16).
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No Time For The Judgment?
How long will the judgment last?
How many people will be in the judgment?
How much time does that leave for each person to be judged?
Some say the judgment will last 7 years. How many people will be in this judgment that will last 7 years?
When is the marriage and the supper if the judgment lasts the whole 7 years?
The Lord could take his time judging us and still it would not have to take very long in our time, for "one day is with the Lord as a thousand years" (2 Peter 3:8). Also, just as God now listens to each of our prayers as individuals at the same time and works in each of our daily lives as individuals down to the smallest details at the same time, so he could judge each of us as individuals at the same time.
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No Judgment Seat At The 2nd Coming?
Some argue that Jesus doesn't come on a judgment seat, but I believe that he will come just as he left (Acts 1:11), that we will meet him in the clouds and be hidden from sight until he sits and judges us (2 Corinthians 5:10) and then marries us, after which we will all get on the white horses and the clouds will open to reveal him (with all of us behind him) descending to make war at Armageddon (Revelation 19:11-14).
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Christians Will Be Judged
I believe even we Christians have to be judged:
"The Lord shall judge his people" (Hebrews 10:30).
"We shall all stand before the judgment seat of Christ" (Romans 14:10).
"Judgment must begin at the house of God: and if it first begin at us, what shall the end be of them that obey not the gospel of God?" (1 Peter 4:17).
I believe that we can receive punishment at this judgment:
"That servant, which knew his lord's will, and prepared not himself, neither did according to his will, shall be beaten with many stripes. But he that knew not, and did commit things worthy of stripes, shall be beaten with few stripes" (Luke 12:47-48).
"We must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ; that every one may receive the things done in his body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad. Knowing therefore the terror of the Lord..." (2 Corinthians 5:10-11).
"And if ye call on the Father, who without respect of persons judgeth according to every man's work, pass the time of your sojourning here in fear" (1 Peter 1:17).
"All the churches shall know that I am he which searcheth the reins and hearts: and I will give unto every one of you according to your works" (Revelation 2:23).
Though I don't believe that a [b]faithful[/b] Christian can be condemned to death:
"There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, [b]who walk not after the flesh[/b], but after the Spirit" (Romans 8:1).
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Psalm 50:3-5
I believe "Our God shall come, and shall not keep silence" (Psalm 50:3) refers to when "the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout" (1 Thessalonians 4:16).
COVENANT BY SACRIFICE
I believe "made a covenant with me by sacrifice" in Psalm 50:5 is the Holy Spirit speaking by the mouth of David of "the new covenant" (Hebrews 12:24) made by "one sacrifice for sins" (Hebrews 10:12).
JUDGMENT IN THE SKY
I don't believe Psalm 50:4-5 requires that Jesus be on the earth before he gathers us to the judgment; he could come in the clouds, gather us up to him to be judged in the clouds before Armageddon, and then land on the earth.
TEMPEST
I believe "it shall be very tempestuous round about him" (Psalm 50:3) could refer to what it will be like around Jesus while he is still in the clouds: "and they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven" (Matthew 24:30); note that there can be tempests in the 1st heaven, the sky, for Peter refers to "clouds that are carried with a tempest" (2 Peter 2:17) and the OT says "the heaven was black with clouds and wind" (1 Kings 18:45).
FIRE
I believe "a fire shall devour before him" (Psalm 50:3) could refer to what will happen while he is still in the clouds, for "there went up a smoke out of his nostrils, and fire out of his mouth devoured: coals were kindled by it. He bowed the heavens also, and came down: and darkness was under his feet" (Psalm 18:8-9). Note that the fire devours before he comes down.
Note that Jesus can both send fire on his enemies and welcome us believers at the same 2nd coming: "When the Lord Jesus shall be revealed from heaven with his mighty angels, In flaming fire taking vengeance on them that know not God, and that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ: Who shall be punished with everlasting destruction from the presence of the Lord, and from the glory of his power; When he shall come to be glorified in his saints, and to be admired in all them that believe" (2 Thessalonians 1:7-10).
PROPHETIC PSALM
Note that the Holy Spirit prophesied by the mouth of David many details of Christ's crucifixion in Psalm 22. Psalm 40:6-8 is quoted in Hebrews 10:5-10 as a prophecy of how Jesus' sacrifice would replace animal sacrifices. And Psalm 69:25 and Psalm 109:8 are quoted in Acts 1:16 as prophecies of Judas' betrayal of Jesus: "This scripture must needs have been fulfilled, which the Holy Ghost by the mouth of David spake before concerning Judas, which was guide to them that took Jesus . . . For it is written in the book of Psalms, Let his habitation be desolate, and let no man dwell therein: and his bishoprick let another take" (Acts 1:16, 20; Psalm 69:25; Psalm 109:8). So I believe "made a covenant with me by sacrifice" in Psalm 50:5 is the Holy Spirit speaking by the mouth of David of "the new covenant" (Hebrews 12:24) made by "one sacrifice for sins" (Hebrews 10:12).
I don't believe David needed to understand the full prophetic significance of all the things the Holy Spirit spake by him in the Psalms for them to be truly prophetic of Christ's work, "for the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost" (2 Peter 1:21).
I'm not sure when someone prophesies that they are always fully aware of the significance of what they're saying, or even that they're prophesying: "And one of them, named Caiaphas, being the high priest that same year, said unto them, Ye know nothing at all, Nor consider that it is expedient for us, that one man should die for the people, and that the whole nation perish not. And this spake he not of himself: but being high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus should die for that nation" (John 11:49-51). Do some believe Caiaphas knew that Jesus was the Redeemer, but still "took counsel together for to put him to death" (John 11:53)? Note that even after the resurrection Caiaphas was still among those opposing the apostles (Acts 4:6-7, 18).
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Daniel & The Judgment
"Blessed is he that waiteth, and cometh to the thousand three hundred and five and thirty days. But go thou thy way till the end be: for thou shalt rest, and stand in thy lot at the end of the days" (Daniel 12:12-13). Note that it says Daniel will stand in his lot "at the end" of the days, not during the days. I believe all believers will be judged at the end of the 1,335 days. It doesn't say anywhere that there will be a separate judgment for the former OT (now NT) believers or for we believers who will be in the trib.