Unit VI The Presidency and the Bureaucracy
•	Trace the evolution of the presidency from the limited office envisioned by the framers to the more
powerful contemporary office
•	Examine the ways in which the American system of separation of powers is actually one of shared
powers
•	Identify the major offices and positions that serve as key aides and advisors to the President.
•	Identify the powers that lead us to refer to the president as chief legislator
•	Review methods by which presidents may improve their chances of obtaining party support in
Congress
•	Summarize the constitutional powers that are allocated to the president in the realm of national
security
•	Identify and review major roles and functions of the president such as chief executive, chief
legislator, commander in chief, and crisis manager.
•	Determine the role that public opinion plays in setting and implementing the president's agenda
•	Describe the methods used by Presidents and their advisors to encourage the media to project a
positive image of the president's activities and ppMcies

•	Examine the impact that changing world events (such as the transition from the 1950s and 1960s
to the era of Vietnam and Watergate) have had on public debate over whether a "strong" president
is a threat or a support to a democratic government
•	Outline the procedures established in the Twenty fifth Amendment to deal with presidential
succession and disability.
•	Describe the constitutional process of impeachment and explain why it is so difficult to remove a
discredited president before the end of his term.
•	Identify common "myths" that surround the bureaucracy and either justify or refute them
•	Describe in what ways the permanent bureaucracy is broadly representative of the American
people
•	Trace the development of the American bureaucracy from the "spoils system" to the "merit system"
•	Explain the two basic procedures through which most federal bureaucrats obtain their jobs
•	Identify and describe several theories of the functions and organization of bureaucracies
•	Describe the functions of the four basic types of federal agencies: cabinet departments, regulatory
agencies, government corporations, and independent executive agencies
•	Understand the bureaucracy as implementers of policy, and why the implementation of policy can
break down
•	Determine the importance of administrative routine and administrative discretion
•	Examine the conditions that are necessary for policy implementation to be effective
•	Contrast command and control policy of government regulation with an incentive system of
regulation
•	Evaluate the effects that the movement toward deregulation has had on the American economy
•	Determine how presidents try to control the bureaucracy and how Congress tries to control the
bureaucracy
•	Investigate the importance of Iron Triangles and issue networks
•	Explain the relationship between democratic theory and the operation of bureaucracies.

I

UNIT VI- THE PRESIDENCY AND BUREAUCRACY TERMS

Personal presidency
Power and presidency (concepts)
Constitutional powers
Roles of president
Twenty-second Amendment
Impeachment
National Security Council
Budget and Impoundment Control Act
Pocket veto
President and the media
Neustadt and presidential power
Modern presidency
Congressional-Executive relations
Civil service
Hatch Act
Types of agencies
Monetary Policy
Discretionary authority
Controls on bureaucracy

Public presidency
Senatorial courtesy Executive orders
Executive privilege Twenty-fifth Amendment White House Staff Office of Management and Budget Council of Economic Advisors
Cabinet
Imperial Presidency argument
Framers' intent United States v. Nixon Bureaucracy Merit principle Pendelton Act Independent agencies Bureaucracy policymaking Implementation