For a frameless space THIS PAGE IS AT: http://se.unisa.edu.au/phd/one/Appendixes.htm

Appendix for thesis/ http://se.unisa.edu.au/phd/appendixes_all.htm  (includes glossary).

Appendix for Case Study Three, http://se.unisa.edu.au/phd/three/Appendix3.htm

Appendix for Case Study Two, http://se.unisa.edu.au/phd/two/Appendix2.htm

Background to Hurricane Floyd. 1

Tables. 4

Table 1 Speaker framing: between: <ankash> and <mahmoo>. 5

Table 2 The last four entered at turn number 49

Table 3 one speaker turn taking <EMT-Calvin>. 59

Table 4 example of turn taking general 94

Table 5 topic –All chat leading to ‘ Mexican Roofers’ 107

Table 6 Only ‘Mexican Roofers’ – blanks in between. 168

Table 7 number of turns each speaker 228

Table 8  <Miss-Zena> <SWMPTHNG>. 280

Table 9 All turn takings. 315

Table 10 All participants and number of turns each takes. 596

CS 1 Table Ten <IMFLOYD>. 647

Figures. 661

Figure 1 Storm types of speech. 662

Figure 2. 664

Glossary. 667

Bibliography. 673

 

Background to Hurricane Floyd

 

On Sept. 15, 1999, a one-two punch combination of hurricanes hit North Carolina. Earlier, Hurricane Dennis jabbed once at the Carolina coast before doubling back and coming ashore as Tropical Storm Dennis on Sept. 5, packing torrential rains and 70 mile-per-hour winds.  Then came the knockout punch—Hurricane Floyd—ten days later.

Floyd was a large and intense Cape Verde hurricane that pounded the central and northern Bahamas Islands, seriously threatened Florida, struck the coast of North Carolina and moved up the United States east coast into New England. It neared the threshold of category five intensity on the Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale as it approached the Bahamas, and produced a flood disaster of immense proportions in the eastern United States, particularly in North Carolina.

South Carolina’s governor Gov. Jim Hodges ordered a mandatory evacuation of as many as 800,000 people in coastal areas today as Hurricane Floyd aimed for South Carolina's coast, just a week shy of the 10th anniversary of Hurricane Hugo's destructive run through the state.

 

Charleston South Carolina’s Mayor Joseph P. Riley Jr. said that the entire city had to be evacuated, anticipating the eyewall of the storm passing over the metropolitan area.

Tables

Table 1 Speaker framing: between: <ankash> and <mahmoo>

 

Turn # in raw data

Framer

utternace

  1.  

<ankash>

<ankash> Tornadoes in Pender Count

  1.  

 

<KikoV> forget it cal, this things just started

  1.  

 

<guest-mandy> /\43 >5 hello misterd

  1.  

 

<SWMPTHNG> /\43 >5 MISTER D1-WHERE YA AT

  1.  

 

<guest-dan-boca> Closest nexrad I could find was  Raleigh - lots of rain.

  1.  

 

<KikoV> ok, you like that, wait'll floyd get's to  Long Island

  1.  

 

<Miss-Zena> I believe this storm will weaken

  1.  

 

<Werblessed> Im 50 Miles west of Wilm

  1.  

 

<EMT-Calvin>           i like being self employed

  1.  

 

<guest-MoreheadCityNC> not that I know of Swamp

  1.  

<ankash>

<ankash> Jersey knows, my sis lives there and she is out of school tomorrow, she is a teacher.

  1.  

 

<Kitteigh-Jo>             They are better than frogs spiders  are my thing

  1.  

 

<playball14> oh really

  1.  

 

<guest-sweetthing> I AM IN CONCORD NC AND NOTHING BUT RAIN AND LOTS OF WIND RIGHT NOW

  1.  

 

<EMT-Calvin> dont have to worry about someone telling me to report to worl

  1.  

 

<EMT-Calvin> k

  1.  

 

<lookout4110> How ya holding up Werblessed?

  1.  

<ankash>

<ankash> Thanks XXsweetNsexy!

  1.  

 

<guest-mandy> any one in north west carolina

  1.  

 

<guest-Tom> does anyone know where floyd isnow

  1.  

 

<SWMPTHNG> THERE'LL BE PLENTY OFMEXICAN ROOFERS IN N CAROLINA NEXT WEEK YOU ON THE EAST COAST....takecare....bye

  1.  

 

<KikoV> /\75 >2 good job, huh, how's the pay?

  1.  

 

<guest-mandy> /\77 >3 you go with that answer

  1.  

<mahmoo>

<mahmoo> /\65 ankash, i'm glad to know they're  aware, not a frequent weather occurence for them

  1.  

 

<playball14> easy about carolina

  1.  

 

<Werblessed> So far just strong wind gusts and lots  of rain.. Over 8 inches so far..

  1.  

 

<EMT-Calvin> /\75 >7        and those folks will be sent back to mexico

  1.  

 

<davesbraves> 120 mi. se of cape look out nc

  1.  

 

<guest-parrot>            the cooler is full of beer, bring on Floyd

  1.  

 

<EMT-Calvin> /\82 the locals will be the ones to get jobs

  1.  

<ankash>

<ankash> /\79 Yes, mahmoo, I hope they take it seriously

  1.  

 

<lookout4110> Have the winds been strong?

  1.  

 

<playball14>  /\85 >3          they work hard here

  1.  

 

<SWMPTHNG> /\82           WHOSE GONNA SEND THEM - THEY'LL BE CLIMBING ALL OVER EVERY HOUSE ON THE COAST SE HABLO ESPANOL

  1.  

 

<playball14> and cancun is great

  1.  

 

<guest-MisterD1> sigh...

  1.  

 

<guest-sweetthing> anyone else frim concord or nc here

  1.  

<ankash>

<ankash> No not yet, not here in Wilmington......no tropical strength yet.

Turn 93 – 139 no dialogue between ankash and mahmoo

 

 

139.

<mahmoo>

            i don't deserve this

 

Table 2 The last four entered at turn number

 

Table 1 The last four participants entered the chatroom at turn

speaker

Turn entered chat

‘talk’

41. <BayouBear>

208

LA sent a bunch of crews today

42. <guest-jada>

210

How is this supposed to effect

kinston, Wilson NC

43. <guest-ToNYsimmons>

211

PEOPLE ALL ACROSS THE US  ARE KEEPING YOU ALL IN PRAYER....

44. <guest-Capt>

212

VIAGRA AND PRUNE JUICE....DON'T KNOW IF I'M COMING OR GOING.....

45. <guest-BobR>

213

Hi from Charleston SC

 

Table 3 one speaker turn taking <EMT-Calvin>

 

speaker

turn

Responds to

turns

1. <EMT-Calvin>

1

 

hahahaha lol

 

14

 

That weather building in cherryt point says it s 126 degrees in cherry point

 

35

 

well folks im signing off here

 

42

 

i need some sleep

 

63

 

i like being self employed

 

69

 

dont have to worry about someone telling me to

 

70

 

report to worl

 

82

 

and those folks will be sent back  to mexico

 

85

 

The locals will be the ones to get jobs

 

97

 

folks need to be careful for con artest after the storm

 

112

 

i aint worried our new 99 home is under warrentyu

 

118

 

morehead guess how many tie downs are on here

 

121

 

68 tie downs

 

153

 

folks my God is able

 

158

 

i have faith in jesus

 

163

 

if he aint done with me

 

164

 

 i wont get hurt

 

173

 

thats whty i have such a peace in my heart tonigjt

 

179

 

so howdy neighbor

 

188

 

but i know alot of graphms

 

193

 

i am a member with beaufort ems

 

200

 

folks dont worrry we have got  power crews comiong from other states

 

214

 

i am one of the carteret county personal for ems and fire we evacuated the beach and barrior islands today

 

222

 

and a mandatory evacuation for folks in flood prone areas

 

231

 

Swmp are you near paris and

 

238

 

morehead you got a plane at  beaufort air port

 

252

 

hmmm

 

259

 

and yes i been to topsail beach just last month to unlock a car

 

262

 

hi wes

 

263

 

Im a talkcity op also

 

272

 

i am a room op in room called fire-4-God

 

<SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><![if !supportEmptyParas]>Table 4 example of turn taking general

<![endif]><o:p></o:p></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><![if !supportEmptyParas]><![if !supportEmptyParas]><![endif]><o:p></o:p>

<TBODY>

Turn

Speaker

Text

58.

‘lookout4110’

Who is in Wilm. right now?

62.

<Werblessed>

Im 50 Miles west of Wilm.

71.<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>

<lookout4110>

How ya holding up Werblessed?

81.

<Werblessed>

So far just strong wind gusts and lots of rain.. Over 8 inches so far..

87.

<lookout4110>

Have the winds been strong?

96.

<Werblessed>

Gusts up to 60-65 so far its starting to pick up a bit.. Only gonna get stronger Between now and midnite

106.<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt">                </SPAN>

<ankash>

Hi guest JoJo......I'm from Wilmington, the hurricane bullseye.

108.<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt">                </SPAN>

<lookout4110>

ankash is alot of Wilmington flooded?

110.<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt">                </SPAN>

<Werblessed>

In Bladen County Outside of White<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </SPAN>Lake

</TBODY>

 

Table 5 topic –All chat leading to ‘ Mexican Roofers’

 

TABLE 5

  1. B/        14e.     <SWMPTHNG>                    THERE'LL BE PLENTY OF MEXICAN ROOFERS IN N CAROLINA NEXT WEEK
  1. B/        19a.      <ANGELICSTAR>              MY PRAYERS ARE WITH ALL OF YOU ON THE EAST COAST....takecare....bye
  1. G/       11j.      <KikoV> /\75 >2                 good job, huh, how's the pay?
  1. D/       17b.      <guest-mandy> /\77 >3       you go with that answer
  1. D/       12c.     <mahmoo>    /\65                ankash, i'm glad to know they're aware, not a frequent weather occurence for them
  1. B/        15c.     <playball14>                         easy about carolina
  1. B/        3f.         <Werblessed>                        So far just strong wind gusts and lots of rain.. Over 8 inches so far..
  1. D/       1h.       <EMT-Calvin> /\75 >7        and those folks will be sent back to mexico
  1. B/        20a.     <davesbraves>                       120 mi. se of cape look out nc
  1. B/        21b.      <guest-parrot>                       the cooler is full of beer, bring on Floyd
  1. D/       1i.         <EMT-Calvin> /\82             the locals will be the ones to get jobs
  1. D/       6f.        <ankash>        /\79                Yes, mahmoo, I hope they take it seriously
  1. B/        23c.     <lookout4110>                      Have the winds been strong?
  1. D/       15d.     <playball14>  /\85 >3          they work hard here
  1. E         14f.       <SWMPTHNG> /\82          WHOSE GONNA SEND THEM - THEY'LL BE CLIMBING ALL OVER EVERY HOUSE ON THE COAST SE HABLO ESPANOL
  1. B/        15e.     <playball14>                          and cancun is great
  1. B/        22c.      <guest-MisterD1>                 sigh...
  1. F/        16b.     <guest-sweetthing>   anyone else frim concord or nc here
  1. D/       6g.       <ankash>                                No not yet, not here in Wilmington......no tropical strength yet.
  1. A         24a      <guest-Jojo>              Hello Folks~~Greetings from Canada~~ How are you holding out down there?
  1. A/       25a.     <KBabe1974>                        hello all
  1. B/        3g.       <Werblessed>                         Gusts up to 60-65 so far its starting to pick up a bit.. Only gonna get stronger Between now and midnite
  1. B/        1j.         <EMT-Calvin> /\75 >22     folks need to be careful for con artest after the storm
  1. B/        20b. <davesbraves>               20 mi. south of raleigh here
  1. G/       31a. <ger3355>                                  where is that at werblessed?
  1. G/ 17c.   <guest-mandy> /\96          werblessed where are you
  1. C/ 4g.    <Kitteigh-Jo>                       hi jojo
  1. B/ 25b.   <KBabe1974> /\97 >5     i agree with emt-calvin
  1. B/8g.    <guest-MoreheadCityNC>    /\ 97 >5 Fortunately our best friend is a roofer!
  1. B/15f. <playball14> /\97 >7            everybody out for a buck unfortuneately
  1. F/ 14g. <SWMPTHNG>                   YOU AINT TALKING ABOUT MEX ROOFERS ARE YOU?
  1. D/ 6h. <ankash>        /\94 >12        Hi guest JoJo......I'm from Wilmington, the hurricane bullseye.
  1. 11k.     <KikoV>                                you mean carpet baggers
  1. 23d.     <lookout4110>                      ankash is alot of Wilmington flooded?
  1. 24b.     <guest-Jojo>                           Hi
  1. 3h.       <Werblessed>                         In Bladen County Outside of White Lake
  1. 16c.     <guest-sweetthing>    the wind feels good and we turned air off and opened windows here
  1. 1k.       <EMT-Calvin>                       i aint worried our new 99 home is under warrentyu
  1. 26a.     <mcend5177>                        how is everyone? is everyone safe?
  1. 17d.      <guest-mandy>                      where is that
  1. 14h.     <SWMPTHNG>                    i SAW A BUS LOAD HEADING ACROSS THE GEORGIA STATE LINE THIS MORNING
  1. 20c.     <davesbraves>                       blessed...sampson co.?
  1. 6i.        <ankash>                                Right many roads are closed! Many streets are unpassable.
  1. 1l.        <EMT-Calvin>                       morehead guess how many tie downs are on here
  1. 11l.      <KikoV>                                we got gun laws to deal with them.........
  1. 16d.     <guest-sweetthing>   i am safe here I hope we live in a doublewide
  1. 1m.       <EMT-Calvin>                      68 tie downs
  1. 24c.     <guest-Jojo>                           I know the anxiety you must be feeling~I was in two typhoons in Taiwan last year
  1. 27a.     <Zardiw>                              smptthing................go back to your SWAMP
  1. 8h.       <guest-MoreheadCityNC>     phone call brb
  1. 30a.     <guest-kodiak>                      does anyone know why UNCC has not closed
  1. 16e.      <guest-sweetthing>   where is floyd now
  1. 13c.      <JEWELLADY>                  ankash hows the wind there?
  1. 24d.     <guest-Jojo>              pretty freaky
  1. 3i.        <Werblessed>             I have doublewide we got out..
  1. 16f.      <guest-sweetthing>                I am kinda scared b/c of wind
  1. 14i.      <SWMPTHNG>                   WHAT AABOUT THE CONTRACTORS WHO HIRE THEM?? THEY OUGHT TO BE TRIED FOR TREASON DURING A NATIONAL EMERGENCY LIKE THIS

 

Table 6 Only ‘Mexican Roofers’ – blanks in between

 

TABLE 6

  1. B/       14e.      <SWMPTHNG>                  THERE'LL BE PLENTY OF MEXICAN ROOFERS IN N CAROLINA NEXT WEEK
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1. D/       1h.       <EMT-Calvin> /\75 >7      and those folks will be sent back to mexico
  1.  
  1.  
  1. D/       1i.          <EMT-Calvin> /\82                       the locals will be the ones to get jobs
  1.  
  1.  
  1. D/       15d.     <playball14>  /\85 >1          they work hard here
  1. E         14f.        <SWMPTHNG> /\82        WHOSE GONNA SEND THEM - THEY'LL BE CLIMBING ALL OVER EVERY HOUSE ON THE COAST SE HABLO ESPANOL
  1.  
  1. B/       22c.      <guest-MisterD1>               sigh...
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1. B/       1j.          <EMT-Calvin> /\75 >22   folks need to be careful for con artest after the storm
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1. B/ 25b. <KBabe1974> /\97 >5      i agree with emt-calvin
  1. B/8g. <guest-MoreheadCityNC>  /\ 97 >5 Fortunately our best friend is a roofer!
  1. B/15f.  <playball14> /\97 >7         everybody out for a buck unfortuneately
  1. F/ 14g. <SWMPTHNG>                 YOU AINT TALKING ABOUT MEX ROOFERS ARE YOU?
  1.  
  1. 11k.      <KikoV>                                you mean carpet baggers
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1. 14h.     <SWMPTHNG>                  i SAW A BUS LOAD HEADING ACROSS THE GEORGIA STATE LINE THIS MORNING
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1. 14i.       <SWMPTHNG>                 WHAT AABOUT THE CONTRACTORS WHO HIRE THEM?? THEY OUGHT TO BE TRIED FOR TREASON DURING A NATIONAL EMERGENCY LIKE THIS

 

  1. 11p.      <KikoV>                                now if they had money, I'd be the leader

 

Table 7 number of turns each speaker

 

speaker

# turns

turns

1. <EMT-Calvin>

34

1,

2. <TIFFTIFF18>

 

14

3. <Werblessed>

11

35

4. <Kitteigh-Jo>

6

42

5. <RUSSL1>

 

63

6. <ankash>

 

69

7. <Miss-Zena>

 

70

8. <guest-MoreheadCityNC>

 

82

9. <guest-dan-boca>

 

85

10. <guest-Sundance>

 

97

11. <KikoV>

 

112

12. <mahmoo>

 

118

13. <JEWELLADY>

 

121

14. <SWMPTHNG>

 

153

15. <playball14>

 

158

16. <guest-sweetthing>

 

163

17. <guest-mandy>

 

164

18. <guest-Tom>

 

173

19. <ANGELICSTAR>

 

179

20. <davesbraves>

 

188

21. <guest-parrot>

 

193

22. <guest-MisterD1>

 

200

23. <lookout4110>

 

214

24. <guest-Jojo>

 

222

25. <KBabe1974>

 

231

26. <mcend5177>

 

238

27. <Zardiw>

 

252

28. <guest-GSO_NC>

 

259

29. <BASSALE53>

 

262

30. <guest-kodiak>

 

263

31. <ger3355>

 

272

32. <guest-EZGuest367>

 

 

33. <Heavenly-AngeI>

 

 

34. <guest-MrLover>

 

 

35. <IMFLOYD>

 

 

36. <guest-Beau>

 

 

37. <BLUEYENC>

 

 

38. <eced>

 

 

39. <swampkit>

 

 

40. <guest-ohNO>

4

 

41. <BayouBear>

1

 

42. <guest-jada>

1

 

43. <guest-ToNYsimmons>

1

 

44. <guest-Capt>

1

 

45. <guest-BobR>

1

 

46.

 

195

47.

 

216, 226

48.

 

49, 224

 

Table 8  <Miss-Zena> <SWMPTHNG>

 

speaker

turn

Responds to

turns

7. <Miss-Zena>

7

 

how does it look in NJ?

 

18

 

but no bad storms?

 

32

 

ok thanks

 

61

 

I believe this storm will weaken

 

203

 

thanks.I am still here

 

209

204

no I am in California

 

218

 

clear and sunny.But I was born in Texas

 

232

 

no up between LA and Sa Francisco

 

238

 

ok

 

242

 

I am south of there

 

251

 

i flew over Portland

 

264

 

Swmpthing what state are you in now?

 

277

 

yes I went to Washington to move there but after 2 weeks I moved back to California

14. <SWMPTHNG>

20

 

I GOT A PLACE IN CHARLESTON - O WORD YET

 

33

 

GATOR-YOU STILL THERE

 

49

 

MISTER D1-WHERE YA AT

 

59

 

GUESTMORREHEAD CITY- HAS THE EYE REACHED LANDFALL

 

75

 

THERE'LL BE PLENTY OF MEXICAN ROOFERS IN N CAROLINA NEXT WEEK

 

89

 

WHOSE GONNA SEND THEM - THEY'LL BE CLIMBING ALL OVER  VERY HOUSE ON THE COAST SE HABLO ESPANOL

 

105

 

YOU AINT TALKING ABOUT MEX ROOFERS ARE YOU?

 

115

 

i SAW A BUS LOAD HEADING ACROSS THE GEORGIA STATE LINE THIS MORNING

 

131

 

WHAT AABOUT THE CONTRACTORS WHO HIRE THEM?? THEY OUGHT TO BE TRIED FOR TREASON DURING A NATIONAL EMERGENCY LIKE THIS

 

178

 

WHERE IS THE BLASTED DEVIL AT RIGHT NOW

 

204

 

ARE YOU NEAR THE STORM MISS ZENA

 

228

 

I'M IN LOWER SOUTH CAROLINA MISS ZENA - USE TO TRAVEL ALL OVER CALI WHEN I WAS GOING THROUGH MY SELF-DISCOVERY THING

 

237

 

CHICO,RED BLUFF, SANTA CRUZ MISS ZENA??

 

241

 

GODS SPEED BAYOU BEAR

 

245

 

EVER BEEN TO PORTLAND MISS ZENA

 

253

 

PORTLAND IS JUST LIKE CALI  SED TO BE-FULL OF GOOD PEOPLE WHO LET IT ALL HANG OUT

 

274

 

WESL - CAN YOU GIVE ME A CURRENT FIX ON FLOYD

 

 

Table 9 All turn takings

  1.                          <Neuage>                            ‘I am saving this dialogue, as long as I am in this room, to        use in research on Internet Chat for a postgraduate degree. If anyone is opposed to me saving their conversation say so and I will not save the chat’.
  1.             1a.        <EMT-Calvin>                    hahahaha lol
  1.             2a.        <TIFFTIFF18>                    DO U MOW IF ITS GONNA HIE  JERSEY AT ALL
  1.             3a.        <Werblessed>                      Where your hous thilling
  1.             4a.        <Kitteigh-Jo>                       near Princeton
  1.             5a.        <RUSSL1>                            right over my place
  1.             6a.        <ankash>                             New Jersy in under Tropical Storm Watch now Right?
  1.             7a.       <Miss-Zena>                       how does it look in NJ?
  1.             8a.        <guest-MoreheadCityNC> NO she's near 10th & Gville Blvd
  1.             9a.        <guest-dan-boca>               Can't load the Charleston SC nextrad at intellicast
  1.             10a.       <guest-Sundance>              Got a house in Atlantic Beach, hope it survives
  1.             4b.       <Kitteigh-Jo>                        We have rain n NJ
  1.             11a.      <KikoV>                                me neither
  1.             12a.       <mahmoo>                          brb.......gotta go get me some chocolate
  1.             1b.        <EMT-Calvin>                    that weather building in cherryt pooint says it s 126 degrees in cherry point
  1.             11b.       <KikoV>                               me too
  1.             8b.        <guest-MoreheadCityNC> Sundance,hope so too
  1. F/       2b.       <TIFFTIFF18>                     YES BUT IS IT GANNA HIT DO U KNOW
  1. F/       7b.        <Miss-Zena>           but no bad storms?
  1. C/       13a.       <JEWELLADY>                 HEY GATOR
  1. B/       14a.       <SWMPTHNG>                 I GOT A PLACE IN CHARLESTON - NO WORD YET
  1. B/       12b.     <mahmoo>                           dark chocolate
  1. B/       6b.        <ankash>                             I gotta go get some Xanax.
  1. B/ 15a. <playball14>            /\21               chocolate and carmel oh yeah
  1. F/       10b.     <guest-Sundance>               She should be ok, you ok IN  Morehead, how's the wind
  1. B/ 3b. <Werblessed>                      Rain All up and down coast from  floyd
  1. D/       11c.       <KikoV> /\24                     sundance, doubtful
  1. C/       19b.      <ANGELICSTAR>                         dan boca...all those weather sites are  really busy...i have tried too
  1. B/       4c.        <Kitteigh-Jo>                       maybe more down the shore than  inland
  1. A/       22a.     <guest-MisterD1>                Hi !
  1. D/       8c.       <guest-MoreheadCityNC>             Steady but not too bad, the rain  stopped and wind is verry dry air
  1. D/       8d.       <guest-MoreheadCityNC>             weird
  1. D/       7c.        <Miss-Zena>                       ok thanks
  1. G/       14b.      <SWMPTHNG>                 GATOR-YOU STILL THERE
  1. D/       2c.        <TIFFTIFF18>                    OK
  1. A/       1c.        <EMT-Calvin>                     well folks im signing off here
  1. C/       11d.      <KikoV>                                if it's on stilts, it'll be toothpicks
  1. F/       17g.     <guest-mandy>                    any tornados
  1. B/       4d.       <Kitteigh-Jo>                        Atlantic Cityschools are closed on Thurs and Fri
  1. B/       3c.       <Werblessed>                       At least he is getting weaker..
  1. C/       11e.      <KikoV>                                glad you're not there
  1. B/       21a.      <guest-parrot>                     its raining hard in hampton roads for the last two hours
  1. B/       1d.        <EMT-Calvin>                    i need some sleep
  1. F/       22b.     <guest-MisterD1>               HEY SOMEONE CAN ANSWER ME
  1. D/ 8e.              <guest-MoreheadCityNC> Good Luck, EMT, becareful staying in that MH and God bless
  1. A/       13b.     <JEWELLADY>                  hey
  1. B/       6c.        <ankash>                             Tornadoes in Pender Count
  1. C/ 11f.             <KikoV>                                forget it cal, this things just started
  1. A/       17h.     <guest-mandy> /\43 >5     hello misterd
  1. C/       14c.      <SWMPTHNG> /\43 >5   MISTER D1-WHERE YA AT
  1. B/       9b.       <guest-dan-boca>                Closest nexrad I could find was Raleigh - lots of rain.
  1. B/       11g.      <KikoV>                                these golk didn't know a storm was coming
  1. C/       19c.      <ANGELICSTAR>  /\43    mister d...what???
  1. F/       10c.      <guest-Sundance>               Has it flooded very bad on the island, heard they haad a tornado in emerald Isle
  1. F/       17i.        <guest-mandy>                   where is pender count
  1. B/       11h.       <KikoV>                               big storm too
  1. B/       3d.        <Werblessed>                      Pender has had them all dday..
  1. B/       4e.        <Kitteigh-Jo>                       But one of my best friends live in Fla
  1. E/ 23a.           <lookout4110>                       Who is in Wilm. right now?
  1. G/       14d.      <SWMPTHNG>                 GUESTMORREHEAD CITY- HAS THE EYE REACHED LANDFALL
  1. B/       11i.        <KikoV>                               ok, you like that, wait'll floyd get's to Long Island
  1. B/       7d.        <Miss-Zena>                       I believe this storm will weaken
  1. B/       3e.       <Werblessed>                       Im 50 Miles west of Wilm
  1. B/       1e.         <EMT-Calvin>                    i like being self employed
  1. D/       8f.        <guest-MoreheadCityNC> not that I know of Swamp
  1. B/       6d.       <ankash>                              Jersey knows, my sis lives there and she is out of school tomorrow, she is a teacher.
  1. B/       4f.         <Kitteigh-Jo>                       They are better than frogs spiders are my thing
  1. ?          15b.      <playball14>                         oh really
  1. B/       16a.      <guest-sweetthing>             I AM IN CONCORD NC AND NOTHING BUT RAIN AND LOTS OF WIND RIGHT NOW
  1. B/       1f.          <EMT-Calvin>                    dont have to worry about someone telling me to report to worl
  1. ?          1g.        <EMT-Calvin>                    k
  1. G/       23b.     <lookout4110>                       How ya holding up Werblessed?
  1. D/       6e.        <ankash>                             Thanks XXsweetNsexy!
  1. F/       17a.      <guest-mandy>                    any one in north west carolina
  1. F/       18a.      <guest-Tom>                        does anyone know where floyd isnow
  1. B/       14e.      <SWMPTHNG>                  THERE'LL BE PLENTY OF MEXICAN ROOFERS IN N CAROLINA NEXT WEEK
  1. B/       19a.       <ANGELICSTAR>             MY PRAYERS ARE WITH ALL OF YOU ON THE EAST COAST....takecare....bye
  1. G/       11j.       <KikoV> /\75 >2                 good job, huh, how's the pay?
  1. D/       17b.      <guest-mandy> /\77 >3    you go with that answer
  1. D/       12c.      <mahmoo> /\65                ankash, i'm glad to know they're aware, not a frequent weather occurence for them
  1. B/       15c.      <playball14>                         easy about carolina
  1. B/       3f.         <Werblessed>                      So far just strong wind gusts and lots of rain.. Over 8 inches so far..
  1. D/       1h.       <EMT-Calvin> /\75 >7      and those folks will be sent back to mexico
  1. B/       20a.     <davesbraves>                      120 mi. se of cape look out nc
  1. B/       21b.      <guest-parrot>                    the cooler is full of beer, bring on Floyd
  1. D/       1i.          <EMT-Calvin> /\82                       the locals will be the ones to get jobs
  1. D/       6f.        <ankash>      /\79                Yes, mahmoo, I hope they take it seriously
  1. B/       23c.     <lookout4110>                       Have the winds been strong?
  1. D/       15d.     <playball14>  /\85 >3          they work hard here
  1. E         14f.        <SWMPTHNG> /\82        WHOSE GONNA SEND THEM - THEY'LL BE CLIMBING ALL OVER EVERY HOUSE ON THE COAST SE HABLO ESPANOL
  1. B/       15e.      <playball14>                          and cancun is great
  1. B/       22c.      <guest-MisterD1>               sigh...
  1. F/       16b.     <guest-sweetthing>            anyone else frim concord or nc here
  1. D/       6g.       <ankash>                              No not yet, not here in Wilmington......no tropical strength yet.
  1. A         24a      <guest-Jojo>                        Hello Folks~~Greetings from Canada~~ How are you holding out down there?
  1. A/       25a.     <KBabe1974>                       hello all
  1. B/       3g.       <Werblessed>                       Gusts up to 60-65 so far its starting to pick up a bit.. Only gonna get stronger Between now and midnite
  1. B/       1j.          <EMT-Calvin> /\75 >22   folks need to be careful for con artest after the storm
  1. B/       20b.     davesbraves>                        20 mi. south of raleigh here
  1. G/       31a.       <ger3355>                            where is that at werblessed?
  1. G/ 17c. <guest-mandy> /\96         werblessed where are you
  1. C/ 4g. <Kitteigh-Jo>                        hi jojo
  1. B/ 25b. <KBabe1974> /\97 >5      i agree with emt-calvin
  1. B/8g. <guest-MoreheadCityNC>  /\ 97 >5 Fortunately our best friend is a roofer!
  1. B/15f.  <playball14> /\97 >7         everybody out for a buck unfortuneately
  1. F/ 14g. <SWMPTHNG>                 YOU AINT TALKING ABOUT MEX ROOFERS ARE YOU?
  1. D/ 6h. <ankash>     /\94 >12        Hi guest JoJo......I'm from Wilmington, the hurricane bullseye.
  1. 11k.      <KikoV>                                you mean carpet baggers
  1. 23d.     <lookout4110>                       ankash is alot of Wilmington flooded?
  1. 24b.     <guest-Jojo>                         Hi
  1. 3h.       <Werblessed>                       In Bladen County Outside of White Lake
  1. 16c.      <guest-sweetthing>             the wind feels good and we turned air off and opened windows here
  1. 1k.       <EMT-Calvin>                     i aint worried our new 99 home is under warrentyu
  1. 26a.     <mcend5177>                       how is everyone? is everyone safe?
  1. 17d.      <guest-mandy>                   where is that
  1. 14h.     <SWMPTHNG>                  i SAW A BUS LOAD HEADING ACROSS THE GEORGIA STATE LINE THIS MORNING
  1. 20c.     <davesbraves>                      blessed...sampson co.?
  1. 6i.        <ankash>                              Right many roads are closed! Many streets are unpassable.
  1. 1l.         <EMT-Calvin>                     morehead guess how many tie downs are on here
  1. 11l.       <KikoV>                                we got gun laws to deal with them.........
  1. 16d.     <guest-sweetthing>            i am safe here I hope we live in a doublewide
  1. 1m.       <EMT-Calvin>                    68 tie downs
  1. 24c.     <guest-Jojo>                         I know the anxiety you must be feeling~I was in two typhoons in Taiwan last year
  1. 27a.     <Zardiw>                             smptthing................go back to your SWAMP
  1. 8h.       <guest-MoreheadCityNC>             phone call brb
  1. 30a.     <guest-kodiak>                    does anyone know why UNCC has not closed
  1. 16e.       <guest-sweetthing>            where is floyd now
  1. 13c.       <JEWELLADY>                 ankash hows the wind there?
  1. 24d.     <guest-Jojo>                        pretty freaky
  1. 3i.        <Werblessed>                       I have doublewide we got out..
  1. 16f.       <guest-sweetthing>             I am kinda scared b/c of wind
  1. 14i.       <SWMPTHNG>                 WHAT AABOUT THE CONTRACTORS WHO HIRE THEM?? THEY OUGHT TO BE TRIED FOR TREASON DURING A NATIONAL EMERGENCY LIKE THIS
  1. 23e.     <lookout4110>                       But still not strong winds? when should you start feeling them ankash?
  1. 16g.     <guest-sweetthing                and trees
  1. 11m.     <KikoV>                                 68 sounds like a spider wed
  1. 1n.        <EMT-Calvin>                    well our home is really not considered double wide
  1. 17e.      <guest-mandy>                    uncc is closed
  1. 6j.        <ankash>                              Winds are picking up but not tropical yet.
  1.  
  2. 17f.        <guest-mandy>                   gocarolinas .com
  1. 12c.       <mahmoo>                          i don't deserve this
  1. 11n.      <KikoV>                                good for you werb
  1. 28a.     <guest-GSO_NC>               probably waiting til the last minute... havee the mecklinburg county schools closed?
  1. 29a.     <BASSALE53>                     im from conn its heading our way
  1. 30b.      <guest-kodiak>                   where did you hear this
  1. 31b.     <ger3355>                             to a 140 mile an hour wind, a double wide or a regular house doesn't make any difference, both are screwed.
  1. 30c.     <guest-kodiak>                   i didnt know uncc was closed
  1. 6k.       <ankash>                              The news says the eye should hit us in the early AM hours.
  1. 30d.     <guest-kodiak>                    it doesnt say it on any of the broadcasts
  1. 16h.     <guest-sweetthing>             mecklenburg is closed
  1. 24e.     <guest-Jojo>                        I have a friend in VA~Should I be worried?
  1. 3j.         <Werblessed>                      Our schools ae closed today tomorrow and probably Firday
  1. 13d.     <JEWELLADY>                   ankash i have a house in calabash have you heard anything from there?
  1. 11o.      <KikoV>                                deserve what? your our leader
  1. 1o.         <EMT-Calvin>                    folks my God is able
  1. 6l.        <ankash>                              I doubt it Jojo. They sould be okay
  1. 16i.        <guest-sweetthing>            calabash is flooded
  1. 24f.       <guest-Jojo>                        Good to hear
  1. 11p.      <KikoV>                                now if they had money, I'd be the leader
  1. 1p.        <EMT-Calvin>                    i have faith in jesus
  1. 32a.     <guest-EZGuest367>          Anyone know if I should worry about daughter in west NC?
  1. 12d.     <mahmoo>                           33.5 oz Hershey's Special Dark Chocolate
  1. 23f.      <lookout4110>                       What's the word on Tornadoes ankash?
  1. 31c.      <ger3355>                            Amen EMT
  1. 1q.       <EMT-Calvin>                     if he aint done with me
  1. 1r.        <EMT-Calvin>                     i wont get hurt
  1. 20d.     <davesbraves>                      west nc should be ok
  1. 13e.      <JEWELLADY>                 how about damage in calabash?
  1. 16j.       <guest-sweetthing>             i am in nc and it is rainy and windy thats all
  1. 12e.      <mahmoo>                           oops 3.5 oz
  1. 33a.     <Heavenly-AngeI>              Amen emt
  1. 6m.      <ankash>                              noworry in West NC
  1. 30e.     <guest-kodiak>                    MANDY, whre did you hear that UNCC is closed
  1. 16k.     <guest-sweetthing>            no trees flying yet thank god
  1. 1s.         <EMT-Calvin>                    thats whty i have such a peace in my heart tonigjt
  1. 11q.      <KikoV>                                mahmoo, you send spices, I send Hershey's ...even steven
  1. 32b.     <guest-EZGuest367>         thank you for the info
  1. 31d.     <ger3355>                            Where you at EMT?
  1. 3k.       <Werblessed>                       He has the pwoer just by speaking to calm the storm
  1. 14j.       <SWMPTHNG>                  WHERE IS THE BLASTED DEVIL AT RIGHT NOW
  1. 1t.         <EMT-Calvin>                    so howdy neighbor
  1. 34a.     <guest-MrLover>                 gator, over for YOu. ... heading up north
  1. 6n.       <ankash>                              Are talking about the right to die?
  1. ?          <klayton1>                            im at the jersey shore anyone here my forecast?
  1. 24g.     <guest-Jojo>                        gotta run....y'all take care down there...be safe
  1. 8i.         <guest-MoreheadCityNC> I'm off 35th St. mandy Farms East
  1. 35a.     <IMFLOYD>                                   all life is a deep as the ocean..........my home.....my birthplace.........my grave
  1. 36a.     <guest-Beau>                       Calvin, your last name wouldn't be Graham would it
  1. 11r.       <KikoV>                                zinc sale... that's what they call it in the islands
  1. 1u.       <EMT-Calvin>                     but i know alot of graphms
  1. 4h.       <Kitteigh-Jo>                                    Hi klayIm in NJ only inland tropical storm warnngs
  1.             24h.     <guest-Jojo>                         Bye bye
  1.  37a.    <BLUEYENC>                   hello everyone riding out the storm
  1. 14k.     <SWMPTHNG>                  WHATS UP WITH IM FLOYD?
  1. 1v.        <EMT-Calvin>                     i am a member with beaufort ems
  1. 4i.        <Kitteigh-Jo>                                    which shore are ya at klay?
  1. 6o.       <ankash>                              ImFLOYD would you like to chat privately?
  1. 38a.     <eced>                                  sick
  1. 8j.         <guest-MoreheadCityNC> The radio just said lanfall 2 am Wilmington Area
  1. 36b.     <guest-Beau>                      MHC, i suspect about like in Morehead-windy at times, some pretty heavy rains
  1. 35b. <IMFLOYD>                           julie........u charm me
  1. 1w.       <EMT-Calvin>                     folks dont worrry we have got power crews comiong from other states
  1. 39a.     <swampkit>                          HAY SWAMPTHING!!!!witch swamp ya from??
  1. 9c.       <guest-dan-boca>                yeah - the hard part is the waiting - asking yourself "Have I prepared well enough"?
  1. 7e.       <Miss-Zena>                        thanks.I am still here
  1. 14l.       <SWMPTHNG>                  ARE YOU NEAR THE STORM MISS ZENA
  1. 36c.     <guest-Beau>                      I understand CP and L has 7000 men waiting
  1. 8k.       <guest-MoreheadCityNC> EVAC outer banks, low areas & trailers, I'm in my house
  1. 40a.     <guest-ohNO>                    gardencity\georgetown is going to get hit the hardest
  1. 41a.      <BayouBear>                       LA sent a bunch of crews today
  1. 7f.         <Miss-Zena>                       no I am in California
  1. 42a.     <guest-jada>                         How is this supposed to effect kinston, Wilson NC
  1. 43a.     <guest-ToNYsimmons>    PEOPLE ALL ACROSS THE US ARE KEEPING YOU ALL IN PRAYER....
  1. 44a.     <guest-Capt>                        VIAGRA AND PRUNE JUICE....DON'T KNOW IF I'M COMING OR GOING.....
  1. 45a.     <guest-BobR>                      Hi from Charleston SC
  1. 1x.        <EMT-Calvin>                     i am one of the carteret county personal for ems and fire we evacuated the beach and barrior islands today
  1. 36d.     <guest-Beau>                       still no 11 PMs-they are late
  1. 48b.     <guest-ohNO>                     im in Monroe,NC
  1. 35c.     <IMFLOYD>                                   a swamp that is getting deeper by the minute..............
  1. 7g.        <Miss-Zena>                       clear and sunny.But I was born in Texas
  1. 39b.     <swampkit>                          swampthing witch swampya from???
  1. 8l.        <guest-MoreheadCityNC> Worried, who's worried?
  1. 48c.     <guest-ohNO>                    i am:)
  1. 1y.         <EMT-Calvin>                    and a mandatory evacuation for folks in flood prone areas
  1. 36e.     <guest-Beau>                       alk, in 4-6 hours I will be
  1. <windysc>                                         ohNO......gardencity/georgetown......will not recive the brunt of the storm....e nc will
  1. 35d.     <IMFLOYD>                                   alk75........i am at the true center
  1. 48d.     <guest-ohNO>                     yes huh u reject
  1. 35e.     <IMFLOYD>                                   hello Christina
  1. 14m.    <SWMPTHNG>                  I'M IN LOWER SOUTH CAROLINA MISS ZENA - USE TO TRAVEL ALL OVER CALI WHEN I WAS GOING THROUGH MY SELF-DISCOVERY THING
  1. 6p.        <ankash>                             32.6N 78.West/120MPG/N-NE/Hurricane force winds expected in Brunswick and
  1. 35f.      <IMFLOYD>                                   i am dying
  1. 1z.        <EMT-Calvin>                     swmp are you near paris island
  1. 7h.       <Miss-Zena>                        no up between LA and Sa Francisco
  1. 36f.      <guest-Beau>                       ankash those the 11PMs
  1. 35g.     <IMFLOYD>                                   but so are we all......i have 3 days left
  1. 8m.       <guest-MoreheadCityNC> The only thing I'm really worried about is my plane
  1. 11s.      <KikoV>                                take it easy, ohnp
  1. 14n.     <SWMPTHNG>                 CHICO,RED BLUFF, SANTA CRUZ MISS ZENA??
  1. 7i.        <Miss-Zena>                        ok
  1. 1aa.      <EMT-Calvin>                     morehead you got a plane at beaufort air port
  1. 35h.     <IMFLOYD>                                   when i pass into the colder north atlantic.......i will lose energy and die
  1. 14o.      <SWMPTHNG>                 GODS SPEED BAYOU BEAR
  1. 7j.        <Miss-Zena>                                    I am south of there
  1. 11t.       <KikoV>                               MHC, you have a plane there, they didn't tell you a storm was coming??
  1. 6q.       <ankash>                             It was the latest, don't know if the 11 pm has come in yet, but I will check in a couple minutes
  1. 14p.     <SWMPTHNG>                  EVER BEEN TO PORTLAND MISS ZENA
  1. 8n.       <guest-MoreheadCityNC> yep, fortunately it's in a hanger although Dennis peeled some roofs
  1. 39c.     <swampkit>                          NOT this one
  1. 36g.     <guest-Beau>                       if 78 is correct then Floyd will miss Wilmington to the east-lookout Onslow and careret Counties
  1. 39d.     <swampkit>                          news is on
  1. 35i.      <IMFLOYD>                                   goodbye Christina
  1. 7k.       <Miss-Zena>                                    i flew over Portland
  1. 1bb.      <EMT-Calvin>                    hmmm
  1. 14q.     <SWMPTHNG>                  PORTLAND IS JUST LIKE CALI USED TO BE-FULL OF GOOD PEOPLE WHO LET IT ALL HANG OUT
  1. 6r.         <ankash>                             Surf City has been evacuated.
  1. 38b.     <eced>                                  hi from e city
  1. 35g.     <IMFLOYD>                                   julie..........wouldnt u b
  1. 7m. <Miss-Zena>                             yeah
  1. 1cc.      <EMT-Calvin>                     belive it or not i get locksmith jobs as far as 100 miles one way inland
  1. 1dd.      <EMT-Calvin>                    and yes i been to topsail beach just last month to unlock a car
  1. 35h.     <IMFLOYD>                                   but its not that bad.....i am eternal........only not as i am now
  1. 39d.     <swampkit>                          the eys is 135 miles out it is a catgory 3
  1. 1dd.     <EMT-Calvin>                     hi wes
  1. 1ee.      <EMT-Calvin>                     im a talkcity op also
  1. 7n.       <Miss-Zena>                        Swmpthing what state are you in now?
  1. 35i.      <IMFLOYD>                                  my brief life will end........but my memory will live for awhile......and my true essence will live forever
  1. 38c.     <eced>                                  wet
  1. 39e.     <swampkit>                          lines down.....power out...
  1. 11u.      <KikoV>                                oh wes, you taking over for cal
  1. 14r.      <SWMPTHNG>                  SEATTLE IS TOO MUCH LIKE MODERN DAY FRISCO -GIVE ME OREGON ANY DAY (EXCEPT THERE AREN'T ANY SWAMPS THERE) MISS ZENA
  1. 11v.      <KikoV>                                he needs rest
  1. 6s.       <ankash>                              I'm sure they are okay.....they are use to this in Surf City, Topsail.
  1. 1ff.        <EMT-Calvin>                     i am a room op in room called fire-4-God
  1. 39f.      <swampkit>                          most of Charlestone NC is with out power
  1. 14s.      <SWMPTHNG>                  WESL - CAN YOU GIVE ME A CURRENT FIX ON FLOYD
  1. 35j.      <IMFLOYD>                                   i've got a sister........want to see
  1. 8o.       <guest-MoreheadCityNC> finally got the 11 pm tropical discussion
  1. 7o.       <Miss-Zena>                        yes I went to Washington to move there but after 2 weeks I moved back to California
  1. 35k.     <IMFLOYD>                                   her she is again
  1. 39h.     <swampkit>                                     storm will hit shore in am

Table 10 All participants and number of turns each takes

 

speaker

# of entries

1. <EMT-Calvin>

34

2. <TIFFTIFF18>

1

3. <Werblessed>

11

4. <Kitteigh-Jo>

6

5. <RUSSL1>

1

6. <ankash>

16

7. <Miss-Zena>

13

8. <guest-MoreheadCityNC>

15

9. <guest-dan-boca>

3

10. <guest-Sundance>

3

11. <KikoV>

19

12. <mahmoo>

5

13. <JEWELLADY>

5

14. <SWMPTHNG>

16

15. <playball14>

6

16. <guest-sweetthing>

9

17. <guest-mandy>

9

18. <guest-Tom>

1

19. <ANGELICSTAR>

3

20. <davesbraves>

3

21. <guest-parrot>

3

22. <guest-MisterD1>

3

23. <lookout4110>

5

24. <guest-Jojo>

8

25. <KBabe1974>

2

26. <mcend5177>

1

27. <Zardiw>

1

28. <guest-GSO_NC>

1

29. <BASSALE53>

1

30. <guest-kodiak>

5

31. <ger3355>

4

32. <guest-EZGuest367>

2

33. <Heavenly-AngeI>

1

34. <guest-MrLover>

1

35. <IMFLOYD>

9

36. <guest-Beau>

7

37. <BLUEYENC>

1

38. <eced>

1

39. <swampkit>

4

40. <guest-ohNO>

4

41. <BayouBear>

1

42. <guest-jada>

1

43. <guest-ToNYsimmons>

1

44. <guest-Capt>

1

45. <guest-BobR>

1

46. <abkash>

1

47. <guest-ohNO>

2

48. <windysc>

1

 CS 1 Table Ten <IMFLOYD>

                                                                                   

 

196

35a.

<IMFLOYD>

all life is a deep as the ocean..........my home.....my birthplace.........my grave

200

35b

<IMFLOYD>

julie........u charm me

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Figures

Figure 1 Storm types of speech

Figure 2

 

 

Glossary

·        Chat events are the individual turn-taking text of a particular participator in a chat room.

·        ethnographic online For work on ethnographic see METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES IN CONVERSATION ANALYSIS</SPAN> <SPAN style="COLOR: olive">’ </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black">http://www.pscw.uva.nl/emca/mica.htm </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: red">LAST ACCESSED ON-LINE Thursday, 30 November 2000 (47)

·        Phenomenology: ‘A system of "presuppositionless" philosophy developed by Edmund Husserl, who sought to investigate the pure data of human consciousness -- its Lebenswelt, or "lived world." According to Husserl's key concept of intentionality, consciousness is always consciousness of something; it is always directed to an object. Bracketing external reality (epoché) and making neither epistemological assumptions about the foundations of knowledge nor ontological assumptions about the nature of being, the phenomenologist examines the intentional objects of consciousness without making reference to any external objects or real existence.’ © Greig E. Henderson and Christopher Brown, University of Toronto

·        Turn-taking
 A pragmatic conversation principle usually (but, heaven knows, not always) respected in which each participant in a dialogue takes turns at speaking. The rules that govern turn-taking are rather complex and involve subtle factors like intonation, contour and pausing as well as the more straightforward invitations from the other person to speak, such as questions and partial lead-ins. The Penguin Dictionary of Psychology, © Arthur S. Reber 1995

·        Thread – A line of conversation

 

Bibliography

 


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Cohen, Ralph. (Editor) New Literary History 31.1, Winter 2000, On the Writings of Wolfgang Iser. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/new_literary_history/toc/nlh31.1.html viewed 23/02/2002 19:04.

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Fish, Stanley. (1970] "Literature in the Reader: Affective Stylistics" Cambridge: Harvard University Press

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Grabe, W. [1992] "What every ESL teacher should know about reading in English." In Rodriguez, R.A., Ortega, R.L. & Macarthur, F. (Eds.)

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[1] Selected studies of Wolfgang Iser's The Act of Reading (1978).

·         Bache, William. Modern Fiction Studies (Summer 1980), 26(2):372-376.

 

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