Measuring of the relativistic potential difference across a rotating magnetic dielectric cylinder, J.B. Hertzberg, S.R. Bickerman, M.T.Hummom, D. Krauw, J.R., S.K. Peck am L.R. Hunter, Am. J. Phys, 69(6), June 2001
According to the Special Theory of Relativity, a rotating magnetic dielectric cylinder in an axial magnetic field should exhibit a contribution to the radial electric potential that is associated with the motion of the material's magnetic poles. In 1913 Wilson reported a measurement of the potential difference across a magnetic dielectric constructed from wax and steel balls. Their measurement has long been regarded as a verification of this prediction. In 1995 Pelligrini and Swift questioned the theoretical basis of the experiment. In particular, they pointed out that it is not obvious that a rotating medium may be treated as if each each point in the material is locally inertial or not. They calculated the effect in the rotating frame and predicted a potential different from both the Wilsons' theory and experiment. Subsequent analysis of the experiment suggests that the Wilsons' experiment does not distinguish between the two predictions due to the fact that their composite steel-wax cylinder is conductive in the regions of magnetization. We report measurements of the radial voltage difference across various rotating dielectric cylinders, including a homogeneous magnetic material (YIG), to unambiguously test the competing calculations. Our are compatible with the traditional treatment of the effect of using a co-moving locally inertial reference frame, and are incompatible with predictions based on the model of Pelligrini and Swift