CHRONOLOGY


3102 BC
 Epoch of the Kali Yuga Era and of the Bharata War according to one school of astronomers. 
 
2700 BC 
 Date of Indus Valley Seals found at Kish. 
 
2449 BC
 Date of heroes of the Bharata War according to a second group of astronomers and chronologists. 
 
1435 BC
 Aryan Kings in Western Asia. 
 
1414 BC
 Date of the Bharata War according to certain Puranas. 
 
1375 BC
 Worship of Aryan deities in the land of the Mitanni. 
 
817 BC
 Traditional date of the birth of Parsvanatha. 
 
558 BC
 Accession of Cyrus the Great, conqueror of Kapisi. 
 
544 BC
 Traditional Epoch of the Ceylonese Era of Buddhas Nirvana. 
 
527 BC
 Traditional Epoch of the Era of Mahaviras Nirvana. 
 
522 BC
 Accession of Darius I, conqueror of the "Indian" satrapy of the Persian Empire. 
 
518-517 BC
 Naval Expedition of Skylax and conquest of the Indian satrapy. 
 
486 BC
 Cantonese date of Buddhas Nirvana. 
 
327-326 BC
 Invasion of India by Alexander. 
 
325 BC
 Alexander leaves India. 
 
324 BC
 Rise of the Maurya Dynasty. 
 
313 BC
 Jaina date of the year of Chandraguptas accession, probably as ruler of Avanti. 
 
305 BC
 Indian Expedition of Seleuko Nikator. 
 
273-232 BC
 The reign of Asoka. 
 
206 BC
 Indian Expedition of Antiochos III, King of Syria. 
 
187 BC
 Rise of the Dynasty of Pushyamitra. 
 
165 BC
 Plato, King of Bactria. 
 
162 BC
 Latest possible date for the assumption of the title "Great" by Eukratides, King of Bactria and the Indian borderland. 
 
145-101 BC
 Elara Chola, King of Ceylon. 
 
138-88 BC
 Conflict of the kings of Parthia with Sakas in Eastern Iran. 
 
126 BC
 The Chinese ambassador Chang-Kien visits the Yueh-chi in the Oxus region. 
 
58 BC
 Epoch of the Kirta-Malava-Vikrama Era. 
 
57-38 BC
 Squared letters appear on Parthian coins. 
 
44-29 BC
 Tamil kings in Ceylon. 
 
30 BC
 End of Sunga-Kanva rule in Eastern Malwa. Satavahana supremacy in the Deccan. 
 
26-20 BC
 Indian embassies to Augustus. 
 
2 BC
 A Chinese official instructed in Buddhism by a Yueh-chi King. 
 
1 AD 
 Isidore of Charax. 
 
47 AD 
 Takht-i-Bahi record of Gondophernes. 
 
64 AD 
 The Chinese Emperor Ming-ti sends for Buddhist texts. 
 
77 AD 
 Plinys Natural History. 
 
78 AD 
 Epoch of the Saka Era. Decline of the Parthian and the consolidation of the Kushan power in the Indus Valley. 
 
89-105 AD 
 Kushan King repulsed by the Chinese General Pan Chao. 
 
100 AD 
 Indian embassy to the Roman Emperor Trajan. 
 
119-124 AD 
 Nahapana. His power overthrown by Gautamiputra Satakarni. 
 
130-150 AD 
 Rudradaman I, contemporary of Vasishthiputra Sri Satakarni. 
 
148-170 AD 
 An-Shih-Kao translates a work by Kanishkas chaplain. 
 
152 AD 
 China loses Khotan. 
 
200 AD 
 Palmyra created a Roman colony. 
 
230 AD 
 The Yueh chi King Po-tiao (Vasudeva?) sends an embassy to China. 
 
248 AD 
 Epoch of the Traikutaka-Kalachuri Era. 
 
276-293 AD 
 Sassanian conquest of parts of NorthWest. 
 
320 AD 
 (Feb. 26) Gupta Era begins. 
 
360 AD 
 Ceylonese Embassy to Samudra Gupta. 
 
380 AD 
 Accession of Chandra Gupta II. 
 
388 AD 
 Latest known date of the Sakas of Western India. 
 
405-411 AD 
 Travels of Fa-Hien in the Gupta Empire. 
 
415 AD 
 Accession of Kumara Gupta I. 
 
436 AD 
 Simhavarman, the Pallava King of Kanchi, mentioned in the Lokavibhaga. 
 
448 AD 
 Huns in the Oxus valley. 
 
455 AD 
 Accession of Skanda Gupta. 
 
458 AD 
 Date of the Lokavibhaga. 
 
467 AD 
 Last known date of Skanda Gupta. 
 
473 AD 
 Kumara Gupta II. 
 
476 AD 
 Birth of the astronomer Aryabhata. 
 
477-495 AD 
 Reign of Budha Gupta. 
 
507-508 AD 
 Vainya Gupta. Gopachandra, a contemporary of Vainya Gupta. 
 
510-511AD 
 Bhanu Gupta. 
 
533 AD 
 Yasodharman, conqueror of Mihirakula the Hun King. 
 
543-544 AD 
 Continuance of Gupta rule in North Bengal. Rise of the Chalukyas of Vatapi. 
 
547 AD 
 Kosmas Indikopleustes. 
 
554 AD 
 Isanavarman Maukhari. 
 
566-567 AD 
 Accession of Kirtivarman I, Chalukya. 
 
606 AD 
 Accession of Harshavardhana. 
 
609 AD 
 Coronation of Pulakesin II, Chalukya. 
 
619-620 AD 
 Supremacy of Sasanka in Eastern India. 
 
622 AD 
 Era of the Hijra. 
 
634 AD 
 Reference to the fame of Kalidasa and Bharavi in the Aihole inscription. 
 
637 AD 
 Arab raid against Thana. 
 
639 AD 
 Foundation of Lhasa by Srong-tsan-Gampo. 
 
641 AD 
 Harshas embassy to China. 
 
642 AD 
 Death of Pulakesin II. Probable date of the death of Amsuvarman of Nepal. 
 
642-668 AD 
 Narasimhavarman I, the Great Pallava. 
 
643 AD 
 Harshas meeting with Hiuen-Tsang. First mission of Wang-Hiuen-Tse. 
 
646 AD 
 Second mission of Wang-Hiuen-Tse. Siladitya (of Mewar?)
 
646-647 AD 
 Death of Harsha. 
 
647-648 AD 
 Bhaskaravarman or Kumararaja, King of Kamarupa, helped Wang-Hiuen-Tse. 
 
657 AD 
 Third mission of Wang-Hiuen-Tse. 
 
661 AD 
 Guhila Aparajita. 
 
667 AD 
 "Five Indies" send ambassadors to China. 
 
672-673 AD 
 Adityasena. 
 
674 AD 
 Vikramaditya I, Chalukya. Paramesvaravarman I, Pallava. 
 
675-685 AD 
 Itsing at Nalanda. 
 
711 AD 
 Invasion of Sind by Muhammad b. Qasim. 
 
712 AD 
 Arab conquest of Nirun and Aror. Defeat and death of Dahir. 
 
713 AD 
 Capture of Multan by the Muslims. 
 
720 AD 
 Sri Narasimha Potavarmans diplomatic relations with China. 
 
724-743 AD 
 Khalif Hisham. Junaid, Governor of Sind. 
 
731 AD 
 Yasovarmans embassy to China. 
 
733 AD 
 Lalitaditya Muktapida receives investiture as king from the Emperor of China. 
 
742 AD 
 Dantidurga a feudatory of the Chalukyas. 
 
743-789 AD 
 Santarakshita and Padmasambhava invited to Tibet. Rise of Lamaism. 
 
753 AD 
 Rise of the Rashtrakuta Empire. 
 
783 AD 
 Indrayudha (Kanauj). Vatsaraja (Pratihara). 
 
793-815AD 
 Govinda III, Rashtrakuta. 
 
815 AD 
 Nagabhata (Pratihara). 
 
815-877 AD 
 Amoghavarsha I, Rashtrakuta. 
 
829 AD 
 Harjara, King of Kamarupa. 
 
836 AD 
 Accession of Bhoja I, King of Kanauj. 
 
850 AD 
 Lalliya Shahi. 
 
855 AD 
 Accession of Avantivarman of Kashmir. 
 
871-907 AD 
 Aditya I, Chola. 
 
879 AD 
 New Nepalese Era. 
 
892 AD 
 Coronation of Bhima I, Eastern Chalukya. 
 
893 AD 
 Mahendrapala I (Pratihara). 
 
907 AD 
 Accession of Parantaka I, Chola. 
 
914 AD 
 Mahipala I (Pratihara). Continuance of Pratihara rule in Surashtra. 
 
939 AD 
 Yasaskara, King of Kashmir. 
 
942-943 AD 
 Guhila Bhatripatta II. 
 
945 AD 
 Coronation of Amma II (Vijayaditya VI), Eastern Chalukya. 
 
950-1003 AD 
 Queen Didda of Kashmir. 
 
954-1002 AD 
 Dhanga Chandella
 
962 AD 
 Foundation of the Kingdom of Ghazni. 
 
973 AD 
 Foundation of the later Chalukya Empire (of Kalyana). 
 
974-995 AD 
 Munja. 
 
977 AD 
 Accession of Sabuktigin. 
 
985 AD 
 Accession of Rajaraja the Great, Chola. 
 
986-987 AD 
 First invasion of Sabuktigin. 
 
995 AD 
 Accession of Sindhuraja Navasahasanka. 
 
997 AD 
 Death of Sabuktigin. 
 
998 AD 
 Accession of Sultan Mahmud. 
 
1001 AD 
 Great defeat of Jaipal by Sultan Mahmud. 
 
1008 AD 
 Battle near Und. 
 
1012-1044 AD 
 Rajendra Chola I. 
 
1013 AD 
 Mahmud captures Nandana. 
 
1018 AD 
 Rajyapala (Pratihara). Kanauj seized by Mahmud of Ghazni. 
 
1018-1055 AD 
 Bhoja of Dhara. 
 
1026 AD 
 Sarnath inscription of the time of Mahipala I of Bengal. Fall of Nidar Bhim (Shahi). Sack of Somnath (during the reign of Bhimdeva I). 
 
1030 AD 
 Death of Sultan Mahmud. 
 
1032 AD 
 Vimala Sha. 
 
1039 AD 
 Death of Gangeyadeva Kalachuri. 
 
1040 AD 
 Coronation of Laksmi-karna of the Kalachuri Dynasty. 
 
1052 AD 
 Red Fort at Delhi. 
 
1070-1122 AD 
 Rajendra Chola, Kulottunga I. 
 
1076-1127 AD 
 Vikramaditya VI of Kalyana. 
 
1076-1148 AD 
 Anantavarman Choda Ganga. 
 
1089-1101 AD 
 Harsha of Kashmir. 
 
1090 AD 
 Rise of the Gahadavalas. 
 
1098 AD 
 Kirtivarman Chandella. 
 
1106-1141 AD 
 Vishnuvardhana Hoysala. 
 
1113-1114 AD 
 Foundation of an Era by Siddharaja Jayasimha of Gujarat. 
 
1114-1154 AD 
 Govinda Chandra, the Great Gahadavala King. 
 
1119 AD 
 Epoch of the Lakshmana Sena Era. 
 
1143-1172 AD 
 Kumarapala of Gujarat. 
 
1153-1164 AD 
 Vigraharaja IV (Visaladeva). 
 
1158 AD 
 Ballala Sena. 
 
1167-1202 AD 
 Paramardi Chandella. 
 
1170-1194 AD 
 Jayachchandra. 
 
1175 AD 
 Muhammad bin Sam invades India and captures Multan. 
 
1178 AD 
 Muhammad defeated in Gujarat. 
 
1179-1242 AD 
 Bhimdev II of Gujarat. 
 
1185-1205 AD 
 Lakshmana Sena of Bengal. 
 
1186 AD 
 Fall of the Yamini Dynasty. 
 
1191 AD 
 First battle of Tarain. 
 
1192 AD 
 Second battle of Tarain. Fall of Prithviraja III Chahamana (Chauhan). 
 
1192-1193 AD 
 Qutb-ud-din Aibak takes Delhi. 
 
1194 AD 
 Battle of Chandwar. Fall of the Gahadavalas. 
 
1197-1247 AD 
 Singhana the Great, Yadava King. 
 
1200 AD 
 Ikhtiyar-ud-din conquers parts of Eastern India. 
 
1206 AD 
 Death of Muhammad bin Sam and accession of Qutb-ud-din in India. 
 
1210 AD 
 Death of Qutb-ud din. Accession of Aram Shah. 
 
1210-1211 AD 
 Accession of Iltutmish. 
 
1221 AD 
 Invasion of the Mongols under Chengiz Khan. 
 
1228 AD 
 Ahoms in Assam. 
 
1231 AD 
 Tejahpala. 
 
1231-1232 AD 
 Foundation of the Qutb Minar. 
 
1236 AD 
 Death of Iltutmish. Accession and deposition of Firuz. Accession of Raziyya. 
 
1240 AD 
 Deposition and murder of Raziyya. Accession of Muiz-ud-din Bahram. 
 
1241 AD 
 Capture of Lahore by the Mongols. 
 
1244-1262 AD 
 Visaladeva, King of Gujarat. 
 
1246 AD 
 Deposition and death of Masud. Accession of Nasir-ud-din Mahmud. 
 
1251-1270 AD 
 Jatavarman Sundara Pandya I. 
 
1260-1291 AD 
 Rudramma, the Great Kakatyia Queen. 
 
1266 AD 
 Death of Nasir-ud-din Mahmud. Accession of Ghiyas-ud-din Balban. 
 
1279 AD 
 Latest known date of Rajendra IV Chola. Rebellion of Tughril in Bengal. 
 
1280 AD 
 Bughra Khan appointed to the Government of Bengal. 
 
1287 AD 
 Death of Balban. Accession of Muiz-ud-din Kaiqubad. Mongol invasion repelled. 
 
1288 AD 
 Marco Polo at Kayal. 
 
1290 AD 
 Death of Kaiqubad. Accession of Jalal-ud-din Firuz Khalji. 
 
1292 AD 
 Ala-ud-din Khalji captures Bhilsa. Mongol invasion. 
 
1294 AD 
 Devagiri pillaged by Ala-ud-din Khalji. 
 
1296 AD 
 Accession of Ala-ud-din Khalji. 
 
1297 AD 
 Conquest of Gujarat (from Karnadeva II). 
 
1301 AD 
 Capture of Ranthambhor by Ala-ud-din Khalji. 
 
1302-1303 AD 
 Capture of Chitor. Mongol invasion. 
 
1305 AD 
 Conquest of Malwa, Ujjain, Mandu, Dhar and Chanderi by the Khaljis. 
 
1306-1307 AD 
 Kafurs expedition to Devagiri. 
 
1308 AD 
 Expedition to Warangal. 
 
1310 AD 
 Malik Naibs expedition into the South Indian Peninsula. 
 
1316 AD 
 Death of Ala-ud-din. Accession of Shihab-ud-din Umar. Death of Malik Naib. Deposition of Umar and accession of Qutb-ud-din Mubarak. 
 
1317-1318 AD 
 Extinction of the Yadava Dynasty. 
 
1320 AD 
 Usurpation of Nasir-ud-din Khusrav. His overthrow by Ghiyas-ud-din Tughluq. 
 
1321 AD 
 Expedition to Warangal under Muhammad Jauna (Ulugh Khan). Rebellion of Muhammad. 
 
1323 AD 
 Second expedition to Warangal under Muhammad. Mongol invasion. 
 
1325 AD 
 Accession of Muhammad bin Tughluq. 
 
1326-1327 AD 
 Rebellion of Gurshasp. 
 
1327 AD 
 Destruction of Kampili. Transference of the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad. 
 
1328 AD 
 The Mongols invade India. 
 
1329 AD 
 Qarachil expedition. Issue of forced currency of brass and copper for silver. 
 
1333-1334 AD 
 Arrival of Ibn Batutah. 
 
1334 AD 
 Rebellion in Madura. Capture of Anegundi by Muhammad bin Tughluq. 
 
1336 AD 
 Traditional date of the foundation of Vijayanagar. 
 
1337-1338 AD 
 Expedition to Nagarkot. 
 
1338-1339 AD 
 Independent Sultanate in Bengal. 
 
1339 AD 
 Shah Mir, King of Kashmir. 
 
1342 AD 
 Ibn Batutah leaves Delhi on his mission to China. 
 
1345 AD 
 Accession of Shams-ud-din Iliyas in Bengal. 
 
1347 AD 
 Ala-ud-din Bahman Shah proclaimed King of the Deccan. 
 
1351 AD 
 Death of Muhammad bin Tughluq. Accession of Firuz, son of Rajab. 
 
1353 AD 
 Firuzs first expedition to Bengal. 
 
1359 AD 
 Firuzs second expedition to Bengal. 
 
1360 AD 
 Firuzs expedition to Orissa. 
 
1361 AD 
 Capture of Nagarkot or Kangra by Firuz. 
 
1363 AD 
 Firuzs first expedition to Sind. 
 
1374 AD 
 Bukka sends an embassy to the Emperor of China. 
 
1377 AD 
 Extinction of the Sultanate of Madura. 
 
1382 AD 
 Rebellion of Raja Ahmad or Malik Raja in Khandesh. 
 
1388 AD 
 Death of Firuz, son of Rajab. Accession of Ghiyas-ud-din Tughluq II. 
 
1389 AD 
 Death of Tughluq II. 
 
1392 AD 
 Dilawar Khan, Governor of Malwa. 
 
1393 AD 
 Independent Sultanate of Jaunpur. 
 
1398 AD 
 Invasion of Timur. 
 
1414 AD 
 Khizr khan occupied Delhi. Raja Ganesh in Bengal. 
 
1417-1418 AD 
 Coins of Danujamardana. 
 
1420 AD 
 Nicolo Conti visits Vijayanagar. 
 
1424 AD 
 Capture of Warangal by Ahmad Shah Bahmani. 
 
1429 AD 
 Transfer of the Bahmani capital from Gulbarga to Bidar. 
 
1430-1469 AD 
 Rana Kumbha. 
 
1434-1435 AD 
 Kapilendra, King of Orissa. 
 
1443 AD 
 Abdur Razzak comes to India. 
 
1451 AD 
 Bahlul Lodi ascends the throne of Delhi. 
 
1458-1511 AD 
 Mahmud Begarha. 
 
1459 A. D
 Foundation of Jodhpur. 
 
1469 AD 
 Birth of Guru Nanak. 
 
1470 AD 
 Death of Zain-ul-Abidin. 
 
1472 AD 
 Birth of Farid (Sher Khan). 
 
1481 AD 
 Murder of Mahmud Gawan. 
 
1484 AD 
 Independence of Berar. 
 
1486 AD 
 Abyssinian rule in Bengal. 
 
1486-1487 AD 
 Fall of the Sangama Dynasty of Vijayanagar. Beginning of the rule of the Saluva Dynasty. 
 
1489 AD 
 Accession of Sikandar Lodi. 
 
1489-1490 AD 
 Foundation of the Adil Shahi Dynasty of Bijapur. 
 
1490 AD 
 Establishment of the independent Nizam Shahi Dynasty of Ahmadnagar. 
 
1493 AD 
 Husain Shah elected King of Bengal. 
 
1494 AD 
 Accession of Babur in Farghana. 
 
1497-1498 AD 
 First voyage of Vasco da Gama. 
 
1504 AD 
 Babur occupies Kabul. 
 
1505 AD 
 Beginning of the rule of the Tuluva Dynasty in Vijayanagar. 
 
1509 AD 
 Albuquerque, Portuguese Governor of India. Accession of Krishnadeva Raya. 
 
1509-1527 AD 
 Rana Sanga. 
 
1510 AD 
 The Portuguese capture Goa. 
 
1511 AD 
 Babar captures Samarqand again. 
 
1512-1518 AD 
 Independence of the Kutb Shahi Dynasty of Golkunda. 
 
1513 AD 
 Death of Albuquerque. 
 
1517 AD 
 Death of Sikandar Lodi. Accession of Ibrahim Lodi. 
 
1526 AD 
 First battle of Panipat. 
 
1527 AD 
 Battle of Khanua. 
 
1529 AD 
 Battle of Gogra. 
 
1529-1530 AD 
 Death of Krishnadeva Raya. 
 
1530 AD 
 Death of Babur and accession of Humayun. 
 
1533 AD 
 Bahadur of Gujarat captures Chitor. 
 
1534 AD 
 Humayun marches to Malwa. 
 
1535 AD 
 Defeat of Bahadur Shah of Gujarat and his flight to Mandu. 
 
1537 AD 
 Death of Bahadur Shah of Gujarat. 
 
1538 AD 
 Sher Khan defeats Mahmud Shah of Bengal. Humayun enters Gaur. Death of Guru Nanak. 
 
1539 AD 
 Sher Khan defeats Humayun at Chaunsa and assumes sovereignty. 
 
1540 AD 
 Humayuns defeat near Kanauj. 
 
1542 AD 
 Birth of Akbar. 
 
1544 AD 
 Humayun arrives in Persia. 
 
1545 AD 
 Death of Sher ShahAccession of Islam Shah. 
 
1552 AD 
 Death of Guru Angad. 
 
1554 AD 
 Death of Islam Shah. Accession of Muhammad Adil Shah. Sikandar Sur in the Punjab. 
 
1555 AD 
 Humayun recovers the throne of Delhi. 
 
1556 AD 
 Death of Humayun and accession of Akbar. Second Battle of Panipat. 
 
1558 AD 
 Death of Ibrahim Sur. End of the Sur Dynasty. 
 
1560 AD 
 Fall of Bairam Khan. 
 
1561 AD 
 Mughul invasion of Malwa. 
 
1562 AD 
 Akbar marries a princess of Amber. End of Petticoat Government. 
 
1564 AD 
 Abolition of the Jizya. Death of Rani Durgavati and annexation of the Gond kingdom. 
 
1565 AD 
 Battle of Talikota. 
 
1568 AD 
 Kararanis conquest of Orissa. Fall of Chitor. 
 
1569 AD 
 Capture of Ranthambhor and Kalinjar. Birth of Salim. 
 
1571 AD 
 Foundation of Fathpur Sikri. 
 
1572 AD 
 Akbar annexes Gujarat. 
 
1573 AD 
 Surat surrenders to Akbar. Understanding with the Portuguese. 
 
1574 AD 
 Death of Guru Amardas. 
 
1575 AD 
 Battle of Tukaroi. 
 
1576 AD 
 Subjugation of Bengal. Death of Daud near Rajmahal. The battle of Gogunda or Haldighat. 
 
1577 AD 
 Akbars troops invade Khandesh. 
 
1579 AD 
 "Infallibility Decree" promulgated. 
 
1580 AD 
 Accession of Ibrahim Adil Shah II in Bijapur. First Jesuit mission at Agra. Rebellion in Bihar and Bengal. 
 
1581 AD 
 Akbars march against Muhammad Hakim and reconciliation with him. Death of Guru Ramdas. 
 
1582 AD 
 Divine Faith promulgated. 
 
1585 AD 
 Fitch at Agra. 
 
1586 AD 
 Annexation of Kashmir. 
 
1589 AD 
 Death of Todar Mal and Bhagwan Das. 
 
1591 AD 
 Mughul conquest of Sind. 
 
1592 AD 
 Annexation of Orissa. 
 
1595 AD 
 Siege of Ahmadnagar. Acquisition of Quandahar. Annexation of Baluchistan. Death of Faizi. 
 
1597 AD 
 Death of Rana Pratap. 
 
1600 AD 
 Charter to the London East India Company. Ahmadnagar stormed. 
 
1601 AD 
 Capture of Asirgarh. 
 
1602 AD 
 Death of Abul Fazl. Formation of the United East India Company of the Netherlands. 
 
1605 AD 
 Death of Akbar and accession of Jahangir. 
 
1606 AD 
 Rebellion of Khusrav. Qandahar invested by the Persians. Execution of the Fifth Guru, Arjan. 
 
1607 AD 
 Qandahar relieved by the Mughuls. Sher Afgan, first husband of Nur Jahan, killed. Second revolt of Khusrav. 
 
1608 AD 
 Malik Ambar takes Ahmadnagar. 
 
1609 AD 
 Hawkins arrives at Agra. The Dutch open a factory at Pulicat. 
 
1611 AD 
 Jahangir marries Nur Jahan. Hawkins leaves Agra. The English establish a factory at Masulipatam. 
 
1612 AD 
 Khurram marries Mumtaz Mahal. First English factory at Surat. The Mughul Governor of Bengal defeats the rebellious Afgans. Mughuls annex Kuch Hajo. 
 
1613 AD 
 Jahangirs firman to the English Company. 
 
1615 AD 
 Submission of Mewar to the Mughuls. Arrival of Sir Thomas Roe in India. 
 
1616 AD 
 Roe received by Jahangir. The Dutch establish a factory at Surat. 
 
1618 AD 
 Roe, after obtaining firmans for English trade, leaves the Imperial Court. 
 
1619 AD 
 Roe leaves India. 
 
1620 AD 
 Capture of the Kangra fort. Shahryar betrothed to Nur Jahans daughter (by Sher Afgan). Malik Ambar revolts in the Deccan. 
 
1622 AD 
 Death of Khusrav, Shah Abbas of Persia besieges and takes Qandahar. Shah Jahan ordered to recover Qandahar but rebels. Malik Ambar takes Bidar. 
 
1624 AD 
 Suppression of Shah Jahans rebellion. 
 
1625 AD 
 Dutch Factory at Chinsura. 
 
1626 AD 
 Death of Malik Ambar. Rebellion of Mahabat Khan. 
 
1627 AD 
 Death of Jahangir. Birth of Shivaji (or 1630 according to some). 
 
1628 AD 
 Shah Jahan proclaimed Emperor. 
 
1629 AD 
 Rebellion of Khan Jahan Lodi. 
 
1631 AD 
 Death of Mumtaz Mahal. Defeat and death of Khan Jahan Lodi. 
 
1632 AD 
 Mughul invasion of Bijapur. Sack of Hugli. Grant of the "Golden Firman" to the English Company by the Sultan of Golkunda. 
 
1633 AD 
 End of Ahmadnagar Dynasty. 
 
1634 AD 
 Firman permitting English trade in Bengal. 
 
1636 AD 
 Treaties with Bijapur and Golkunda. Shahji enters the service of Bijapur. Aurangzeb appointed Viceroy of the Deccan. 
 
1638 AD 
 Peace between the Mughuls and the Ahoms. Qandahar recovered by the Mughuls. 
 
1639 AD 
 Foundation of Fort St. George at Madras. 
 
1646 AD 
 Shivaji captures Torna. 
 
1649 AD 
 Persians recover Qandahar. 
 
1651 AD 
 English factory started at Hugli. Firman granted to the English Company by Shuja. 
 
1653 AD 
 Aurangzeb reappointed Viceroy of the Deccan. The Dutch start a factory at Chinsura. 
 
1656 AD 
 The Mughuls attack Hyderabad and Golkunda. Peace with Golkunda. Annexation of Javli by Shivaji. Death of Muhammad Adil Shah of Bijapur. Another firman granted to the English by Shuja. 
 
1657 AD 
 Shivaji raids Ahmadnagar and Junnar but is pardoned. Invasion of Bijapur by Aurangzeb. Aurangzeb captures Bidar and Kalyani. Illness of Shah Jahan. The war of succession begins. 
 
1658 AD 
 Battles of Dharmat and Samugarh. Coronation of Aurangzeb. 
 
1659 AD 
 Battles of Khajwah and Deorai. Execution of Dara. Captivity of Murad and Shah Jahan. Second coronation of Aurangzeb. Murder of Afzal Khan. 
 
1660 AD 
 Shuja chased from Bengal to Arakan. Mir Jumla appointed Governor of Bengal. 
 
1661 AD 
 Cession of Bombay to the English. Execution of Murad. Mughul capture of Cooch Bihar. 
 
1662 AD 
 Peace with Ahoms. Death of Sulaiman Shukoh. 
 
1663 AD 
 Death of Mir Jumla. Shaista Khan appointed Governor of Bengal. 
 
1664 AD 
 Shivaji sacks Surat. Colbert, the French Minister, founds an India Company. Shivaji assumes royal title. 
 
1666 AD 
 Death of Shah Jahan. Capture of Chittagong. Shivajis visit to Agra and escape. 
 
1667 AD 
 The Yusufzais rebel. 
 
1668 AD 
 New religious ordinances. Cession of Bombay to the East India Company. First French factory started at Surat. 
 
1669 AD 
 Jat rebellion under Gokla. 
 
1670 AD 
 Second sack of Surat. 
 
1671 AD 
 Rise of Chhatrasal Bundela. 
 
1672 AD 
 Satnami outbreak. Revolt of the Afridis. Shaista Khans firman to the English Company. 
 
1674 AD 
 Francois Martin founds Pondicherry. Shivaji assumes the title of Chhatrapati. 
 
1675 AD 
 Execution of Teg Bahadur, Guru of the Sikhs. 
 
1677 AD 
 Shivajis conquests in the Carnatic. 
 
1678 AD 
 Marwar occupied by the Mughuls. Death of Jaswant Singh. 
 
1679 AD 
 Reimposition of the Jizya. Mughul attack on Marwar. 
 
1680 AD 
 Death of Shivaji. Rebellion of Prince Akbar. Aurangzebs firman to the English Company. 
 
1681 AD 
 Loss of Kamarupa by the Mughuls. Aurangzeb goes to the Deccan. 
 
1686 AD 
 English war with the Mughuls. Fall of Bijapur. 
 
1687 AD 
 Fall of Golkunda. 
 
1689 AD 
 Execution of Sambhaji. Rajaram succeeds but retries to Jinji. 
 
1690 AD 
 Peace between the Mughuls and the English. Calcutta founded. 
 
1691 AD 
 Defeat of the Jats. Aurangzeb at the zenith of his power. Grant of a firman by Ibrahim Khan to the English. 
 
1692 AD 
 Renewed Maratha activity in the Deccan. 
 
1698 AD 
 The new English Company Trading to the East Indies. The English obtain zamindari of Sutanati, Calcutta and Govindapur. 
 
1699 AD 
 First Maratha raid on Malwa. 
 
1700 AD 
 Death of Rajaram and regency of his widow Tara Bai. 
 
1702 AD 
 Amalgamation of the English and the London East India Companies. 
 
1703 AD 
 The Marathas enter Berar. 
 
1706 AD 
 The Marathas raid Gujarat and sack Baroda. 
 
1707 AD 
 Death of Aurangzeb. Battle of Jajau. Accession of Bahadur Shah. 
 
1708 AD 
 Shahu, King of the Marathas. Death of Guru Govind Singh. 
 
1712 AD 
 Death of Bahadur Shah. Accession of Jahandar Shah. 
 
1713 AD 
 Farrukhsiyar becomes Emperor. Jahandar Shah murdered. 
 
1714 AD 
 Balaji Viswanath Peshwa. Husain Ali appointed Viceroy of the Deccan. The treaty of the Marathas with Husain Ali. 
 
1716 AD 
 Execution of Banda, the Sikh leader. The Surman Embassy. 
 
1717 AD 
 Farrukhsiyars firman to the English company. Reimposition of Jizya. 
 
1719 AD 
 Husain Ali returns to Delhi with the Marathas. Farrukhsiyar put to death. Death of Rafi-ud-Darajat. Accession of Muhammad Shah. 
 
1720 AD 
 Accession of Baji Rao Peshwa. Fall of the Sayyid brothers. 
 
1724 AD 
 Saadat Khan appointed Governor of Oudh. Nizam virtually independent in the Deccan. Qamar-ud din becomes wazir. 
 
1725-1739 AD 
 Shuja-ud-din, Governor of Bengal. 
 
1735 AD 
 Baji Rao recognized by the Imperial Government as ruler of Malwa. 
 
1739 AD 
 Nadir Shah takes Delhi. Death of Shuja-ud-din and accession of Sarfaraz in Bengal. The Marathas capture Salsette and Bassein. 
 
1740 AD 
 Alivardi Khan becomes Governor of Bengal. Accession of Balaji Rao Peshwa. The Marathas invade Arcot. Dost Ali killed. 
 
1742 AD 
 Maratha invasion of Bengal. Dupleix Governor of Pondicherry. Murder of Safdar Ali, Nawab of the Carnatic. 
 
1744-1748 AD 
 First Anglo-French War. 
 
1745 AD 
 Rise of the Rohillas. 
 
1746 AD 
 La Bourdonnais takes Madras. 
 
1747 AD 
 Invasion of Ahmad Shah Abdali. 
 
1748 AD 
 Death of Nizam-ul-mulk. Death of Muhammad Shah of Delhi and accession of Ahmad Shah. 
 
1749 AD 
 Death of Shahu. Madras restored to the British. 
 
1750 AD 
 Defeat and death of Nasir Jang. 
 
1750-1754 AD 
 War of the Deccan and Carnatic succession. 
 
1751 AD 
 Clives defence of Arcot. Death of Muzaffar Jang and accession of Salabat Jang. Treaty of Alivardi with the Marathas. 
 
1754 AD 
 Recall of Dupleix. Godeheus treaty with the English. Accession of Alamgir II. 
 
1756 AD 
 Death of Alivardi Khan. Accession of Siraj-ud-daulah. Siraj-ud-daulah captures Calcutta. 
 
1756-1763 AD 
 Seven Years War. 
 
1757 AD 
 Sack of Delhi and Mathura by Ahmad Shah Abdali. The English capture Chandernagore. Battle of Plassey. Mir Jafar made Nawab of Bengal. 
 
1758 AD 
 Lally in India. The Marathas in PunjaBCapture of Masulipatnam by Forde. 
 
1759 AD 
 Forde defeats the Dutch at Bedara. Ali Gauhar invades Bihar. Murder of Alamgir II by Ghazi-ud-din. 
 
1760 AD 
 Battle of Wandiwash. Battle of Udgir. Mir Qasim, Nawab of Bengal. Vansittart, Companys Governor in Bengal. 
 
1761 AD 
 Third battle of Panipat. Fall of Pondicherry. Shah Alam II becomes Emperor. Shuja-ud-daulah becomes wazir. Accession of Madhava Rao Peshwa. Rise of Hyder Ali. 
 
1763 AD 
 Expulsion of Mir Kasim. 
 
1764 AD 
 Battle of Buxar. 
 
1765 AD 
 Death of Mir Jafar. Grant of the Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa to the British. Treaty of Allahabad. Clive, Companys Governor in Bengal. 
 
1766 AD 
 Grant of the Northern Sarkars to the English. 
 
1767 AD 
 Departure of Clive. Verelst, Companys Governor in Bengal. 
 
1767-1769 AD 
 The First Mysore War. 
 
1770 AD 
 The Great Bengal Famine. 
 
1772 AD 
 Warren Hastings appointed as Governor. Death of Madhava Rao Peshwa. 
 
1773 AD 
 The Regulating Act. 
 
1774 AD 
 The Rohilla (Ruhela) War. Warren Hastings becomes Governor-General. Establishment of Supreme Court, Calcutta. 
 
1775 AD 
 Trial and execution of Nanda Kumar. 
 
1775-1782 AD 
 The First Anglo-Maratha War. 
 
1776 AD 
 The Treaty of Purandhar. 
 
1779 AD 
 Convention of Wadgaon. 
 
1780 AD 
 Pophams capture of Gwalior. 
 
1780-1784 AD 
 Second Mysore War. 
 
1781 AD 
 Deposition of Chait Singh. Act passed to amend the Regulating Act. 
 
1782 AD 
 Affair of the Begams of Oudh. The Treaty of Salbai. Death of Hyder Ali. 
 
1783 AD 
 Death of Coote. Foxs India Bills. 
 
1784 AD 
 Treaty of Mangalore. Pitts India Act. 
 
1785 AD 
 Resignation of Warren Hastings. 
 
1786 AD 
 Lord Cornwallis becomes Governor-General. 
 
1790-1792 AD 
 Third Mysore War. 
 
1792 AD 
 Treaty of Seringapatam. Ranjit Singh succeeds his father as leader of a Sikh Misl. 
 
1793 AD 
 The Permanent Settlement of Bengal. Renewal of the Companys Charter. 
 
1794 AD 
 Death of Mahadaji Sindhia. 
 
1795 AD 
 The Battle of Kharda. Death of Ahalya Bai. 
 
1797 AD 
 Zaman Shah at Lahore. Death of Asaf-ud-daulah of Oudh. 
 
1798 AD 
 Wazir Ali deposed and succeeded by Saadat Ali. Lord Mornington (Wellesley) becomes Governor-General. Subsidiary Treaty with the Nizam. 
 
1799 AD 
 Fourth Mysore War. Death of Tipu. Partition of Mysore. Ranjit Singhs appointment to the Governorship of Lahore. Malcolms mission to Persia. William Carey opens Baptist Mission at Serampore. 
 
1800 AD 
 Death of Nana Fadnavis. Establishment of the College of Fort William. 
 
1801 AD 
 Annexation of the Carnatic. 
 
1802 AD 
 Treaty of Bassein. 
 
1803-1805 AD 
 The Second Anglo-Maratha War. 
 
1805 AD 
 Siege of Bharatpur fails. Recall of Wellesley. 
 
1806 AD 
 Vellore Mutiny. 
 
1808 AD 
 Mission of Malcolm to Persia and of Elphinstone to Kabul. 
 
1809 AD 
 Treaty of Amritsar. 
 
1813 AD 
 Renewal of the Companys Charter. 
 
1814-1816 AD 
 The Anglo-Gurkha War. 
 
1817-1818 AD 
 The Pindari War. 
 
1817-1819 AD 
 The Last Anglo-Maratha war. 
 
1819 AD 
 Elphinstone, Governor of Bombay. 
 
1820 AD 
 Munro, Governor of Madras. The Samachar Darpan started. 
 
1824-1826 AD 
 The First Burmese War. 
 
1826 AD 
 Fall of Bharatpur. 
 
1827 AD 
 Death of Sir Thomas Munro. Malcolm, Governor of Bombay. 
 
1828 AD 
 Lord William Bentinck becomes Governor-General. 
 
1829 AD 
 Prohibition of Sati. 
 
1829-1837 AD 
 Suppression of Thuggee. 
 
1830 AD 
 Rammohan Roy visits England. 
 
1831 AD 
 Raja of Mysore deposed and its administration taken over by the Company. Burnes journey up the Indus. Meeting of Ranjit and the Governor-General at Rupar. 
 
1832 AD 
 Annexation of Jaintia. 
 
1833 AD 
 Renewal of the Companys Charter. Abolition of the Companys trading rights. Legislative power centralized. 
 
1834 AD 
 Annexation of Coorg. Macaulay Law Member. Formation of the Agra Province. 
 
1835 AD 
 Education Resolution. Metcalfe and abolition of Press restrictions. 
 
1838 AD 
 Tripartite Treaty between Shah Shuja, Ranjit Singh and the English. 
 
1839 AD 
 Death of Ranjit Singh. New treaty forced on the Amirs of Sind. 
 
1839-1842 AD 
 The First Afghan War. 
 
1843 AD 
 Conquest of Sind. Gwalior War. Suppression of slavery. 
 
1845-1846 AD 
 The First Anglo-Sikh War. 
 
1848 AD 
 Lord Dalhousie becomes Governor-General. 
 
1848-1849 AD 
 The Second Anglo-Sikh War. 
 
1849 AD 
 Opening of a Hindu girls school in Calcutta by Drinkwater Bethune. 
 
1852 AD 
 The Second Anglo-Burmese War. 
 
1853 AD 
 Railway opened from Bombay to Thana. Telegraph line from Calcutta to Agra. Annexation of Nagpur. Cession of Berar. Renewal of the Companys charter. 
 
1854 AD 
 Sir Charles Woods Education Despatch. 
 
1855 AD 
 The Santal insurrection. 
 
1856 AD 
 Annexation of Oudh. University Act. 
 
1857-1858 AD 
 The Sepoy Mutiny. 
 
1858 AD 
 British India placed under the direct government of the Crown. Queen Victorias Proclamation. 
 
1859 AD 
 Indigo disputes in Bengal. 
 
1861 AD 
 Indian Councils Act. The Indian High Courts Act. Introduction of the Penal Code. 
 
1862 AD 
 Amalgamation of the Supreme and Sadar courts into High Courts. 
 
1863 AD 
 Death of Dost Muhammad. Ambala Campaign. 
 
1864 AD 
 Bhutan War. 
 
1865 AD 
 The Orissa Famine. Opening of telegraphic communication with Europe. 
 
1868 AD 
 Punjab Tenancy Act. Railway opened from Ambala to DelhiSher Ali, Amir of Afghanistan, receives an annual grant of six lacs of rupees. 
 
1869 AD 
 Ambala Conference with Sher Ali. Yakubs rebellion in Afghanistan. 
 
1870 AD 
 Mayos Provincial Settlement. 
 
1872 AD 
 Seistan Boundary Report. 
 
1873 AD 
 Russians reduce Khiva. The Simla Conference. 
 
1874 AD 
 The Bihar Famine. Disraeli becomes Prime Minister in England. 
 
1875 AD 
 Gaikwar of Barodas case. Visit of the Prince of Wales. 
 
1876 AD 
 The Royal Titles Act. 
 
1876-1877 AD 
 Delhi Durbar. The Queen of England proclaimed Empress of India. 
 
1878 AD 
 Outbreak of the Second Anglo-Afghan War. Vernacular Press Act. 
 
1880 AD 
 Abdur Rahman recognized as Amir of Afghanistan. Famine Commission. 
 
1881 AD 
 Factory Act. Rendition of Mysore. 
 
1882 AD 
 Hunter Commission. 
 
1883 AD 
 The Ilbert Bill. 
 
1885 AD 
 First Meeting of the Indian National Congress. Bengal Tenancy Act. Bengal Local Self-Government Act. Third Anglo-Burmese War. 
 
1886 AD 
 Annexation of Upper Burma. Delimitation of Afghan northern boundary. 
 
1889 AD 
 Abdication of Maharaja of Kashmir. Second visit of Prince of Wales. 
 
1891 AD 
 Factory Act. Age of Consent Act. Manipur Rebellion. 
 
1892 AD 
 Indian Councils Act. 
 
1893 AD 
 Durands mission to Kabul. 
 
1895 AD 
 The Chitral Expedition. 
 
1897 AD 
 Frontier risings. Plague at Bombay. Famine Commission. 
 
1899 AD 
 Lord Curzon becomes Governor-General. 
 
1900 AD 
 Famine Commission. 
 
1904 AD 
 British Expedition to Tibet. Universities Act. Co-operative Societies Act. 
 
1905 AD 
 The First Partition of Bengal. Lord Minto becomes Governor-General. Morley Secretary of State for India. 
 
1906 AD 
 Foundation of the Muslim League. Congress declaration regarding Swaraj. 
 
1907 AD 
 The Anglo-Russian Convention. 
 
1908 AD 
 The Newspapers Act. 
 
1909 AD 
 The Morley-Minto Reforms. Appointment of S. P. Sinha to the Governor-Generals Council. 
 
1910 AD 
 Lord Crewe Secretary of State for India. 
 
1911 AD 
 The Delhi Durbar. Partition of Bengal modified. Census of India. 
 
1912 AD 
 Removal of the Imperial capital to Delhi. 
 
1913 AD 
 Educational Resolution of the Government of India. 
 
1914-1918 AD 
 The First World War. 
 
1915 AD 
 Defence of India Act. 
 
1916 AD 
 Sadler Commission. The Lucknow Pact of the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League. The Home Rule League founded. Foundation of the Womens University at Poona. 
 
1917 AD 
 Mr. Montagus declaration in the House of Commons. His visit to India. 
 
1917-1918 AD 
 Indians made eligible for the Kings Commission. The Indian National Liberal Federation. Report of the Industrial Commission. 
 
1919 AD 
 The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms. Punjab Disturbances. Royal Proclamation. 
 
1920 AD 
 The Khilafat Movement. The Non-Co-operation Movement. Lord Sinha, Governor of Bihar and Orissa. Mahatma Gandhi leads the Congress. 
 
1921 AD 
 Chamber of Princes. Moplah Rebellion. The Prince of Wales visits India. Census of India. 
 
1922 AD 
 Resignation of Mr. Montagu. 
 
1923 AD 
 Swarajists in Indian Councils. Certification of Salt tax. Question of Indianizing the command of certain regiments-the eight unit plan. 
 
1925 AD 
 All-India Depressed Class Association. Reforms Enquiry Committee Report. Death of C. R. Das. Formation of Inter-University Board. 
 
1926 AD 
 Report of the Skeen Committee. Lord Readings letter to the Nizam. Royal Commission on Agriculture. Factories Act. 
 
1927 AD 
 Indian Navy Act. Appointment of the Simon Commission. Capetown Agreement. 
 
1928 AD 
 Deposition of Amanullah, King of Afghanistan. All-Parties Conference. The Nehru Report. Report of the Royal Commission on Agriculture. 
 
1928-1933 AD 
 Nadir Shah, King of Afghanistan. 
 
1929 AD 
 Lord Irwins Announcement of 31st October. Trade Union Split. Establishment of the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research. Lahore Congress. Appointment of the Royal Commission on Indian Labour. 
 
1930 AD 
 Civil Disobedience Movement. Report of the Statutory Commission. Rebellion in Burma. Round Table Conference (First Session). 
 
1931 AD 
 Irwin-Gandhi Pact. Census of India. Round Table Conference (Second Session). Publication of the Royal Labour Commissions Report. 
 
1932 AD 
 Suppression of the Congress. Round Table Conference (Third Session). The Communal Award. The Poona Pact. The Indian Military Academy, Dehra Dun. 
 
1933 AD 
 Publication of the White Paper. 
 
1934 AD 
 Civil Disobedience Movement called off. The Indian Factories Act, 1934. The Bihar Earthquake. Joint Committee on Indian Constitutional Reform. 
 
1935 AD 
 New Government of India Act. 
 
1936 AD 
 Death of King-Emperor George V (21st January). Accession and abdication of Edward VIII. Accession of George VI. 
 
1937 AD 
 1st April-Inauguration of Provincial Autonomy. Congress Ministries in the majority of Provinces. 
 
1939 AD 
 Second World War begins (3rd September). Resignation of Congress Ministries and the beginning of political deadlock in India. 
 
1941 AD 
 Japan enters the war (7th December). Pearl Harbour incident. 
 
1942 AD 
 Fall of Singapore (15th February). Evacuation of Rangoon (7th March). Cripps Mission (22nd March-12th April). Evacuation of Burma (29th April). August Revolution and arrest of Indian Leaders. 
 
1943 AD 
 Lord Wavell Governor-General. Lord Mountbatten Supreme Commander of SouthEast Asia. 
 
1944 AD 
 Gandhi-Jinnah talks opened in Bombay on Sri Rajagopalacharis proposals for solution of constitutional deadlock (9th September). Talks break down on Pakistan issue (27th September). 
 
1945 AD 
 Lord Wavells broadcast announcing British Governments determination to go ahead with the task of fitting India for self-government (19th September). First trial of Indian National Army men opened (5th November). 
 
1946 AD 
 Mutiny in Royal Indian Navy (18th February). Announcement of special mission of Cabinet Ministers to India (19th February). Cabinet Missions plan announced (16th May). British Cabinets plan for Interim Government announced (16th June). Muslim League decides to participate in the Interim Government; Congress announces acceptance of the long-term part of 16th May plan, but refuses invitation to participate in Interim Government (25th June). Muslim League withdraws its acceptance and decides on a policy of direct action (29th July). This leads to outbreak of mob violence in Calcutta (16th August). Interim Government formed (2nd September). Muslim League members sworn in (26th October). Constituent Assemblys first meeting (9th December). 
 
1947 AD 
 British Governments historic announcement of transfer of power to "responsible Indian hands" not later than June, 1948. Lord Mountbattens appointment as viceroy of India in succession to Lord Wavell (20th February). Announcement of Lord Mountbattens plan for Partition of India (3rd June). Indian Independence Act (15th August). 
 
