Sinclair ZX Spectrum Character Set

Decimal Code	Hexadecimal Code	Character
0	00	not used
1	01	not used
2	02	not used
3	03	not used
4	04	not used
5	05	not used
6	06	print COMMA Moves the current print position on to column 16 of the current line, or column 0 of the next line, whichever comes first
7	07	EDIT
8	08	cursor left     Acts as backspace
9	09	cursor right
10	0A	cursor down
11	0B	cursor up
12	0C	DELETE
13	0D	ENTER      I.e. CR/LF
14	0E	number In Spectrum BASIC program listings, the character form of numerical constants (e.g. 3.142) is followed, invisibly, by character 14 then the five-byte floating point binary equivalent of the number.
15	0F	not used
16	10	INK control
17	11	PAPER control
18	12	FLASH control
19	13	BRIGHT control
20	14	INVERSE control
21	15	OVER control
22	16	AT control
23	17	TAB control
Normally to temporarily change the colour that text was printed in you would use a statement of the form: PRINT INK 3;"Hello" which prints the word Hello in magenta. However it is also possible to embed control codes within text strings so that for example LET a$=CHR$(16)+CHR$(3)+"Hello":PRINT a$ would also print Hello in magenta. It is even possible to embed the control codes within program listings so that different parts of the program list in different colours. In this case the control codes are not visible in the listing and of course have no effect on paper printouts. Similarly the codes for PAPER, FLASH, BRIGHT, INVERSE and OVER, followed by a single byte parameter, can be embedded. The AT and TAB control characters can also be embedded but are followed by two bytes as parameters. For AT these are the line and column number to move the print position to, and for TAB they represent a number from 0-65535 which is then reduced to modulo 32 to obtain the column number to move to. (So it seems pointless using two bytes.)
24	18	not used
25	19	not used
26	1A	not used
27	1B	not used
28	1C	not used
29	1D	not used
30	1E	not used
31	1F	not used
32	20	(Space)
33	21	!
34	22	"
35	23	#
36	24	$
37	25	%
38	26	&
39	27	'
40	28	(
41	29	)
42	2A	*
43	2B	+
44	2C	,
45	2D	-
46	2E	.
47	2F	/
48	30	0
49	31	1
50	32	2
51	33	3
52	34	4
53	35	5
54	36	6
55	37	7
56	38	8
57	39	9
58	3A	:
59	3B	;
60	3C	<
61	3D	=
62	3E	>
63	3F	?
64	40	@
65	41	A
66	42	B
67	43	C
68	44	D
69	45	E
70	46	F
71	47	G
72	48	H
73	49	I
74	4A	J
75	4B	K
76	4C	L
77	4D	M
78	4E	N
79	4F	O
80	50	P
81	51	Q
82	52	R
83	53	S
84	54	T
85	55	U
86	56	V
87	57	W
88	58	X
89	59	Y
90	5A	Z
91	5B	[
92	5C	\
93	5D	]
94	5E	^      In the form with a vertical bar
95	5F	_
96	60	£      ASCII has `
97	61	a
98	62	b
99	63	c
100	64	d
101	65	e
102	66	f
103	67	g
104	68	h
105	69	i
106	6A	j
107	6B	k
108	6C	l
109	6D	m
110	6E	n
111	6F	o
112	70	p
113	71	q
114	72	r
115	73	s
116	74	t
117	75	u
118	76	v
119	77	w
120	78	x
121	79	y
122	7A	z
123	7B	{
124	7C	|
125	7D	}
126	7E	~
127	7F	©      ASCII has DEL
128	80	block graphic
129	81	block graphic
130	82	block graphic
131	83	block graphic
132	84	block graphic
133	85	block graphic
134	86	block graphic
135	87	block graphic
136	88	block graphic
137	89	block graphic
138	8A	block graphic
139	8B	block graphic
140	8C	block graphic
141	8D	block graphic
142	8E	block graphic
143	8F	block graphic
The Spectrum has 16 'block graphic' characters which consist of a character square divided into four smaller squares, with every combination of none, one, two, three or four of the small squares 'filled-in', as shown below:
144	90	udg A
145	91	udg B
146	92	udg C
147	93	udg D
148	94	udg E
149	95	udg F
150	96	udg G
151	97	udg H
152	98	udg I
153	99	udg J
154	9A	udg K
155	9B	udg L
156	9C	udg M
157	9D	udg N
158	9E	udg O
159	9F	udg P
160	A0	udg Q
161	A1	udg R
162	A2	udg S
163	A3	udg T
164	A4	udg U
'udg' stands for User Defined Graphic. There were 21 characters whose bit patterns, on an 8x8 grid, could be defined by the programmer. Typically they were used for special symbols like greek letters or for missiles in games. Before they were redefined they appeared as the capital letters A-U.
165	A5	RND
166	A6	INKEY$
167	A7	PI
168	A8	FN
169	A9	POINT
170	AA	SCREEN$
171	AB	ATTR
172	AC	AT
173	AD	TAB
174	AE	VAL$
175	AF	CODE
176	B0	VAL
177	B1	LEN
178	B2	SIN
179	B3	COS
180	B4	TAN
181	B5	ASN
182	B6	ACS
183	B7	ATN
184	B8	LN
185	B9	EXP
186	BA	INT
187	BB	SQR
188	BC	SGN
189	BD	ABS
190	BE	PEEK
191	BF	IN
192	C0	USR
193	C1	STR$
194	C2	CHR$
195	C3	NOT
196	C4	BIN
197	C5	OR
198	C6	AND
199	C7	<=
200	C8	>=
201	C9	<>
202	CA	LINE
203	CB	THEN
204	CC	TO
205	CD	STEP
206	CE	DEF FN
207	CF	CAT
208	D0	FORMAT
209	D1	MOVE
210	D2	ERASE
211	D3	OPEN #
212	D4	CLOSE #
213	D5	MERGE
214	D6	VERIFY
215	D7	BEEP
216	D8	CIRCLE
217	D9	INK
218	DA	PAPER
219	DB	FLASH
220	DC	BRIGHT
221	DD	INVERSE
222	DE	OVER
223	DF	OUT
224	E0	LPRINT
225	E1	LLIST
226	E2	STOP
227	E3	READ
228	E4	DATA
229	E5	RESTORE
230	E6	NEW
231	E7	BORDER
232	E8	CONTINUE
233	E9	DIM
234	EA	REM
235	EB	FOR
236	EC	GO TO
237	ED	GO SUB
238	EE	INPUT
239	EF	LOAD
240	F0	LIST
241	F1	LET
242	F2	PAUSE
243	F3	NEXT
244	F4	POKE
245	F5	PRINT
246	F6	PLOT
247	F7	RUN
248	F8	SAVE
249	F9	RANDOMIZE
250	FA	IF
251	FB	CLS
252	FC	DRAW
253	FD	CLEAR
254	FE	RETURN
255	FF	COPY
Character codes from 165 to 255 are the BASIC keywords. They are stored within the program as a single byte but in listings they are expanded to full words, including a space before and after as necessary to improve readability. The idea of storing BASIC's words as a single byte was carried through from the Sinclair ZX80 which had a very small memory. 'PRINT ' would normally take up six bytes whereas character 245 is only one byte.

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