Jordan

1958

 

.....In the summer of 1958 16th Independent Parachute Brigade, commanded by Brigadier Tom Pearson, was deployed once again at short notice to Cyprus, in readiness for possible operations in the Middle East after the outbreak of civil war in the Lebanon. The situation appeared to deteriote further on 14 July, when King Faisal II of Iraq, together with most of his family and his Prime Minister, was murdered during a coup d'etat staged by Iraqi army officers led by General Abd al-Karim Qasim. The new military junta in Iraq allied
itself with President Gamal Abd al-Nasser of Egypt in an anti-Western alliance, and at the same time announced their support for factions in Jordan which were calling for the overthrow of the government of King Hussein. The situation began to worsen rapidly, and on 16 July King Hussein asked Britain for military assistance.

.....The advance elements of 16th Independent Parachute Brigade Group, led by Brigadier Pearson and consisting of headquarters and signals personnel, arrived in Jordan on the following day, July 17. Such was the speed of their move that they arrived before the Jordanian authorities had been appraised of it. Over the next two days the brigade, less 1 PARA, which remained in Cyprus, arrived and was complete by 20 July. Accompanying it was No 208 Squadron RAF, a ground-attack unit equipped with Hawker Hunters. It was also supported by the United States Air Force, whose Globemaster aircraft carried out a major airlift of men and equipment.

.....Based at the airfield at Amman, the brigade was given three tasks, namely:

..........the security of Amman airfield, this being the responsibility of 2 PARA;

..........the protection of King Hussein and members of his government; and

..........the safeguarding of British residents in Jordan.

The latter two tasks were carried out by a mobile force formed by 3 PARA and No 1 (Guards) Independent Parachute Company. On 7 August reinforcements arrived in the form of 1 CAMERONIANS who arrived at Aqaba aboard HMS Bulwark, a commando carrier. Subsequently, the brigade was further strengthened by the arrival of 17th Field Battery RA, which arrived two weeks later.

.....During the next few weeks the political situation improved and the threat to King Hussein subsided. This enabled units to carry out training and the brigade to provide assistance to Jordanian hospitals and to the 500,000 refugees living in the country. King Hussein himself paid a formal visit to the brigade, being welcomed on his arrival by a guard of honour from 3 PARA. At the end of September it was announced that British forces would withdraw from Jordan, and the first elements departed on 20 October. 16th Independent Parachute Brigade Group departed by air between 25 and 29 October, returning to Cyprus. Subsequently iy flew back to England, leaving behind in Cyprus 1 PARA, which followed it in March 1959.

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