From Education of a Princess a Memoir by Marie, Grand Duchess of Russia, 1931

Moscow was torn with turmoil and uncertainty, but within the walls of the Kremlin, our life was peaceful. My aunt and uncle rarely went out, and at home received only their closest friends.

During the second fortnight in February [1915?], however, we all went to the Moscow Opera House to attend a war benefit. The big, old-fashioned closed carriage, cushioned inside in white silk, carried us to the theatre. It was not until some days later that we learned how close we were to death.

A band of terrorists who followed all my uncle's movements had been warned of our going out and knew the route we would take. One of the group, armed with bombs, was posted to destroy us, at a signal from an accomplice. But when this man saw that Dmitri and I were in the carriage he had not the courage to wave his handkerchief, the signal agreed upon.

It was all a matter of a second ; the carriage passed ; we were saved. Many years later I learned the name of the man who spared our lives. It was Boris Savinkov, who played a prominent part in the revolution of 1917.

The performance that evening was magnificent ; one of the artists was Chaliapin, already at the height of his glory. The hall glittered with jewels and uniforms, and there was no thought of any such catastrophe as the one that we had just escaped.

Education of a princess; a memoir by Marie, grand duchess of Russia;
translated from the French and Russian under the editorial supervision of Russell Lord.
New York : The Viking Press, 1931, page 66.

From Boris Savinkov by Winston S. Churchill

�M. le Minister,� he said to me, �I know them well, Lenin and Trotsky. For years we worked hand in hand for the liberation of Russia. Now they have enslaved her worse than ever.�

Between Savinkov�s first forlorn war against the Czar and his second against Lenin there was a brief but remarkable interlude. The outbreak of the Great War struck Savinkov and his fellow revolutionary, Bourtzev, in exactly the same way. They saw in the cause of the Allies a movement towards freedom and democracy. Savinkov�s heart beat in sympathy with the liberal nations of the West, and his ardent Russian patriotism, put to the test, sundered him from the cold Semitic internationalists with whom he had been so long associated. Even under the Czar, Bourtzev was invited back to Russia, and threw himself into the task of national defense. Savinkov returned with the Revolution. In June, 1917, he was appointed by Kerensky, then Minister for War, to the post of Political Commissar of the 7th Army on the Galician front. The troops were in mutiny. The death penalty had been abolished. German and Austrian agents had spread the poison of Bolshevism through the whole Command. Several regiments had murdered their officers. Discipline and organization were gone. Equipment and munitions had long been lacking. Meanwhile the enemy battered ceaselessly on the crumbling front.

Here was the opportunity for his qualities. No sincere revolutionary could impugn his blood-dyed credentials of Nihilism. No loyal officer could doubt his passion for victory. And when it came to political philosophy and the interminable arguments with which the Russians beguiled the road to ruin, there lived no more accomplished student or devastating critic of Karl Marx than the newly-appointed Commissar. Alone, though not unarmed, he visited regiments who had just killed their officers, and brought them back to their duty. On one occasion he is reported to have shot with his own hand the delegates from a Bolshevik Soldiers� Council who were seducing a hitherto loyal unit. Meanwhile his organizing gifts amid a thousand difficulties repaired the administrative structure. In a month he had put a new heart into the discouraged Army Commander and his staff, and had so far redisciplined the Army as to enable it to take the offensive and win a notable action at Brzezany early in July.

Kerensky, becoming aware of Savinkov�s good work, having himself seen evidence of it on a visit to the 7th Army front, appointed him forthwith chief Commissar for the Army Group of the South Western front, then commanded by General Gutor. Savinkov had no sooner reached the scene than the front was broken by the Germans at Tarnopol (July 16-19, 1917). The military disaster was followed by wholesale desertions to the enemy, mutinies, massacres of officers and widespread revolt among the civil population. At the instance of Savinkov, Gutor was replaced on the 20th July by General Kornilov. We now approach one of the great mischances of Russian history. In Kornilov Savinkov believed that he had found the man who was to be the complement to his own character, a simple, obstinate soldier, popular among officers and men, with rigid views upon discipline, with no class prejudices, a sincere love of Russia and a knowledge of how to carry through schemes propounded by others. Together with Kornilov, who in all Army matters shared his views, Savinkov demanded the reimposition of the death penalty for cowardice, desertion or espionage, both behind the line and among the fighting troops. Kerensky thus had at his disposal at this most fateful moment in Russian destinies both the political and the military man of action whom the crisis demanded ; and both these men were heart and soul together. Here already at the summit of power was the triumvirate that could even at the eleventh hour have saved Russia from the awful fate which impended, which could have gained at a stroke both Russian victory and Russian freedom. Those who united could have retrieved all were in the event destroyed separately.

*   *   *   *   *   *   *

Space does not allow me to unravel the melancholy tangle of ill luck and cunning devices by which Kornilov was separated from Kerensky, and Savinkov rendered powerless to prevent the breach. For a time all marched in the right direction. Kornilov became Commander-in Chief of all the Russian armies, and Savinkov Deputy Minister of War. Here with one hand upon the vain, doctrinaire, but none the less forceful and well-meaning head of the Government, and the other on the loyal bull-dog soldier, Savinkov seemed to be the appointed agent of Russian salvation. A little more time, a little more help, a little more confidence, a few more honest men, the blessing of Providence and a rather better telephone service—;all would have been well ! But the tides of chaos mounted swiftly, the German artillery thundered on the front, and the Bolshevik infection spread behind the lines. Profound and adroit intrigues divided the doubting Kerensky from the headstrong Kornilov. On September 9 the General claimed by a coup d�é�tat dictatorial powers and was arrested at Kerensky�s orders. Savinkov, although exonerated after an inquiry of all complicity in the attempt and placed in full command of Petrograd during the crisis, became the target of the extremist element and was driven to resign. Loyal to Kerensky, loyal to Kornilov, loyal above all to Russia, he lost the control of affairs at the very moment when his was the only hand that could have averted the impending ruin.

The Bolshevik revolution of October followed. Kerensky and his supine Government vanished from the scene. Savinkov, eluding his foes, joined General Alexiev on the Don and drew the sword against the new tyranny. This desperate and ultimately van struggle occupied the rest of his life. . . .

Great Contemporaries by The Rt. Hon. Winston S. Churchill
New York : Putnam's Sons, 1937, pages 105 - 108.

From The Sword and the Shield, Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin, 1999

Operations against the White Guards resembled those against Ukrainian nationalists. In 1922 the Berlin residency recruited the former Tsarist General Zelenin as a penetration agent within the émigré community. A later OGPU report claimed, possibly with some exaggeration, that Zelenin had engineered �a huge schism within the ranks of the Whites� and had caused a large number of officers to break away from Baron Peter Wrangel, the last of the White generals to be defeated in the civil war. Other OGPU moles praised for their work in disrupting the White Guards included General Zaitsev, former chief of staff to the Cossack Ataman A. I. Dutov, and the ex-Tsarist General Yakhontov, who emigrated to the United States.⁵¹

The OGPU�s greatest successes against the White Guards, however, were two elaborate deception operations, codename SINDIKAT (�Syndicate�) and TREST (�Trust�), both of which made imaginative use of agents provocateurs.⁵² SINDIKAT was targeted against the man believed to be the most dangerous of all the White Guards: Boris Savinkov, a former Socialist Revolutionary terrorist who had served as deputy minister of war in the provisional government overthrown in the Bolshevik Revolution. Winston Churchill, among others, was captivated by his anti-Bolshevik fervor. �When all is said and done,� Churchill wrote later, �and with all the stains and tarnishes there be, few men tried more, gave more, dared more and suffered more for the Russian people.� During the Russo-Polish war of 1920, Savinkov was largely responsible for recruiting the Russian People�s Army which fought under Polish command against the Red Army. Early in 1921 he founded a new organization in Warsaw dedicated to the overthrow of the Bolshevik regime: the People�s Union for Defence of Country and Freedom (NSZRiS), which ran an agent network inside Soviet Russia to Collect intelligence on the Bolsheviks and plan uprisings against the regime.

The first stage of the operation against Savinkov, SINDIKAT-1, successfully neutralized the NSZRiS agent network with the help of a Cheka mole within his organization. Forty-four leading members of the NSZRiS were paraded at a show trial in Moscow in August 1921.⁵³ SINDIKAT-2was aimed at luring Savinkov back to Russia to star in a further show trial and complete the demoralization of his émigré supporters. Classified KGB histories give the main credit for the operation to the head of the OGPU counter-intelligence department, Artur Khristyanovich Artuzov (later head of INO), the Russian son of an immigrant Swiss-Italian chessmaker, assisted by Andrei Pavlovich Fyodorov and Grigori Sergeyevich Syroyezhkin.⁵⁴ Though SINDIKAT-2 made skillful use of agents provocateurs, however, KGB records fail to acknowledge how much they were assisted by Savinkov�s own increasing tendency to fantasize. During a visit to London late in 1921 he claimed improbably that the head of the Russian trade delegation had suggested that he join the Soviet government. Savinkov also alleged* that Lloyd George and his family welcomed him at Chequers by singing �God Save the Tsar� ; in reality, the song was a hymn sung in Welsh by a Welsh choir at a pre-Christmas celebration. In July 1923 Fedorov, posing as a member of an anti-Bolshevik underground, visited Savinkov in Paris, where he had installed his headquarters after the collapse of the NSZRiS, and persuaded him to send his aide, Colonel Sergei Pavlovsky, back to Russia with Fedorov for secret talks with the non-existent underground. Once in Moscow, Pavlovsky was turned in by the OGPU and used to lure Savinkov himself to Russia for further talks. On August 15 Savinkov crossed the Russian border with some of his supporters and walked straight into an OGPU trap. Under OGPU interrogation Savinkov�s resistance swiftly collapsed. At a show trial on August 27 Savinkov [ would 'unconditionally recognize' the Soviet power].

* Could be, but any such data could have been fabricated by the Bolsheviks. WPT.

The deception of Savinkov continued even after he was sentenced to fifteen years in jail. He failed to realize that his cellmate V.I. Speransky, was an OGPU officer, later promoted for his success in gaining Savinkov�s confidence and surreptitiously debriefing him over a period of eight months.⁵⁶ Savinkov did not long survive Speransky�s final report on him. KGB�s files appear to contain no contemporary record of how he met his death. According to the SVR�s implausible current version of events, Savinkov fell or jumped from an upper-story window after a congenial �drinking bout with a group of Chekists�—despite a heroic attempt to save him by Grigori Syroyezhkin.⁵⁷ It seems more likely that Syroyezhkin pushed him to his death.⁵⁸

( pages 33-4 )

---

51. vol. 6, ch. 8, part 6.
52. vol. 6, ch. 5, part 1, n. 1. Though Mitrokhin read a number of classified studies of the TREST and SINDIKAT operations, he did not have access to the files on them. Since the operations were run by the internal departments of the OGPU, their files . . . were kept in the special archival collections (spetsfondi) of the Second Chief Directorate.
53. Andrew and Gordievsky KGB, pp. 111, 12. Costello and Tsarev, Deadly Illusions, pp. 33-4.
54. vol. 6, ch. 8, part 1. On the previous careers of Syroyezhkin and Fyodorov, see Samolis (ed.), Veterany Vneshnei Razvedki Rossii, pp. 138-40, 147-9.
55. Andrew and Gordievsky, KGB, pp. 112-13.
56. k-4, 199.
57. Costello and Tsarev, Deadly Illusions, p. 35.
58. Andrew and Gordievsky, KGB, p. 114.

( notes on page 576 )

The sword and the shield :
the Mitrokhin Archive and the secret history of the KGB
Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin.
New York : Basic Books, 1999.

 

 

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title To, chego ne bylo : roman, povesti, rasskazy, ocherki, stikhotvoreniia / Boris Savinkov (V. Ropshin) ; [vstupitelnaia statia, sostavlenie, primechaniia D.A. Zhukova]. Imprint Moskva : "Sovremennik", 1992. Descript 719 p. ; 21 cm. Note "Literaturno-khudozhestvennoe izdanie"--Colophon. Add'l name Zhukov, Dmitrii Anatolevich.
[ New York Public Library ]

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Uniform Title [ Selections. 1990.] Title Vospominanii︠a︡ terrorista ; Konʹ blednyĭ ; Konʹ voronoĭ / Boris Savinkov ; [vstupitelʹnai︠a︡ statʹi︠a︡ I︠U︡. Davydova]. Publisher Moskva : Novosti, 1990. Description 430 p. ; 21 cm. ISBN 5702001753 : Language Russian Note Title on spine and in colophon: Izbrannoe.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Uniform Title [ Selections. 1990] Title Izbrannoe / Boris Savinkov. Publisher Leningrad : "Khudozh. lit-ra", Leningradskoe otd-nie, 1990. Description 430 p. ; 21 cm. Language Russian Note Vospominanii︠a︡ terrorista -- Konʹ blednyĭ -- Konʹ voronoĭ.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Vospominanii︠a︡ terrorista ; Pochemu i︠a︡ priznal sovetskui︠u︡ vlastʹ? / B. Savinkov ; [sost., avtor vstup. st. i primechaniĭ I.M. Pushkareva]. Publisher Moskva : Mosk. rabochiĭ, 1990. Description 446 p. : ill. ; 21 cm. ISBN 5239010455 Language Russian Note Includes bibliographical references and index.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925 Title Konʹ voronoĭ / V. Ropshin (B. Savinkov) ; so vstupitelʹnoĭ statʹ�ĭ N.L. Meshcheri︠a︡kova i s predisloviem avtora k nastoi︠a︡shehemu izdanii︠u︡ Publisher Moskva : "Knizhnai︠a︡ palata", [1989?] Description 107 p. ; 20 cm Series Tsvet vremeni ISBN 5700002558 Language Russian Note Reprint: Originally published: Leningrad : "Priboĭ" ; Moskva : Gos. izd-vo, 1924

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Vospominanii︠a︡ terrorista / B. Savinkov ; predislovie Feliksa Kona. Publisher Benson, Vermont : Chalidze Publications, 1986. Description 372 p. ; 21 cm. Language Russian Note Title on t.p. verso: Memoirs of a terrorist. "Reprinted from 1926 edition by 'Proletaryi', Kharkov"--T.p. verso.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Konʹ blednyĭ / V. Ropshin (B. Savinkov). Publisher [Munich] : Ed. Neimanis, 1974. Description viii, 139 p. ; 19 cm. Language Russian

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Souvenirs d'un terroriste; traduit du russe par Bernard Taft. Imprint Paris, Payot, 1931. Descript 2 p.l., [7]-242 p., 1 l. 20 cm. Note At head of title: Boris Savinkov. Contents Pr�face.--L'affaire Plehve.--L'affaire du grand-duc Serge.--L'affaire du l'amiral Doubassov.--L'affaire Tschouchnine.
{ New York Public Library ]

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Kniga stikhov / V. Ropshin (B. Savinkov). Publisher Parizh : [Rodnik], 1931. Description 83 p. ; 20 cm. Language Russian

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Uniform Title [ Vospommanii︠a︡ terrorista. English.] Title Memoirs of a terrorist, Publisher New York, A. & C. Boni, 1931. Description 3 p.l., 7 p., 1 l., 9-364 p. 21 cm. Language English

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Selections. Yiddish Zikhroynes fun a terorist / B. Savinkov ; iberzetsung fun M. Shur. Imprint Varshe [Warsaw ?] : H. Bzshazo, 1930. Descript 507 p., 2 leaves ; 21 cm. Note Translation of Vospominan�iia terrorista.
[ New York Public Library ]

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title To, chego ne bylo / B. Savinkov (V. Ropshin) ; s predisloviem i pod redakt︠s︡ieĭ V.I. Nevskogo. Publisher [Moskva?] : Izd-vo "Proletariĭ", [1927?]. Description 351 p. ; 20 cm. Language Russian

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925 Title Vospominanii︠a︡ terrorista. Predisl. Feliksa Kona Publisher [Kharʹkov] Izd-vo Proletariĭ [1927] Description 372 p. ; 23 cm Language Russian

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Vospominanii︠a︡ terrorista / B. Savinkov ; Predisl. Feliksa Kona. Publisher [Kharkov] : Proletariĭ, [1926] Description [373] p. 24 cm. Language Russian Note Romanized record.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Posmertnye statʹi i pisʹma / Boris Savinkov. Publisher Moskva : Izd-vo "Ogonek", 1926. Description 39 p. ; 18 cm. Language Russian

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title V ti︠u︡rʹme : posmertnyĭ rasskaz / B. Savinkov ; predislovie A.V. Lunacharskogo. Publisher Moskva : Izd-vo "Ogonek", 1925. Description 30 p. ; 14 cm. Series Biblioteka "Ogonek" ;No. 51 Language Russian

Comment murdered by the Bolsheviks, then abused by the Bolsheviks.   (WPT)

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Der Prozess gegen Sawinkow : die Anklage, Verteidigund, das Urteil und die Begnadigung / mit Kommentar von Karl Radek ; nebst einem Vorwort von Syrkin. Imprint Berlin : Neuer Deutscher Verlag, [1924]. Descript 79 p. Add'l name Radek, Karl, pseud of Karl Sobelson.
[ New York Public Library ]

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title(s) Delo Borisa Savinkova, so stat'eĭ B. Savinkova "Pochemu ia priznal sovetskuiu vlast'"; s predisloviem Em. IAroslavskogo, primechaniiami P. Shubina i stat'iami Em. IAroslavskogo, K, Radeka, P. Shubina [i dr.] ... Publisher Moskva, Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo, [1924] Paging 160 p. 23 cm. Notes "Soderzhanie" on p. [3] of cover. Savinkov was tried in the Verkhovnyĭ sud of the U.S.S.R. in August, 1924, for counter-revolutionary activities.
[ Los Angeles Public Library ]

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Boris Savinkov pered Voennoĭ kollegieĭ Verkhovnogo suda S.S.S.R. [microform] : polnyĭ otchet po stenogramme suda / s primechanii︠a︡mi, pod obshcheĭ redakt︠s︡ieĭ I. Shubina (Samarina). Publisher Moskva : Izd. Litizdata N.K.I.D., 1924. Description 254 p. : facsims., port. ; 24 cm. Language Russian Note Original in Library of Congress. Note Includes bibliographical references.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Uniform Title [ Kon bliednyi. Chinese] Title Hui se ma / Lu-pu-hsun [Sa-wen-kao-fu] chu ; Cheng Chen-to i. Publisher Shang-hai : Shang wu yin shu kuan, Min kuo 13 [1924] Description 23, 8, 10, 208, 17 p. ; 19 cm. Series Wen hsueh yen chiu hui tsung shu Language Chinese Note Yuan shu ming (transliterated): Kon bliednyi.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Kon voronoĭ / V. Ropshin (B. Savinkov). Publisher Parizh : Franko-russkai︠a︡ pechatʹ, 1924. Description 125 p. ; 19 cm. Language Russian Note In Cyrillic characters.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Kon ̲voronoi̲. Publisher [1923] Description 125 p. 19 x 15 cm. Language Russian Note Romanized.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Nakanuni︠e︡ novoĭ revoli︠u︡t︠s︡īi; sbornik stateĭ. Publisher Varshava [i.e. Warsaw (WPT)] : [Polʹsko-russkoe izdatelʹstvo "Rossica"], 1921. Description 57 p., [1] p. 21 cm. Language Russian

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Bor'ba s bol'shevikami / B.V. Savinkov. Publisher Varshava [i.e. Warsaw (WPT)] : Izd. Russkago politicheskago kom-ta, 1920. Description 48 p. ; 24 cm. Language Russian Note Title vignette (portrait).

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Russkaia narodnaia dobrovolcheskaia armiia v pokhodie / B. V. Savinkov. Imprint [S.l. : s.n., 192--?] Descript 47 p. ; 15 cm.
[ New York Public Library ]

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Uniform Title [ To, chego ne bylo. English] Title What never happened; a novel of the revolution, by "Ropshin" tr. from the Russian by Thomas Seltzer. Publisher London : G. Allen & Unwin ltd., 1919, c1917. Description 2 p. l., 7-448 p. Language English

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Uniform Title [ Konʹ blednyĭ. English. 1919] Title The pale horse, by "Ropshin" (Boris Savinkov) ... tr. from the Russian by Z. Vengerova. Publisher New York, A.A. Knopf, 1919. Description 3 p. l., v-ix, 180 p. 19 cm. Language English Note Translation of Konʹ voronoĭ. Printed in Great Britain.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Uniform Title [ Konʹ blednyĭ. English] Title The pale horse / by V. Ropshin [i.e. B. V. Savinkov] ; translated from the Russian by Z. Vengerova. Publisher Dublin : Maunsel, 1917. Description ix, 180 p. ; 20 cm. Series Modern Russian library Language English

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title What never happened; a novel of the revolution, by "Ropshin" tr. from the Russian by Thomas Seltzer. Publisher New York : A.A. Knopf, 1917. Description 448 p. ; 20 cm. Series The Borzoi Russian translations,XIII. Language English Note Translation of (transliterated) To, chego ne bylo.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title To, chego ne bylo ; roman v 3 chasti︠a︡kh. Publisher Moskva, Zadruga, 1916. Description 346 p. 22 cm. Language Russian Note Author's pseud., V. Ropshin, at head of title. Master negative held by: CUY

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Mets Ishkhan Sergeyi gortsě. Publisher Pōstʻěn : Tparan "Hayrenik", 1914. Description 87 p. Series Heghapʻokhakan matenashar ;tʻiw 1 Note Romanized record.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title To, chego ne bylo. Publisher Moskva : [Tip. I. D. Sytina], 1914. Description 407 p. Language Russian Note At head of title: V. Ropshin.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Konʹ bli︠e︡dnyĭ / V. Ropshin. Publisher Nit︠s︡t︠s︡a : Knigoizdatelʹstvo M.A. Tumanova, 1913. Description 144 p. ; 19 cm. Note Author's pseud., V. Ropshin, at head of title.

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Konʹ bli︠e︡dnyĭ / V. Ropshin. Publisher S.-Peterburg : T-va M.O. Volʹf, 1912. Description 125 p. : 21 cm. Language Russian

Savinkov, B. V. (Boris Viktorovich), 1879-1925. Title Kon bliednyi. Imprint SPB. : Izd. Shipovnik, 1909. Descript 147 p. 20 cm. Note At head of title: V. Ropshin [pseud.].
[ New York Public Library ]

? ? ?

Savinkov, Boris. Title The black horse; a novel, Publisher London, Williams and Norgate, ltd. [1924] Description xv, 143 p. 19 cm. Language English Format Book Library UCSB UCB