2  a.  1s22s22p6

   b.  1s22s22p6

   c.  1s22s22p63s23p6

   d.  1s22s22p63s2

   e.  1s22s22p63s23p6

   f.  1s22s22p63s23p6

   g.  1s22s22p63s23p63d10

   h.  1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p64d10

3.  a.  F
    b.  Al
    c.  P
    d.  Mn
    e.  Sn

4.  Si-4,  P-3,  S-2,  Cl-,  K+,  Ca+2,  Sc+3,  Ti+4,  V+5,  Cr+6