The science of classification
Aristotle: Divided organisms into two groups.
Plants: classified them on the basis of structure and size.The Polynomial SystemAnimals: subdivided them on the basis of where they live.
A series of additional descriptive terms added to the genus name.Carolus Linnaeus: Swedish botanist who developed a classification system based on structural features.
Apis pubescens, thorace subgriseo, abdomine fusco, pedibus posticis glabris utrinque margine ciliatis (European honeybee)
Seven taxa
Kingdom: broadest categoryBinomial Nomenclature: two part naming system. Latin.phylumclassorderfamilygenusspecies: most specific; one type of organism
Genus speciesDetermining RelationshipsGenus: a noun; always capitalized. May be abbreviated by using only the first letter.species: an adjective; never capitalized.
StructureHuman Classification
Biochemistry/ molecular
Development
Phylogeny- evolutionary history
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primata
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens
Red Maple Classification
Kingdom: PlantaeMonera
Phylum: Anthophyta
Class: Dicotyledones
Order: Sapindales
Family: Aceraceae
Genus: Acer
Species: Acer rubrum
prokaryotic; unicellular; autotrophic or heterotrophic; most reproduce asexually; live in all habitats; example: bacteriaProtista
eukaryotic; unicellular; protozoans: animal-like; heterotrophic; algae: plant-like; autotrophic; reproduce sexually or asexually; live in moist habitats; example: amoeba, euglena, diatomsFungi
eukaryotic; mostly multicellular; saprophytic: obtain nutrients through absorption; reproduce sexually and asexually; most live in terrestrial habitats; example: mushrooms; puffballs; yeastPlantae
eukaryotic; multicellular; autotrophic; most live in terrestrial habitats; reproduce sexually and asexually; example: mosses; ferns; conifers; flowering plantsAnimalia
eukaryotic; multicellular; heterotrophic; live in terrestrial and aquatic habitats; most reproduce sexually; example: sponges, worms, starfish, frogs, snakes, birds, dogs
Six Kingdoms
Eubacteria: unicellular prokaryotes; mainly heterotrophs.Back to notes!Cyanobacteria, chemoautotrophs, enterobacteria, pseudomonads, apirochaetes, actinomycetes, rickettsiasArchaebacteria: prokaryotes suited to extreme environments.Methanogens, thermoacidophiles, halophilesProtista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia