|
|
|
|
|
|
| Motility | Pseudopodia | Cilia | Flagella | Immobile |
| Examples | Amoeba | Paramecium | Trypanosoma, Trichonympha | Toxoplasma |
| Habitat/ Lifestyle | free living; bottom dwellers. scavengers in rivers, lakes, streams; some parasitic | free-living; marine or fresh water | some parasitic; free-living in lakes and ponds | all parasitic |
| Structure | jelly-like; changes shape | covered by hard pellicle (shell) | whip-like tail called flagella | conical top |
| Nutrition | decaying organic matter; phagocytosis, absorption | takes in food through oral groove and mouth pore | live on fluids of host | live on body fluids of host |
| Reproduction | binary fission; can form cysts under adverse conditions | binary fission; conjugation | binary fission | complex life cycle involves many hosts, sexual and asexual phases |
| Significance | causes amoebic dysentery | Trypanosoma lives in blood of host; causes African sleeping sickness; transmitted by tsetse fly. Trichonympha lives in the gut of termites with bacteria to convert cellulose to soluble fiber | Plasmodium causes malaria. symptoms include fever, anemia, destruction of RBCs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Meaning of Name | green algae | brown algae | red algae | golden brown algae | fire algae | true eye |
| Examples | Chlamydomonas Volvox Spirogyra | Macrocystis | Sebdina | diatoms | dinoflagellate | Euglena |
| Habitat | aquatic; moist terrestrial areas | marine | marine | marine; fresh water | marine | fresh water |
| Structure | unicellular; colonial; filamentous; thalloid | multicellular (large) | multicellular (smaller than brown algae) | unicellular; colonial | unicellular | unicellular |
| Food Storage | starch (located in pyrenoid) | laminarin | starch | oil | starch | starch |
| Significance | food producer; plankton; important part of food chain | used in ice cream, sherbet, cream cheese to give a smooth, stable consistency | carageenan used in cosmetics, gelatin capsules, cheeses; some produce calcium carbonate for coral reefs | silica in shells used in abrasives, detergents, paint removers, fertilizers (diatomaceous earth); responsible for bulk of world’s photosynthesis | red tides (population explosion), produce toxins that cause respiratory problems in humans if ingested (usually by eating shellfish) | both plant and animal like characteristics |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Common Name | terrestrial molds | sac fungi (largest group) | club fungi | imperfect fungi | |
| Examples | black bread molds (Rhizopus) | truffles, morels, yeast, penicillium; powdery mildews | mushrooms, puffballs, shelf fungi, rusts, smuts | ringworm, athlete’s foot, yeast | reindeer moss |
| Structure | rhizoids: hyphae used for anchorage and absorption of nutrients | spores formed in sac (ascus) | visible portion: fruiting body composed of stalk, cap, and gills | crustose lichen (bare rock); foliose lichen (leaflike); fruticose (shrubby). mutualistic relationship between algae and sac fungus | |
| Significance | found on fruit, bread. whitish or grayish in appearance | yeast cause bread to rise; blue green molds used in cheeses, produce antibiotics; responsible for chestnut tree blight; Dutch elm disease | mushrooms collected as food; rusts and smuts are parasitic fungi that attack grains | Candidia albicans responsible for thrush, moniliasis | pioneer species: can survive harsh environmental conditions. indicator species: extremely sensitive to air pollution |