"補破網" by 董崇選（中興大學外文系教授）
臺灣著名民歌〈補破網〉道盡了早期「討海人」的苦境與辛酸。此歌有兩段詞，每段四句話，從臺語粗譯成國語時，大約如下：
看著網，目眶紅。
破到這大孔。
想要補，無半項。
誰人知阮苦痛？
今日若將這網來放，
是永遠無希望。
為著前途針活縫，
找傢司，補破網。
翻譯歌詞跟翻譯詩句不一樣。歌詞是要配合歌的旋律、節奏和聲韻等，是要隨譜唱出的，所以譯文不能不考慮這些音樂的要素。詩句則不然，它不一定要配樂，所以只要把詩意譯好了，在「音」的經營方面可以比較放鬆。簡單地說，譯詩可以稍微不管吟誦，譯歌則必須想到如何歌唱。就以這首〈補破網〉為例吧，若把它譯成英文，就不能只顧詩意把討海人的苦楚表達出來而已，也應該注意譯成的英文歌詞能不能按原譜順口地唱出。
所以說，要譯像這樣的一首歌，首先應減少不必要的用字，應盡量讓譯文與原文的字句音節數相當，而且應盡量設法保留尾韻，這樣才能達到「可唱又有韻味」的目的。
基於左述的觀念，我想這首歌連同標題，可以試譯如下：
To Mend the Broken Net
Seeing the net, eyes are wet.
So big a hole, ne'er met.
To mend it, no gadget.
My grief－who can know it?
If I give it up today,
I'll have no hope any way.
For the future I must mend,
Must seek a tool for my end.
這樣的譯文，在細節方面，是稍微走漏了原文的字義。像把原文的「目眶紅」譯成 "eyes are wet" (眼睛溼了)，又加進 "ne'er met" (沒碰見過) 來補足 「破到這大孔」的語意，把「無半項」譯成 "no gadget" (沒器具)，把「今日若將這網來放」中的「這網」僅用 "it" (它) 來指示而已，把「是永遠無希望」的「永遠」改譯成 "any way" (無論如何)，把「針活縫」改譯成 "I must mend" (我須補)，把「找傢司，補破網」改譯成 "must seek a tool for my end" (須找工具以達目的) 等。不過，在大意方面，這首歌中那討海人的困境 (網破大洞，卻無工具縫補) 以及辛酸 (無人知其苦痛，網破難補也得補，不能放棄希望)，還是在譯文中充分表露出來了。
這樣的翻譯，最大的好處當然是：一、字句簡約，音節少，可以配上原譜的曲子順口唱出來。二、仍然具有尾韻(wet, met; gadget, mend it; today, any way; mend, end)，雖然是 aabb 的押韻法，不是原來的 aaba 押韻法。這種「音容宛在」(聲音與內容似乎都還存在) 的譯法，應該是譯歌的正途吧？
附帶補充說明幾件事：一、英語 the, a 等冠詞，在唱歌時可以輕柔帶過，不用獨佔一音符。二、在英詩中，ne'er (=never) 常是縮短一音節使合詩行節奏的字眼。三、gadget 是幹活的小工具，補網的工具也可稱之。四、中文句子常省略主詞 (如「看著網」和「找傢司」等)，英文句子則常把主詞明說出來，所以在上述譯文裡，出現三次 "I" (我)，以合英文句法。
The Artist and Politics 藝術家與政治 by 瑪蓮娜•梅爾庫里 (1968年演講)
譯者:
吳新發（中興大學外文系副教授）
瑪蓮娜•梅爾庫里（Melina Mercouri，1923-1994）是希臘影劇雙棲的熠熠明星，更是功績卓著的文化部長。一九八三年時她在歐盟文化部長會議提倡「歐洲文化之都」（European Cities of Culture；1999 年改稱 European Capitals of Culture）的計畫獲得通過，使每年「歐洲文化之都」的活動成為全歐洲的文化盛事。梅爾庫里還長年推動希臘文物歸還運動，一九八○年更將英國掠奪自巴特農神殿（Parthenon）、現藏大英博物館的「埃爾金大理石雕」（Elgin Marbles）的歸還問題提昇至政治層面。她說：「我希望在死前目睹這批大理石雕回歸雅典；如果在我死後才回來，我一定會復活。」（I hope that I will see the Marbles back in Athens before I die; but if they come back later I shall be reborn.）英國首相布萊爾（Tony Blair，1953-）和大英博物館迄今堅持不還，但今年一月倫敦維多利亞與阿爾伯特博物館（Victoria & Albert Museum）館長馬克•瓊斯（Mark Jones，1951-）則已建議兩國分享這批文化遺產。
一九六七年時，希臘發生軍事政變，梅爾庫里開始流亡於法國與美國。一九六八年一月廿三日，她應紐約婦女民主聯合會（Women's Democratic Club）之邀發表本篇演說；原文甚長，此處僅摘譯其開頭一小部分，以饗讀者。
I have been asked to speak on the subject "The Artist and Politics." I'll try to do so. But I must immediately tell you that I consider the artist no less a citizen than anyone else. And I believe that those who say the artist has no place in politics not only would strip him of his citizenship but would also deny all of history. I know that some artists have accepted the address of the ivory tower. Perhaps they are comfortable, but they collaborate with those who want them excluded from the movement of the world.
我應邀來談一談「藝術家與政治」的主題。我會盡力而為。但我必須立即告訴各位，我認為藝術家和其他任何人一樣，都是不折不扣的公民。我也相信，說藝術家沒資格參與政治的人不僅剝奪藝術家的公民權，也抹煞了所有的歷史。我知道有些藝術家已經接受象牙塔做為居所。他們或許怡然自得，但是他們和意圖將他們排除在世界變化之外的人沆瀣一氣。
I am an artist by vocation and profession. I am a citizen by obligation and responsibility.
在職業和專業上我是藝術家。在義務和責任上我是公民。
And as an actress I am happiest when I work in a play or a film that makes both artistic and social contribution.
身為女演員，我最快樂的是所演的戲或電影對於藝術與社會都有貢獻的時候。
There is a beautiful story about Picasso. It was during the Nazi occupation in France. The great painter was summoned to Gestapo headquarters. He found a Nazi officer studying one of Picasso's most famous paintings. The canvas depicted the brutal destruction of the town of Guernica by the Nazi during the Spanish Civil War. The Gestapo man looked with menace at Picasso and pointed to the painting.
畢卡索有個美麗的故事。那是納粹占領法國期間。這位偉大的畫家被傳喚到蓋世太保的總部。他發現有個納粹軍官在研究畢卡索最膾炙人口的一幅畫作。畫中描繪西班牙內戰期間納粹對格尼卡鎮的殘酷破壞。蓋世太保的軍官以威脅的目光瞪著畢卡索，手指畫作。
"Did you do this?" he asked. Picasso looked at the Nazi and said, "No, you did."
「這是你幹的嗎？」他質問。畢卡索注視納粹軍官，說：「不，是你們幹的。」
「經濟學人情報中心」的臺灣報告
譯者: 黃晶晶（師範大學翻譯研究所兼任講師）
前言
英國「經濟學人集團」（The Economist Group）旗下，除了知名的《經濟學人》（The Economist）月刊之外，還有「經濟學人情報中心」（The Economist Intelligence Unit），定期深入分析約兩百個國家的政經情勢，並提供全球前六十大經濟體未來五年的經濟預測，頗具影響力，臺灣亦包括在這六十個國家之內。以下節譯自該中心出版的最新一期《國家報告》（Country Report）季刊，我們不僅可以從中瞭解外人對臺灣的評價（他們似乎比國人對臺灣有信心得多），亦可以學習如何以簡潔精確的英文描述臺灣。
On May 21st Taiwan's premier unveiled a six-year national development plan, entitled "Challenge 2008." The highlights of the plan included designating English as a quasi-official language and actively expanding the use of English as a part of daily life; promotion of a cultural and arts industry; boosting research and development (R&D) from the current 2.1% of GDP to 3% in six years through the use of low interest loans provided by the government and by encouraging domestic and international businesses and research institutes to establish industrial research centers in Taiwan.
臺灣的行政院長於 5 月 21 日揭示「挑戰 2008」六年國建計畫。該計畫的重點包括：訂定英文為第二官方語言，並積極擴大使用英文，將英文融入日常生活；推展文化藝術工業；政府提供低利貸款，並鼓勵國內外企業及研究機構在臺設立產業研究中心，期能將研發佔國內生產毛額（GDP）的比例在六年之內由 2.1% 提高至 3%。
Even if "Challenge 2008" does not lead to a further increase in government expenditure, the government will have difficulty in maintaining a prudent fiscal position. The government has already made several far-reaching social security commitments. During the presidential election campaign in 2000 Mr. Chen made a so-called 3-3-3 welfare promise─a 3% mortgage rate for young people buying their first homes; free medical services to children three years old and under; and a monthly pension of NT$3,000 (US$86) for the elderly. The government has already acted on the first two parts of this plan and on May 10th measures to provide the third were passed by the Legislative Yuan.
即使「挑戰2008」計畫不會額外增加政府支出，政府亦難以維持穩健的財政狀況。政府已承諾數項影響深遠的社會福利措施。陳總統在2000年總統大選期間，做出了所謂「三三三福利方案」的競選承諾，即青年首次購屋優惠貸款利率 3%，三歲暨以下的兒童醫療服務免費，以及每月三仟元 （86 美元）的老年津貼。政府已實施前兩項承諾，第三項承諾的相關措施也已於 5 月 10 日由立法院通過。
After contracting year on year in each of the final three quarters of 2001, GDP grew in the first three months of 2002. The pick-up so far has not been particularly strong─GDP expanded by just 0.9% year on year in January-March─but judging from leading indicator data it seems that the rate of recovery has since picked up. This pattern is clearest in the export sector. In the first three months of the year exports of goods and services in real terms, which contracted throughout 2001, expanded by 1.7% year on year.
繼 2001 年末三季 GDP 連續負成長之後，2002 年前三個月 GDP 轉為正成長。至目前為止，復甦的力道並不特別強勁，今年一至三月 GDP 不過較上年同期成長 0.9%；然而，領先指標資料顯示其後景氣似已加速回春。此一趨勢以出口業最為明顯。2001 年全年商品及服務出口的實質成長率皆為負數，但今年前三個月已較上年同期成長 1.7%。
Perhaps most important for Taiwan, though, has been the strong growth recorded by the electronic machinery industry. Since the mid-1990s output growth in this sector has been the real engine of growth in Taiwan's manufacturing industry. Much of this output was produced to supply burgeoning demand in the US. There were therefore some fears that the bursting of the high-technology bubble in the US in late 2000 would lead to a structural downturn in Taiwan's economy. Based on recent figures, these worries seem overdone. Despite continued weak demand in the US output of the sector has surged in recent months.
不過，對臺灣而言最重要的還是電機業的強勁成長。自 1990 年代中期起，電機業產出的成長一直是推動臺灣製造業成長的動力來源，此項產出大多用來供給美國的強大需求。因此有人擔憂美國 2000 年底高科技泡沫的破滅，會引起臺灣經濟的結構性衰退。根據最近的數據，這些人擔憂過度了。儘管美國需求持續衰弱，電機業產出近幾月仍大幅攀升。
The Economist Intelligence Unit expects real GDP to rise by 3.1% in 2002. There are tentative signs that the worst is over in the export-oriented subsectors of the industrial sector. The composite of leading indicators, which looks at the economy three to six months ahead, remained in positive territory for an eight consecutive month in May. In addition, in June industrial production rose for the fourth month in a row. However, private consumption and investment growth will remain subdued in 2002. As a result, a full economic recovery is not anticipated until the latter part of the year. A stronger recovery in 2003 will result in GDP growth of 4.4%.
「經濟學人情報中心」預估臺灣 2002 年實質 GDP 將成長 3.1%。初步跡象顯示，工業部門中外銷導向的次部門已觸底回升。在五月，綜合領先指標（領先景氣三至六個月）已連續八個月呈現正數。此外，工業生產截至六月已連續上升四個月。然而，2002年民間消費及投資仍將受到壓抑，導致經濟遲至下半年才可望全面復甦。2003 年復甦力道將轉強，GDP 成長率可望達 4.4%。
Over the coming decades, China will become a thoroughly new political and economic entity. Brutally competitive in both politics and world markets, innovative and resilient, China will be more dominant than any nation save the US.
在未來的幾十年，中國大陸將成為一個全新的政治與經濟的實體。在政治與世界市場都競爭激烈的中國大陸，既有創新能力富於彈性，將會比世界上除了美國之外的任何國家更為強大。
Such a shift in the global balance of power occurs only about once every century and is comparable to the emergence of the US as a world power a century ago. The magnitude of this change is a result of, in part, a radical and rapid shift in China's governance. Because of its suddenness, it is tempting to write this shift off as a fluke. But China's restructuring is permanent and will affect every aspect of its national life, as well as its global standing.
世界權力平衡發生如此巨變，大約一個世紀只有一次。它可以和一個世紀以前，美國嶄露頭角，成為世界強權相比。這次改變規模宏大，部分源自中國大陸治理方式徹底而快速的轉換。因為事出突然，容易讓人予以否定，認為只是僥倖。但是中國大陸的重構是永久性的，將影響到國家生活的每一方面，以及它的世界地位。
The people's republic now embodies two systems: the centralized, autocratic Communist administration, dominated by an outdated ideology and military interests, and the decentralized free-market economic regime. Whether deliberately or not, China is reorganizing itself to balance central authority and common purpose with decentralized freedom, in the same way that nimble companies balance home-office and divisional control. The result is an entirely new geopolitical model－the country as corporation.
人民共和國現包括兩種制度：中央集權式的共產行政部門﹙由過時的意識形態和軍方利益所控制﹚，以及地方性的自由市場經濟制度不論是否有意，中國大陸正在調整組織，在中央權威及共同目的，與地方化的自由間取得平衡。其方式就像靈活的企業在總部與分公司自主之間取得平衡一樣。結果是一種嶄新的地理政治模式：國家如同企業。
Call the new China "Chunghua, Inc." Like many corporations, China is moving most decision-making to the "business unit" level－semi-autonomous, self-governing economic region-states that compete fiercely against each other for capital, technology and human resources.（PartⅠ）
這個新的中國大陸就稱為「中華公司」吧。像許多公司一樣，中國大陸正在把很多的決策權轉移到「事業單位」的層級。這些經濟的地方政府，一半獨立又自我管理，為了資本，科技和人才而彼此激烈競爭。
前言
麥克阿瑟將軍 (General Douglas MacArthur, 1880-1964) 是美國名將，戰功彪炳。本篇來自他對西點軍校的學生隊的演講，也是他有生之年最後的一次重要演講。
西點是美國最有名的職業軍人訓練基地，也是培養名將的搖籃。麥克阿瑟於 1904 年從這裡以最優異的成績畢業，將近一個花甲之後，他被學校選為當年對美國最有貢獻的人物，藉著領獎機會，他對母校的後生晚輩闡揚該校的校訓 (motto)：責任、榮譽、國家。
麥帥演講素以文采優美見稱，本篇尤為特出。最後一段，無異於他對人生的訣別，更是淒美動人。但他的講詞有時簡潔有如我國古典詩詞，意義因而難免晦澀，這些地方，請參考生字與注釋中的說明。
No human being could fail to be deeply moved by such a tribute as this Thayer Award. Coming from a profession I have served so long and a people I have loved so well, it fills me with an emotion I cannot express. But this award is not intended primarily to honor a personality, but to symbolize a great moral code－a code of conduct and chivalry of those who guard this beloved land of culture and ancient descent.
像斯伊爾獎這樣的敬禮，沒有人不會深受感動。它來自我服務這麼悠久的職業，以及我衷心這麼摯愛的人士，使我的心中充滿了難以言宣的感情。但是這個獎設立的目的主要不是榮耀個人，而是象徵一個偉大的道德規範猁軍人行為和精神的規範，是他們捍衛著我們這個文化豐富，歷史悠久，深受愛載的國家。
"Duty," "honor," "country"*－those three hallowed words reverently dictate what you want to be, what you can be, what you will be. They are your rallying point to build courage when courage seems to fail, to regain faith when there seems to be little cause for faith, to create hope when hope becomes forlorn. Unhappily, I possess neither that eloquence of diction, that poetry of imagination, nor that brilliance of metaphor to tell you all that they mean.
「責任」、「榮譽」、「國家」－這三個神聖的語詞，虔敬的告誡著你們想要成為什麼，你們能是什麼，你們將是什麼。它們是你們集合重整的據點，當勇氣似乎消逝之時建立勇氣，當信心似乎渺茫時重拾信心，當希望變成絕望時創造希望。不幸的是，我無能告訴你們它們全部的意義，因為我既沒有流暢的辭彙，那想像的詩篇，也缺乏亮麗的隱喻。
The unbelievers will say they are but words, but a slogan, but a flamboyant phrase. Every pedant, every demagogue, every cynic, every hypocrite, every troublemaker, and, I am sorry to say, some others of an entirely different character*, will try to downgrade them even to the extent of mockery and ridicule. But these are some of the things they build*. They build your basic character. They mold you for your future roles as the custodians of the nation's defense. They make you strong enough to know when you are weak, and brave enough to face yourself when you are afraid.
不相信的人將會說，它們只不過是空話、是口號，是一種華麗的辭彙。每一個學究，每一個煽動者，每一個憤世疾俗的人，每一個偽君子，每一個製造麻煩的分子，還有，我抱歉還要加入一些個性迴然不同的其他人士，都會嘗試貶低它們，甚至到達冷諷熱嘲的程度。但是這裡是它們建造的一些東西。它們建造你基本的人格。它們塑造你成為國防未來的守護人。它們讓你堅強到知道自己何時微弱，勇敢到能讓你在畏懼時面對自己。
They teach you to be proud and unbending in honest failure, but humble and gentle in success; not to substitute words for action; not to seek the path of comfort, but to face the stress and spur of difficulty and challenge; to learn to stand up in the storm, but to have compassion on those who fall; to master yourself before you seek to master others; to have a heart that is clean, a goal that is high; to learn to laugh, yet never forget how to weep; to reach into the future, yet never neglect the past; to be serious, yet never take yourself too seriously; to be modest so that you will remember the simplicity of true greatness; the open mind of true wisdom, the meekness of true strength.
它們教導你：在光榮失敗時保持尊嚴，不屈不撓，但是在成功時謙卑溫和；不以空言代替行動；不找尋舒適的小徑，而是面對困難的壓力，以及挑戰的鞭策；學習在暴風雨中屹立，但是對跌倒的人寄與同情；在你想控制別人之前，先控制自己；有純潔的心，有高尚的目標；學習歡笑，但永不忘記如何哭泣；伸向未來，但永不忽略過去；嚴肅，但永不把自己看得過於認真；謙虛，以便你能記得真偉大的單純，真智慧的虛心，真力量的溫馴。
They give you a temperate will, a quality of imagination, a vigor of the emotions, a freshness of the deep springs of life, a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity, an appetite for adventure over love of ease. They create in your heart the sense of wonder, the unfailing hope of what next, and the joy and inspiration of life. They teach you in this way to be an officer and a gentleman.
它們給予你平和的意志、想像的性質、感情的活力、生命深泉的清新、勇氣駕馭怯懦的氣質，以及寧願冒險犯難而不溺愛舒適的脾胃。它們在你的心中創造驚奇的感受，對下回如何的無限希望，以及生命的快樂與靈感。就這樣，它們教導你既是軍官，又是紳士。
False Friends and Striking Similarities 「一見如故」與「假朋友」
蘇正隆(師大翻譯研究所兼任助理教授)
我們在學英文或從事翻譯的時候，最容易的是中文裡有對應(equivalent expression)或極為類似(striking similarity)的說法。譬如：「蛙人」英文叫 frogman，「鐵人」英文叫 iron man，這種詞彙，我稱之為「一見如故」，學起來、譯出來輕而易舉，不費工夫。比較麻煩的是看起來似曾相似，誤以為「他鄉遇故知」，結果卻是被擺了一道而不自知。這種我們自以為認識，似「識」而非的詞彙，語言學上稱之為 false friend(假朋友)或false cognate(假同源詞)，例如：英文的eat one's words不是「食言」(go back on one's word / break a promise)，是「認錯；道歉」(to admit that they were wrong about something they said)；或法文的experience是「實驗」(experiment)而不是經驗(experience)，諸如此類。類似這樣的「假朋友」在英文裡比比皆是，我們不提高警覺，很容易就會掉入陷阱而不自知。筆者在這裡就所觀察到的許多false friends 中舉出幾個例子，包括某些數十年來以訛傳訛的錯誤，追本溯源，交代其文化背景，供大家參考。
一、bargain hunter, headhunt, mug hunting
我們從學英文開始，就強調背單字，而每個英文單字往往只附一個、頂多兩個中文解釋。如：hunter是「獵人」，worker 是「工人」，business是「商業」，對許多學習者，像這些初學英文時所學到的中文意思往往跟著他們一輩子，不加質疑。因此 conscientious worker(做事很認真)，就有人把它翻成「誠實的工人」，又如：on a business trip (出差)，很多人就會譯成「做商業旅行」；get down to business 其實是「言歸正傳」「談正事」之類的意思，當然也可能包括談生意在內，但不一定只是「談生意」。葉靜娥女士在一篇談常見翻譯錯誤的文章裡，把這種難以擺脫的、初學英文單字時學到的中文解釋，戲稱之為「難忘的初戀情人」。
茲以 Last-minute bargain hunters flocked to the shop. 為例，句子裡bargain hunter無關打獵，是店家大廉售，想要在最後一刻撿便宜者蜂湧而至的意思。當然，喜歡瘋狂採購(on a shopping spree)的人，往往見「獵」心喜，不過到底自已是獵人或為商家所獵，就見仁見智了。
培養人材要花時間，所謂百年樹人。現代企業流行撿現成，從別公司找現成人材最方便省事，就是所謂挖角(headhunt)。Headhunt不再是從前食人族的獵頭陋習(cannibalistic act)。譬如，聖巴伯拉加州大學曾想把牛津大學某位教授挖過來，報導上說：UCSB attempted to headhunt Professor Cheetham, who had been at Oxford for 26 years...。負責挖角的人或尋才公司就叫 headhunter，有人硬生生把它譯成獵人頭公司。
提到人頭，現在有人心存不軌，出資找貪圖小利者或欺騙無辜，取得他們的身分証、印章，搞假結婚販賣人口或成立空頭公司來行騙斂財，這些被利用的人頭，英文叫 puppet。
另一個跟 hunt 有關的詞 mug hunting，意思是尋找搶劫作案的對象，這裡 mug是 face 的意思。
二、bookmaker
臺灣人賭性堅強，不過論普及程度，和英國人比起來可要瞠乎其後。除了彩券(lottery)以外，他們賭注的名堂很多，從賭馬到賭足球，甚至哪一球隊下任教練人選是誰，都可以下賭注，稱為bookmaking。大街小巷到處都可見投注站，掛著bookmaker的招牌。不知情者還以為是書店或印書的地方呢。因此bookmaker不是圖書業者(publisher/bookseller)，是現在俗稱「組頭」，接受賭注的莊家。Bookmaker 口語裡常簡稱 bookie。
美國大部分地方賭博是非法的，他們的 bookmaking 以球賽或賽馬為主，賭六合彩之類押數字的賭注則稱為numbers。
三、boot camp, boot fair, bootleg
boot是長統靴；camp 則可以是露營區、軍營，如夏令營(summer camp)、難民營(refugee camp)、集中營(concentration camp)、訓練營(training camp)等。至於prison camp在美國指沒有危險的輕罪犯人拘留的地方，可以容許犯人外出工作。但在英式英文裡，則幾乎相反，指的是戒備森嚴，關政治犯、戰犯的地方。
boot camp不是賣馬靴的地方，是新兵訓練中心(training center)。現在一般大企業培訓新進員工的訓練營或講習所也流行這麼說。
有人覺得買舊衣、舊地毯之類的東西，難免會附贈跳蚤若干，因此賣二手貨、廉價品的市集，就被謔稱為跳蚤市場(flea market)。在英國，稱這種市集為boot fair或car boot fair，不要誤以為是鞋展(shoe fair)。汽車行李廂在在英國稱car boot (在美國稱 trunk)。有東西要賣的，可在周末把車子開到指定場地，打開行李廂，把物品陳列出來賣。
Bootleg不是靴子的鞋統 (the leg of a boot)，是指製造或者販賣非法商品，如CD或私酒之類。在1920-33年間，美國實施禁酒令(Prohibition)，走私者往往用扁瓶(flask)裝酒，藏在靴子裡。所以製造販售私酒或非法物品就叫bootleg，可做動詞、名詞及形容詞用。如：bootleg whisky, bootleg CD, bootleg tapes等。
四、hobby, hobby horse
hobby一般翻成嗜好，但跟中文嗜好的意思稍有不同。學生在會話及作文課時，如果提到hobby，常會說watching TV、sleeping、eating、window shopping是自己的hobby。但在英文裡這些活動不能算hobby。中文有所謂的不良嗜好(addiction)，英文裡不止沒有不良hobby，連不夠正面、積極的嗜好也不能算hobby。像看電視、吃飯、睡覺、逛街等，不需要刻意去學，也不用培養興趣，所以都不算。相對的，bird watching(賞鳥)、gourmet cooking(美食烹飪)、meditating (打坐) 等才算。
騎馬(horseback riding)可算是一種 hobby，但hobby horse與馬無關，而是別人早就聽膩，自己卻樂此不疲、老愛談起的話題。
Never Mind the Rhetoric, Fix the Economy 別儘唱高調，拼經濟
作者：RoyDenman(前歐盟執委會駐華盛頓代表)
譯者：劉嘉玲(自由翻譯工作者)
In the capitals of Europe the result of the German elections this Sunday is being anxious awaited. Germany is by far Europe's biggest and most powerful member state and its new chancellor will have a major role to play in the shaping of the new, enlarged European Union. What road will Gerhard Schroeder or Edmund Stoiber take?
歐洲各國全都引頸期待本周日（九月廿二日）德國大選的結果。德國是歐盟最大也是最強的會員國；歐盟近來大肆增加新會員國，德國新總理在塑造新歐盟一事上，一定會扮演重要角色。施洛德或史托伊伯會走怎樣的路線呢？
The second question is: What will the victor do about Germany's economic crisis? The German industrial machine, once the powerhouse of Europe, is faltering. Unemployment is rising; growth is falling. Germany's expensive and overregulated labor market holds back economic growth, puts pressure on the budget deficit, contributes to endangering the EU stability and growth pact and reinforces skepticism in the financial markets about Europe's ability to match U.S. growth rates.
第二個問題：勝選者怎樣應付德國的經濟危機？德國工業曾經是歐洲的發電廠；現在搖搖欲墜。失業率不斷攀升；成長率持續下滑。德國的勞動市場工資高昂，加以管制過度，使得經濟成長拉抬不上、赤字預算承受壓力，連帶危及歐盟穩定和成長公約，更加深金融市場對歐洲經濟成長是否能與美國並駕齊驅的疑慮。
Whoever the victor, he will proclaim that a decisive page in German history has been turned and that a reinvigorated Germany will lead the band in Europe. Yet it is doubtful whether the result will mean any real change.
不管誰贏得大選，都會宣稱德國歷史上決定性的一頁掀過去了；接著，活力重現的德國將要在歐洲領航。然而，結果真會帶來實質改變嗎？
When Chancellor Schroeder took office in 1998, unemployment was 4.14 million. Before his election he said "we either manage to achieve the goal of reducing unemployment or we do not deserve to be reelected." Two years later, when the German economy was flourishing, he said "we have every chance to have fewer than 3.5 million unemployed at the end of this legislative period. I hold that as the central success of German politics."
施洛德總理1998年即位時，失業人口為4.14百萬人。他當選前聲稱：「要是當選後不能降低失業率，下一任我們就不配當選。」兩年後，德國經濟繁榮，他又說：「我們大有機會在這個國會會期終了時，把失業人口降到3.5百萬以下。我以為這是德國政治的大成功。」
Unemployment is now 4.05 million. That is not the only bad news. The ZEW poll in August of expectations among financial analysts and institutional investors showed its steepest decline in two years. New industrial orders fell sharply in June. All but one of Germany's six leading economic institutes expect gross domestic product to grow by less than 1 percent this year.
目前失業人口是4.05百萬人。壞消息還不止於此。歐洲經濟研究中心八月間所做民意調查顯示，財務分析專家和機構投資人對於德國經濟的預期，是兩年來下滑最慘的。六月裡，新增工業產品訂單急速下降。全德國六家主要經濟研究機構中，有五家認為今年的國內生產總值成長將低於百分之一。
Part of this reflects the downturn in the world economy. But there is wide agreement that central to the problem are Germany's generous unemployment and social benefits. The International Monetary Fund's report last year on the German economy praised what had been done─reforms of tax and pension systems and opening up telecommunications and utilities markets─but was unequivocal about labor market reform. This headed its list.
這種情形固然反映整個世界的經濟不景氣，但是，一般也普遍同意，主要問題出在德國豐厚的失業和社會福利制度。國際貨幣基金去年的報告中，稱許德國在改革稅務和退休金制度以及開放電訊和公用事業的成就；但對改革項目表上的頭一項勞動市場改革，則毫不含糊。
A long-awaited report on labor market reform, the Harz Commission, has made several marginal recommendations. But reducing the length and scale of unemployment benefits, still less liberalizing the overregulated labor market, have been ruled out because of union opposition.
大家期盼已久的哈茲委員會勞動市場改革報告，提出了幾個無關宏旨的建議。因為工會反對，改革建議卻沒有涵蓋失業救濟幅度與維期的縮減；對過度保護的勞動市場的自由化，也少有著墨。
American critics are apt to dismiss this as a workshy addiction to social benefits peculiar to continental Europe. This ignores the difference between national traditions, that of the American pioneers who worked or starved and the Europeans who regard it as the duty of the state to temper the rigors of unemployment. Continental Europe will never accept a social policy of the devil take the hindmost. But Germany needs to trim its social benefits if it is to survive.
美國評論家會不以為然，認為這個現象是歐洲大陸獨有；因為懶惰，靠社會福利上了癮。這種論點忽略了不同國家的歷史傳統：美國人的祖先開疆闢土，不工作就挨餓；歐洲人則慣於把紓解失業痛苦的責任丟給政府。歐洲大陸絕不會有各憑本事、聽天由命的社會政策。但是，德國如果想生存下去，勢必要縮減社會福利支出。
The trade unions' cooperation in Germany's spectacular postwar economic success has given them enormous power. In four years Schroeder has not been able to overcome it. There is little sign that Stoiber will be able to.
工會對德國戰後驚人的經濟成就有很大的貢獻，勢力也因此坐大。施洛德在任四年，對工會無計可施。看起來史托伊伯也拿不出甚麼辦法。
The real time for decision in Germany will not be this month but in the elections of 2006 when the problems will not just be knocking on the door but starting to demolish the house. Then Germany will need a Margaret Thatcher, not in her later xenophobic phase but in her early years, when she broke a British trade union-dominated mold. Those who drink to success in Germany on the night of Sept. 22 should remember this.
德國真正要做決定的時刻，還不是這次選舉；待2006年下次大選時，所有問題就不再是輕描淡寫，而是排山倒海撲過來了。屆時，德國會需要一位柴契爾夫人，不過不是後期仇外的她，而是早年的鐵娘子，勇猛打破英國工會把持的局面。九月廿二日晚上，大選得勝的一方在舉杯慶祝的時候，要記住這點！
The British Museum in Decline 大英博物館今不如昔
作者：JosieAppleton(作家)
譯者：黃美基(資深翻譯工作者)
Two weeks ago, Dr Robert Anderson stepped down as director of the British Museum in London, after 10 years in the position and 32 years working in UK national museums.
擔任大英博物館館長十年之久的羅伯•安德森博士，兩星期前離開了館長職位。他總共在英國的國家博物館服務了卅二年。
He leaves with the museum running millions of pounds in deficit, as a result of declining government funding (cut by around a third in real terms over the past 10 years), falling visitor numbers, and the increased costs of the new Great Court. The museum has been forced to rein in its work in many areas: cutting numbers of staff, reducing opening hours, cancelling exhibitions and installing a rota of closed galleries.
他離開館長職時，留下了幾百萬英鎊的赤字，原因是：政府補助減少 (過去十年裡，實質金額大約減少了三分之一)、參觀人數下滑，以及新建的大中庭的花費增加。博物館被迫在很多地方緊縮開支：裁減工作人員、縮短開放時間、取消展覽，以及輪流關閉各陳列館。
Sitting in his office in Bloomsbury, Anderson told me about the danger that the British Museum is now in, and the risk that special aspects of the museum might be eroded.
安德森博士坐在他位於 Bloomsbury 的辦公室，跟我們談大英博物館現在的困境，以及該博物館的特殊面貌恐遭破壞的危險。
The cutbacks in staff, he said, present a real threat to the high level of scholarship and expertise that are key to the museum.... And acquisition funds have been cut to a fraction of previous levels-from £1.65million in the mid-1980s to £100,000 this year.
他說，裁減員工，對於高等學術研究和專家鑑定工作是一大威脅，而這些又對博物館至關重要……入藏經費已減至過去的一小部分，從一九八○年代中期的165萬英鎊刪減至今年的十萬英鎊。
'...Recently, there are ways in which that critical mass has been eroded or might be. It is in very great danger.' A museum has to keep collecting and studying objects at a certain level to stay alive as an institution. Otherwise, it starts to become a museum of itself.
「……最近，參觀的人數因各種因素而減少，或可能減少。這情況相當危險。」一座博物館必須不斷地收藏並研究藏品，且有一定的水準，才是一個有生命力的公共機構。否則它就變成一座死的博物館了。
In a museum such as the British Museum, discoveries about the collections are constantly being made and added to public displays. Recently, scanning studies on one of the museum's Egyptian mummies, Artemidorus, revealed that he was probably killed by a blow to the head at the age of 20. From knowing the age of an Egyptian mummy, to knowing his identity, to knowing how he died...each discovery further illuminates the object on display.
在像大英博物館這樣的博物館裡，經常對藏品有新的發現，並加入公開展示中。最近對於館內一個埃及木乃伊Artemidorus所做的掃描研究，發現他可能是在廿歲那年被敲擊頭部致死。知道了這木乃伊的年齡，查明他的身分，再查明他的死因……，每一個發現，都會使我們對於所展示的藏品有更多了解。
Acquisitions are the lifeblood of museums.
Acquisitions are similarly vital: as Anderson says, they are 'the lifeblood of museums.' '...The British Museum has been particularly concerned to represent the twentieth century in the past few years. You don't have any ability to be able to do that when funding is this tight.'（PartⅠ）
入藏是博物館的生命力之所繫
入藏同樣重要，正如安德森所說，它們是「博物館的生命力之所繫」。「……過去幾年來，大英博物館特別著重於廿世紀的呈現。但如果經費如此緊縮，你就完全做不到。」
Interviewing At Warp Speed 速成求才法
羅耀宗（自由翻譯工作者）
Perhaps you've heard of speed dating─the hyper─condensed approach to courtship that has become a hip way for busy urbanites to meet other singles. Recently, a New York online-dating company adapted the craze as way to make a match with potential employees.
也許你聽過一見鍾情約會──一種超快速的婚友介紹方法，忙碌的都市單身男女趨之若鶩。紐約一家網路紅娘公司最近靈機一動，如法炮製，也用這招怪牌為公司尋覓良才。
With speed dating, a group of men and women meet in a restaurant or bar and each spend three minutes together to see whether they hit it off. Faced with a flood of resumes, Louis Kanganis, CEO of Spring Street Networks, tried a similar approach to fill business development positions. He invited about 40 job candidates to a Manhattan pub, and each candidate had 10 minutes to sell themselves while other candidates mingled at the bar. When the night was done, seven people were invited back for in-depth interviews; three people eventually got job offers.
舉辦一見鍾情約會活動時，一群男女在餐廳或酒吧見面，每一對花三分鐘時間相處，看看彼此是否投契。春街網路公司執行長康甘尼斯面對如潮水般擁來的履歷表，也試用類似的方法，為公司尋找拓展業務的人才。他邀請約四十位應徵者到曼哈頓一家酒吧，給每人十分鐘時間推銷自己，其他人則在酒吧內找人聊天。那晚結束後，七個人獲邀再做深入的面談；最後錄取三人。
Kanganis says he saw it as an interesting way to cut through a large number of applicants quickly. "So many people are looking for work. Our dilemma was the quality of resumes was so high, it was difficult to distinguish one person from the next."
康甘尼斯說，他覺得這種方法很有意思，可以快速過濾大量的應徵者。「找工作的人很多。我們感到為難的是，每份履歷表都寫得洋洋大觀，很難分出高下。」
A couple of candidates refused to be interviewed because they found the approach unprofessional, and Kanganis admits it wouldn't work with every position. But for a sales job, in which first impressions are critical, it fit.
有兩位應徵者拒絕接受面談，因為他們覺得這種方法不夠專業。康甘尼斯也承認，不是每種職務都適合使用這種方法。但是對業務人才來說，第一印象十分重要，所以非常適用。
"Perfect"〈完美〉
林文淇（中央大學英語系副教授）
Sometimes is never quite enough.
光是偶爾做到怎麼夠
If you're flawless, then you'll win my love.
如果你零缺點，你就會得到我的愛。
Don't forget to win first place.
別忘了要拿第一名
Don't forget to keep that smile on your face.
別忘了臉上帶著笑容
Be a good boy.
要做個乖兒子
Try a little harder.
再努力一點。
You've got to measure up
你一定要達到標準
And make me prouder.
讓我更感到驕傲。
How long before you screw it up?
你還要好久就會完蛋？
How many times do I have to tell you to hurry up?
我要告訴你多少遍，你才會快一點？
With everything I do for you
我為你做這做那，
The least you can do is keep quiet.
你至少閉嘴該可以吧。
Be a good girl.
做個乖女兒
You've gotta try a little harder.
妳得要再努力一點
That simply wasn't good enough
妳現在這麼差
To make us proud.
怎麼能讓我們感到驕傲
I'll live through you.
我會透過妳來生活
I'll make you what I never was.
我會讓你成為我不曾完成（夢寐以求？）的我，
If you're the best, then maybe so am I.
如果妳是人上人，那也許我也是
Compared to him, compared to her...
跟他比，跟她比···
I'm doing this for your own damn good.
我這麼做都是為了妳（他媽的）好，
You'll make up for what I blew.
妳要來彌補我過去弄咂的
What's the problem... Why are you crying?
幹什麼啊，你哭什麼？
Be a good boy.
做個乖兒子
Push a little farther now.
現在多加把勁
That wasn't fast enough
那速度不夠
To make us happy.
讓我們高興
We'll love you just the way you are if you're perfect.
你不管什麼樣子我們都會愛你，只要你完美
這首歌是加拿大歌手亞蘭妮斯•莫莉塞特一九九五年暢銷專輯《小碎藥丸》（Jagged Little Pills）裡的一首歌，諷刺現代父母對於子女幾近於殘酷的超高期望。許多父母不斷要子女爭第一名、追求卓越、完美，究竟是為了誰？只是彌補自己過去的遺憾？曲末最後一句說「我們不管你是什麼樣子都會愛你，只要你完美」，真的是未免也教子女太沈重了吧。就像這張專輯名稱中那顆搗碎的苦藥丸，有幾個小孩嚥得下去呢？
想想臺灣多少父母心就為了一個「不要輸在起跑點」的口號，就把英文、電腦、心算、珠算、作文、快速記憶、全能學習、潛力開發等等課程一股腦的往子女身上加（音樂、美術、舞蹈等等才藝有些小孩興趣還高，在此就不表了），也不管對子女的學習究竟是好是壞，反正先起跑準沒錯。
父母親，尤其是全職母親，花錢不說，投入的心血那也真是天地良心，一切只為下一代能夠出人頭地。遇到子女負荷不了稍有抱怨，那肚子裡日積月累下來，因為犧牲自己成就子女的委屈與怒氣真不是一句「子孫不孝」可以消氣。「你受不了，難道做母（父）親的我就快活啊！我這是為誰辛苦？為誰忙啊？你還不知感恩圖報？」
這首＜完美＞除了指出父母親在要求子女樣樣第一名時，忽略了子女痛苦指數的高升（「哭什麼？」）外，也點出有些雙親是將挽回自己過去失敗的不可能任務，以子女未來幸福為藉口強壓在子女身上？子女不過就像是個他們掌中的布偶，從三餐、小學、補習、交友，甚至未來中學、大學、就業、購屋、婚姻、子女已經無所不在他們按著自己認定的成功意義規劃好了。「我這是為誰辛苦？為誰忙啊？」聽在子女耳中，真是欲哭無淚。
給孩子們什麼樣的生活與教育才有意義？樣樣完美為了誰？會不會讓子女在成長過程中真的感受到成長的快樂，在自發學習中得到學習的的喜悅，才是確保他們日後可不斷複製與創造這份快樂的有所成就的真正保障？
英國老牌樂團平克•弗洛伊德（Pink Floyd）在一九七九年的《牆》(The Wall )這張專輯裡有一首歌＜母親＞，歌裡透過一連串的發問描寫小孩在成長的過程中極度需要母親的呵護與教育，但是往往過度保護小孩，甚至到了扼殺小孩的發展與自我空間只會造成悲劇：
Mother do you think they'll drop the bomb?
媽，妳想他們會丟下炸彈嗎？
Mother do you think they'll like this song?
媽，妳想他們會喜歡我這首歌嗎？
Mother do you think they'll try to break my balls?
媽，妳想他們會一直煩我（把我操得要死）嗎？
Mother should I build the wall?
媽，我是不是該把（保護）牆築起來？
Mother should I run for president?
媽，我該去選總統嗎？
Mother should I trust the government?
媽，我該相信政府嗎？
Mother will they put me in the firing line?
媽，他們會把我送上火線（最前線）嗎？
Mother am I really dying?
媽，我真的快死了嗎？
Hush now baby, baby, don't you cry.
乖，寶寶不要哭喔
Mother's gonna make all your nightmares come true.
媽媽會讓妳的惡夢都成真
Mother's gonna put all her fears into you.
媽媽會把自己的恐懼都加在你身上
Mother's gonna keep you right here under her wing.
媽媽會把你就留在她翅膀下面
She wont let you fly, but she might let you sing.
她不會讓你飛，不過可能會讓你唱歌
Mama will keep baby cozy and warm.
媽媽會讓你又舒適又暖活
...
Mother, did it need to be so high?
媽，（標準）真的需要那麼高嗎？
魯迅說「救救孩子們吧！」莫莉塞特跟平克•弗洛伊德的歌似乎唱著：「多給孩子們一些空間好呼吸成長吧！」
成功求職面試英語
《對話》
M: It's nice to meet you, Ms. Lin. （林小姐，很高興認識妳。）
W: It's nice to meet you, too. （我也很高興認識你。）
M: Did you have any trouble finding us? （你在找我們公司的過程中有任何問題嗎？）
W: No, you gave very good directions. （沒有，你給的指引很好。）
M: You must be familiar with the area. （妳一定對本區很熟。）
W: Yes, I only live 15 minutes from here. （是的，我家離這裏只有十五分鐘。）
M: Oh, that's convenient. （哦，那很方便。）
W: Yes, it is. （是的，很方便。）
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很高興認識你
It's nice to meet you. |
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2
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這上面說妳剛畢業
It says here you just graduated. |
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3
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我想改變一下職業
I am looking for a career change. |
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4
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我是國立台灣大學畢業
I graduated from National Taiwan University. |
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5
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你最喜歡那些科目？
What subjects did you enjoy the most? |
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6
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你曾參加那些課外活動？
What kind of activities were you involved in? |
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7
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你為什麼離職？
Why are you leaving? |
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8
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你最大的成就是什麼？
What is your greatest achievement? |
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9
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妳最喜歡什麼樣的工作？為什麼？
Which job did you enjoy the most? Why? |
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10
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那一個工作你最不喜歡？為什麼？
Which job did you enjoy the least and why |
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11
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你為什麼想加入我們公司？
Why do you want to join our organization? |
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12
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為什麼你認為你有資格做這個職位？
Why do you think you are qualified for this job? |
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13
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對於出差妳覺得如何？
How do you feel about traveling? |
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14
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在五年內，你想要做到什麼職位？
Where do you want to be in 5 years? |
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15
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你的優點是什麼？
What are your strengths? |
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16
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你認為你的缺點是什麼？
What do you consider your weaknesses? |
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17
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妳的同事會怎麼說妳？
What would your colleagues say about you? |
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18
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妳比較喜歡和什麼樣的人一起工作？
What type of people do you like working with? |
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19
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在壓力之下，妳仍然可以工作得很好嗎？
Do you work well under pressure? |
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20
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你有任何嗜好嗎？
Do you have any hobbies?. |
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21
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你目前待遇多少？
How much do you make now? |
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22
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你何時可以開始工作？
When will you be available to start? |
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23
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妳有任何問題嗎？
Do you have any questions? |
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這是我的榮幸
It was my pleasure. |
成功超級業務員英語
《對話》
M:Hello. I'm John Wang from Pacific Tech Company. （您好。我是太平洋科技公司的王約翰。）
I don't believe we've met before. （我相信我們從前沒見過面。）
W:No, I don't think we have. （是的，我想是沒有。）
My name is Susan Hope. （我的名字是蘇珊霍普。）
M:Well, it's very nice meeting you. （喔，很高興看到您。）
Do you have any suggestions about who I should speak with regarding sales?
（關於我們的業務，您可不可以建議，我應該跟誰談？）
W:Actually, the woman who does our purchasing is in a meeting now.
（事實上，幫我們做採購的那位女士現在在開會。）
So I will take you card. （那麼我先拿您的名片。）
M:Yes. Here is my card. （好的。這是我的名片。）
I will give you a call to follow up next week. （下個禮拜我再跟您打個電話看看。）
W:Thank you and nice meeting you. （謝謝您，很高興看到您。）
M:Nice to meet you, too. （我也很高興看到您。）
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首度業務拜訪
Here is my card. |
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業務自我介紹
We all played golf together |
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3
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初步推銷產品
What you have right here is all you need |
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4
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保證品質第一
Our product is 100% trouble-free |
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電話行銷第一步
Is your manager available now? |
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6
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有效的業務會面
That's why I came to see you |
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7
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高等行銷用語
I promise you won't be disappointed |
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8
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強調有利客戶
It will save your time and money |
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包君滿意
Your satisfaction is guaranteed |
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引導客戶成交
This could be your only chance |
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11
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價格及利率
We always offer lower rates |
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12
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尋找產品
May I help you find something? |
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13
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透過電話介紹產品
I just have the car you've been looking for |
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14
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帶領客戶參觀
Come for a tour |
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15
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客戶要求修改規格
We can set it up for you |
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16
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付款條件說明
We take cash only |
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17
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客戶討價還價
What's your bottom line price? |
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不二價
My price is firm |
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最後底價
This is my final price |
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20
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商談合約條件
We can try to work them out. |
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合約法律問題
I need for my attorney to look this over. |
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最後簽定合約
Are you ready to sign? |
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直接接觸決策者
Contact with someone of the Central Office |
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售後與客戶聯絡
I am here to help you |
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處理客戶的抱怨
Sorry about that |
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26
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安排補救服務
Our repairman can come to you |
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與國外聯絡事宜
I will keep you posted |
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收集國外資訊
Finding contacts overseas |
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參加國際商展
International Trade Show |
實用國際商展英語
《對話》
M:Hello. （您好。）
May I help you? （可以為您效勞嗎？）
W:I would like to register for the trade show. （我想要參加這個產品展。）
M:Have you sent your registration form and money yet? （你已經把你的報名表和報名費都寄出了嗎？）
W:No, can I register over the phone? （還沒有，我能不能在電話中報名呢？）
M:Do you have a major credit card? （你有沒有主要的信用卡？）
W:Yes, I do. （有，我有。）
M:OK, then you can sign up over the phone. （那好，您可以在電話中報名。）
I will give you the details. （我會把細節向你說明。）
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預訂展示位置
Reserving a Space in the Trade Show |
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2
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查詢參展費用
Checking the Cost of Attendance |
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3
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安排展示物的運送
Arranging Shipping for the Display |
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4
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安排參展旅行
Arrange Travel |
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5
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讓展示更有吸引力
Making an Attractive Display |
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6
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設立攤位並與其他參展單位交流
Setting up the Display-Networking with Exhibitors |
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7
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僱用當地翻譯員
Hiring a Local Interpreter |
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8
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尋找國外代理人或代表
Looking for a Foreign Agent-Representative |
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9
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取消參展
Cancellation of Attendance to the Show |
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10
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建議共用攤位
Proposing a Shared Booth |
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展覽第一天-一般事務
First Day of the Show-General Conduct |
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12
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蒐集國外市場資料
Collecting Information of Overseas Market |
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介紹產品及人員
Introduction of Products & People |
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詢問與處理問題
Asking and Handling Questions |
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15
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銷售發表會與展示
Sales Presentation-Demostration |
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買主的反應
Buyer Response |
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價格談判
Price Negotiations |
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展示最後一天
Last Day of Show |
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展覽之後拆卸裝置
After the Show-Tearing Down |
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最後結束手續
Checking out |
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展期的夜晚時間
After Hours |
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22
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展覽後電話追蹤
Telephone Follow-Up |
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23
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展覽後書面追蹤
Written Follow-Up |
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展覽後追蹤拜訪
Follow-Up Visit |
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分析展覽成效
Analyzing the Productivity of the Show |
實用魅力公關英語
《對話》
W:Hello, Mr. Smith. How are you today? （您好，史密斯先生。今天好嗎？）
M:I'm fine. How about you? （我很好，你呢？）
W:I'm wonderful. （我很好。）
How is your wife, Betty, doing? （您太太貝蒂身體好嗎？）
Did she get over that terrible cold? （她重感冒好了嗎？）
M:Yes, thank you for asking. （好了。謝謝你的關心。）
She's much better now. （她現在好多了。）
In fact, she mentioned just yesterday how she'd love to have you over to dinner
again soon. （其實，她昨天還說想很快又能請你到我家來吃頓飯。）
W:I'd love to anytime, just call me when you get a date in mind.
（我什麼時間都行。您日子決定後給我個電話。）
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寒暄
How are you today? |
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2
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關懷商務
I understand you have something planned |
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3
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拉近距離
What a coincidence |
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4
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以電話自我介紹
Self-introduction over the phone |
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5
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安排會面
Setting up a meeting |
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6
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合作愉快
It's a pleasure working with you |
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7
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為公司促銷
We are one of the top agencies |
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8
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以文宣資料介紹公司
The numbers are in this packet. |
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9
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感謝同仁
You've done a great job |
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10
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要求傳真新聞稿
Fax me a press please |
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11
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提供新聞稿給媒體
I have a press kit for you |
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12
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廣電媒體運作
Include the topic in your show |
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13
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得到迴響
We're getting a lot of feedback |
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14
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主持記者招待會
I want to thank you for coming |
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15
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回答會中記者問題
I'm glad you asked that. |
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16
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結束記者招待會
Thank you all for your time |
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17
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更正媒體的錯誤訊息
I need to make a correction |
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18
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向媒體提出抗議
I am very disappointed |
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19
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示範邀請卡寫法
Invitations |
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20
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接受宴會邀請
We accept your invitation |
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21
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準備英語演講稿
Mr.Jones needs a twenty-minute speech |
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22
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租借演講場地
We were hoping to use your facilities |
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23
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準備演講開場白
Begin by welcoming the audience |
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演講中的幽默
Should I include humor? |
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25
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演講結語
In closing, I want to thank you all |
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26
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舉辦產品促銷活動
We can hold a big dance |
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27
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舉辦社區活動
Community campaign |
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28
|
顧客要求退款
I demand my money back |
|
29
|
消費者的抗議
No, it's this simple! |
|
30
|
向客戶更正錯誤
I gave you the wrong impression |
實用電話英語
|
1
|
It's ringing!（電話響了！） Could you answer the phone? （請接一下電話好嗎？） |
|
2
|
I'll get it! 我來接（電話）！ May I speak to Janet, please?（請幫我接珍妮？） |
|
3
|
Please connect me with
Jason.（請幫我接傑生。） Could you put me through to Mr. Smith? （麻煩請史密斯先生聽電話？） |
|
4
|
Is Jason
available?（傑生在嗎？） Is Jason there?（傑生在嗎？） |
|
5
|
Is Jason home?（傑生在家嗎？） Speaking.（我就是。） |
|
6
|
Is that you?（是你嗎？） I just tried to call you.（我正想打電話給你。） |
|
7
|
Who is this?（您是哪一位？） It's David here.（我是大衛。） |
|
8
|
I've been expecting your
call.（我一直在等你的電話。） What can I do for you?（有什麼需要我服務的嗎？） |
|
9
|
I'm calling about my
broken-down car. （我打來是詢問我出了毛病的車子。） Is it O.K. for you to talk now? （你現在方便講電話嗎？） |
|
10
|
Please hold.（請稍候。） Could you hold the line?（你可以稍等一下嗎？） |
|
11
|
Please don't hang
up.（請不要掛斷電話。） I'll put him on the phone.（我來讓他接聽電話。） |
|
12
|
Her extension is 36.
（她的分機號碼是36。） I'll transfer your call. （我幫您轉接。） |
|
13
|
I'll put you on
hold.（麻煩您在線上稍等一下。） He is on another line.（他在接另一通電話。） |
|
14
|
She is on line
one.（她在一線上。） He is on the phone.（他在電話中。） |
|
15
|
Her line is
engaged.（她的電話佔線。） Would you like to hold? （你要在電話線上稍等一下嗎？） |
|
16
|
I'm afraid he isn`t here
right now. （我想他現在不在吧。） He's just stepped out.（他剛出去了。） |
|
17
|
She's not at her desk.
（她現在不在位子上。） He's tied up at the moment. （他現在忙得不可開交。） |
|
18
|
He is in a meeting right
now.（他現在在會議中。） He can't come to the phone right now. （他現在不方便接聽電話。） |
|
19
|
Would you like to talk to
someone else? （讓別人來接聽電話好嗎？） Do you know when she will be back? （你知道她什麼時候會回來嗎？） |
|
20
|
She'll be back in 20
minutes. （她二十分鐘後會回來。） Could you call back a little later? （您要等會兒再打來嗎？） |
|
21
|
I've been on hold for a
long time! （我在電話中等很久了。） I'm sorry to have kept you waiting. （對不起讓您久等了。） |
|
22
|
Thank you for
holding.（謝謝您等這麼久。） I can't hear you very well.（我聽不清楚你說什麼。） |
|
23
|
The reception is really
bad here. （這裡的收訊很差。） Could you speak up a little? （你能不能講大聲一點？） |
|
24
|
Could you say that
again?（你能再說一遍嗎？） I'll get someone to help you.（我請別人來接聽。） |
|
25
|
May I ask who's
calling?（請問您哪裡找？） Would you like to leave a message? （您要留言嗎？） |
|
26
|
Should I give him a
message? （要我留言給他嗎？） Could I have him call you back? （您要我請他回你電話嗎？） |
|
27
|
Tell her to call
Jason.（請她回電話給傑生。） Could you tell him that Jason called? （能不能告訴他傑生找他？） |
|
28
|
Have her give me a
call.（請她打電話給我。） Does he have your number ? （他有你的（電話）號碼嗎？） |
|
29
|
My number is
729-3456.（我的電話號碼是729-3456。） I'll give him the message.（我會留言給他的。） |
|
30
|
I'll call back
later.（我等會兒再打來。） I left a message on her voice mail. （我在她的語音信箱裡留了言。） |
完全購物英語
《對話》
A：Can I help you with anything? 我可以幫忙嗎？
B：I want to buy something special for my friends. 我想幫朋友買點特別的東西。
A：Take a look at these jade rings. They're 100% pure jade. 來看看這些玉戒指，都是百分之百純玉的。
---------------------------
A：We sell some traditional products, like
handicrafts and music. 我們有一些傳統產品，像是手工藝品和音樂。
B：What kind of music do you have? 你們有什麼樣的音樂？
A：This CD has music played on traditional instruments. 這片CD是傳統樂器演奏的音樂。
---------------------------
A：I want to buy some souvenirs. 我想買一些紀念品。
B：How about these aboriginal statues? 這些原住民雕像怎麼樣？
A：OK, I'll take one of those. 好，我就帶其中一個。
---------------------------
A：Can you recommend a special gift? 你可以推薦特別的禮物嗎？
B：How about a Chinese name chop? 中國姓名圖章怎麼樣？
A：OK, that sounds perfect. 好的，聽起來很棒。
B：I can make a Chinese name for your friend. 我可以替你的朋友取一個中文名字。
---------------------------
A：How do you like this scroll? 您喜歡這幅卷軸嗎？
B：It's beautiful. What do these characters mean? 好漂亮。這些字是什麼意思？
A：Its a wish of good luck for you and your family. 這是祝福您和全家好運的意思。
---------------------------------
A：Who is this statue of? 這是誰的雕像？
B：That's Kuan Yin, the goddess of mercy. 那是觀世音菩薩，是象徵仁慈寬容的女神。
A：It's very pretty. How much does it cost? 好漂亮。這支多少錢？
B：It's 3,500 NT dollars. 三千五百元。
A：Wow, that's expensive! 哇，好貴！
B：That's because the beads are made of crystal. 因為這些珠子是水晶的。
本文中英文內容由美國在臺協會臺北辦事處提供
The great struggles of the twentieth century between liberty and totalitarianism ended with a decisive victory for the forces of freedom─and a single sustainable model for national success: freedom, democracy, and free enterprise. In the twenty-first century, only nations that share a commitment to protecting basic human rights and guaranteeing political and economic freedom will be able to unleash the potential of their people and assure their future prosperity. People everywhere want to be able to speak freely; choose who will govern them; worship as they please; educate their children─male and female; own property; and enjoy the benefits of their labor. These values of freedom are right and true for every person, in every society─and the duty of protecting these values against their enemies is the common calling of freedom-loving people across the globe and across the ages.
二十世紀自由和專制主義之間的大決戰以自由之師的決定性勝利而告終──實現國家富強唯一持久有效的模式是：自由、民主和自由企業。在二十一世紀，只有共同承諾保護基本人權，保障政治和經濟自由的國家才能發揮本國人民的潛力，切實保證他們有繁榮的前景。任何一個地方的人都希望能享有言論自由；能選擇由誰來實行治理；能按自己的願望祈禱；能讓他們的子女接受教育，不論是男孩還是女孩；能擁有財產；能享受他們的勞動果實。這些自由的價值觀完全適用於每一個人和每一個社會──肩負保護這些價值觀不受敵人侵犯的責任，是全世界熱愛自由的男女老少的共同呼聲。
Today, the United States enjoys a position of unparalleled military strength and great economic and political influence. In keeping with our heritage and principles, we do not use our strength to press for unilateral advantage. We seek instead to create a balance of power that favors human freedom: conditions in which all nations and all societies can choose for themselves the rewards and challenges of political and economic liberty. In a world that is safe, people will be able to make their own lives better. We will defend the peace by fighting terrorists and tyrants. We will preserve the peace by building good relations among the great powers. We will extend the peace by encouraging free and open societies on every continent.
今天，美國具有無可比擬的軍事實力和舉足輕重的經濟和政治影響。我們遵照我們的傳統和原則，從不利用我們的實力要求獲取單方面的利益。相反，我們努力創造有利於人類自由的均勢：創造條件使所有的國家和社會都能從中為自己選擇政治和經濟自由帶來的成果和挑戰。只有在一個安全的世界裏，人們才能改善自己的生活。我們將抗擊恐怖主義分子和暴君以保衛和平。我們將在大國間建立良好關係以維護和平。我們將在各大洲促進社會自由和開放以擴大和平。
Defending our Nation against its enemies is the first and fundamental commitment of the Federal Government. Today, that task has changed dramatically. Enemies in the past needed great armies and great industrial capabilities to endanger America. Now, shadowy networks of individuals can bring great chaos and suffering to our shores for less than it costs to purchase a single tank. Terrorists are organized to penetrate open societies and to turn the power of modern technologies against us.
保衛我們的國家，抗擊敵人，是聯邦政府最根本的首要職責。今天，這個任務已發生根本的改變。過去，敵人需要依靠大批軍隊和發達的工業才能威脅美國。而現在，躲在陰暗角落的個人組成的網路用比購買一輛坦克還少的代價，就能在我國國土上造成極大的混亂和痛苦。恐怖主義分子相互勾結的目的是向開放社會進行滲透並利用現代技術對我們實施攻擊。
The U. S. must make use of every tool to defeat the threat of terrorists
美國必須利用一切力量戰勝恐怖分子的威脅
To defeat this threat we must make use of every tool in our arsenal─military power, better homeland defenses, law enforcement, intelligence, and vigorous efforts to cut off terrorist financing. The war against terrorists of global reach is a global enterprise of uncertain duration. America will help nations that need our assistance in combating terror. And America will hold to account nations that are compromised by terror, including those who harbor terrorists─because the allies of terror are the enemies of civilization. The United States and countries cooperating with us must not allow the terrorists to develop new home bases. Together, we will seek to deny them sanctuary at every turn.（PartⅠ）
為了戰勝這一威脅，我們必須利用擁有的一切手段──軍事力量、加強國土保衛、執法、情報及積極切斷恐怖主義分子的經費來源。這場打擊遍及全球的恐怖主義分子的戰爭是一項持久的全球性任務。美國將幫助需要我們援助的國家開展打擊恐怖的行動。美國將追究那些姑息恐怖的國家，包括那些庇護恐怖主義分子的國家，因為與恐怖為伍就是與文明為敵。美國和與我們合作的國家絕不允許恐怖主義分子建立新的巢穴。我們將努力使他們無論何時何地都無法得到庇護所。
人們最不敢承認的事情是什麼？貪好杯中物？縱情聲色？都不是。人最難以啟齒的是工作壓力沉重到自己應付不來。然而在經濟不景氣的此刻，工作壓力卻有增無減。最近行政院勞工委員會決定從寬分析職業病審查標準，希望能夠盡速提出「過勞死」（Karoshi，從日文而來）案例的「量化」審查基準，以利勞工申請職業災害給付。這個決定，反映了工作壓力與日俱增的事實，也再度引起勞工關切工作過度勞累或身心壓力過大的問題。
美國《財星》（Fortune）雜誌 10 月 28 日以 ''The Last Taboo'' 為題，在網路上刊出系列文章，探討這個禁忌話題，本文摘譯其中若干，說明企業員工，尤其是高層主管，承受巨大的壓力卻有苦難言的原因。原文網址為：http://www.fortune.com/indexw.jhtml?channel=artcol jhtml&doc_id=209802。
A host of new studies and plenty of anecdotal evidence show that stress in the workplace is skyrocketing. Blame it on the economy, terrorism, the new 24/7 workweek, corporate scandals─did we mention the economy? Whatever the cause, stress levels are at record highs.
最近不少研究報告，以及我們耳聞目睹的許多真實故事，在在顯示職場壓力不斷激升。原因可能出在經濟不振；恐怖主義；一周工作七天，每天二十四小時的新工作型態；企業界醜聞頻傳──我們剛有提到經濟嗎？不管原因為何，總之，壓力之大，前所未見。
The statistics are startling. According to a new study by the federal government's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, more than half the working people in the U.S. view job stress as a major problem in their lives. That's more than double the percentage in similar studies a decade ago. The number of people who called in sick due to stress has tripled in the past four years.
相關的統計數字十分嚇人。根據美國聯邦政府的全國職業安全衛生研究所最近發表的研究報告，美國一半以上的勞工，視工作壓力為生活中的重大問題，是十年前類似研究所得百分率的兩倍以上。過去四年，因為壓力難以承受，臨時打電話請病假的人數，增為三倍。
Dr. Scott Stacy, clinical program director of the Professional Renewal Center, estimates that the average executive will skate dangerously close to burning out two or three times in his career. And the price tag is high. The American Institute of Stress, a research group, estimates that stress and the ills it can cause─absenteeism, burnout, mental health problems─cost American business more than $300 billion a year.
專業人士更生中心的臨床教育主任史泰西估計，一般高階主管在整個事業生涯中，會有兩三次瀕臨心力交瘁的險境。而且這方面付出的代價很高。美國精神壓力研究所估計，美國企業因為壓力和壓力產生的問題，如缺勤、身心俱疲、心理健康毛病，一年承擔三億美元以上的成本。
What's notable about today's wave of stressed-out workers is that it rises all the way to the top. Lack of control is generally considered one of the biggest job stressors, so it used to be thought that middle managers carried the brunt: Sandwiched between the top and the bottom, they end up with little authority. Powerful CEOs were seen as the least threatened by stress. But in today's tough economy, top executives don't have as much control as they used to. Now that the corner suite has become scandal central, senior executives are complaining that they can't get anyone to listen to them─the very same stressor cited most commonly by those at the bottom of the ladder. Then there's the "stress of success": CEOs who perform exceptionally well are often expected to do just as well in every other aspect of their lives, an impossible standard to meet.
目前這一波勞工壓力過大的現象，最引人注目的地方，是連高層主管也無法倖免。一般認為，力不從心，是工作上最大的壓力源之一，所以人們以前認為中階經理人首當其衝：夾在高層和基層之間，到頭來有責無權。位高權重的執行長被認為最不受壓力威脅。但在今天艱困的經濟環境中，高層主管不再像以前那麼長袖善舞。現在，高層主管的辦公室更成了醜聞的發源地，他們不免抱怨沒人理會他們在說些什麼──正好和企業底層員工最常提及的壓力源相同。此外，還有「成功的壓力」作崇：表現非常出色的執行長，人們也常期望他們在生活上的其他每個層面一樣可圈可點，而這是不可能達成的標準。
"Stress is just part of the job," says Alexandra Lebenthal, CEO of Wall Street securities firm Lebenthal & Co. "......What I need is a vacation."
「壓力是工作上不可免的一部分，」華爾街證券業者雷本索公司的執行長雷本索說。「……我需要的是度個假。」
But if you think that going on vacation is hard─and studies show that 85% of corporate executives don't use all the time off they're entitled to─seeking treatment for stress is even harder. Being able to handle stress is perhaps the most basic of job expectations; it is at the core of not just doing good work but doing work, period. So among the corporate elite, succumbing to it is considered a shameful weakness.... While some executives may talk openly about their problems with alcohol, sex addiction, depression, and dyslexia, stress has become the last affliction that people won't dare admit to.
如果你覺得度假談何容易──研究顯示 85% 的企業高階主管沒有把應休的假休完──那麼就醫診療，以求紓解壓力，恐怕更難。有能力處理壓力，或許是最基本的工作期望；於是人們不只努力把工作做好，更且只顧埋頭苦幹。因此對企業菁英來說，屈服在壓力之下，被認為是很丟臉的弱點。……有些高階主管可能願意公開談論他們在酗酒、性慾、消沉和閱讀障礙等方面的問題，壓力卻是他們最難以啟齒的苦惱。
☉Conversation
Good morning. It's a pleasure for
me to be here in front of you to present myself. My name is Jennifer Wong, and I
am a candidate for the position of Overseas Sales Representative.
My background and work experience are tailor-made for this position. I studied
marketing as an undergrad here in Taiwan, and in 1985, I received my MBA from
the University of Texas School of Business. For five years now, I have utilized
my skills and knowledge as the Assistant Director of Exports for Magic Kitchen
Supplies.
☉會話
早安。很高興能在這兒跟各位介紹自己：我是Jennifer Wong，來此應徵海外業務代表。
我的背景和工作經驗使我足以勝任這份業務代表的工作；我在台灣唸大學，是主修行銷，一九八五年，再從美國德州大學的商學院得到企管碩士的學位。過去五年來，我以這些專業知識及技巧擔任神奇廚具用品公司的外銷部副主任。
接待外國商旅
情境假想
•Howard是Active Sports的業務部主任，通常國外的買主來台北談生意即由他負責。Tom
Chambers是一位美國的大客戶，今日來台洽談業務，Howard親自去接機。
T: Howard! Great to see you again!
H:Good to see you too, Tom. How was the flight?
T: Good. No holdups at the airport, and the flight was comfortable. I was able
to take a nap on the way over.
H:Good. Do you have any jet lag?
T: No, not now. I adjusted to the time difference while I was in Korea and Hong
Kong, so I'll be all right.
H:That's good. I always get bad jet lag when I travel.
T:Hmm. So, how is your wife doing, Howard?
H:She's doing fine, thank you. And how is the family?
T:Fine, thanks. My wife wanted me to say thank you for your gift last time. She
liked the jewelry box very much.
H: Oh, it was nothing. I'm glad she liked it.
T:Howard！真高興再見到你！
H:我也很高興見到你。這趟飛得還順利吧？
T:很好。在機場沒有延誤，這一路也很舒適。我還在飛機上睡了一會兒呢！
H:那好！會不會還不太適應時差？
T:現在不會。我在韓國、香港的時候，就漸漸適應時差了，所以應該沒有時差問題。
H:那就好。像我每次旅行都很難適應時差。
T:嗯...那嫂夫人最近好嗎?
H:很好，謝謝。你的家人都好嗎？
T:很好！謝謝。我太太要我代她謝謝你上回送的禮物，她很喜歡那個珠寶盒。
H:噢，小意思，她喜歡就好。
海外商務旅遊
情境假想
•David飛抵西雅圖後，由此間的國際機場入境美國。隨著旅客魚貫進入海關，他也在一旁排隊等候。已是識途老馬的他，成竹在胸地準備回答移民官員的問話。
A: Good afternoon, sir. May I see your passport, please?
D: Of course. Here you are.
A: What is the purpose of your visit? Business or pleasure?
D: Business. I have a number of meetings to go to.
A: I see. How long will you be staying in the U.S.?
D: Two weeks. I'll be leaving on June 10th.
A: Where do you intend to visit while in the country?
D: Seattle first, then I'll be heading on to the east coast.
午安，先生。請出示您的護照好嗎？
好，就在這裡。
您此行的目的是什麼？商務還是觀光？
是商務。我要參加好幾個會議。
是的。那您準備在美國停留多久？
兩個星期。我預備在6月10號離開。
您在本國停留期間打算去哪些地方？
先到西雅圖，然後再前往東岸。
他們為什麼討厭美國？
黃晶晶（師範大學翻譯研究所兼任講師）
Globalization is in so many ways Americanization: globalization wears Mickey Mouse ears, it drinks Pepsi and Coke, eats Big Macs, does its computing on an IBM laptop with Windows. Many societies around the world can't get enough of it, but others see it as a fundamental threat.
就諸多層面觀之，「全球化」就是「美國化」。全球化戴著米老鼠的耳朵，喝著百事可樂和可口可樂，吃著麥香堡，打著灌有視窗軟體的 IBM 筆記型電腦。世界上許多國家渴望接受全球化的洗禮，卻也有些國家視全球化為洪水猛獸。
As historian Ronald Steel has pointed out, for the rest of the world, Americans are wild, crazy revolutionaries, with rings in their noses and paint on their toes, overturning cultures and traditions wherever they go. "Americans lead an economic system that has effectively buried every other form of production and distribution－leaving great wealth and sometimes great ruin in its wake. The cultural messages they transmit through Hollywood and McDonald's go out across the world to capture and also undermine other societies. They are the apostles of globalization, the enemies of tradition and hierarchy," says Steel.
歷史學家 Ronald Steel 指出，在世人的眼中，美國人是野蠻瘋狂的革命分子，他們鼻子穿環、腳趾塗鴉，凡行過一地必顛覆當地的文化傳統。Steel 說：「美國的經濟體系著實埋葬了所有其他的生產與分配模式，它帶來了財富，但有時毀滅亦隨之而至。好萊塢與麥當勞傳播著文化訊息，席捲全球，侵蝕其他的社會。他們是全球化的傳教者，也是傳統與體制的敵人。」
The American message particularly tells young people around the world that Americans have a better way than their fathers. This is why the Osama bin Ladens constantly speak of "American arrogance" and how America is "emasculating" the Muslims. That's why they just want to kill America.
美國向全世界的年輕人傳佈著一項訊息，告訴他們美國的一切都比他們的祖先優越。這說明了賓拉登的信徒們不時掛在嘴邊的「傲慢的美國人」，以及美國「閹割」穆斯林的說法。這也說明了為什麼他們想殺光美國人。
I asked the gutsy young editor of Al Wasat, the first independent newspaper allowed in Bahrain, about the roots of 911. He said, "The root is that if you squash freedom, insult this person and just give him money, he transfers all this money into revenge, because of having lost his dignity. And all of a sudden someone comes and tells him that the cause of all that is this global power [America], which has insulated us, which continues to look at us as a bunch of nothings, who are basically eating and sleeping and going after women. This lack of respect as a dignified person has resulted in a bin Laden phenomenon."
Al Wasat是第一分允許在巴林國發行的獨立報紙，我向該報活力洋溢的年輕編輯問起九一一事件的根源。他說：「根源在於，如果你壓榨一個人的自由，羞辱他，只給他錢，那麼他將因為喪失尊嚴而把所有的錢轉化為報復。此時突然有人跑來告訴他，這一切都是美國造成的。美國以世界強權的姿態，孤立我們，把我們視為只會吃飯、睡覺、找女人的一群畜牲。美國不斷漠視我們做為人的尊嚴，因此導致賓拉登現象。」
If the 911 attack was the Pearl Harbor of World War III, it means there is a long, long war ahead. And this Third World War pits America－the world's only superpower and quintessential symbol of liberal, free-market, Western values－not against another state, but against all the angry men and women out there who resent America's influence over their lives, politics and children.
如果九一一恐怖攻擊是第三次世界大戰的珍珠港事件，則一場漫長的戰爭於焉展開。美國這個舉世無雙的超級強國，以及開放、自由市場與西方價值觀的精神象徵，所面對的敵人將不是另一個國家，而是全球各地憤怒的男男女女，一群厭惡美國影響他們生活、政治與子女的人們。
作者：Melinda Liu
譯者：李凱弟（行政院同步輻射研究中心副研究員）
本文摘譯自 Newsweek, Oct. 28, 2002。
Space travel is deeply imprinted on the Chinese imagination. Ever since China's first rocket hurtled toward the heavens in 1970, millions of Chinese have dreamed of the day their country would reach up and explore the stars. Postage stamps bear satellite images; sci-fi magazines envisage Chinese rocket men on the moon. China's indigenously produced spacecraft－Shenzhou (or Divine Vessel)－is frequently featured on consumer goods, from mobile-phone cards to water heaters. And Beijing doesn't plan to let its people down.
太空旅行深植在中國大陸人民的想像之中，自從中國大陸的第一枚火箭在 1970 年衝向蒼穹之後，千百萬的人們就夢想著有一天他們的國家能夠上窮碧落、探索星空：郵票上印著人造衛星的圖像，科幻雜誌想像著中國大陸太空人在月球上，中國大陸自己製造的太空船──神舟號──的圖像經常在商品上出現，從行動電話卡到熱水器都有，而北京沒想讓它的人民失望。
Chinese scientists expect to shoot for the moon by 2010. This voyage will then be followed by setting up a base camp, "as we did at the South and North Poles," says Ouyang Ziyuan, a prominent scientist. That's just for starters. Ye Zili, head of China's Space Science Society, predicts that once Chinese astronauts land on the moon, "we'll do more than just set up a flag or pick up a piece of rock."
中國大陸科學家打算在 2010 年之前航向月球，緊接著這個旅程之後就是基地的建立，「如同我們在南北極建立基地一樣」，歐陽自遠（譯音），一位著名的科學家說，而這只是一個開端而已；中國大陸航天學會的會長葉自立（譯音）預測，一旦中國大陸太空人登陸了月球，「我們將不只是撐起一面旗或撿起一塊石頭而已」。
Those are bold words－and for a space program that just had its first successful unmanned launch in 1999, an equally bold schedule. But the natural question for many outsiders in the West is simply: why bother? What's the big deal about being third in space, behind Washington and Moscow? Yes, missiles and rocket launches have a lot in common, but if you are talking about advancements in military technology, most don't require a manned space program. Even bullish aerospace expert Ye confesses that China's goal of putting a man on the moon will be, er, "astronomically expensive." At a time when Beijing is scrambling to feed and house hundreds of millions of poor farmers and laid-off workers, such a drain on the national income seems extravagant at best.
這些是豪放的言辭──而對一個在 1999 年才首次成功地發射了無人太空船的太空計畫而言，也一樣是大膽的時程，但是對西方世界許多外人而言，一個自然的問題簡單地來說就是：何必勞神呢？到底成為世界第三，在華盛頓與莫斯科之後，有什麼了不起呢？是的，飛彈和火箭的發射有許多共通之處，但是如果你談到軍事技術上的進展，它們大部分並不需要載人太空計畫，即使熱中的太空專家葉先生也承認中國大陸送人登上月球的目標將是，呃，「天文數字一樣的昂貴」，當北京到處張羅要提供數億貧窮的農人和失業的工人食住需求時，在國家財力上如此的消耗似乎不足以用奢華二字來形容。
作者：Nicholas D. Kristof
譯者：亦勤(自由翻譯工作者)
Quick, what's 6 + 8 - 7 + 6 + 5?
快，6 + 8 - 7 + 6 + 5 等於幾？
If you knew instantaneously that the answer is 18, without having to pause even a second, then congratulations! You're as bright as a Shanghai kindergarten student－calculating in his or her third language.
如果你立即知道答案是 18，連一秒都不遲疑，那麼恭喜了，你和上海的幼稚園學生以第二外語算數學時一樣敏捷。
I've met the future, and it is these kids. Americans who come to China tend to be most dazzled by glittering new skyscrapers like the 1,380-foot Jin Mao Tower, but the most awesome aspect of China's modernization is the education that children are getting in the big cities. And the long-run competitive challenge we Americans face from China will have less to do with its skylines, army or industry than with its Super Kids, like Tony Xu.
我在這些孩子的身上看到未來。美國人到了中國大陸，最容易因為閃亮耀眼的新摩天大樓而目眩神暈，例如高達 1,380 呎的金茂大廈。但是中國大陸現代化最教人肅然起敬的一面，是大城市中兒童所受的教育。中國大陸對美國所發出的長期競賽挑戰，不在於城市空中輪廓線、軍隊或產業，而在於像東尼•徐一樣的「超級兒童」。
Tony's real name is Xu Jun, but all the children entering the New Century Kindergarten that he attends get English names as well. Six-year-old Tony's first languages are Mandarin Chinese and Shanghainese, but even in English he rattled off answers to equations faster than I could. It was embarrassing when I posed my own question to him, 10 + 5 - 1 - 4 + 5, and he answered 15 before I could tell if he was right. I want a refund on my college tuition.
東尼的本名叫徐軍（音譯），但是在他所就讀的新世紀幼稚園裡，每位小朋友都有英文名字。六歲的東尼以國語和上海話為母語，但即使使用英文他也能飛快地解答算式，比我來得快。我出了個問題考他，10 + 5 - 1 - 4 + 5，說來尷尬，在我能夠判定正確不正確之前他就算出來是 15。我想我的大學是白讀了。
Parents pay about $2,000, a huge sum here, to send a child to a year of such a private kindergarten. But since urban Chinese families now have only one child each, no expense is too great for one's "little emperor." Throughout China, first-rate private schools are popping up, as the Chinese saying goes, like bamboo shoots after a spring rain.
家長將孩子送到這樣的私立幼稚園一年要付大約 2000 美元，在當地是筆大數目。但因為現在都市中每個家庭中僅有一個孩子，為了家中的「小皇帝」，再多開支也在所不惜。一流的私立學校在整個中國大陸有如俗語形容的「雨後春筍」般地冒出來。
Of course Chinese education is still hobbled by rural mud-brick schools that are in a shambles, by peasants who pull their daughters out of school, by third-rate universities. But China's great strength is that in the cities, it increasingly is not a Communist country or a socialist country, but simply an education country.
當然，鄉下敗壞傾倒的泥磚學校、強迫女兒輟學的農人和三流的大學仍令中國大陸教育步履蹣跚。但大陸的強項在於各個城市中，它越來越不像是個共產或社會主義國家，而就像個教育國家。
When I lived in China I represented Harvard in interviewing high school students applying for admission, and it was a humbling experience. The SAT isn't offered in China, so instead the kids take the G.R.E.－meant for people applying to graduate school－and still score in the top percentiles. And while many of my Chinese friends worry that the system works children too hard and costs them their childhood, the brightest kids are not automatons; many are serious enthusiasts of art, music, poetry or, these days, the basketball plays of Yao Ming.
我住在大陸時，曾代表哈佛大學面試申請入學的高中生，那經驗教人汗顏。在中國大陸並不舉行 SAT 測驗，因此孩子們就考 GRE──原本是給申請研究所的人考的──而且還名列前茅。我的許多大陸友人擔心教育體系把孩子逼得太緊，令他們失去童年，但在此同時，這些最聰穎的孩子也不全是讀書機器；其中許多相當熱衷藝術、音樂、詩詞，或是近來姚明的籃球表現。
The other day I visited one of Shanghai's best high schools, the No. 2 Secondary School Attached to East China Normal University. American students who are proud to have earned a perfect score of twin 800's on the SAT should meet the 17-year-old student here who last year got a perfect score of three 800's on the G.R.E.
另一天我參觀了上海最好的高中之一──東華師範大學第二附屬中學。美國學生在 SAT測驗拿了兩個八百的滿分而得意洋洋，應該來見見這裡的十七歲學生，去年在 GRE 測驗中拿了三個八百的滿分。
He Xiaowen, the principal, showed off 14 gold medals that students have earned in the international math and science Olympics. When I asked if she had any problems with students smoking or drinking, she looked so scandalized that I might have been sent to the principal's office, if I hadn't already been there.
校長何曉文炫耀著學生在國際數學和科學奧林匹亞競賽中所贏來的 14 面金牌。當我詢問她，學生是否有任何抽煙或喝酒方面的問題時，她看來深受冒犯，好像如果我人不是已經在裡面的話，必定會被押到校長室。
One reason for Chinese educational success emerges from cross-cultural surveys. Americans say that good pupils do well because they're smarter. Chinese say that good students do well because they work harder.
透過跨文化的調查研究，浮現出中國大陸教育成功的一項原因。美國人說好學生之所以有好表現是因為他們比較聰明。大陸人則說好學生有好表現是因為他們比較用功。
美國在臺協會
Let me make just a few observations as to how these changes, in the context of the trends that define the international landscape, may influence U.S. foreign policy in East Asia.
我在此且針對這些改變，在現今國際情勢的主流趨勢之下，會如何影響美國的東亞政策，加以說明。
First, September 11 has provided U.S. foreign policy with a new and compelling reason to continue to engage in Northeast and Southeast Asia: both to reinforce long-standing cooperative arrangements and to deepen and institutionalize, where possible, new cooperative patterns.
首先，九一一事件給予美國外交政策新而迫切的理由，繼續參與東北亞和東南亞事務：在這兩方面都是強化長期以來的合作計劃，並盡可能深化與體制化新的合作模式。
Secondly, the U.S. will actively seek regional collaboration to complement our multilateral efforts to combat the scourges of such non-state transnational threats as terrorism, weapons proliferation, drug trafficking, trafficking in persons, money laundering, piracy, international gun running, and smuggling.
第二，美國將極力尋求區域性合作以充實我們的多邊努力，對抗某些非國家的跨國威脅所帶來的災難，如恐怖主義、武器擴散、販毒、販賣人口、洗錢、仿冒、國際軍火走私與貨物走私等。
Thirdly, we will reach out to create new productive bilateral partnerships in the region and strengthen existing ones to confront issues of mutual concern. The integration of China into the new global system is one of our long-term goals. We have been encouraged both by Beijing's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) last November and by its cooperation in the war against terrorism as we are with Taiwan. But that is just a start. Secretary Powell said in a speech at the Asia Society this year that the United States wants to encourage China to make decisions and take actions befitting a global leader, and that we ask China to collaborate with us and with our allies and friends to promote stability and well being worldwide.
第三，我們將主動在本地區建立新的有成效的雙邊夥伴關係，並加強現有關係，以解決共同關切的問題。網羅中國大陸進入新的全球體系是我們一貫的目標。跟我們對臺灣的情形一樣，北京在去年十一月加入世貿組織以及與我們合作打擊恐怖主義，均令我們倍感鼓舞。但這僅是個開端而已。國務卿鮑爾在今年對亞洲學會的一篇演講中指出，美國希望鼓勵中國大陸做出像個全球領導者的決定和行動；我們邀請中國大陸加入我們及盟友，一起促進全世界的安定與福祉。
作者：Spencer Wells譯者：
王道還(中研院史語所人類組助理研究員)
Blood. It's one of the world's most evocative substances. To many people it represents the essence of life, a religious sacrament─a gift from the Gods. But to me it embodies the past. Because inside this tiny crimson drop is the greatest history book ever written. It's the story of a journey; the journey of our species, and each of us is carrying a unique chapter.
血液。它是世上最能喚起感情的物質。許多人認為血液代表生命的精華，宗教聖餐──就是上帝的恩賜物。但是，對我來說，血液是具體的過去。因為在這一滴紅色液體中，是一本最偉大的歷史書。書裡說的，是一個旅程的故事；是我們這個物種的旅程，我們每個人，都攜帶了其中獨特的一章。
But it's only in the last decade that we're discovered how to read these stories─a window on the past that archaeologists could only dream of: a time machine hidden in our genes.
但是，一直到過去十年，我們才發現如何去讀這些故事──每個故事都是觀看過去的窗口，這種窗口，考古學家只能夢想。就是藏在我們基因中的時間機器。
The adventure began for me as a young researcher when I was lucky enough to work with a special man... His name is Luca Cavalli-Sforza. Luca was the first man to realise that blood could be the time machine to reunite us with our ancestors.
這個探險故事，是在我還是個年輕的研究人員時開始的，那時我有幸與一位特殊的人一起工作。……他的名字是路卡．卡瓦利－斯佛薩。路卡是第一位想到血液可以當做時間機器，將我們與祖先重新聯繫在一起的人。
Luca Cavalli-Sforza: Evolution is history . . .Biological evolution is a genetic phenomenon, so unless we look at the genetics we don't understand our history, we don't understand why we are made the way we are made.
路卡：演化就是歷史……生物演化是個遺傳現象，因此，除非我們研究遺傳學，我們不會了解我們的歷史，我們不會了解為什麼我們是這樣一種動物。
This is how it started. In science, every now and then a big new idea comes along─it happened back in the 50's: What if we could use blood to learn about our most distant ancestors. The question became an obsession for Luca. He gathered up blood samples from populations around the planet─why? To build a family tree─for the whole world.
在科學裡，總是有重要的新點子出現──這個點子是在五○年代出現的：要是我們能利用血液，知道一些有關我們遠祖的事，會有多好？這個問題教路卡著迷了。他從世界各地的族群收集血液標本，為什麼？因為要為全世界的人建構一個族譜。
Luca had made the first steps towards a monumental truth─that everyone alive today might be related, but his results were still hazy. It's the 1970's, and Luca's out in central Africa sampling the blood of the Biaka and Mbuti people. He had a hunch─that isolated tribes could give him a clearer picture of our distant past. He was right. They could. Luca's discovery put the whole field on alert. It really was possible to work out distant family lines from blood type. And the key lay in the blood of isolated populations.
世上還活著的人，彼此可能有親緣關係──發現這個重要的真相，最初的幾步是由路卡踏出去的。但是他的研究結果仍然不夠清晰。那是在一九七○年代，路卡正在中非採集畢阿卡人與恩布提人的血液標本。他有個直覺，認為與外界隔絕的部落，可以讓他對於遠古時代，看得比較清晰。他是對的。那些部落的確提供了他需要的資料。路卡的發現讓整個學界都注意到了。使用血型建構遠古的家族族譜，的確是可能的。關鍵在於：與外界隔離的族群的血液。
Flash forward to the early 90's. There was a scientific revolution in full swing and the buzzword was genetics. While everyone else was talking about the future, we were looking backwards into the past. Blood was the time machine, and we were the time travellers. Soon we were taking Luca's work on to a new level. Ten years on and we're ready to rewrite history.
再回到一九九○年代早期。當時有一場科學革命正如火如荼地進行，遺傳學是最時髦的術語。所有的人都在談論未來的時候，我們卻在回顧過去。血液是時間機器，我們是時光中的旅人。不久，我們就將路卡的研究提升到新的層次。十年了，一切都已就緒，我們就要重寫歷史。
作者：Brigitte Boisselier
譯者：王道環(中研院歷史語言所人類組研究員)
Possible defects
The reported defects have been different depending on the species studied. In regards to mouse problems, we should remember that the ones that showed defects were inbred which means they don't have any genetic diversity in their genome. Each individual human being, on the other hand, is outbred and has full genetic diversity which makes us very resistant to genetic defects and abnormalities..... (inbred means: brother-sister mating for many generations which makes the two copies of all their genes the same, therefore no genetic diversity).
可能造成先天缺陷
缺陷的案例與實驗動物的物種有關。以小鼠來說，我們應該切記，出現缺陷的個體都是近親交配的產物，就是說，牠們的基因組沒有基因多樣性。另一方面，每個人類個體都是血緣疏遠的人製造的，因此人類的基因組有豐富的基因多樣性，於是我們對基因缺陷與異常有很高的抵抗力……（所謂近親交配的產物，指連續許多世代都以同胞交配，最後所有基因的兩個版本都是一樣的，因此就沒有基因多樣性了）。
Miscarriages
Miscarriages are common in pregnancy resulting from IVF but also in natural reproduction and do not constitute any potential harm to the mothers.
流產
以體外授精技術產生的胚胎，常會流產，但自然懷孕的胚胎也一樣，而且對孕婦沒有任何潛在害處。
Psychological problem
All kinds of problems have been announced for the first test tube baby, Louisa Brown and she is so normal. While we are spending time wondering about this child who is desired and will be loved and cherished, 13,000 other children are dying every day from starvation and abuse, sometimes in their own families... Which children should we be more concerned about?
心理問題
第一個「試管嬰兒」魯易莎誕生時，各種問題都有人預測過，可是她極為正常。克隆兒是大人想要而且會疼愛、珍惜的，我們花時間在這裡討論他的未來，而同時每天卻有一萬三千個孩子因飢餓與虐待而死亡，有時是在自己的家裡……。我們應該更為關心的，是哪些孩子？
Armies of clones & gene trade
Armies are not created by individuals but by governments... Among the thousands of couples or individuals who requested to be cloned, none ever asked to get more than two clones. While it is our basic freedom to reproduce our genes as we want, it is not acceptable to use the genes of someone who is alive and reproduce them without his consent. This is common sense and should be regulated.
克隆人軍隊及基因商品
軍隊不是由個人建立的，而是政府……。要求製作克隆人的幾千對夫妻或個人，沒有要求製作兩個以上的。複製自己的基因是基本自由，我們愛複製多少就複製多少，但是，仍然在世的人，基因不容他人複製，除非得到本人的同意。這是常識，應該成為法令。
Human dignity
Both, the World Health Organization and the European Parliament, have stated that such cloning endeavor would be an offense to human dignity. The definitions of human dignity offered by major ethics dictionaries didn't help to explain how cloning would be a violation.
人類尊嚴
世界衛生組織與歐洲議會都說，這種克隆人的做法冒犯了人類尊嚴。主要倫理學辭典對人類尊嚴所下的定義，並不能解釋克隆技術怎麼會冒犯人類尊嚴。
If this means, as I understand it, that we shouldn't treat other people merely as means to an end but always as ends in themselves, then I assume it refers to the production of embryos that may or should not be implanted. This philosophical problem is not unique to human cloning but is also part of the debate regarding IVF and abortion.
要是以我的了解而言，人類尊嚴的意義是，其他人不應只是達到目的的手段，永遠要當他們是目的，那麼，我假定這是指生產不必或不應植入子宮的胚胎。這個哲學問題不是人類克隆技術才有，有關人類體外授精技術與墮胎的辯論，都涉及這個問題。
If it refers to the parent's choice to have a cloned child, then I want to testify how conscious these parents-to-be are. In this process, they conceive their baby with care, patience, determination and the baby will be one of the most loved child. Can we say the same for all naturally conceived children today?
要是人類尊嚴談的是父母選擇生產一個克隆嬰兒的權利，那麼，我願作證，這些想當父母的人都是理智清明地做出決定的。在整個過程中，他們小心翼翼地懷了他們要的孩子，表現出耐心與決心，這樣生下的孩子，一定會是世上最受寵的。今天所有自然生產的嬰兒，都能受到同樣的待遇嗎？
Selfishness
I often hear comments such as: "These parents are selfish. They want to have a child with their genes while there are so many children to adopt", or "They want to have the belated twin of a dead son to ease their grief."
自私
我常聽到這樣的批評：「這些父母很自私。他們想要一個有自己的基因的孩子，而世上還有這麼多等待收養的孩子，」或是「他們的孩子死了，他們想要一個遲來的攣生兒，以減輕他們的悲傷。」
First of all, we should remember that life is the most wonderful gift. Now, are we going to have to examine the reasons why parents are having a child, whatever the reproductive method is used? Do they want it instinctively or for other reasons such as: they feel like it, they want a heir, someone to take over their business, someone to help them when they are old. . . There are all sorts of selfish reasons that can be involved in the decision to have a child, whatever technique is used.
首先，我們應記得，生命是最令人驚奇的禮物。難道我們必須審查，父母為了什麼才生孩子的，不管他們使用什麼樣的生殖方法？他們想要孩子，是出於本能呢？還是為了其他的理由，例如：他們只是想要，或他們要一個繼承人，一個可以接管他們事業的人，或一個在他們年紀大了之後可以照顧他們的人……。生孩子的決定，可能會涉及各種自私的理由，與使用的技術無關。
What world do we want to live in?
In his novel A Brave New World, Huxley didn't despise cloning. He actually described how a state controlled science could produce controlled individuals who would think the same, act and behave the same. Thus, it is not cloning that might lead to social harms but rather social structures that allow any form of reinforced control over people's thoughts and behaviors by their rulers.
我們想要生活在什麼樣的世界裡？
赫胥黎在他的小說《美麗新世界》裡，並不鄙視克隆技術。實際上，他描寫的是，一個控制了科學的政府，可以製造受到控制的個人，這些人無論思想、行為都一樣。這麼說來，也許會導致對社會有害的後果的，不是克隆技術，而是社會結構，統治者利用這種社會結構，能夠以某種方式控制民眾的思想與行為。
For all these reasons, and on behalf of the couples who have hopes, on behalf of the scientists who are told not to proceed, I am respectfully asking you to secure two basic freedoms: The freedom of scientific enquiry. The freedom to make personal reproduction choices.
基於這些理由，並代表抱持著希望的夫婦，以及受到打壓的科學家，我在此恭請您保障兩項基本自由：科學研究的自由，以及個人生殖選擇的自由。
The Human Cloning Debate: Con Views
「克隆人」爭議：反對
Any attempt to cloning a child would be wholly irresponsible given the abundant evidence from experiments in animals that present cloning techniques are inefficient and unsafe.
從動物實驗得到的大量證據，已經證實目前的克隆技術既無效率，又不安全，因此，任何克隆人類孩子的嘗試，都是完全不負責任的。
Since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1996, research groups around the world have cloned cattle, sheep, pigs, mice and goats but apparently equally competent groups have yet to clone rats, rabbits, cats, dogs and monkeys.
自從一九九六年桃莉（綿）羊克隆成功了之後，世界上許多研究團隊已經克隆了牛、綿羊、豬、小鼠和山羊，但是，看來本事一樣的研究團隊，卻無法克隆出大鼠、兔子、貓、狗和猴子。
The efficiency of cloning is low, with an average of just over 1% of embryos created by nuclear transfer producing live offspring in work that has been published in the scientific literature. Importantly many clones die late in pregnancy or soon after birth, with post-mortem analysis showing evidence of developmental abnormalities affecting key organs, including the lungs, heart or kidneys.
克隆技術的效率很低，以發表在科學文獻上的報告來看，以移植細胞核製造出的胚胎，發育成功、順利出生的比率，平均剛好超過百分之一而已。重要的是，許多克隆胚胎在懷孕後期，或出生不久就死了，科學家驗屍後發現，牠們的發育不正常，影響到重要器官，包括肺臟、心臟或腎臟。
Other cloned animals appear to be entirely normal and as yet unpublished data from two groups indicate that higher success rates can be achieved in cattle. The same success rates cannot be expected in other animals and humans: normally, cows and sheep are 3- to- 4 times more likely to become pregnant than are women and this ratio is likely to apply to attempts at cloning too.
其他的克隆動物看來很正常，兩個研究團隊目前尚未發表的資料顯示：以牛做實驗，成功率可能會比較高。至於其他的動物與人類，不能期盼這樣高的成功率：通常乳牛與綿羊的受孕率，比人類婦女高三至四倍，這個比例可能也可以應用在克隆實驗上。
The problems involved in cloning of animals are thought to be due to inappropriate or inadequate 'reprogramming'* of genes during nuclear transfer. Professor Antorini* has claimed that he is able to screen for inappropriate expression of genes* in embryos so that only normal, healthy embryos would be implanted into the womb of volunteers. This claim is not justified: 1) no-one knows how many of the 30-40,000 genes in each cell are critical for normal development of embryos and 2) no technology yet exists to screen for the expression of large number of genes in the few cells that could be safely removed from the embryo before implantation.
克隆動物實驗所出的問題，大家認為主要是在細胞核移植過程中，基因沒有經過適當而充分的「重新規劃」。安托里尼教授宣稱，他能在胚胎中篩檢出表現不適當的基因，因此只有正常、健康的胚胎才會移植到志願者的子宮中。這個說法毫無根據。第一、每個細胞中有三萬到四萬個基因，沒有人知道其中有多少對胚胎的正常發育是不可或缺的。第二、胚胎上只有幾個細胞可以安全地摘取下來，移植到子宮裡，目前還沒有技術能夠在少數細胞中篩檢大量基因的表現。
Importantly, it would be wholly unethical to test out ideas for improving success rate on women before they have been proven in animals. Even then, the problems involved in cloning of animals vary between species and modifications that improve success rates in animals may well not work in humans.
重要的是，為改善目前技術的成功率而想出的點子，還沒有以動物實驗證實，就用在人類婦女身上，是完全不道德的。即使以動物實驗證實了，克隆技術使用在不同物種身上，會遭遇到不同的問題，改進方案即使以動物實驗成功了，用在人類身上，也不見得會成功。
「睡眠細胞」與「中斷要求」？ Sleeper Cells and Interrupt Calls
•梁欣榮（臺灣大學外文系副教授）
假如你看到「睡眠細胞」與「中斷要求」兩個中文用法時覺得沒什麼異樣，而且自動以為你的了解已經非常正確，那你對中文的感覺和我或其他正常人一樣。但請你先別高興，繼續讀下去。
Cell 不等於細胞
臺灣的中文新聞媒體的英文程度差，應該是有目共睹的事實。這當然不能都怪記者，畢竟新聞記者多年來接受的也是同一個義務教育系統中的英文課程訓練。話雖如此，從事新聞工作的人要把文稿內容向社會大眾公開，對寫作文字品質的自我要求，理應該比一般人高，面對需要翻譯的外文資訊也應有起碼求知、求正確的義務，這一點責任感國內的媒體從業人員可能就較為缺乏了。無論是報紙新聞、電視新聞，或是外語片的中文字幕，都充滿令人啼笑皆非的、硬從英文翻譯過來的、不求甚解的中文。以下舉兩個九一一恐怖攻擊之後出現的不倫不類的怪例子：
*terrorist cell：媒體稱之為「恐怖細胞」或「恐怖份子細胞」。
*sleeper cell：媒體稱之為「睡眠中的細胞」或「沈睡細胞」。
Cell 一字除了解作生物學上的「細胞」之外，還有兩個常用的意思。一是「囚室」、「（宗教的）靈修室」，如 a prison cell；另一是「一個大組織裡頭的一小撮幹部（聚集的地方）」（a small group acting as a unit within a larger organization－Random House Unabridged Dictionary），如 Communist party cells 或a local cell of the Communist party。所以 terrorist cell 應該是「一小撮恐怖份子祕密藏身的地方」或「恐怖份子的地下組織」。
Sleeper 與睡覺無關
Sleeper 一字本來指火車的「臥鋪」，如 a sleeper car（一節臥鋪車廂）。但請看下面的另一個解釋：
*A sleeper is also a person or thing that is suddenly and surprisingly successful after a long period of not achieving anything and sometimes refers to a spy who only becomes active a long time after being placed in an organization（Cambridge International Dictionary of English）
*Informal. something or someone that becomes unexpectedly successful or important after a period of being unnoticed, ignored, or considered unpromising or a failure（Random House Unabridged Dictionary）
上面兩個定義都強調「一段長時間銷聲匿跡」，所以 sleeper 用在這裡時，它的意思是指「長期潛伏待命的特務」或「表面沈寂、伺機而動的幹部」，因此 al-Qaeda sleeper cells 就應該是「蓋達組織的潛伏份子」或「蓋達組織的祕密待命幹部」。
Field Study 不在田野進行
從上面例子可以看出，只要願意多翻一下字典及多思考一下，就不難獲得正確的翻譯，更能保存中文的尊嚴（dignity）和完整性（integrity），可惜很多人連這一點都懶得做。筆者曾聽到有研究員說要到萬華地區做『田野調查』，以便針對台北舊社區進行都市更新計畫。試問今天萬華一地，哪來的「田」，何處是「野」？可見當時翻譯 field study 或 fieldwork 一辭的人，英漢字典隨手一翻，field 立即變成「田野」（還好沒翻做「可耕地」；你能不捏一把冷汗嗎？）。其實 field 除了「田野」之外，還有 area of interest（有興趣的研究區域或範圍）的意思。下面是 Random House Unabridged Dictionary 中 fieldwork 一辭的定義：
*work done in the field, as research, exploration, surveying, or interviewing.
Macmillan English Dictionary 說得更清楚：
*work that involves going outside your classroom or laboratory to study something in a real environment.
下一回你要到四十五層樓高的臺北車站前新光三越大樓做都市規劃研究時，也許可以用「實地勘查」或「實地查訪」來代替「田野調查」。須知臺北車站一帶是全國地價最昂貴的黃金地段，硬把它說成「田野」可能會造成當地的房地產價格大幅下滑。Mind you, the pen is mightier than the sword.