How DNA relates to Forensics?
DNA is one of the most reliable crime fighting tools today. Every living organism contains DNA and the entire cell of any organism is known as a genome; contains entire genetic material/information.
The DNA sequence is what makes most DNA unique, that is only of one copy is present in "haploid genome".  The haploid genome carries a single copy of each chromosome.
As you have probably heard everyone carries their own DNA, one that no one else in the world carries. This is because of the unique sequencing in the DNA strands. Although when it comes to identifying people its not about identifying the unique sequence, it's about the analysis of the "mitochondrial" DNA. This means to observe the D-Loop (displacement loop) and STR's (short tandem repeats). By observing the D-Loop it makes it possible because the polymorphisms of the sequence(s) will result in the substitute of base pairs during DNA replication. This means that by using polymorphis, it will help breakdown DNA to the point where only the substitute of base pairs are present, therefore giving us there specific genetic information.
DNA can be extracted from many different types of reliable evidence. Such as the following: hair, human remains (dependant on decay time), blood, saliva, semen, vaginal fluid and more.
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