Introduction
The Adirondack Lake Assessment
Program is a volunteer monitoring program established by the Residents’
Committee to Protect the Adirondacks (RCPA) and the Adirondack Watershed
Institute (AWI). The program is now in
its’ eleventh year and continues to grow.
The program was established to help develop a current database of water
quality in
Methodology
Each month participants (trained by AWI staff) measured transparency with a secchi disk and collected a 2-meter composite of lake water for chlorophyll-a analysis and a separate 2-meter composite for total phosphorus and other chemical analyses. The participants filtered the chlorophyll-a sample prior to storage. Both the chlorophyll-a filter and water chemistry samples were frozen for transport to the laboratory at Paul Smith’s College.
In addition to the volunteer samples, AWI staff sampled water quality parameters in most of the participating lakes as time and weather allowed. In most instances, a 2-meter composite of lake water was collected for chlorophyll-a analysis. Samples were also collected at depths of 1.5 meters from the surface (epilimnion) and within 1.5 meters of the bottom (hypolimnion) for chemical analysis. Once collected, samples were stored in a cooler and transported to the laboratory at Paul Smith’s College.
All samples were analyzed AWI staff in the Paul Smith’s College laboratory using the methods detailed in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st edition (Greenberg, et al, 2005). Volunteer samples were analyzed for pH, alkalinity, conductivity, color, nitrate, chlorophyll a and total phosphorus concentrations. Samples taken by AWI staff were analyzed for the same parameters, as well as for calcium, chloride, and aluminum concentrations.
Results
Summary
Osgood Pond was sampled three times
by volunteers, once with AWI staff, in 2008.
Samples were collected on the following dates:
1 mg/L = 1 ppm; 1 mg/L = 1 ppb; 1 ppm = 1000 ppb.
Limnologists, the scientists who study bodies of fresh water, classify lake health (trophic status) into three main categories: oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic. The trophic status of a lake is determined by measuring the level of three basic water quality parameters: total phosphorus, chlorophyll-a, and secchi disk transparency. These parameters will be defined in the sections that follow. Oligotrophic lakes are characterized as having low levels of total phosphorus, and, as a consequence, low levels of chlorophyll-a and high transparencies. Eutrophic lakes have high levels of total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a, and, as a consequence, low transparencies. Mesotrophic lakes have moderate levels of all three of these water quality parameters. Based upon the results of the 2008 Adirondack Lake Assessment Program, Osgood Pond is considered to be mesotrophic.
PH
The pH level is a measure of
acidity (concentration of hydrogen ions in water), reported in standard units
on a logarithmic scale that ranges from 1 to 14. On the pH scale, 7 is neutral, lower values
are more acidic, and higher numbers are more basic. In general, pH values between 6.0 and 8.0 are
considered optimal for the maintenance of a healthy lake ecosystem. Many species of fish and amphibians have
difficulty with growth and reproduction when pH levels fall below 5.5 standard
units.
pH less than 5.0 Critical or Impaired
pH between 5.0 and 6.0 Endangered or Threatened
pH greater than 6.0 Satisfactory or Acceptable
The pH in the upper water of Osgood Pond ranged from 6.64 to 7.31. The average pH was 6.98. Based solely on pH, Osgood Pond’s acidity levels should be considered satisfactory.
Alkalinity
Alkalinity (acid neutralizing capacity) is a measure of the buffering capacity of water, and in lake ecosystems refers to the ability of a lake to absorb or withstand acidic inputs. In the northeast, most lakes have low alkalinities, which mean they are sensitive to the effects of acidic precipitation. This is a particular concern during the spring when large amounts of low pH snowmelt runs into lakes with little to no contact with the soil’s natural buffering agents. Alkalinity is reported in milligrams per liter (mg/L) or microequivelents per liter (meq/L). Typical summer concentrations of alkalinity in northeastern lakes are around 10 mg/l (200 meq/L).
Alkalinity less than 0 ppm Acidified
Alkalinity between 0 and 2 ppm Extremely sensitive
Alkalinity between 2 and 10 ppm Moderately sensitive
Alkalinity between 10 and 25 ppm Low sensitivity
Alkalinity greater than 25 ppm Not sensitive
The alkalinity of the upper water of Osgood Pond ranged from 25.8 ppm to 34.8 ppm. The average alkalinity was 29.7 ppm. These values indicate that Osgood Pond has no sensitivity to acidification.
Calcium
Calcium is one of the buffering
materials that occur naturally in the environment. However, it is often in short supply in
The calcium in the upper water of Osgood Pond in 2008 was 6.27 ppm. In the bottom water, the calcium concentration was 6.31 ppm in 2008. This suggests that Osgood Pond is currently not sensitive to acidification.
Calcite Saturation Index
The Calcite Saturation Index (CSI) is another method that is used to determine the sensitivity of a lake to acidification. High CSI values are indicative of increasing sensitivity to acidic inputs. CSI is calculated using the following formula:
Ca Alk
CSI = - log10 40000 - log10 50000 – pH + 2
Where Ca = Calcium level of water sample in ppm or mg/L
Alk = Alkalinity of the water sample in ppm or mg/L
pH = pH of the water sample in standard units
CSI greater than 4 Very vulnerable to acidic inputs
CSI between 3 & 4 Moderately vulnerable to acidic inputs
CSI less than 3 Low vulnerability to acidic inputs
CSI values for Osgood Pond were found in 2008 to be 1.70 in the sample taken from the upper water, and 1.70 in the bottom water sample. These values classify Osgood Pond as having low vulnerability to acidic inputs.
Total Phosphorus
Phosphorus is one of the three essential nutrients for life, and in northeastern lakes, it is often the controlling, or limiting, nutrient in lake productivity. Total phosphorus is a measure of all forms of phosphorus, both organic and inorganic. Total phosphorus concentrations are directly related to the trophic status (water quality conditions) of a lake. Excessive amounts of phosphorus can lead to algae blooms and a loss of dissolved oxygen within the lake. Surface water (epilimnion) concentrations of total phosphorus less than 10 ppb are associated with oligotrophic (clean, clear water) conditions. Concentrations greater than 25 ppb are associated with eutrophic (nutrient-rich) conditions.
The total phosphorus in the upper water of Osgood Pond ranged from 18 ppb to 23 ppb. The average concentration was found to be 20.7 ppb. These values are indicative of mesotrophic conditions.
Chlorophyll-a
Chlorophyll-a is the green pigment in plants used for photosynthesis, and measuring it provides information on the amount of algae (microscopic plants) in lakes. Chlorophyll-a concentrations are also used to classify a lakes trophic status. Concentrations less than 2 ppb are associated with oligotrophic conditions and those greater than 8 ppb are associated with eutrophic conditions.
The chlorophyll-a concentrations in the upper water of Osgood Pond ranged from 5.08 ppb to 6.78 ppb. The average concentration was 6.17 ppb. This is indicative of mesotrophic conditions.
Secchi Disk Transparency
Transparency is a measure of water clarity in lakes and ponds. It is determined by lowering a 20 cm black and white disk (Secchi) into a lake to the depth where it is no longer visible from the surface. This depth is then recorded in meters. Since algae are the main determinant of water clarity in non-stained, low turbidity (suspended silt) lakes, transparency is also used as an indicator of the trophic status of a body of water. Secchi disk transparencies greater than 4.6 meters (15.1 feet) are associated with oligotrophic conditions, while values less than 2 meters (6.6 feet) are associated with eutrophic conditions (DEC & FOLA, 1990).
Secchi disk transparency in Osgood Pond ranged from 2.1 meters to 2.5 meters. The average transparency was 2.43 meters. These values are indicative of mesotrophic conditions.
Nitrate
Nitrogen is another essential nutrient for life. Nitrate is an inorganic form of nitrogen that is naturally occurring in the environment. It is also a component of atmospheric pollution. Nitrogen concentrations are usually less than 1 ppm in most lakes. Elevated levels of nitrate concentration may be indicative of lake acidification or wastewater pollution.
The nitrate in the upper water of Osgood Pond ranged from 0.0 ppm to 0.2 ppm. The average nitrate concentration was 0.13 ppm.
Chloride
Chloride is an anion that occurs
naturally in surface waters, though typically in low concentrations. Background concentrations of chloride in
The chloride was measured in 2008
and found to be 8.00 ppm which is normal for an
Conductivity
Conductivity is a measure of the ability of water to conduct electric current, and will increase as dissolved minerals build up within a body of water. As a result, conductivity is also an indirect measure of the number of ions in solution, mostly as inorganic substances. High conductivity values (greater than 50 mohms/cm) may be indicative of pollution by road salt runoff or faulty septic systems. Conductivities may be naturally high in water that drains from bogs or marshes. Eutrophic lakes often have conductivities near 100 mohms/cm, but may not be characterized by pollution inputs. Clean, clear-water lakes in our region typically have conductivities up to 30 mohms/cm, but values less than 50 mohms/cm are considered normal.
The conductivity in the upper water of Osgood Pond ranged from 54.1 mohms/cm to 64.6 mohms/cm. The average conductivity was 58.1mohms/cm.
Color
The color of water is affected by both dissolved (e.g., metallic ions, organic acids) and suspended (e.g., silt and plant pigments) materials. Water samples are collected and compared to a set of standardized chloroplatinate solutions in order to assess the degree of coloration. The measurement of color is usually used in lake classification to describe the degree to which the water body is stained due to the accumulation of organic acids. The standard for drinking water color, as set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) using the platinum-cobalt method, is 15 Pt-Co. However, dystrophic lakes (heavily stained, often the color of tea) are common in this part of the country, and are usually found in areas with poorly drained soils and large amounts of coniferous vegetation (i.e., pines, spruce, hemlock). Dystrophic lakes usually have color values upwards of 75 Pt-Co.
Color can often be used as a possible index of organic acid content since higher amounts of total organic carbon (TOC) are usually found in colored waters. TOC is important because it can bond with aluminum in water, locking it up within the aquatic system and resulting in possible toxicity to fish (see Aluminum).
The color in the upper water of Osgood Pond ranged from 28 Pt-Co to 86 Pt-Co. The average color was 58.0 Pt-Co.
Aluminum
Aluminum is one of the most abundant elements found within the earth’s crust. Acidic runoff (from rainwater and snowmelt) can leach aluminum out of the soil as it flows into streams and lakes. If a lake is acidic enough, aluminum may also be leached from the sediment at the bottom of it. Low concentrations of aluminum can be toxic to aquatic fauna in acidified water bodies, depending on the type of aluminum available, the amount of dissolved organic carbon available to bond with the aluminum, and the pH of the water. Aluminum can form thick mucus that has been shown to cause gill destruction in aquatic fauna (i.e., fish, insects) and, in cases of prolonged exposure, can cause mortality in native fish populations (Potter, 1982). Aluminum concentrations are reported as mg/L of total dissolved aluminum.
The aluminum in the upper water of Osgood Pond was measured in 2008 and found to be a very low 0.000 ppm.
Dissolved Oxygen
The dissolved oxygen in a lake is an extremely important parameter to measure. If dissolved oxygen decreases as we approach the bottom of a lake we know that there is a great amount of bacterial decay that is going on. This usually means that there is an abundance of nutrients, like phosphorous that have collected on the lake bottom. Oligotrophic lakes tend to have the same amount of dissolved oxygen from the surface water to the lake bottom, thus showing very little bacterial decay. Eutrophic lakes tend to have so much decay that their bottom water will have very little dissolved oxygen. Cold-water fish need 6.0 ppm dissolved oxygen to thrive and reproduce. Warm water fish need 4.0-ppm oxygen.
The dissolved oxygen and temperature profiles for Osgood Pond for 2000 – 2005 and 2008 are presented in Appendix A. The dissolved oxygen gradually decreases from the surface to the bottom in Osgood Pond. The oxygen level is insufficient for cold water fish survival in the lower waters of Osgood Pond but sufficient for warm-water fish survival. The temperature is also too warm for cold-water fish but fine for warm water fish..
Summary
Osgood Pond was a moderately productive lake during 2008, mesotrophic in nature. Based on the results of the 2008 Adirondack Lake Assessment program, the acidity status of Osgood Pond is considered to be satisfactory, with no sensitivity to further acidic inputs. The pH values are satisfactory and the alkalinity values indicate no sensitivity to acidification. The past calcium concentrations for Osgood Pond currently indicate no sensitivity to acidification.
With nine years of data we can detect water quality trends, and it is also possible to compare the current data with the data collected from 2000-2007. Over the last nine years the pH has stayed fairly stable with a slight drop in 2006. The alkalinity values have increased almost every year of study. The conductivity and color have also increased most years since 2002. The other parameters have seen year to year fluctuations but overall the levels have changed very little over the period of study.
Literature
Cited
DEC &
FOLA. (1990). Diet for a
New
York State Department of Environmental Conservation & The Federation of
Lake Associations, Inc.:
Greenberg,
A.E., Eaton, A.D., and Leseri,
Examination
of Water and Wastewater, 21st Edition. American Public Health Association:
Potter, W.
(1982). The Effects of Air Pollution
and Acid Rain on Fish, Wildlife and Their
Habitats
– Lakes. Technical Report FWS/OBS –
80/50.4.
Appendix A
|
Lake/Pond Name |
Sampling |
Sampling |
pH |
Alkalinity |
Conductivity |
Color |
Total P |
Sampling |
Chl a |
Secchi |
Nitrate |
Calcium |
Chloride |
Aluminum |
CSI |
Acid |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Location |
Date |
(units) |
(ppm) |
(mohms/cm) |
(Pt-Co) |
(ppm) |
Date |
(mg/l) |
(meters) |
(ppm) |
(ppm) |
(ppm) |
(ppm) |
|
Vulnerability |
|
|||||
|
AAI |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
6/14/2000 |
6.9100 |
22.4000 |
46.1000 |
50.0000 |
0.0200 |
6/14/2000 |
6.7700 |
2.0000 |
0.2000 |
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
AAI |
Osgood Pond |
Epilimnion |
6/14/2000 |
6.8500 |
22.2000 |
47.6000 |
81.0000 |
0.0180 |
6/14/2000 |
7.8100 |
|
0.3000 |
4.6100 |
1.8500 |
0.0050 |
2.4410 |
low |
|
|
||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Vol |
7/17/2000 |
7.4900 |
22.4000 |
43.8000 |
52.0000 |
0.0220 |
7/17/2000 |
7.1800 |
2.5000 |
0.0000 |
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Vol |
8/18/2000 |
7.2700 |
21.6000 |
51.7000 |
64.0000 |
0.0270 |
8/18/2000 |
8.8700 |
1.6000 |
0.6000 |
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
MIN |
6.8500 |
21.6000 |
43.8000 |
50.0000 |
0.0180 |
MIN |
6.7700 |
1.6000 |
0.0000 |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
MAX |
7.4900 |
22.4000 |
51.7000 |
81.0000 |
0.0270 |
MAX |
8.8700 |
2.5000 |
0.6000 |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
MEAN |
7.1300 |
22.1500 |
47.3000 |
61.7500 |
0.0218 |
MEAN |
7.6575 |
2.0333 |
0.2750 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
Std Dev |
0.3033 |
0.3786 |
3.3237 |
14.2449 |
0.0039 |
Std Dev |
0.9145 |
0.4509 |
0.2500 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
AAI |
Osgood Pond |
Hypolimnion |
6/14/2000 |
6.9400 |
17.1000 |
48.0000 |
61.0000 |
0.0140 |
6/14/2000 |
|
0.3000 |
4.3200 |
1.9200 |
0.0020 |
2.4926 |
low |
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
|
AAI |
Osgood Pond |
Epilimnion |
06/08/01 |
6.8300 |
22.2000 |
51.2000 |
48.0000 |
0.0180 |
06/08/01 |
9.5800 |
3.1000 |
0.2000 |
4.6700 |
1.9500 |
0.0000 |
2.4600 |
low |
|
|||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
6/13/2001 |
6.8900 |
22.6000 |
50.9000 |
54.0000 |
0.0170 |
6/13/2001 |
9.0800 |
3.5000 |
0.1000 |
|
|
|||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
7/17/2001 |
6.8000 |
21.8000 |
56.8000 |
51.0000 |
0.0190 |
7/17/2001 |
13.4000 |
2.5000 |
0.0200 |
|
|
|||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
8/11/2001 |
6.9200 |
24.8000 |
66.5000 |
38.0000 |
0.0180 |
8/11/2001 |
8.4500 |
3.0000 |
0.0000 |
|
|
|||||||||
|
AAI |
Osgood Pond |
Hypolimnion |
06/08/01 |
6.9600 |
22.2000 |
51.1000 |
52.0000 |
0.0180 |
06/08/01 |
1.8800 |
|
0.2000 |
4.8100 |
1.9300 |
0.0030 |
2.3100 |
low |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
MIN |
6.8000 |
21.8000 |
50.9000 |
38.0000 |
0.0170 |
MIN |
8.4500 |
2.5000 |
0.0000 |
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
MAX |
6.9200 |
24.8000 |
66.5000 |
54.0000 |
0.0190 |
MAX |
13.4000 |
3.5000 |
0.2000 |
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
MEAN |
6.8600 |
22.8500 |
56.3500 |
47.7500 |
0.0180 |
MEAN |
10.1275 |
3.0250 |
0.0800 |
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
Std Dev |
0.0548 |
1.3404 |
7.2904 |
6.9462 |
0.0008 |
Std Dev |
2.2301 |
0.4113 |
0.0909 |
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
AWI |
Osgood Pond |
Epilimnion |
6/7/2002 |
7.1000 |
23.2000 |
50.6000 |
22.0000 |
0.0100 |
6/7/2002 |
5.6500 |
2.4000 |
0.2000 |
4.8500 |
8.8000 |
0.0000 |
2.1500 |
low |
|
|||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
6/7/2002 |
7.1900 |
23.2000 |
50.9000 |
14.0000 |
0.0030 |
6/7/2002 |
5.6700 |
2.5000 |
0.2000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
7/11/2002 |
6.7800 |
18.8000 |
52.4000 |
65.0000 |
0.0200 |
7/11/2002 |
7.3800 |
2.0000 |
0.1000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
8/8/2002 |
7.0800 |
23.2000 |
52.8000 |
50.0000 |
0.0200 |
8/8/2002 |
6.8200 |
2.0000 |
0.1000 |
|
||||||||||
|
|
MEAN |
7.0375 |
22.1000 |
51.6750 |
37.7500 |
0.0133 |
MEAN |
6.3800 |
2.2250 |
0.1500 |
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Std Dev |
0.1782 |
2.2000 |
1.0874 |
23.8380 |
0.0083 |
Std Dev |
0.8623 |
0.2630 |
0.0577 |
|
||||||||||||
|
AWI |
Osgood Pond |
Hypolimnion |
6/7/2002 |
7.1600 |
23.2000 |
51.1000 |
25.0000 |
0.0200 |
6/7/2002 |
|
0.2000 |
4.8800 |
5.6000 |
0.0000 |
2.0900 |
low |
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
AWI |
Osgood Pond |
Epilimnion |
6/6/2003 |
6.6400 |
22.0000 |
50.0000 |
36.0000 |
0.0180 |
6/6/2003 |
5.6500 |
2.3000 |
0.5000 |
4.7600 |
5.0000 |
0.0020 |
2.6400 |
low |
|
|||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
6/6/2003 |
6.8400 |
26.0000 |
53.0000 |
49.0000 |
0.0200 |
6/6/2003 |
5.7100 |
2.4000 |
0.6000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
7/10/2003 |
6.9200 |
28.8000 |
52.0000 |
41.0000 |
0.0200 |
7/10/2003 |
5.9800 |
2.5000 |
0.2000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
8/7/2003 |
6.6700 |
26.8000 |
40.7000 |
25.0000 |
0.0160 |
8/7/2003 |
4.4400 |
3.0000 |
0.2000 |
|
||||||||||
|
|
Mean |
6.7675 |
25.9000 |
48.9250 |
37.7500 |
0.0185 |
Mean |
5.4450 |
2.5500 |
0.3750 |
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Std Dev |
0.1345 |
2.8542 |
5.6234 |
10.0457 |
0.0019 |
Std Dev |
0.6852 |
0.3109 |
0.2062 |
|
||||||||||||
|
AWI |
Osgood Pond |
Hypolimnion |
6/6/2003 |
6.4000 |
22.0000 |
54.0000 |
37.0000 |
0.0200 |
6/6/2003 |
|
|
0.5000 |
4.7800 |
5.0000 |
0.0000 |
2.6400 |
low |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
AWI |
Osgood Pond |
Epilimnion |
8/6/2004 |
6.9600 |
28.0000 |
48.5000 |
71.0000 |
0.0160 |
8/6/2004 |
6.0900 |
2.5000 |
0.1000 |
5.2700 |
10.0000 |
0.0040 |
2.1700 |
low |
|
|||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
6/12/2004 |
6.8700 |
26.8000 |
60.1000 |
31.0000 |
0.0150 |
6/12/2004 |
7.1000 |
2.5000 |
0.4000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
7/12/2004 |
6.9500 |
27.6000 |
51.7000 |
22.0000 |
0.0160 |
7/12/2004 |
6.1900 |
2.5000 |
0.1000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
8/11/2004 |
7.0200 |
28.2000 |
55.2000 |
57.0000 |
0.0220 |
8/11/2004 |
7.0300 |
2.0000 |
0.3000 |
|
||||||||||
|
|
Mean |
6.9500 |
27.6500 |
53.8750 |
45.2500 |
0.0173 |
Mean |
6.6025 |
2.3750 |
0.2250 |
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Std Dev |
0.0616 |
0.6191 |
4.9708 |
22.6918 |
0.0032 |
Std Dev |
0.5364 |
0.2500 |
0.1500 |
|
||||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Hypolimnion |
8/6/2004 |
6.9600 |
28.0000 |
51.2000 |
64.0000 |
0.0200 |
8/6/2004 |
|
0.3000 |
5.3000 |
10.0000 |
0.0000 |
2.1700 |
low |
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
AWI |
Osgood Pond |
Epilimnion |
9/8/2005 |
6.7600 |
30.0000 |
55.6000 |
37.0000 |
0.0090 |
9/8/2005 |
5.5200 |
3.0000 |
0.1000 |
5.0000 |
8.0000 |
0.0020 |
2.3649 |
low |
|
|
||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
6/8/2005 |
6.9500 |
28.2000 |
50.9000 |
39.0000 |
0.0160 |
6/8/2005 |
3.3600 |
3.6000 |
0.2000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
7/12/2005 |
6.8700 |
33.2000 |
55.3000 |
70.0000 |
0.0170 |
7/12/2005 |
6.0800 |
2.5000 |
0.3000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
8/8/2005 |
7.0300 |
33.2000 |
62.4000 |
68.0000 |
0.0200 |
8/8/2005 |
7.2700 |
2.4000 |
0.3000 |
|
||||||||||
|
|
Mean |
6.9025 |
31.1500 |
56.0500 |
53.5000 |
0.0155 |
Mean |
5.5575 |
2.8750 |
0.2250 |
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Std Dev |
0.1153 |
2.4786 |
4.7473 |
17.9351 |
0.0047 |
Std Dev |
1.6367 |
0.5500 |
0.0957 |
|
||||||||||||
|
AWI |
Osgood Pond |
Hypolimnion |
9/8/2005 |
6.5500 |
22.0000 |
60.4000 |
57.0000 |
0.0100 |
9/8/2005 |
|
0.3000 |
4.5000 |
8.0000 |
0.0030 |
2.7554 |
low |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
Source |
Lake/Pond Name |
Sampling |
Sampling |
pH |
Alkalinity |
Conductivity |
Color |
Total P |
Sampling |
Chl a |
Secchi |
Nitrate |
Calcium |
Chloride |
Aluminum |
CSI |
Acid |
|
|||||
|
|
|
Location |
Date |
(units) |
(ppm) |
(mohms/cm) |
(Pt-Co) |
(ppm) |
Date |
(mg/l) |
(meters) |
(ppm) |
(ppm) |
(ppm) |
(ppm) |
|
Vulnerability |
|
|||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
6/14/2006 |
6.7600 |
28.4000 |
52.9000 |
28.0000 |
0.0200 |
6/14/2006 |
7.3000 |
2.5000 |
0.1000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
7/10/2006 |
6.7300 |
27.8000 |
54.5000 |
56.0000 |
0.0180 |
7/10/2006 |
5.5600 |
2.5000 |
0.1000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
8/15/2006 |
6.6100 |
25.8000 |
49.1000 |
50.0000 |
0.0180 |
8/15/2006 |
8.4700 |
2.4000 |
0.2000 |
|
||||||||||
|
|
Mean |
6.7000 |
27.3333 |
52.1667 |
44.6667 |
0.0187 |
Mean |
7.1100 |
2.4667 |
0.1333 |
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Std Dev |
0.0794 |
1.3614 |
2.7737 |
14.7422 |
0.0012 |
Std Dev |
1.4643 |
0.0577 |
0.0577 |
|
||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
6/14/2007 |
7.0100 |
31.6000 |
62.5000 |
44.0000 |
0.0180 |
6/14/2007 |
5.6700 |
2.7000 |
0.0000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
7/12/2007 |
6.8600 |
28.4000 |
50.4000 |
46.0000 |
0.0200 |
7/12/2007 |
6.2400 |
2.5000 |
0.2000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
8/10/2007 |
6.6700 |
26.8000 |
56.7000 |
70.0000 |
0.0200 |
8/10/2007 |
5.8400 |
2.6000 |
0.2000 |
|
||||||||||
|
|
Mean |
6.8467 |
28.9333 |
56.5333 |
53.3333 |
0.0193 |
Mean |
5.9167 |
2.6000 |
0.1333 |
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Std Dev |
0.1704 |
2.4440 |
6.0517 |
14.4684 |
0.0012 |
Std Dev |
0.2926 |
0.1000 |
0.1155 |
|
||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
AWI |
Osgood Pond |
Epi |
6/11/2008 |
7.3100 |
34.8000 |
54.5000 |
28.0000 |
0.0180 |
6/11/2008 |
5.0800 |
2.1000 |
0.2000 |
6.2700 |
8.0000 |
0.0000 |
1.7000 |
low |
|
|||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
6/11/2008 |
7.2900 |
34.6000 |
55.6000 |
41.0000 |
0.0180 |
6/11/2008 |
6.7800 |
2.4000 |
0.1000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
7/11/2008 |
7.0200 |
28.8000 |
64.6000 |
86.0000 |
0.0210 |
7/11/2008 |
5.2600 |
2.5000 |
0.0000 |
|
||||||||||
|
Vol |
Osgood Pond |
Deephole |
8/14/2008 |
6.6400 |
25.8000 |
54.1000 |
47.0000 |
0.0230 |
8/14/2008 |
6.4600 |
2.4000 |
0.3000 |
|
||||||||||
|
|
Mean |
6.9833 |
29.7333 |
58.1000 |
58.0000 |
0.0207 |
Mean |
6.1667 |
2.4333 |
0.1333 |
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Std Dev |
0.3265 |
4.4736 |
5.6789 |
24.4336 |
0.0025 |
Std Dev |
0.8013 |
0.0577 |
0.1528 |
|
||||||||||||
|
AWI |
Osgood Pond |
Hypo |
6/11/2008 |
7.2300 |
35.4000 |
56.9000 |
51.0000 |
0.0170 |
6/11/2008 |
x |
x |
0.2000 |
6.3100 |
8.0000 |
0.0020 |
1.7000 |
low |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
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