Kind of Materials
hose pipes foam styrofoam sponges rubber balloons copper wire cardboard construction paper playdough tissue paper pipe cleaners buttons thread balls	The most important rule to remember when considering the materials of your model is that the materials must not decompose. Be careful if you choose food items because some are considered good choices while others are not. Beans and rice are usually acceptable but Twizzlers are not acceptable. When in doubt, remember to ASK!!!!

Answer to Questions

Name two body organs that lie outside the GI track and directly aid in the digestion of food.

Two body organs that lie outside the GI tract and directly aid in the digestion of food are salivary glands and the pancreas.
What is mastication?

Mastication is what breaks down food into smaller particles by cutting and grinding actions of teeth
What are atleast 3 things that saliva does?

Three things that saliva does are that it helps breaking down food, controls temperature of food, and cleans surfaces of the mouth.
Besides eating food, what three things can cause saliva secretion in humans?

Three other things that cause the secretion of saliva are the sight of food, the smell of food, and swallowing of food.
Define peristalsis.

Peristalsis is a wave of contraction that travels the length of a hollow vessel or organ.
Name 3 parts of the stomach.

Three parts of the stomach arefundus, body, and antrum.
Name 3 functions of the stomach.

Three functions of the stomach are breaking down food mechanically, pepsin breaks down complex proteins, and and transforms food into enzyme.
What is the pH of chyme?

The pH of chyme is 2 which means it is a very strong acid.
Name the 3 parts of the small intsestines.

Three parts of the small instestines are duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
What is the primary function of the colon?

The primary function of the colon is to absorb water, very little nutritional absorbation is involved with the colon.
Name the four main sections of the colon.

The four main sections of the colon are the ascending colon, the transverse colon, descending colon, and the sigmoid colon.
What is bile?

Bile is a fluid secreted by the liver that contains bicarbonate and bile salts.
Bile is secreted into the bile duct by what organ? And when not in use excess bile is stored where?

Bile is secreted into the bile duct by the liver and when not in use excess bile is stored in the gall bladder.
Name three important functions of the liver?

Three important functions of the liver is the secretion of the bile, metabolic processing of nutrients, and removal of the aged red blood cells from the blood.
What is the important function of intestinal villi?

The most important function of the intestinal villi is that it carries around nutrition into blood vessels.
What is responsible for the brown color of feces?

What is responsible for the brown color of feces are the remnants of worn blood cells.
What is defecation?

Defecation allows fecel material to be eliminated from the body.
Define mechanical and chemical digestion?

Mechanical digestion is the physical process that tears, grinds, and masnes large food particles into smaller ones. Chemical digestion is the process that breaks lage food molecules into smaller ones.
What causes gastroesophageal reflux disease?

What causes gastroesophageal reflux diseas is when the valve between the lower end of the esophagus and the stomach does not close tightly enough.
Digestion and absorption occur in what major portion of the GI tract?

Digestion and absorption mainly occurs in the jejunum located in the small intestine.

Links for Information

The Human Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract: http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/G/GITract.html
Gastriointestinal Tract: from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GI_tract
Understanding Your GI Tract: The American College of Gastreoenterology: http://www.acg.gi.org/patients/gitract/index.asp
The Bowel Movement Guide: http://www.afraidtoask.com/bowel/gitract.html
Digestive System: http://www.innerbody.com/image/digeov.html
Digestive System: Lake Michigan College: http://www.lakemichigancollege.edu/dept/Arts-Sciences/bio/anat/diges.html
Kids Health: Digestive System: http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/digestive_system.html

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