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Fiber optic has a central core
of glass or plastic with a high index of refraction. A cladding layer surrounds
this fiber of a slightly lower refractive index, which isolates the central
fiber from other fibers. Each fiber provides a single, unidirectional, end-to-end
transmission path. Lasers and light-emmiting diodes are used for the light-wave
transmission. The transmission is usually point-to-point in digital baseband.
Practical data rates of up to 50 Mbps have been realized over a distance
of six miles without repeaters.
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