# ARRAY

What is an Array?

An array is a special variable, which can hold more than one value at a time.

If you have a list of items (a list of car names, for example), storing the cars in single variables could look like this:

$cars1 = “Volvo”;

$cars2 = “BMW”;

$cars3 = “Toyota”;

However, what if you want to loop through the cars and find a specific one? And what if you had not 3 cars, but 300?

The solution is to create an array!

An array can hold many values under a single name, and you can access the values by referring to an index number.

Create an Array in PHP :

In PHP, the array() function is used to create an array:

array();

In PHP, there are three types of arrays:

Indexed arrays – Arrays with a numeric index.

Associative arrays – Arrays with named keys.

Multidimensional arrays – Arrays containing one or more arrays.

(1)PHP Indexed Arrays :

There are two ways to create indexed arrays:

The index can be assigned automatically (index always starts at 0), like this:

$cars = array(“Volvo”, “BMW”, “Toyota”);

or the index can be assigned manually:

$cars[0] = “Volvo”;

$cars[1] = “BMW”;

$cars[2] = “Toyota”;

Example:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body>

<?php

$cars = array(“Volvo”, “BMW”, “Toyota”);

echo “I like ” . $cars[0] . “, ” . $cars[1] . ” and ” . $cars[2] . “.”;

?>

</body>

</html>

(2)PHP Associative Arrays:

Associative arrays are arrays that use named keys that you assign to them.

There are two ways to create an associative array:

$age = array(“Peter”=>”35”, “Ben”=>”37”, “Joe”=>”43”);

or:

$age[‘Peter’] = “35”;

$age[‘Ben’] = “37”;

$age[‘Joe’] = “43”;

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body>

<?php

$age = array(“Peter”=>”35”, “Ben”=>”37”, “Joe”=>”43”);

echo “Peter is ” . $age[‘Peter’] . ” years old.”;

?>

</body>

</html>

(3)Multidimensional Associative Array:

<?php
$marks=array(
“mohammad”=>array
(
“physics”=> 35,
“maths”=> 30,
“chemistry”=>39
),

“zara”=>array
(
“physics”=> 35,
“maths”=> 40,
“chemistry”=> 21
),
“quara”=>array
(
“physics”=> 45,
“maths”=> 48,
“chemistry”=> 45
)
);

echo “value of mohammad array”.'<br>’;
echo $marks[“mohammad”][“physics”].'<br>’;
echo $marks[“mohammad”][“maths”].'<br>’;
echo $marks[“mohammad”][“chemistry”].'<br>’;
echo” value of zara array”.'<br>’;
echo $marks [“zara”][“physics”].'<br>’;
echo $marks[“zara”][“maths”].'<br>’;
echo $marks[“zara”][“chemistry”].'<br>’;
echo”value of quara array”.'<br>’;
echo $marks[“quara”][“physics”].'<br>’;
echo $marks[“quara”][“maths”].'<br>’;
echo $marks[“quara”][“chemistry”].'<br>’;
?>

OUTPUT :

value of mohammad array
35
30
39
value of zara array
35
40
21
value of quara array
45
48
45

(4)Multidimensional Index Array :

<?php
$abc=array
(
array(1,2,3),
array(4,5,6),
array(6,7,8)
);
echo”value of position 0,0=”.$abc[0][0].'<br>’;
echo “value of position 0,1=”.$abc[0][1].'<br>’;
echo “value of position 0,2=”.$abc[0][2].'<br>’;
echo “value of position 1,0=”.$abc[1][0].'<br>’;
echo “value of position 1,1=”.$abc[1][1].'<br>’;
echo “value of position 1,2=”.$abc[1][2].'<br>’;
echo “value of position 2,0=”.$abc[2][0].'<br>’;
echo “value of position 2,1=”.$abc[2][1].'<br>’;
echo “value of position 2,2=”.$abc[2][2];

?>

OUTPUT :
value of position 0,0=1
value of position 0,1=2
value of position 0,2=3
value of position 1,0=4
value of position 1,1=5
value of position 1,2=6
value of position 2,0=6
value of position 2,1=7
value of position 2,2=8