KEY DATES IN THE HISTORY OF PEREGRINE AND TECHNICLONE

 

May 21, 2003
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that researchers have isolated a protein fragment derived from the cancer immunotherapy drug interleukin 2 (IL-2) that functions to significantly enhance the uptake of chemotherapeutic agents by tumor cells by up to 400%. This technology is part of a class of compounds called Vasopermeation Enhancement Agents (VEA) being developed by Peregrine.

 

February 25, 2003
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the issuance of U.S. Patent No. 6,524,583 covering new antibody-based methods for treating a variety of diseases. The patent, entitled Antibody Methods for Selectively Inhibiting VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), covers methods for treating a variety of diseases, including cancer, arthritis and eye diseases, based on the use of a group of antibodies that bind to and selectively neutralize the actions of VEGF.

February 24, 2003
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to start its Cotara Phase III registration clinical study in recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The approved clinical protocol is designed to rigorously evaluate the safety and efficacy of Cotara in a multi-center clinical trial. This single trial will be sufficient for the FDA to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of Cotara for product registration.

February 03, 2003
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas (UT Southwestern) have published data detailing the anti-tumor effects of the 2C3 antibody. The study, which appears in Angiogenesis, demonstrated that administration of 2C3 to tumor-bearing mice inhibited tumor growth by 75%, as compared to a control group.

December 10, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA presented preclinical data showing that non-radiolabeled Lym-1 antibodies had a significant anti-tumor effect on several B-cell lymphoma cancer models. This study explored the use of unlabeled Lym-1 as an anti-tumor agent in several B-cell lymphoma mouse models. The study revealed that Lym-1 had significant anti-tumor activity when human natural killer cells were present in the mouse models, indicating that Lym-1 may interact with the immune system to provide an anti-tumor effect. In a survival experiment study, all mice in the control group died by week 10, while all Lym-1 (one dose) treated mice were alive and appeared healthy at week 16.

November 25, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that the European Communities Commission granted orphan medicinal product designation for Cotara for the treatment of glioma, or brain cancer.

November 13, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas (UT Southwestern) have further characterized and defined anionic phospholipids as potential markers for tumor blood vessels. Researchers at UT Southwestern, through a Peregrine sponsored research collaboration, have developed monoclonal antibodies that target anionic phospholipids to be used as potential Vascular Targeting Agents (VTA). Antibodies which selectively target anionic phospholipids have been exclusively licensed to Peregrine from the University of Texas System.

September 19, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has received correspondence from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concerning its proposed Cotara Phase III trial for brain cancer. Peregrine plans to have an additional meeting with the FDA to negotiate several important issues as soon as practicable.

September 17, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the issuance of U.S. Patent No. 6,451,312 covering new Vascular Targeting Agent (VTA) therapeutics. The new patent extends the Company's broad patent coverage of VTA compositions and treatment methods by providing a "targeting agent- therapeutic agent" combination.

July 11, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has been issued U.S. Patent No. 6,416,758, titled "Antibody Conjugate Kits for Selectively Inhibiting VEGF," covering Vascular Targeting Agents (VTAs) developed at UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas that target vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF). The patent was issued to The University of Texas System and is licensed exclusively to Peregrine.

June 18, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the issuance of U.S. Patent No. 6,406,693 covering new methods for treating vascularized tumors using antibodies that bind to a particular group of lipids, termed aminophospholipids, specific markers of tumor blood vessels. The patent was issued to the University of Texas System and is licensed exclusively to Peregrine. Entitled, "Cancer Treatment Methods Using Antibodies to Aminophospholipids," the patent also provides aminophospholipid-targeted diagnostic and therapeutic constructs for use in tumor intervention.

June 17, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the issuance of U.S. Patent No. 6,403,096 covering the use of Permeability Enhancing Peptide (PEP) as a Vasopermeation Enhancement Agent (VEA). The patent, entitled "Vasopermeability Enhancing Peptide of Human Interleukin-2 and Immunoconjugates Thereof," covers novel methods of targeting tumors using PEP, which is a synthetic fragment of interleukin-2 that lacks cytokine activity yet maintains permeability inducing activity.

June 13, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. introduced a new type of Vascular Targeting Agent (VTA). The new VTA is a "naked" (unmodified) monoclonal antibody directed against phosphatidylserine, a lipid target that becomes exposed on the walls of solid tumor blood vessels. Researchers demonstrated the antibody suppressed the growth of a variety of human and mouse solid tumors growing in mice and may be a promising anti-cancer candidate for clinical trials.

June 11, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that researchers at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston and the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas have demonstrated in an animal model that a new fusion protein that links vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with a toxin (gelonin) targeted and destroyed the blood vessels supplying a tumor. This VEGF construct is a Vascular Targeting Agent (VTA) compound, which Peregrine licensed to SuperGen, Inc. in February 2001.

May 14, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that in an article published in the journal Hybridoma and Hybridomics, researchers described how they successfully generated stable fragments of Peregrine's Tumor Necrosis Therapy (TNT) antibody in a mammalian expression system. The article details how these fragments can be manufactured in large quantities in a mammalian cell expression system.

May 07, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced promising interim data from human clinical studies using Peregrine's proprietary Tumor Necrosis Therapy (TNT) technology. The studies of TNT for lung and hepatic cancer were designed and conducted in the People's Republic of China by various universities independently of Peregrine.

March 04, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the issuance of U.S. Patent No. 6,342,221 covering the use of a new category of therapeutic agents within its Vascular Targeting Agent (VTA) technology. The new patent covers VTAs that deliver therapeutic agents such as toxins, chemotherapeutic agents and coagulation proteins to VEGF (vascular endothelial cell growth factor), a specific marker within tumor blood vessels.

January 29, 2002
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has been issued U.S. Patent No. 6,342,219 covering the use of new antibodies for cancer treatment. The patent, titled "Antibody Compositions for Selectively Inhibiting VEGF," specifically covers antibodies that bind to and selectively neutralize the actions of VEGF (vascular endothelial cell growth factor), a key molecule in tumor development and progression.

December 20, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has initiated human antibody generation against two additional targets with Xenerex Biosciences, a wholly owned subsidiary of Avanir Pharmaceuticals. Both of these antibodies are being developed to potentially be used as fully human monoclonal antibody therapies for the treatment of solid tumors. The initiation of antibody generation against the new targets will complete the transfer of three targets from Peregrine to Xenerex under the terms of an agreement signed in June 2001.

December 17, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that an article published in the journal Hybridoma and Hybridomics has verified the similarity of chimeric and human Tumor Necrosis Therapy (TNT) monoclonal antibodies. The article is titled "Characterization of a Phage Display-Derived Human Monoclonal Antibody (NHS76) Counterpart to Chimeric TNT-1 Directed Against Necrotic Regions of Solid Tumors."

December 13, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has concluded a successful meeting with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Peregrine and representatives from the FDA agreed upon the design of a pivotal Phase III study for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, a deadly form of brain cancer, with the Company's Tumor Necrosis Therapy drug being developed under the trade name Cotara.

November 16, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced image fusion data from its Phase II Cotara trial for malignant glioma. Cotara is Peregrine's Tumor Necrosis Therapy drug. It is a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody that binds to the necrotic core of tumors and uses radiation to kill the tumors from the inside out. The trial used image fusion techniques to study the distribution of Cotara within brain tumors. The resulting fused images provided detailed information about the location and dose of drug relative to the tumor. Through the use of this technique, researchers were able to determine the parameters for delivery of Cotara for brain tumor patients. The Phase II study demonstrated that Cotara is able to deliver a high therapeutic radiation dose to the brain cancer. This concentrated, highly targeted delivery has the potential to greatly benefit patients.

November 12, 2001
Arcus Therapeutics, LLC, a joint venture between Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and OXiGENE, Inc., announced the issuance of a U.S. Patent covering additional aspects of its Vascular Targeting Agent (VTA) technology. The new patent, No. 6,312,694, covers VTAs that deliver therapeutic compounds such as toxins, chemotherapeutic agents and coagulation proteins to specific tumor blood vessel markers, known as aminophospholipids.

October 10, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted fast track status to Cotara for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. Peregrine plans to open a Phase III clinical study of Cotara by the end of this year.

August 22, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Image-Guided Neurologics, a medical device company developing access and navigational products for minimally invasive neurosurgery techniques, announced that they have agreed to co-sponsor a Phase I/II pilot study for Cotara, Peregrine's Tumor Necrosis Therapy drug that utilizes IGN's Navigus Array multi-lumen intracranial catheter in patients with brain cancer. The pilot study is designed to further characterize the flow and distribution characteristics of the Array catheter when used with Cotara, as well as to better understand methods to improve overall distribution of the drug at the tumor site.

August 21, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the issuance of a U.S. Patent covering its Vasopermeation Enhancing Agent platform technology. The patent, No. 6,274,343, is titled "Vasopermeability Enhancing Immunoconjugates." This patent expands on the claims previously issued under patent 6,007,817 covering Vasopermeability Enhancing Immunoconjugates.

July 18, 2001
Arcus Therapeutics, LLC, a joint venture between Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and OXiGENE, Inc. announced the issuance of a U.S. Patent covering the use of Vascular Targeting Agent technology for the imaging and diagnosis of vascularized tumors. The patent, No. 6,261,535, is entitled Diagnostic Methods for Targeting the Vasculature of Solid Tumors.

June 26, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced preliminary results from a Phase I/II Malignant Tumor Trial utilizing Cotara, Peregrine's Tumor Necrosis Therapy (TNT) drug. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the efficacy, safety and dosimetry of Cotara for the treatment of primary and unresectable cancers of the pancreas, liver, prostate or brain. The drug was well tolerated. Positive responses were seen, including one prostate cancer patient with stable disease and one pancreatic patient with significant shrinkage of the tumor. The pharmacokinetic, biodistribution and dosimetry results showed that Cotara exhibited the expected patterns for a protein of its molecular weight and size. The dosimetry profile of Cotara showed that a good therapeutic dose was administered to the tumor.

June 12, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Avanir Pharmaceuticals' Xenerex Biosciences, announced that they have entered into an antibody research collaboration agreement. Terms of the agreement provide for the transfer of three antigen targets from Peregrine to Xenerex for the subsequent generation of fully human monoclonal antibodies, utilizing Xenerex's antibody generation technology. Xenerex will receive upfront research fees and could receive milestones and royalties on future product sales. Peregrine will be responsible for product development, manufacturing and commercialization of any products developed through the collaboration. The specific financial terms of the agreement were not disclosed. Xenerex Biosciences is a biopharmaceutical company with a customer-focused mission to enable partner companies to develop and commercialize completely human antibody products.

June 08, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has entered into an agreement with pharmaceutical company Schering AG to transfer management of the development of Oncolym to Peregrine. As part of the agreement, Peregrine will reacquire worldwide marketing and distribution rights for the product. Oncolym is being investigated in a Phase I/II clinical trial for the treatment of intermediate and high-grade non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma. Peregrine intends to work closely with Schering to ensure a rapid and seamless transition of the development program so the clinical studies will not be affected.

May 14, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced Dr. Sunil Patel, associate professor of neurosurgery at the Medical University of South Carolina, presented encouraging preliminary efficacy and safety results from a Phase II brain cancer trial using Cotara, Peregrine's Tumor Necrosis Therapy drug. The primary objective of the Phase II Cotara study is to determine the median time to progression of treated patients compared with a historical control population. Patel presented data on the first 29 patients in the study. This group possessed a uniformly poor prognosis, the majority of them having been diagnosed with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which is a form of malignant brain tumor. Primary side effects of the Cotara infusion were well tolerated in this patient population. The overall median time to progression was 13.9 weeks, despite inclusion of many heavily pretreated patients. By contrast, the median time to progression for the historical control population was eight weeks. Peregrine plans to continue to enroll and treat patients under the Phase II protocol while the final preparations are being made for the Phase III study, which will commence later this year.

April 19, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that a new study entitled "Phase I Study of 131I-chTNT-1/B after Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatic Cancer" will evaluate the use of Cotara, along with radiofrequency ablation, as a treatment for liver cancers.

April 12, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the opening of a new Phase I clinical trial at Stanford University to evaluate the use of Cotara in patients with cancers of the biliary system and pancreas. The study is titled " Phase I Evaluation of Intravenous 131 I-chTNT-1/B for the Treatment of Advanced Pancreatico-Biliary Cancer." Patients will receive escalating doses of Cotara to determine the safety and characteristics of the drug in a sample patient population.

April 09, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that a new study entitled " Phase I Evaluation of Intravenous 131I-chTNT-1/B for the Treatment of Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma" will evaluate the use of Cotara in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma. This study is part of a series to characterize the effects of Cotara when administered intravenously to patients with advanced cancer.

February 22, 2001
ARCUS Therapeutics, LLC, a joint venture between Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and OXiGENE, Inc., announced that a publication in the journal Cancer Research validates ARCUS's Vascular Targeting Agent (VTA) technology for treating cancer. VTAs are anti-cancer agents that act by cutting off the supply of oxygen and nutrients to tumor cells.

January 09, 2001
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced favorable preliminary results from its ongoing Phase II clinical trial of Cotara, its Tumor Necrosis Therapy (TNT) drug, in patients with recurrent or unresectable malignant glioma (brain tumor). Peregrine Pharmaceuticals plans to complete analysis of the trial and, in collaboration with its investigators, submit the results to scientific publications and present the data at upcoming scientific meetings.

November 30, 2000
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that the first patient has been enrolled and treated in the new Phase I clinical study for colorectal cancer being conducted at Stanford University Medical School using Peregrine's Cotara drug.

October 26, 2000
Techniclone Corporation announced the issuance of two U.S. Patents No. 6,132,729 and 6,132,730 that cover the use of the coagulation protein truncated tissue factor (tTF) to treat solid tumors. This technology is related to Techniclone's Vascular Targeting Agent (VTA) technology and is based on the finding that tTF is capable of localizing to tumor blood vessels and inducing coagulation (blood clots) of the tumor blood vessels leading to significant anti-tumor effects.

October 23, 2000
Techniclone Corporation announced that the Company has completed an agreement for a segment of its Tumor Necrosis Therapy (TNT) technology with Merck KGaA of Darmstadt, Germany. Under the agreement, Techniclone will grant Merck the right to use its proprietary TNT antibodies for producing immunocytokines.The agreement involves an undisclosed upfront payment and a royalty upon commencement of commercial sales.

October 18, 2000
Techniclone Corporation announced that patient enrollment for a new Phase I clinical study for the treatment of colorectal cancer has been started at the Stanford University Medical School.

September 06, 2000
Techniclone Corporation reported that a Principal Investigator for the Techniclone-sponsored clinical trial for Cotara, Dr. Patel, reported that on-going clinical trials for Cotara suggest that it may be a viable treatment for brain cancer compared to conventional chemotherapy. His preliminary data suggests that time to progression (life expectancy) may be increased, and that side effects (edema) were minimal and treatable when compared to conventional chemotherapy.

July 25, 2000
OXiGENE, Inc. and Techniclone Corporation announced the issuance of U.S. Patent No. 6,093,399 entitled "Methods and compositions for the specific coagulation of vasculature". This patent broadly covers Vascular Targeting Agent (VTA) compositions that include a coagulation factor.

June 22, 2000
Techniclone Corporation announced that Schering AG, Germany, its strategic partner for its Non-Hodgkins lymphoma drug, Oncolym, will commence patient enrollment for the planned Phase I human clinical study shortly through its U.S. subsidiary Berlex Laboratories. This dose escalation study is designed to measure safety and efficacy of a single dose of Oncolym in intermediate and high grade Non Hodgkins Lymphoma.

June 07, 2000
Techniclone Corporation announced that the U.S. Patent Office has issued U.S. Patent No. 6,071,491, that extends the usage of its Tumor Necrosis Technology (TNT) platform, as a diagnostic and imaging agent. The TNT technology is one of Techniclone's platform technologies for the treatment and diagnosis of solid tumors.

April 19, 2000
Techniclone Corporation announced the issuance of U.S. Patent No. 6,051,230 that broadly covers Vascular Targeting Agent (VTA) compositions, a platform technology for the treatment of solid tumors based upon targeting components that deliver a wide variety of therapeutic agents to tumor blood vessels.

March 15, 2000
Techniclone Corporation announced that the Company was issued U.S. Patent No. 6,036,955 on March 14, 2000 entitled "Kits and Methods for the Specific Coagulation of Vasculature" by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. This patent covers particular methods of inducing molecules on tumor blood vessels for subsequent targeting and destruction and is a valuable addition to Techniclone's existing broad patent portfolio on its Vascular Targeting Agent technology.

January 31, 2000
Techniclone Corporation announced that the U.S. Patent Office has granted two patents, US Patent #6,004,554 and US Patent #6,004,555, that extend patent coverage for Techniclone's Vascular Targeting Agent (VTA) technology. The VTA technology is one of Techniclone's platform technologies for the treatment of solid tumors. It is designed to specifically target and occlude tumor blood vessels resulting in an anti-tumor effect.

January 06, 2000
Techniclone Corporation announced that the U.S. Patent Office has granted a US Patent No. 6007817 for Techniclone's Vasopermeation Enhancement Agent (VEA) technology. The VEA technology is one of Techniclone's platform technologies used to enhance drug uptake in solid tumors. This broad patent covers the use of the VEA agents for the treatment of all solid tumors in conjunction with chemotherapeutic agents, monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, and other therapeutic agents.

May 17, 1999
Techniclone Corporation announced the results from its Phase I study with Cotara for the treatment of brain cancer. Although the twelve patient Phase I study was designed to determine the safety of Cotara with glioblastoma patients, the median time to progression and median time to survival data was very encouraging. The study results indicated that 50% of the patients were observed to have shrinkage/stabilization of their tumors post treatment, with approximately one-third of a therapeutic dose administered, The patients in this Phase I study were diagnosed with either recurrent malignant multiforme or anaplastic astrocytoma (AA). A single dose of Cotara was administered via an interstitial catheter placed stereotactically into the tumor by computer guidance.

 

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